Clamping device for assembling and correcting alloy anti-abrasion cover of bell jar hood

Abstract

The clamping device comprises a base platform, the lower surface of the base platform is connected with a shaft seat and a portal frame through bolts, the interior of the shaft seat is rotationally connected with a locking screw rod, the outer surface of the locking screw rod is rotationally connected with a sleeve, and the portal frame is connected with the sleeve. And six sets of first hinge blocks are fixedly connected to the peripheral face of the sleeve in the circumferential direction of the sleeve, and clamping buckle assemblies are rotationally connected to the inner sides of the first hinge blocks through pin shafts. According to the device, contact pressure signals are collected in real time through the miniature pressure sensor, contrastive analysis of the contact pressure signals and preset clamping force is completed in combination with a control system, stepped adjustment of the clamping force is achieved through a small servo electric cylinder driving wedge block structure, and stress concentration deformation caused by rigid clamping is avoided; and meanwhile, the micro piezoelectric ceramic actuator is used for carrying out micron-order correction on micro fluctuation of the clamping force in the machining process.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of part assembly correction, in particular to a clamping device for assembly correction of a bell-shaped wind cap alloy wear-resistant cover. BACKGROUND

[0002] In modern manufacturing, the bell-shaped wind cap alloy wear-resistant cover is a key protective component of metallurgical equipment and energy power equipment, which has complex geometry and a wall thickness of only 2-5 mm, and poor material rigidity. Before assembly, the spatial position, attitude and local deformation of the part need to be precisely corrected, and the assembly precision is extremely high. The pre-assembly correction and precision machining of such thin-walled curved parts has always been a technical difficulty in the industry. Traditional numerical control machining technology has obvious bottlenecks in part position correction, clamping and deformation control, and it is difficult to balance assembly precision, clamping stability and machining precision. The current mainstream assembly correction and machining schemes include rigid three-jaw chuck clamping, special custom fixtures and flexible clamping. The closest prior art is the intelligent fixture system of a German company. Although these schemes can achieve basic clamping functions, they generally have limitations: lack of real-time detection and dynamic correction of part position deviation before assembly, rigid clamping easily leads to stress concentration and deformation, flexible clamping lacks precise force control, the existing intelligent fixture can only monitor clamping force but cannot simultaneously monitor part spatial position deviation and local deformation, making it difficult to achieve position correction during assembly, and static clamping parameters are difficult to adapt to dynamic changes during assembly correction and machining, making it difficult to effectively correct part position deviation during assembly, and the workpiece vibration and displacement caused by cutting force changes during machining cannot be compensated in time, ultimately affecting assembly precision, product machining precision and consistency. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a clamping device for assembly correction of a bell-shaped wind cap alloy wear-resistant cover.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: A clamping device for assembly correction of a bell-shaped wind cap alloy wear-resistant cover, comprising a base platform, the lower surface of the base platform is connected with an axle seat and a gantry through bolts, the inside of the axle seat is rotatably connected with a locking screw, the outer surface of the locking screw is rotatably connected with a sleeve, the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve is fixedly connected with six groups of first hinge blocks around its circumferential direction, the inner side of the first hinge block is rotatably connected with a clamping buckle assembly through a pin shaft, the bottom surface of the gantry is connected with a servo motor through bolts; The clamping buckle assembly comprises a connecting plate, one end of the connecting plate is rotationally connected with a linkage rod through a pin shaft, the top end of the linkage rod is fixedly connected with a hinged seat, the inside of the hinged seat is rotationally connected with a hinged plate through a pin shaft, the outer surface of the hinged plate is connected with a support frame plate through a countersunk screw, the top surface of the support frame plate is connected with a small servo electric cylinder through a screw, the telescopic end of the small servo electric cylinder is connected with a first wedge through a screw, the inclined surface of the first wedge is slidingly connected with a second wedge, the two sides of the second wedge are threadedly connected with guide support rods, and the side of the second wedge relative to the inclined surface thereof is connected with a base plate through a countersunk screw, the inside of the base plate is clamped with a clamping block, the outer surface of the clamping block is attached with a flexible contact pad, the inside of the flexible contact pad is embedded with a micro pressure sensor, one end of the micro pressure sensor contacts a micro piezoelectric ceramic actuator, the top of the clamping block is embeddedly mounted with a fiber Bragg grating sensor, the signals of six groups of the fiber Bragg grating sensors and the micro pressure sensors are input into the same cooperative control system, the cooperative control system sends differentiated correction instructions to each group of small servo electric cylinders according to the part space position deviation data detected by the six groups of fiber Bragg grating sensors and the contact pressure data detected by the six groups of micro pressure sensors, and compares the preset assembly reference to realize multi-point cooperative correction of the part position before assembly.

[0005] Preferably, the bottom surface of the base platform is centrally connected with a shaft seat through a bolt, and six groups of second hinged blocks are fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the base platform, the six groups of second hinged blocks are uniformly distributed around the circumferential direction of the base platform, and the inside of the second hinged blocks is rotationally connected with linkage rods through pin shafts.

[0006] Preferably, the bottom of the gantry is rotationally connected with a locking screw through a bearing, the bottom end of the locking screw is fixedly connected with the output shaft of a servo motor, six groups of first hinged blocks are uniformly distributed around the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve, and the inside of the first hinged blocks is rotationally connected with connecting plates through pin shafts.

