Light capture reaction cavity solar photocatalytic reactor with triple reflection condensation structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar photocatalytic reactor with a triple reflection condensation structure, and belongs to the technical field of solar energy utilization and photocatalysis. The reactor mainly comprises a stainless steel bracket, a triple reflection mirror group, a light capture reaction cavity and a transparent inner tube, the tertiary reflecting mirror group is composed of a primary parabolic reflecting mirror, a secondary plane reflecting mirror and a tertiary parabolic reflecting mirror, and is used for efficiently collecting and conducting incident sunlight in a large receiving angle range, and finally all the incident sunlight converges into the light capture reaction cavity. The inner wall of the reaction cavity is coated with a photocatalyst coating, and the unique optical structure of the photocatalyst coating enables incident light to be subjected to multiple diffuse reflection and not to escape until the incident light is fully absorbed by a catalyst, so that the effects of high illumination intensity, uniform distribution and high light energy utilization rate are achieved. Through optical structure innovation, under the condition that a high-precision sun tracking system is not needed, the technical problems that a traditional solar photocatalytic reactor is uneven in illumination, insufficient in light intensity and depends on tracking are effectively solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of solar light concentration and photocatalysis, in particular to a reactor structure for driving photocatalytic reaction directly by solar energy, more particularly to a light-capturing reactor with a three-reflection light concentration structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] Photocatalysis technology has shown great potential in environmental governance and energy conversion due to its mild reaction conditions, low energy consumption, and environmental friendliness. However, there are still many challenges in the process of transferring this technology from the laboratory to practical applications, one of which is how to design an efficient, stable, and engineeringable photocatalytic reactor.

[0003] In laboratory research, artificial light sources such as xenon lamps are often used to provide stable and sufficient light to ensure the efficiency of photocatalytic reactions and the repeatability of experiments. However, when directly using solar energy to drive the photocatalytic reaction process, the low energy density (maximum of only about 1000 W / m²) makes it difficult to meet the threshold required by many efficient photocatalytic reactions, resulting in a sharp decline in reaction rate and efficiency. Therefore, concentrating sunlight is a necessary means to improve the energy flow density of sunlight in the reactor.

[0004] Currently, there have been studies using compound parabolic concentrators (CPCs), trough parabolic concentrators, or dish concentrators for solar photocatalytic reactions. However, the above reactors can only make the local light intensity in the reactor extremely strong, while the light intensity in the focal region decreases sharply. This large gap can cause local overheating and catalyst deactivation, limiting the overall photocatalytic efficiency. In addition, to maintain high light concentration efficiency, the above concentrators often require high-precision solar dual-axis tracking systems. This not only significantly increases the manufacturing cost, operating energy consumption, and structural complexity of the system, but also reduces the reliability and maintenance convenience in actual environments, greatly restricting its large-scale application prospects.

[0005] Therefore, developing a solar light concentration photocatalytic reactor that can achieve high light intensity and uniform light distribution without the need for complex tracking systems is crucial for promoting the practical application of photocatalysis technology. The present application aims to solve this key technical problem. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides a light-capturing reactor with a three-reflection light concentration structure, which aims to solve the problems of uneven lighting, insufficient light intensity, and low light utilization efficiency in existing photocatalytic processes through special optical structure design.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the application adopts the following technical scheme: a light-concentrating solar photocatalytic reactor with a three-time reflection structure comprises a stainless steel support, a left rotation shaft hole, a right rotation shaft hole, a first reflection left mirror, a first reflection right mirror, a second reflection left mirror, a second reflection right mirror, a third reflection left parabolic mirror, a third reflection right parabolic mirror, a parabolic mirror groove fixing frame, a left fixing surface, a right fixing surface, a light-capturing reaction cavity, a light-capturing reaction cavity fixing frame, a transparent inner tube, a lower water inlet hole, an upper water outlet hole, a catalyst coating, a light-capturing reaction cavity surface sliding rail, and various open grooves for mounting and fixing the reflection mirrors.

[0008] The stainless steel support is divided into a left part and a right part, and the two parts are connected by welding a stainless steel strip to provide stable support for all components of the reactor. The left fixing surface and the right fixing surface are different in shape, but both are provided with rotation holes of the same structure. This design has a dual purpose: first, it facilitates the extraction and installation of the light-capturing reaction cavity and the left and right parabolic mirrors, enabling modular maintenance; second, it allows the angle of the entire photocatalytic reactor to be adjusted to ensure stable alignment of the incident light.

