Fertilizer for promoting and improving immunity of plants and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a fertilizer for promoting and improving the immunity of plants and a preparation method, and relates to the field of fertilizers. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing, smashing and grinding earthworms, eucalyptus leaves, wheat leaves and hawthorn leaves, putting into an ethanol solution, oscillating for 20-24 hours in a shaking table, and centrifugally filtering to obtain an active extracting solution; adding a sodium alginate solution into the suspended bacteria solution and the active extracting solution, and slowly adding carboxymethyl chitosan and a calcium chloride solution; and preparing. According to the invention, the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria are fixed in the composite hydrogel, and the composite hydrogel can promote colonization of strains at plant root tips and lateral roots so as to regulate deposition of endothelial cell suberite, optimize mineral nutrition balance and abiotic stress response of plants and improve accumulation of auxin at the root tips; meanwhile, an active extracting solution is added into the composite hydrogel, immune response can be activated, and the metabolic activity and antioxidant activity of plants are greatly improved in combination with extracts of other substances.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fertilizers, in particular to a fertilizer for improving plant immunity and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, with the concept of pollution-free food, green food, organic agriculture and other concepts, the global attention to the development of green and organic agriculture has been increasing, especially developed countries have made significant progress in the field of organic agriculture and environmental protection. The international community continues to integrate high-tech into the circular development of agriculture, significantly improves the efficiency of agricultural production, effectively controls the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers, realizes the unity of agricultural ecological environment protection and production system, and emphasizes the protection of agricultural product safety and quality. At the same time, the international community also advocates the production of organic ecological products combined with the characteristics of traditional agriculture, promotes the coordinated development of ecological agriculture and organic agriculture, and advocates the combination of farming and animal husbandry to promote the green and sustainable development of agriculture. However, there are still many chemical fertilizers in the prior art, which can cause the quality of plants to decrease, the disease resistance and stress resistance of plants to weaken, and new diseases to occur in various plants, and the original advantages of the varieties are lost. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a fertilizer for improving plant immunity. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to at least solve one of the problems in the prior art, and provides a fertilizer for improving plant immunity and a preparation method thereof.

[0004] The technical solution of the present application is as follows: A preparation method of a fertilizer for improving plant immunity, comprising the following steps: S1: preparing a plant rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria strain into a bacterial suspension; S2: breaking and washing earthworms, mixing and crushing eucalyptus leaves, wheat leaves and hawthorn leaves, and grinding them, then putting them into 1.5-2 times volume of ethanol solution, shaking bed oscillation for 20-24 hours, centrifugal filtration, taking the filtrate, and preparing an active extract; S3: dissolving sodium alginate in water to obtain a sodium alginate solution, adding the sodium alginate solution into the bacterial suspension and the active extract, and slowly adding carboxymethyl chitosan and calcium chloride solution; obtaining the fertilizer.

[0005] Preferably, in step S1, the plant rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria is Pseudomonas fluorescens.

[0006] Preferably, in step S2, the mass ratio of the earthworms, eucalyptus leaves, wheat leaves and hawthorn leaves is 3-8:3-4:3-5:3-6.

[0007] Preferably, in step S2, the volume concentration of the ethanol solution is 50-70%.

[0008] Preferably, in step S3, the mass ratio of sodium alginate to carboxymethyl chitosan is 3-5:1.

[0009] Preferably, in step S3, the concentration of the sodium alginate solution is 10-20 g / L; and the concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 1-4 g / L.

[0010] The application further discloses a fertilizer for promoting plant immunity, which is prepared by the method.

[0011] The application further discloses a use method of the fertilizer for promoting plant immunity, which comprises the following steps: burying the fertilizer around the roots of crops.

[0012] The application has the following beneficial effects: The application can fix the plant rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria in the composite hydrogel, the composite hydrogel can promote the colonization of the bacteria in the plant root tip and lateral root, thereby adjusting the deposition of suberin in endothelial cells, optimizing the mineral nutrient balance and abiotic stress response of the plant, and improving the accumulation of auxin in the root tip; meanwhile, the active extract is added in the composite hydrogel, the active extract contains earthworm extract (active peptide), can improve the activity of receptor protein in the plant cytoplasmic membrane, can activate the immune response, and in combination with other plant extracts, has rich active substances, greatly improves the metabolic activity and antioxidant activity of the plant, and therefore, greatly improves the yield of crops, and the composite hydrogel can also reduce the activity loss of endogenous bacteria in an acidic environment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The embodiments of the application are described in detail below. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain the application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the application. If the specific technology or condition is not indicated in the embodiments, the technology or condition described in the literature in the art or according to the product instruction is used. If the reagent or instrument is not indicated by the manufacturer, it is a conventional product that can be obtained by market purchase.