[0007] Preferably, the flatness of the top surface of the base platform is within 0.01mm, and the top surface of the base platform is placed with a bell jar wind cap alloy wear-resistant cover to be processed, and the outer surface profile of the flexible contact pad is matched with the bell jar wind cap alloy wear-resistant cover to be processed.

[0008] Preferably, the inside of the hinged seat is rotationally connected with two hinged plates through pin shafts, the outer surfaces of the two hinged plates are connected with one support frame plate through countersunk screws, and the top surface of the support frame plate is provided with a circular hole, and the telescopic end of a small servo electric cylinder is inserted into the circular hole.

[0009] Preferably, the inclined surface of the first wedge has a T-shaped sliding block, the inclined surface of the second wedge is provided with a T-shaped groove, and the T-shaped sliding block of the first wedge is slidingly connected in the T-shaped groove of the second wedge.

[0010] Preferably, the outer surface of the hinge plate has two straight grooves that slide in contact with the guide rods within the two straight grooves. The top surface of the substrate has a recessed groove into which a clamping block is inserted. A locking bolt is threaded to the side of the substrate and abuts against the clamping block.

[0011] Preferably, the miniature pressure sensor adopts a piezoelectric thin film structure with a thickness not exceeding 25 μm, a sensitivity not less than 10 mV / μm, a response time less than 100 μs, and an operating temperature range of -40℃ to +200℃. The miniature pressure sensor is electrically connected to the data acquisition module of the external control system through a shielded wire. The shielded wire is embedded in a preset wire channel inside the flexible contact pad, and the sensing surface of the miniature pressure sensor is flush with the outer surface of the flexible contact pad. The edge of the sensing surface is provided with a 0.5 mm wide rounded corner transition structure.

[0012] Preferably, the miniature piezoelectric ceramic actuator has dimensions of 10mm×10mm×2mm, a maximum output force of not less than 50N, a maximum stroke of not less than 50μm, a control accuracy of ±1nm, and a response time of less than 1ms. The end of the miniature piezoelectric ceramic actuator away from the miniature pressure sensor is fixed in a stepped hole inside the substrate by a positioning pin. A 0.1mm thick beryllium copper elastic gasket is provided between the stepped hole and the miniature piezoelectric ceramic actuator. The signal interface of the miniature piezoelectric ceramic actuator is electrically connected to the actuator driver of the external control system through a dedicated drive cable.

[0013] Preferably, the fiber Bragg grating sensor has a measurement accuracy of ±1μm, a response frequency of not less than 1kHz, an operating wavelength range of 1520nm-1570nm, and a grating length of 10mm. The fiber Bragg grating sensor is encapsulated in a slot on the top of the clamping block with epoxy resin. Both the input and output ends of the fiber Bragg grating sensor are connected to single-mode optical fibers. The single-mode optical fibers pass through a wire hole on the side of the clamping block and extend to the outside, communicating with the signal conditioning circuit of the dynamic compensation system of the control system. At the same time, the signals of the miniature pressure sensor, the miniature piezoelectric ceramic actuator, and the fiber Bragg grating sensor are all connected to the same collaborative control system.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the clamping device for assembling and correcting the alloy wear-resistant cover of the bell hood has the following advantages: I. This invention achieves the coordinated function of intelligent correction of part position deviation before assembly and precise control of clamping force. The device relies on fiber optic grating sensors to detect the spatial position deviation and local deformation of the part at six sets of clamping points in real time. Combined with the contact pressure signal collected by the miniature pressure sensor, the control system performs comprehensive analysis by comparing with the preset assembly reference. When the part position deviation is detected to exceed the assembly tolerance range, the wedge structure driven by the small servo electric cylinder realizes the step-by-step correction and adjustment of the part position and precise control of the clamping force, correcting the part spatial position to the accuracy range required by the assembly reference, avoiding stress concentration deformation caused by assembly deviation and rigid clamping. At the same time, the miniature piezoelectric ceramic actuator, with a control accuracy of ±1nm and a response speed of less than 1ms, performs micron-level compensation and correction for the small deviation of the part position and the small fluctuation of the clamping force during the correction process. With the buffering effect of the flexible contact pad, it ensures that the position accuracy and attitude accuracy of the part before assembly meet the requirements of subsequent assembly. It not only ensures the assembly accuracy and clamping stability, but also effectively protects the thin-walled, low-rigidity alloy wear-resistant workpiece, providing a precise part position reference for subsequent assembly operations.

[0015] II. This invention achieves dynamic monitoring and multi-point collaborative correction during the assembly and correction process. Six sets of clamping and snapping components are evenly distributed around the circumference of the part. Each set is equipped with a fiber optic grating sensor and a miniature pressure sensor to form a collaborative monitoring network. The former captures the spatial position deviation and minute deformation of various parts of the part at six monitoring points with an accuracy of ±1μm, while the latter accurately feeds back the pressure changes at each point. Both types of signals are transmitted synchronously to the collaborative control system, enabling comprehensive real-time control of the part's assembly posture and clamping state. The control system determines the overall position deviation, local tilt, and asymmetric deformation of the part by comparing the six sets of monitoring data, and sends signals to each set of small servo electric cylinders and miniature piezoelectric ceramic actuators respectively. The device sends differentiated correction commands to achieve precise position correction through multi-point coordination. It is adaptable to assembly and processing environments ranging from -40℃ to +200℃. Shielded wires and dedicated drive cables effectively resist electromagnetic interference and ensure accurate signal transmission. Whether it is initial position correction before assembly, initial positioning, or dynamic adjustment during processing, it can quickly respond and correct deviations. Especially when assembling and machining thin-walled curved parts such as bell jars, wind caps, and alloy wear-resistant covers on CNC machine tools, it can correct the position of the parts to the reference requirements before assembly and effectively control and compensate for the position deviation and processing deformation of the workpiece while ensuring sufficient clamping force during processing. This achieves high-precision, high-consistency assembly correction and integrated batch processing.