[0009] The first reflection mirror is a parabolic surface formed by rotating a parabola, which is used to reflect sunlight for the first time. The second reflection mirror is made of a mirror aluminum plate with a reflectivity higher than 95%, which is used to receive all the light reflected by the first reflection mirror and guide it to the third reflection mirror. The third reflection mirror is also a parabolic surface formed by rotating a parabola, and its function is to converge and reflect all the light from the second reflection mirror to the inside of the light-capturing reaction cavity.

[0010] The light-capturing reaction cavity is designed by optical optimization and can effectively receive all the light from the third reflection mirror. Since the photocatalyst itself has a reflection characteristic to light, the incident light will be reflected on the surface of the catalyst coating and form multiple reflections between the inner walls of the light-capturing reaction cavity until the light energy is completely absorbed. In addition, when the depth of the reaction solution is too large, it will significantly affect the propagation path and efficiency of the light. Therefore, the transparent inner tube is set to define a narrow fluid channel, thereby greatly reducing the impact of liquid layer thickness on light propagation.

[0011] Preferably, the left fixing surface and the right fixing surface each have a rotation hole for mounting a rotation shaft, and the inclination angle of the entire photocatalytic reactor can be adjusted by rotating the rotation shaft.

[0012] Preferably, the first reflection left mirror and the first reflection right mirror are respectively installed in the special clamping grooves at the left and right ends of the stainless steel support.

[0013] Preferably, the second reflection left mirror and the second reflection right mirror are installed in V-shaped clamping grooves, and the mirrors are arranged downward to reflect light.

[0014] Preferably, the third-reflection left mirror and the third-reflection right mirror are located directly below the second-reflection mirror and are connected to the light-capturing reaction chamber through a slide rail structure, which is designed to allow the third-reflection mirror assembly to be pulled out from the left side.

[0015] Preferably, the light-capturing reaction chamber is installed below the third-reflection mirror through the slide rail structure and can be pulled out as a whole from the right side for easy maintenance and replacement.

[0016] Preferably, the transparent inner tube is placed inside the light-capturing reaction chamber and is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the light-capturing reaction chamber at the bottom.

[0017] Preferably, a lower water inlet and an upper water outlet are provided at the lower and upper parts of the light-capturing reaction chamber, respectively. This kind of flow path design facilitates the uniform flow of the reaction solution in the tube, increasing the contact area and reaction residence time of the solution with the photocatalyst coating on the tube wall.

[0018] To achieve the above-mentioned purposes, the present application adopts the technical solutions as described above. Compared with the prior art, the optical structure design of the present application brings significant advantages, the core of which is that through the unique three-reflection light path design, high utilization efficiency and uniform illumination are achieved without the need for a complex solar tracking system.

[0019] High light concentration efficiency and long duration: Through the unique three-reflection light concentration structure design, the light intensity in the core area of the reactor is significantly improved, and the effective daily light concentration duration can be guaranteed to be no less than 6 hours. The first reflection (one parabolic surface): it concentrates the light within a ±30° incident angle once, with a reflection efficiency (>95%), which realizes the collection of light within a large incident angle range under non-tracking conditions. The second reflection (two plane mirrors): it guides the light to the third-reflection mirror located at the lower part of the reactor, with a reflection efficiency (>95%), and in addition, it also realizes the compact layout of the light path structure. The third reflection (three parabolic surfaces): it reflects all the light from the second-reflection mirror into the light-capturing reaction chamber reaction tube inlet at the best angle, with an efficiency >95%. Through the three high-efficiency reflections, the overall light utilization efficiency of the system can reach more than 85%.

[0020] Uniform light distribution and high utilization rate: The light-capturing reaction chamber works cooperatively with the third-reflection mirror to ensure that all incident light is efficiently reflected into the interior of the photocatalytic reactor. The reflection characteristics of the photocatalyst coating and the geometric structure of the light-capturing reaction chamber are combined, causing the light to undergo multiple diffuse reflections in the chamber and unable to escape until the energy is fully absorbed. This mechanism greatly improves the uniformity of light distribution and maximizes the utilization efficiency of light energy.

[0021] Modular design for easy maintenance: Key components such as the reflection mirror and the light-capturing reaction chamber are installed using a slide rail method and can be pulled out individually, greatly facilitating maintenance operations such as cleaning and replacing the catalyst.

[0022] Optimized fluid design and good mass transfer effect: The bottom-inlet and top-outlet flow field design enhances the contact and mixing between the solution and the catalyst surface, improves the mass transfer efficiency, and is beneficial to the catalytic reaction.