[0014] Embodiment 1 A method for preparing a fertilizer for promoting plant immunity, comprising the following steps: S1: preparing a plant rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria strain into a bacterial suspension; S2: putting earthworms after breaking and washing, mixing and crushing eucalyptus leaves, wheat leaves and hawthorn leaves, and grinding, into 2 times the volume of an ethanol solution, oscillating on a shaking table for 24 hours, centrifuging and filtering, and taking the filtrate to prepare an active extract; S3: Dissolve sodium alginate in water to obtain sodium alginate solution. Add sodium alginate solution to bacterial suspension and active extract, and slowly add carboxymethyl chitosan and calcium chloride solution to obtain fertilizer.

[0015] In step S1, the plant rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria is Pseudomonas fluorescens.

[0016] In step S2, the mass ratio of the earthworm, eucalyptus leaves, wheat leaves, and hawthorn leaves is 4:3:3:3.

[0017] In step S2, the volume concentration of the ethanol solution is 70%.

[0018] In step S3, the mass ratio of sodium alginate to carboxymethyl chitosan is 3:1.

[0019] In step S3, the concentration of sodium alginate solution is 10 g / L; the concentration of calcium chloride solution is 4 g / L.

[0020] Example 2 A method for preparing a fertilizer that promotes and enhances plant immunity includes the following steps: S1: Prepare a suspension of plant rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria strains; S2: After gutting and washing the earthworms, mix them with eucalyptus leaves, wheat leaves and hawthorn leaves, crush and grind them, put them into 2 times the volume of ethanol solution, shake on a shaker for 4 hours, centrifuge and filter, take the filtrate, and obtain the active extract. S3: Dissolve sodium alginate in water to obtain sodium alginate solution. Add sodium alginate solution to bacterial suspension and active extract, and slowly add carboxymethyl chitosan and calcium chloride solution to obtain fertilizer.

[0021] In step S1, the plant rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria is Pseudomonas fluorescens.

[0022] In step S2, the mass ratio of the earthworm, eucalyptus leaves, wheat leaves, and hawthorn leaves is 5:3:3:3.

[0023] In step S2, the volume concentration of the ethanol solution is 50%.

[0024] In step S3, the mass ratio of sodium alginate to carboxymethyl chitosan is 4:1.

[0025] In step S3, the concentration of sodium alginate solution is 10 g / L; the concentration of calcium chloride solution is 2 g / L.

[0026] Example 3 A method for preparing a fertilizer that promotes and enhances plant immunity includes the following steps: S1: a plant growth promoting rhizobacteria strain is prepared into a bacterial suspension; S2: earthworms are broken, washed, mixed with eucalyptus leaves, wheat leaves and hawthorn leaves, crushed and ground, then put into 2 times the volume of ethanol solution, shaken for 24 hours, centrifuged and filtered, and the filtrate is taken to prepare an active extract; S3: sodium alginate is dissolved in water to obtain a sodium alginate solution, the sodium alginate solution is added to the bacterial suspension and the active extract, and carboxymethyl chitosan and calcium chloride solution are slowly added; a fertilizer is obtained.

[0027] In step S1, the plant growth promoting rhizobacteria is Pseudomonas fluorescens.

[0028] In step S2, the mass ratio of earthworms, eucalyptus leaves, wheat leaves and hawthorn leaves is 3:4:3:6.

[0029] In step S2, the volume concentration of the ethanol solution is 70%.

[0030] In step S3, the mass ratio of sodium alginate to carboxymethyl chitosan is 3:1.

[0031] In step S3, the concentration of the sodium alginate solution is 10 g / L, and the concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 3 g / L.

[0032] Example 4 A method for preparing a fertilizer for promoting plant immunity, comprising the following steps: S1: a plant growth promoting rhizobacteria strain is prepared into a bacterial suspension; S2: earthworms are broken, washed, mixed with eucalyptus leaves, wheat leaves and hawthorn leaves, crushed and ground, then put into 2 times the volume of ethanol solution, shaken for 24 hours, centrifuged and filtered, and the filtrate is taken to prepare an active extract; S3: sodium alginate is dissolved in water to obtain a sodium alginate solution, the sodium alginate solution is added to the bacterial suspension and the active extract, and carboxymethyl chitosan and calcium chloride solution are slowly added; a fertilizer is obtained.

[0033] In step S1, the plant growth promoting rhizobacteria is Pseudomonas fluorescens.

[0034] In step S2, the mass ratio of earthworms, eucalyptus leaves, wheat leaves and hawthorn leaves is 6:3:3:4.

[0035] In step S2, the volume concentration of the ethanol solution is 70%.

[0036] In step S3, the mass ratio of sodium alginate to carboxymethyl chitosan is 5:1.