[0016] Other advantages, objectives and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination or study, or may be learned from the practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention after removing the base platform; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the clamping buckle assembly in this invention; Figure 5 This is a partially exploded exploded view of the clamping buckle assembly in this invention; Figure 6 This is a block diagram of the assembly correction and control logic of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Base platform; 2. Shaft seat; 3. Gantry frame; 4. Locking screw; 5. Sleeve; 6. First hinge block; 7. Clamping buckle assembly; 701. Connecting plate; 702. Linkage rod; 703. Hinge seat; 704. Hinge plate; 705. Support frame plate; 706. Small servo electric cylinder; 707. First wedge; 708. Second wedge; 709. Guide rod; 710. Base plate; 711. Clamping block; 712. Flexible contact pad; 713. Miniature pressure sensor; 714. Miniature piezoelectric ceramic actuator; 715. Fiber optic grating sensor; 8. Servo motor; 9. Second hinge block. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] like Figures 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a clamping device for assembling and correcting an alloy anti-wear cover for a bell hood, comprising a base platform 1, a bearing 2 and a gantry 3 connected to the lower surface of the base platform 1 by bolts, a locking screw 4 rotatably connected inside the bearing 2, a sleeve 5 rotatably connected to the outer surface of the locking screw 4, six sets of first hinge blocks 6 fixedly connected around the outer circumference of the sleeve 5, a clamping buckle assembly 7 rotatably connected to the inner side of the first hinge block 6 by a pin, and a servo motor 8 connected to the bottom surface of the gantry 3 by bolts; The clamping and latching assembly 7 includes a connecting plate 701. One end of the connecting plate 701 is rotatably connected to a linkage rod 702 via a pin. The top end of the linkage rod 702 is fixedly connected to a hinge seat 703. The interior of the hinge seat 703 is rotatably connected to a hinge plate 704 via a pin. The outer surface of the hinge plate 704 is connected to a support frame plate 705 via countersunk screws. The top surface of the support frame plate 705 is connected to a small servo electric cylinder 706 via screws. The telescopic end of the small servo electric cylinder 706 is connected to a first wedge block 707 via screws. A second wedge block 708 is slidably connected to the inclined surface of the first wedge block 707. Guide rods 709 are threaded to both sides of the second wedge block 708. A base plate 710 is connected to one side of the second wedge block 708 relative to its inclined surface via countersunk screws. A clamping block is snapped into the interior of the base plate 710. 711, a flexible contact pad 712 is attached to the outer surface of the clamping block 711, a micro pressure sensor 713 is embedded inside the flexible contact pad 712, one end of the micro pressure sensor 713 contacts the micro piezoelectric ceramic actuator 714, a fiber optic grating sensor 715 is embedded in the top of the clamping block 711, the signals of the six sets of fiber optic grating sensors (715) and the six sets of micro pressure sensors (713) are all connected to the same collaborative control system, the collaborative control system sends differentiated correction commands to each set of small servo electric cylinders (706) after comparing the part spatial position deviation data detected by the six sets of fiber optic grating sensors (715) and the contact pressure data detected by the six sets of micro pressure sensors (713) with the preset assembly benchmark, so as to realize multi-point collaborative correction of the part position before assembly.

[0021] like Figures 1-2 As shown, a bearing 2 is bolted to the center of the bottom surface of the base platform 1, and six sets of second hinge blocks 9 are fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the base platform 1. The six sets of second hinge blocks 9 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the base platform 1, and the interior of the second hinge block 9 is rotatably connected to the linkage rod 702 through a pin.

[0022] The bottom of the gantry 3 is rotatably connected to the locking screw 4 via a bearing. The bottom end of the locking screw 4 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 8. Six sets of first hinge blocks 6 are evenly distributed around the outer circumference of the sleeve 5, and the inside of the first hinge block 6 is rotatably connected to the connecting plate 701 via a pin.