[0023] In the diagram: 1-1 left mirror for primary reflection; 1-2 right mirror for primary reflection; 2 stainless steel bracket; 3-1 left mirror for secondary reflection; 3-2 right mirror for secondary reflection; 4 right fixed surface; 5-1 left mirror for tertiary reflection; 5-2 right mirror for tertiary reflection; 6 light-capturing reaction chamber; 7 left fixed surface; 8 left hole of rotation shaft; 9 right hole of rotation shaft; 10 lower water inlet; 11 upper water outlet; 12 slide rail on the surface of the light-capturing reaction chamber; 13 transparent inner tube; 14-1 left fixed bracket for the left mirror for tertiary reflection; 14-2 left fixed bracket for the left mirror for tertiary reflection; 15 photocatalyst coating. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the photocatalytic reactor Figure 2 Left view of photocatalytic reactor Figure 3 Right view of photocatalytic reactor Figure 4 Bottom view of photocatalytic reactor Figure 5 Top view of photocatalytic reactor Figure 6 Top view of the light-capturing reaction chamber Figure 7 Side view of the light-capturing reaction chamber and transparent inner tube Figure 8 Bottom view of the light-capturing reaction chamber and transparent inner tube Figure 9 Cross-sectional view of the light-capturing reaction chamber and transparent inner tube. Figure 10 Ray path diagram Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention.

[0026] Please see Figures 1 to 10 The present invention provides a solar photocatalytic reactor with a light-capturing reaction chamber having a three-stage reflection concentrating structure, which mainly consists of a fixed support system, a reflector group, a light-capturing reaction chamber reaction tube, a transparent inner tube, and connecting and fixing components.

[0027] The stainless steel support 2 is made of high-strength stainless steel material, and its core function is to provide rigid support for all other components. Open clamping slots are machined on the left and right ends of the support 2, and the primary reflection left mirror 1-1 and the primary reflection right mirror 1-2 are positioned and fixed by inserting into the corresponding clamping slots. Similarly, open clamping slots are also provided on the left and right sides of the top of the support 2, which are used to install and fix the secondary reflection left mirror 3-1 and the secondary reflection right mirror 3-2.

[0028] In this embodiment, the primary reflection mirrors 1-1, 1-2 and the secondary reflection mirrors 3-1, 3-2 are made of high-reflectivity material (such as silver-coated glass or high-reflectivity aluminum plate), and their reflectivity is greater than 95%. Among them, the primary reflection left and right mirrors 1-1, 1-2 are parabolic mirrors, and their optical design aims to reflect and converge the received parallel sunlight onto the secondary reflection mirrors.

[0029] Further, the tertiary reflection left mirror 5-1 and the tertiary reflection right mirror 5-2 are respectively installed through the left side of the fixing frame 14-1, 14-2, and are connected with the surface sliding rail 12 of the light-capturing reaction cavity. The installation height of the left fixing surface 7 is lower than that of the tertiary reflection mirror assembly.

[0030] In this embodiment, the tertiary reflection left and right mirrors 5-1, 5-2 are also designed as parabolic mirrors. Their function is to receive light from the secondary reflection mirrors and finally reflect and focus all the light to the center area of the entrance of the light-capturing reaction cavity 6. In addition, the low installation design of the left fixing surface 7, combined with the guiding effect of the sliding rail 12, together ensures that the tertiary reflection mirror assembly can be smoothly pulled out or inserted from the left side along the sliding rail, facilitating cleaning and maintenance.

[0031] Further, the light-capturing reaction cavity 6 is connected and positioned with the tertiary reflection mirror assembly through the above-mentioned sliding rail 12. The installation height of the right fixing surface 4 is higher than that of the light-capturing reaction cavity 6, and the light-capturing reaction cavity 6 is located on the bottom support structure of the stainless steel support 2. In the interior of the light-capturing reaction cavity 6, a transparent inner tube 13 is tightly sleeved, and the bottom of the transparent inner tube 13 is fixed with the inner cavity bottom of the light-capturing reaction cavity.

[0032] In this embodiment, the high design of the right fixing surface 4 provides the necessary space for the operation of pulling out the light-capturing reaction cavity 6 from the right side. More importantly, the transparent inner tube 13 is provided to accommodate the reaction solution, thereby forming a narrow optical channel between the tube wall photocatalyst coating 15 and the flowing solution. This greatly reduces the absorption and scattering loss of light by the liquid phase, ensuring that the light can be efficiently reflected multiple times in the light-capturing reaction cavity.

[0033] Further, a lower water inlet hole 10 is formed near the bottom of the light-capturing reaction chamber 6, and an upper water outlet hole 11 is formed near the top of the light-capturing reaction chamber 6. The photocatalyst coating 15 is firmly attached to the inner wall of the light-capturing reaction chamber 6 by coating or sintering.