[0037] In step S3, the concentration of the sodium alginate solution is 10 g / L; and the concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 3 g / L.

[0038] Example 5 A method for preparing a fertilizer for promoting plant immunity, comprising the following steps: S1: preparing a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria strain into a bacterial suspension; S2: breaking and washing earthworms, mixing and crushing eucalyptus leaves, wheat leaves and hawthorn leaves, and then grinding them, and then putting them into 1.5 times the volume of an ethanol solution, and then shaking bed oscillation for 22 hours, and then centrifugal filtration, and then taking the filtrate to obtain an active extract; S3: dissolving sodium alginate in water to obtain a sodium alginate solution, and then adding the sodium alginate solution into the bacterial suspension and the active extract, and then slowly adding carboxymethyl chitosan and a calcium chloride solution; and then obtaining the fertilizer.

[0039] In step S1, the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria is Pseudomonas fluorescens.

[0040] In step S2, the mass ratio of the earthworms, eucalyptus leaves, wheat leaves and hawthorn leaves is 8:3:5:6.

[0041] In step S2, the volume concentration of the ethanol solution is 70%.

[0042] In step S3, the mass ratio of sodium alginate to carboxymethyl chitosan is 5:1.

[0043] In step S3, the concentration of the sodium alginate solution is 20 g / L; and the concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 3 g / L.

[0044] Comparative Example 1 Different from Example 1, the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria is directly mixed with the active extract to obtain a liquid fertilizer.

[0045] Comparative Example 2 Different from Example 1, the active extract is not added.

[0046] In the young tree stage and the initial fruiting stage of apple trees, the fertilizer is buried around the roots of the fruit trees, and the application amount is 5 kg per plant. Specifically, a circular or radial ditch is dug in the soil around the roots of the trees, and the fertilization depth is preferably 15 centimeters. Compared with ordinary fertilization (conventional compound fertilizer), the rough bark disease and the small leaf disease are improved (reduced). The results are shown in Table 1.

[0047] Table 1: Performance test results of examples and comparative examples From the above table, it can be seen that the effect of the fertilizer applied in the examples is better than that of the comparative examples, and the main reasons are as follows The embodiment can promote the colonization of the strain at the plant root tip and lateral root by fixing the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in the composite hydrogel, thereby regulating the deposition of suberin in endothelial cells, optimizing the mineral nutrient balance and abiotic stress response of the plant, and improving the accumulation of auxin at the root tip; meanwhile, the active extract is added in the composite hydrogel, which contains earthworm extract (active peptide) and can improve the activity of cytoplasmic membrane recognition receptor protein of the plant, activate the immune response, and further combine with other plant extracts, has rich active substances, greatly improves the metabolic activity and antioxidant activity of the plant, and thus greatly improves the crop yield; and the composite hydrogel can also reduce the activity loss of the endogenous strain in the acidic environment, thereby reducing the incidence of fruit trees and improving the crop yield.

[0048] The above-described embodiments only express the preferred embodiments of the present application, which are described in a more specific and detailed manner, but should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of the patent of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various corresponding changes and modifications can be made to the above-described technical solutions and concepts, and all these changes and modifications should belong to the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a fertilizer for promoting the improvement of plant immunity, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1: preparing a plant growth promoting rhizobacteria strain into a bacterial suspension; S2: breaking and washing earthworms, mixing and crushing eucalyptus leaves, wheat leaves and hawthorn leaves, and then grinding them, and then putting them into 1.5-2 times volume of ethanol solution, and then oscillating them on a shaker for 20-24 hours, and then centrifuging and filtering them, and then taking the filtrate to prepare an active extract; S3: dissolving sodium alginate in water to obtain a sodium alginate solution, and then adding the sodium alginate solution into the bacterial suspension and the active extract, and then slowly adding carboxymethyl chitosan and calcium chloride solution to obtain the fertilizer.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, In step S1, the plant growth promoting rhizobacteria is Pseudomonas fluorescens.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, In step S2, the mass ratio of the earthworms, eucalyptus leaves, wheat leaves and hawthorn leaves is 3-8:3-4:3-5:3-6.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, In step S2, the volume concentration of the ethanol solution is 50-70%.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, In step S3, the mass ratio of the sodium alginate and the carboxymethyl chitosan is 3-5:

1.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, In step S3, the concentration of the sodium alginate solution is 10-20 g / L, and the concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 1-4 g / L.

7. A fertilizer for promoting enhancement of immunity of a plant, characterized by comprising a microorganism of the genus Bacillus. The fertilizer is prepared by using the preparation method in any one of claims 1-6.

8. The method of using the fertilizer for promoting the improvement of the immunity of the plant according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fertilizer is buried around the roots of crops.

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