[0023] The bell-shaped wind cap alloy anti-wear cover to be assembled, corrected, and processed is placed on the base platform 1 with a top surface flatness within 0.01mm. At this time, the parts may have spatial position deviations, tilting, or local deformations, which need to be corrected before assembly. Then, the servo motor 8 on the bottom surface of the gantry 3 is started by the control system. Its output shaft drives the locking screw 4 to rotate, causing the sleeve 5 to move axially along the locking screw 4. The six sets of first hinge blocks 6 on the outer circumference of the sleeve 5 are linked together, driving the connecting plate 701 of the clamping buckle assembly 7 to rotate through the pin. The connecting plate 701 then drives the linkage rod 702 to rotate around the axis hinged to the second hinge block 9, thereby pushing the hinge seat 703 and the connected hinge plate 704, support frame plate 705, and other components closer to the anti-wear cover. Finally, the flexible contact pad 712, whose outer surface of the clamping block 711 conforms to the contour of the anti-wear cover, adheres to the surface of the anti-wear cover. After initial positioning and fixation, the collaborative control system initiates the assembly correction mode. Six sets of fiber optic grating sensors 715 simultaneously collect the part position information at each monitoring point. By calculating the spatial position deviation and local deformation of the part at each point through wavelength signal changes, the control system calculates the spatial position deviation and local deformation of the part at each point. At the same time, the miniature pressure sensor 713 provides feedback on the initial contact pressure at each point. The control system compares the collected six sets of position data with the preset assembly datum to determine the overall position deviation (such as center offset), posture deviation (such as tilt angle), and local deformation (such as a bulge or depression). If the detected position deviation exceeds the assembly tolerance (such as a deviation of >10μm at a certain point), the control system sends a signal to the corresponding... The small servo electric cylinders 706 send differentiated correction commands. For example, if the deviation at point A is large, the advance amount needs to be increased; if the deviation at point B is small, the advance amount needs to be decreased. Each small servo electric cylinder 706 independently drives its own wedge structure according to the command. Through the sliding cooperation of the first wedge 707 and the second wedge 708, a stepped position correction is achieved at the corresponding clamping point, gradually adjusting the part to the assembly reference position. During the correction process, the fiber optic grating sensor 715 and the miniature pressure sensor 713 continuously provide position and pressure signals. The control system monitors the correction effect in real time and dynamically fine-tunes the correction amount at each point until the position deviation of all six sets of monitoring points is ≤±5μm and the part posture meets the assembly requirements. For minor position fluctuations (<5μm) that occur during the correction process, the system will handle them accordingly. The micro piezoelectric ceramic actuator 714 performs micron-level compensation correction with a control accuracy of ±1nm to ensure that the final positional accuracy of the part meets the assembly standard and completes the precise calibration before assembly. The collaborative control system of the device communicates with the CNC system of the CNC machine tool in real time, and synchronizes the calibration completion signal, clamping force data and workpiece deformation data to the machining system. The machining system can dynamically adjust the cutting parameters according to the clamping state to avoid workpiece vibration or deformation caused by sudden changes in cutting force. After machining is completed, the micro piezoelectric ceramic actuator 714 first resets and releases the compensation force, the small servo electric cylinder 706 drives the wedge structure to retract, and the servo motor 8 reverses to drive the clamping buckle assembly 7 to open, realizing automated unloading, greatly reducing process changeover time and improving batch processing efficiency.

[0024] like Figures 3-4 As shown, the flatness of the top surface of the base platform 1 is within 0.01mm, and the bell hood and wind cap alloy anti-wear cover to be processed is placed on the top surface of the base platform 1. The outer surface contour of the flexible contact pad 712 matches the bell hood and wind cap alloy anti-wear cover to be processed.

[0025] The interior of the hinge base 703 is rotatably connected to two hinge plates 704 via pins. The outer surfaces of the two hinge plates 704 are connected to a support frame plate 705 via countersunk screws. A circular hole is opened through the top surface of the support frame plate 705, and the telescopic end of the small servo electric cylinder 706 is inserted into the circular hole.

[0026] The first wedge 707 has a T-shaped slider on its inclined surface, and the second wedge 708 has a T-shaped groove on its inclined surface. The T-shaped slider of the first wedge 707 is slidably connected to the T-shaped groove of the second wedge 708.

[0027] Two straight grooves are formed through the outer surface of the hinge plate 704, and the guide rod 709 slides in the two straight grooves. A groove is formed on the top surface of the substrate 710, and a clamping block 711 is inserted into the groove. A locking bolt is threaded to the side of the substrate 710, and the locking bolt abuts against the clamping block 711.

[0028] After the bell-shaped wind cap alloy anti-wear cover is initially positioned and fixed, the control system receives the signal from the miniature pressure sensor 713, thereby obtaining the clamping force data at the initial fixing point. If it determines that the clamping force needs adjustment, it sends a corresponding action command to the small servo electric cylinder 706. If the clamping force needs to be increased, the telescopic end of the small servo electric cylinder 706 pushes the first wedge 707 downwards. Utilizing the sliding engagement of the T-shaped slider of the first wedge 707 and the T-shaped groove of the second wedge 708, the second wedge 708 moves along the length of the hinge plate 704. The guide rod 709, in conjunction with the straight groove on the outer surface of the hinge plate 704, ensures that the second wedge 708 does not move vertically, but rather moves towards the anti-wear cover. This pushes the base plate 710 and the clamping block 711 to move synchronously, increasing the pressure of the flexible contact pad 712 on the anti-wear cover, thus increasing the clamping force. If... To reduce the clamping force, the telescopic end of the small servo electric cylinder 706 pulls the first wedge 707 upwards to move in the opposite direction, causing the second wedge 708 to slide away from the wear-resistant cover under the guidance of the guide rod 709. The base plate 710 and the clamping block 711 then retract, reducing the pressure of the flexible contact pad 712 on the wear-resistant cover and lowering the clamping force. During this adjustment process, the base platform 1 also acts as a support, fixing the bell-shaped wind cap alloy wear-resistant cover by supporting and controlling it, so that its processing adapter can perform other processing on the top of the bell-shaped wind cap alloy wear-resistant cover. This ensures that the base platform 1 can cooperate with the processing equipment on the top of the bell-shaped wind cap alloy wear-resistant cover to complete the integrated processing operation of the bell-shaped wind cap alloy wear-resistant cover. The miniature pressure sensor 713 continuously collects the contact pressure signal in real time and feeds it back to the control system. The control system continuously fine-tunes the action of the small servo electric cylinder 706 according to the feedback signal until the clamping force reaches the preset appropriate value.