[0034] In the present embodiment, the reaction solution is pumped in through the lower water inlet hole 10 and flows out through the upper water outlet hole 11. This downward flow and upward flow mode is advantageous for removing air bubbles in the pipe and forces the solution to form a plug flow along the surface of the photocatalyst coating 15, thereby strengthening the mass transfer process between the liquid and solid phases and ensuring efficient photocatalytic reaction.

[0035] Further, a left rotating speed shaft hole 8 is formed on the left fixed surface 7, and a right rotating speed shaft hole 9 is formed on the right fixed surface 4.

[0036] In the present embodiment, the left rotating speed shaft hole 8 and the right rotating speed shaft hole 9 are coaxial and have the same size. When a rotating shaft is inserted through the two holes and fixed, the pitch angle of the entire photocatalytic reactor can be precisely adjusted by driving the rotating shaft to rotate, thereby achieving tracking and optimization of the angle of receiving sunlight.

Claims

1. A solar photocatalytic reactor with a light-harvesting reaction chamber having a three-stage reflection concentrating structure, characterized in that, include: The components include: a left mirror for primary reflection (1-1); a right mirror for primary reflection (1-2); a stainless steel bracket (2); a left mirror for secondary reflection (3-1); a right mirror for secondary reflection (3-2); a right fixed surface (4); a left mirror for tertiary reflection (5-1); a right mirror for tertiary reflection (5-2); a light-capturing reaction chamber (6); a left fixed surface (7); a left hole for the rotation shaft (8); a right hole for the rotation shaft (9); a lower water inlet (10); an upper water outlet (11); a surface slide rail for the light-capturing reaction chamber (12); a transparent inner tube (13); a left fixed bracket for the left mirror for tertiary reflection (14-1); a right fixed bracket for the right mirror for tertiary reflection (14-2); a photocatalyst coating (15); and necessary connecting and fixing components.

2. A solar photocatalytic reactor with a three-stage reflection concentrating structure for capturing light in a light-harvesting reaction chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stainless steel support (2) is made of high-strength stainless steel and forms the main support frame of the reactor.

3. A solar photocatalytic reactor with a three-stage reflection concentrating structure for capturing light in a light-harvesting reaction chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary reflection left mirror (1-1) and primary reflection right mirror (1-2) are parabolic mirrors, which are detachably installed in the slots at the left and right ends of the stainless steel bracket (2) to reflect and converge the incident sunlight to the secondary reflection mirror.

4. A solar photocatalytic reactor with a three-stage reflection concentrating structure for capturing light in a light-harvesting reaction chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary reflection left mirror (3-1) and secondary reflection right mirror (3-2) are plane mirrors, which are detachably installed in the slots on the top left and right sides of the stainless steel bracket (2) and located directly above the tertiary reflection mirror, for reflecting the primary reflection light to the tertiary reflection mirror.

5. A solar photocatalytic reactor with a three-stage reflection concentrating structure for capturing light in a light-harvesting reaction chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The left mirror (5-1) and right mirror (5-2) of the three-reflection are parabolic mirrors, which are installed by the fixing frame (14-1, 14-2) and placed above the light-capturing reaction cavity (6) by means of the slide rail (12) on the surface of the light-capturing reaction cavity, so as to finally converge and reflect the secondary reflected light into the interior of the light-capturing reaction cavity (6).

6. A solar photocatalytic reactor with a three-stage reflection concentrating structure for capturing light in a light-harvesting reaction chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-harvesting reaction chamber (6) is installed via the slide rail (12), its inner wall is covered with the photocatalyst coating (15), and the transparent inner tube (13) is provided inside; the transparent inner tube (13) is used to define the flow channel of the reaction solution to reduce the liquid phase attenuation of light; the optical structure of the light-harvesting reaction chamber (6) enables the light entering its interior to be reflected multiple times and fully absorbed.

7. A solar photocatalytic reactor with a three-stage reflection concentrating structure for capturing light in a light-harvesting reaction chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower water inlet (10) and upper water outlet (11) are respectively located at the bottom and top of the light-capturing reaction chamber (6) to form a flow path with the water inlet at the bottom and the water outlet at the top.

8. A solar photocatalytic reactor with a three-stage reflection concentrating structure for capturing light in a light-harvesting reaction chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The left fixed surface (7) and the right fixed surface (4) are respectively provided with the left hole (8) and the right hole (9) of the rotation shaft, which are used to install the rotating shaft to adjust the tilt angle of the reactor.

9. A solar photocatalytic reactor with a three-stage reflection concentrating structure for capturing light in a light-harvesting reaction chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dimensions of the primary reflector, secondary reflector, tertiary reflector and light-capturing reaction cavity (6) are determined by optical calculations, so that the light concentration ratio of the entire system is between 5 and 15.

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