[0029] The advantages of the above adjustment method are that, after the bell hood and wind cap alloy wear-resistant cover are initially fixed, the clamping force can be determined by the pressure signal fed back in real time by the micro pressure sensor 713. Then, it is compared with the clamping force preset by the control system, so that it is easy to adjust according to the preset clamping force. This avoids the deformation of the bell hood and wind cap alloy wear-resistant cover due to stress concentration caused by rigid clamping, and also prevents insufficient flexible clamping force from affecting the processing stability. At the same time, the adjustment process is monitored and corrected in real time by the control system, which can quickly stabilize the clamping force at the preset value. Furthermore, if the clamping force needs to be adjusted again in subsequent processing, and the adjustment range is large and cannot be met by the micro piezoelectric ceramic actuator 714, it can be further adjusted by the small servo electric cylinder 706.

[0030] like Figures 5-6As shown, the miniature pressure sensor 713 adopts a piezoelectric thin film structure with a thickness not exceeding 25μm, a sensitivity not less than 10mV / μm, a response time less than 100μs, and an operating temperature range of -40℃ to +200℃. The miniature pressure sensor 713 is electrically connected to the data acquisition module of the external control system through a shielded wire. The shielded wire is embedded in the pre-set wire channel inside the flexible contact pad 712, and the sensing surface of the miniature pressure sensor 713 is flush with the outer surface of the flexible contact pad 712. The edge of the sensing surface is provided with a 0.5mm wide rounded corner transition structure.

[0031] The miniature pressure sensor 713 employs a piezoelectric thin-film structure with a thickness not exceeding 25 μm. Its sensing surface is flush with the outer surface of the flexible contact pad 712, which is attached to the outer surface of the clamping block 711. The edge of the sensing surface has a 0.5 mm wide rounded corner transition structure. When the flexible contact pad 712 contacts the surface of the anti-wear cover to form a clamping effect, the pressure generated by the anti-wear cover on the flexible contact pad 712 directly acts on the sensing surface of the miniature pressure sensor 713. Because the sensor has a sensitivity of not less than 10 mV / μm and a response time of less than 100 μs, it can quickly and accurately convert the contact pressure into a corresponding electrical signal. Furthermore, its operating temperature range of -40℃ to +200℃ can adapt to changes in the processing environment temperature, ensuring monitoring stability. Additionally, the miniature pressure sensor 713 uses shielded wires embedded in the flexible contact pad 712 with pre-set wire channels to transmit the converted pressure. The electrical signal is transmitted to the data acquisition module of the external control system. The shielded wire can effectively avoid the influence of electromagnetic interference on the signal during the processing, ensuring the accuracy of the monitoring signal. In this process, whether it is the initial clamping force when initially positioning and fixing, or the dynamic change of pressure during subsequent adjustment of the clamping force, the miniature pressure sensor 713 can capture and continuously transmit the pressure signal in real time, so that the control system can keep track of the clamping status of the wear-resistant cover in real time, such as whether the clamping force is too large and causes the risk of workpiece deformation, or whether it is too small and affects the processing stability. This provides accurate data basis for the control system to judge whether the clamping force needs to be adjusted and to send action commands to the small servo electric cylinder 706. Moreover, its signal, together with the signals of the miniature piezoelectric ceramic actuator 714 and the fiber optic grating sensor 715, is connected to the same collaborative control system, further ensuring the synergy and accuracy of clamping status monitoring and control.

[0032] like Figures 5-6As shown, the miniature piezoelectric ceramic actuator 714 has dimensions of 10mm×10mm×2mm, a maximum output force of not less than 50N, a maximum stroke of not less than 50μm, a control accuracy of ±1nm, and a response time of less than 1ms. The end of the miniature piezoelectric ceramic actuator 714 away from the miniature pressure sensor 713 is fixed in a stepped hole inside the substrate 710 by a positioning pin. A 0.1mm thick beryllium copper elastic gasket is provided between the stepped hole and the miniature piezoelectric ceramic actuator 714. The signal interface of the miniature piezoelectric ceramic actuator 714 is electrically connected to the actuator driver of the external control system through a dedicated drive cable.

[0033] During the processing of the bell-shaped wind cap alloy anti-wear cover, the dynamic adjustment of the clamping by the miniature piezoelectric ceramic actuator 714 is achieved through the collaboration of the miniature pressure sensor 713, the fiber optic grating sensor 715, and the control system. The miniature piezoelectric ceramic actuator 714, with a compact size of 10mm×10mm×2mm, is fixed in the stepped hole inside the substrate 710, with the end away from the miniature pressure sensor 713 limited by a positioning pin. During processing, when the miniature pressure sensor 713 detects fluctuations in the clamping force of the anti-wear cover due to processing vibration, temperature changes, etc. (such as abnormal increase or decrease in force value), or the fiber optic grating sensor 715 detects a slight deformation of the anti-wear cover and transmits the signal to the collaborative control system, the control system will combine the feedback data from the two types of sensors to determine the clamping state deviation (such as insufficient clamping force leading to the risk of part displacement, excessive force causing...). To mitigate the risk of deformation, the micro-piezoelectric ceramic actuator 714 sends an adjustment command. Upon receiving the command, the micro-piezoelectric ceramic actuator 714, with a maximum output force of not less than 50N and a maximum stroke of not less than 50μm, generates a small extension and retraction movement towards the micro pressure sensor 713. If it is necessary to increase the local clamping force to counteract the displacement trend of the part, the micro-piezoelectric ceramic actuator 714 extends and pushes the micro pressure sensor 713, indirectly increasing the pressure of the flexible contact pad 712 on the anti-wear cover. If it is necessary to reduce the local clamping force to alleviate the risk of deformation, the micro-piezoelectric ceramic actuator 714 shortens and releases the pressure. Through this micron-level precise extension and retraction, the small deviation of the clamping force is corrected in real time, ensuring that the anti-wear cover is always in a stable clamping state without excessive deformation during the processing, which is suitable for the high requirements of clamping dynamic stability in the precision processing of thin-walled parts.

[0034] like Figures 5-6As shown, the fiber Bragg grating sensor 715 has a measurement accuracy of ±1μm, a response frequency of not less than 1kHz, an operating wavelength range of 1520nm-1570nm, and a grating length of 10mm. The fiber Bragg grating sensor 715 is encapsulated in a slot on the top of the clamping block 711 with epoxy resin. Both the input and output ends of the fiber Bragg grating sensor 715 are connected to single-mode optical fibers. The single-mode optical fibers pass through the wire holes on the side of the clamping block 711 and extend to the outside, communicating with the signal conditioning circuit of the dynamic compensation system of the control system. At the same time, the signals of the miniature pressure sensor 713, the miniature piezoelectric ceramic actuator 714, and the fiber Bragg grating sensor 715 are all connected to the same cooperative control system.

[0035] The fiber optic grating sensor 715 plays a crucial role in monitoring part deformation and ensuring machining accuracy during the processing of the bell-shaped wind cap alloy wear-resistant cover. Specifically, the fiber optic grating sensor 715 is encapsulated in an epoxy resin slot on the top of the clamping block 711. With a measurement accuracy of ±1μm, a response frequency of at least 1kHz, and a working wavelength range of 1520nm-1570nm, it can capture minute deformations of the wear-resistant cover during processing in real time (such as minor deformations caused by clamping force fluctuations, cutting forces, or temperature changes), and convert these deformations into corresponding wavelength signals based on changes in grating length. This signal is then transmitted via a connected single-mode optical fiber to... The dynamic compensation system signal conditioning circuit of the control system, together with the pressure signal fed back by the miniature pressure sensor 713, is connected to the same collaborative control system. The control system can comprehensively judge the clamping stability of the anti-wear cover by combining the two types of signals. If the fiber optic grating sensor 715 detects that the deformation exceeds the preset threshold, it indicates that the current clamping force may be too large (causing part deformation) or too small (causing processing vibration to cause deformation). At this time, the control system will link the miniature piezoelectric ceramic actuator 714 to perform micron-level precise extension and retraction adjustment, correct the clamping state in time, avoid the deformation of the part from affecting the processing accuracy, and adapt to the stringent requirements of precision machining for thin-walled, low-rigidity bell-shaped wind cap alloy anti-wear cover.

[0036] Working principle: I. Pre-assembly preparation and initial positioning of parts First, by installing the flange at the bottom of the device onto the assembly workbench, the bell-shaped wind cap alloy anti-wear cover to be assembled is placed on the base platform 1 with a top surface flatness of less than 0.01mm, completing the initial placement of the part. The servo motor 8 on the bottom surface of the gantry 3 is started by the control system, and its output shaft drives the locking screw 4 to rotate, causing the sleeve 5 to move axially along the locking screw 4. The six sets of first hinge blocks 6 on the outer circumference of the sleeve 5 are linked together, and the connecting plate 701 of the clamping buckle assembly 7 is driven to rotate through the pin shaft. The connecting plate 701 drives the linkage rod 702 to rotate around the axis hinged to the second hinge block 9, pushing the hinge seat 703 and the connected hinge plate 704, support frame plate 705 and other components closer to the anti-wear cover, until the flexible contact pad 712 on the outer surface of the clamping block 711 fits the contour of the anti-wear cover and adheres to the surface of the anti-wear cover, completing the initial positioning and fixing of the part.

[0037] II. Part Position Correction and Attitude Adjustment After initial positioning and fixation, the miniature pressure sensor 713 and the fiber optic grating sensor 715 start monitoring simultaneously: the miniature pressure sensor 713 collects the initial contact pressure signal, and the fiber optic grating sensor 715 monitors the initial deformation and position status of the part. The two types of signals are transmitted to the collaborative control system in real time. The control system compares and analyzes the monitoring data with the preset assembly parameters (including preset clamping force, standard position coordinates of the part, allowable deformation range, etc.) to determine whether there is a deviation in the current position of the part or whether the posture is incorrect.

[0038] If it is determined that the part position needs to be corrected, the control system sends a correction command to the small servo electric cylinder 706: when the part position needs to be adjusted in a certain direction, the small servo electric cylinder 706 at the corresponding position pushes the first wedge 707 to move. Through the cooperation of the T-shaped slider and the T-shaped groove, the second wedge 708 is driven to move precisely along the guide rod 709. This drives the base plate 710 and the clamping block 711 to move in tandem, so that the contact pressure and position of the flexible contact pad 712 on the anti-wear cover change, thereby realizing the orientation correction of the part position. Since the six sets of clamping buckle assemblies 7 can be controlled independently, the action stroke and speed of each set of small servo electric cylinders 706 can be coordinated by the collaborative control system to realize multi-dimensional position correction of the part (including radial displacement correction, axial displacement correction and attitude angle fine adjustment) until the part position and attitude meet the assembly requirements.

[0039] III. Dynamic monitoring and micron-level compensation during assembly During the assembly and fixing of parts, the miniature pressure sensor 713 and the fiber optic grating sensor 715 continuously monitor in real time: the miniature pressure sensor 713 monitors the contact pressure fluctuations at each clamping point, and the fiber optic grating sensor 715 captures the minute deformations or positional shifts of the parts caused by assembly stress. When the following conditions are detected, the collaborative control system activates the dynamic compensation mechanism: If the miniature pressure sensor 713 detects an abnormal increase or decrease in contact pressure at a certain point, it indicates that there may be assembly stress concentration or part displacement trend at that point.

[0040] If the fiber optic grating sensor 715 detects that the deformation of the part exceeds the preset threshold (e.g., ±1μm), it indicates that the current assembly state may cause the part to deform.

[0041] If the combined analysis of the monitoring data from the two types of sensors shows that the part's position deviates from the assembly reference.

[0042] At this time, the control system sends a fine-tuning command to the micro piezoelectric ceramic actuator 714. The actuator, with a control accuracy of ±1nm and a response speed of less than 1ms, compensates for the clamping force and part position in real time through micron-level extension and retraction: when it is necessary to increase the local contact pressure to stabilize the part position, the micro piezoelectric ceramic actuator 714 extends to push the micro pressure sensor 713, indirectly increasing the pressure of the flexible contact pad 712 on the anti-wear cover; when it is necessary to reduce the local pressure to release assembly stress, the micro piezoelectric ceramic actuator 714 shortens to release the pressure. Through this micron-level precise dynamic compensation, it is ensured that the part always remains in the correct position and in a stable state without excessive assembly stress during the assembly process.

[0043] IV. Assembly Completion and Quality Confirmation When the collaborative control system detects that the contact pressure of all clamping points is stable within the preset range, and the fiber optic grating sensor 715 shows that the deformation of the part is within the allowable range and the positional deviation meets the assembly accuracy requirements, the system determines that the assembly correction is complete. The device maintains the current clamping state and completes the final fixed connection between the part and the main equipment. After the assembly is completed, the miniature piezoelectric ceramic actuator 714 first resets and releases the compensation force, the small servo electric cylinder 706 drives the wedge structure to retract, and the servo motor 8 reverses to drive the clamping buckle assembly 7 to open, realizing automatic unloading after assembly, greatly reducing the assembly process switching time and improving the batch assembly efficiency.

[0044] Throughout the assembly and calibration process, the device achieves high-precision position correction, assembly stress control, and dynamic compensation for thin-walled curved parts through real-time monitoring by sensors, intelligent judgment by the control system, and precise action of the actuators, thus meeting the assembly technical requirements for precision parts such as bell jars, wind caps, and alloy wear-resistant covers.

[0045] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A clamping device for assembling and correcting an alloy abrasion-resistant cover for a bell-shaped wind cap, comprising a base platform (1), characterized in that: The lower surface of the base platform (1) is connected to the bearing seat (2) and the gantry frame (3) by bolts. The bearing seat (2) is rotatably connected to the inside of the bearing seat (4). The outer surface of the locking screw (4) is rotatably connected to the sleeve (5). The outer circumferential surface of the sleeve (5) is fixedly connected to six sets of first hinge blocks (6) around its circumference. The inner side of the first hinge block (6) is rotatably connected to the clamping buckle assembly (7) by a pin. The bottom surface of the gantry frame (3) is connected to the servo motor (8) by bolts. The clamping buckle assembly (7) includes a connecting plate (701). One end of the connecting plate (701) is rotatably connected to a linkage rod (702) via a pin. The top end of the linkage rod (702) is fixedly connected to a hinge seat (703). The interior of the hinge seat (703) is rotatably connected to a hinge plate (704) via a pin. The outer surface of the hinge plate (704) is connected to a support frame plate (705) via countersunk screws. The top surface of the support frame plate (705) is connected to a small servo electric cylinder (706) via screws. The telescopic end of the small servo electric cylinder (706) is connected to a first wedge (707) via screws. A second wedge (708) is slidably connected to the inclined surface of the first wedge (707). Guide rods (709) are threaded to both sides of the second wedge (708). A base plate (710) is connected to one side of the second wedge (708) relative to its inclined surface via countersunk screws. The substrate (710) has a clamping block (711) inside, and a flexible contact pad (712) is attached to the outer surface of the clamping block (711). A micro pressure sensor (713) is embedded inside the flexible contact pad (712). One end of the micro pressure sensor (713) contacts a micro piezoelectric ceramic actuator (714). A fiber optic grating sensor (715) is embedded on the top of the clamping block (711). The signals of the six fiber optic grating sensors (715) and the six micro pressure sensors (713) are all connected to the same collaborative control system. The collaborative control system sends differentiated correction commands to each group of small servo electric cylinders (706) after comparing the part spatial position deviation data detected by the six fiber optic grating sensors (715) and the contact pressure data detected by the six micro pressure sensors (713) with the preset assembly benchmark, so as to realize multi-point collaborative correction of the part position before assembly.

2. The clamping device for assembling and correcting the alloy wear-resistant cover of a bell hood according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom center of the base platform (1) is connected to a bearing seat (2) by bolts, and six sets of second hinge blocks (9) are fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the base platform (1). The six sets of second hinge blocks (9) are evenly distributed around the circumference of the base platform (1), and the interior of the second hinge block (9) is rotatably connected to the linkage rod (702) by a pin.

3. The clamping device for assembling and correcting the alloy wear-resistant cover of a bell jar wind cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the gantry (3) is rotatably connected to the locking screw (4) via a bearing. The bottom end of the locking screw (4) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor (8). Six sets of the first hinge blocks (6) are evenly distributed around the outer circumference of the sleeve (5), and the interior of the first hinge block (6) is rotatably connected to the connecting plate (701) via a pin.

4. The clamping device for assembling and correcting the alloy wear-resistant cover of a bell jar / wind cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flatness of the top surface of the base platform (1) is within 0.01mm, and the bell hood and wind cap alloy anti-wear cover to be processed is placed on the top surface of the base platform (1), and the outer surface contour of the flexible contact pad (712) fits the bell hood and wind cap alloy anti-wear cover to be processed.

5. The clamping device for assembling and correcting the alloy wear-resistant cover of a bell hood according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hinge base (703) is internally connected to two hinge plates (704) by a pin. The outer surfaces of the two hinge plates (704) are connected to a support frame plate (705) by countersunk screws. A circular hole is opened through the top surface of the support frame plate (705), and the telescopic end of a small servo electric cylinder (706) is inserted into the circular hole.

6. The clamping device for assembling and correcting the alloy abrasion-resistant cover of a bell hood according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first wedge (707) has a T-shaped slider on its inclined surface, and the second wedge (708) has a T-shaped groove on its inclined surface. The T-shaped slider of the first wedge (707) is slidably connected to the T-shaped groove of the second wedge (708).

7. The clamping device for assembling and correcting the alloy wear-resistant cover of a bell hood according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two straight grooves are formed through the outer surface of the hinge plate (704), and the guide rod (709) slides in the two straight grooves. A groove is formed on the top surface of the base plate (710), and a clamping block (711) is inserted into the groove. A locking bolt is threaded to the side of the base plate (710), and the locking bolt abuts against the clamping block (711).

8. The clamping device for assembling and correcting the alloy wear-resistant cover of a bell hood according to claim 1, characterized in that: The miniature pressure sensor (713) adopts a piezoelectric thin film structure with a thickness not exceeding 25 μm, a sensitivity not less than 10 mV / μm, a response time less than 100 μs, and an operating temperature range of -40℃ to +200℃. The miniature pressure sensor (713) is electrically connected to the data acquisition module of the external control system through a shielded wire. The shielded wire is embedded in the preset wire channel inside the flexible contact pad (712), and the sensing surface of the miniature pressure sensor (713) is flush with the outer surface of the flexible contact pad (712). A 0.5 mm wide rounded corner transition structure is provided at the edge of the sensing surface.

9. A clamping device for assembling and correcting an alloy abrasion-resistant cover for a bell jar / wind cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The miniature piezoelectric ceramic actuator (714) has dimensions of 10mm×10mm×2mm, a maximum output force of not less than 50N, a maximum stroke of not less than 50μm, a control accuracy of ±1nm, and a response time of less than 1ms. The end of the miniature piezoelectric ceramic actuator (714) away from the miniature pressure sensor (713) is fixed in the stepped hole inside the substrate (710) by a positioning pin. A 0.1mm thick beryllium copper elastic gasket is provided between the stepped hole and the miniature piezoelectric ceramic actuator (714). The signal interface of the miniature piezoelectric ceramic actuator (714) is electrically connected to the actuator driver of the external control system through a dedicated drive cable.

10. A clamping device for assembling and correcting an alloy abrasion-resistant cover for a bell jar / wind cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber Bragg grating sensor (715) has a measurement accuracy of ±1μm, a response frequency of not less than 1kHz, a working wavelength range of 1520nm-1570nm, and a grating length of 10mm. The fiber Bragg grating sensor (715) is encapsulated in the slot on the top of the clamping block (711) with epoxy resin. Both the input and output ends of the fiber Bragg grating sensor (715) are connected to single-mode optical fibers. The single-mode optical fibers pass through the wire holes on the side of the clamping block (711) and extend to the outside, communicating with the signal conditioning circuit of the dynamic compensation system of the control system. At the same time, the signals of the miniature pressure sensor (713), the miniature piezoelectric ceramic actuator (714), and the fiber Bragg grating sensor (715) are all connected to the same collaborative control system.

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