Waveguide antenna switching structure and test tool thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a waveguide antenna switching structure and a test tool thereof, and belongs to the technical field of waveguides, the waveguide antenna switching structure comprises a bottom layer plate and a top layer plate, the middle side of the top layer plate is fixedly provided with a first rectangular protrusion, and the first rectangular protrusion is provided with a plurality of through waveguide output ports; a plurality of positioning holes are formed in the top layer plate along the diagonal positions of the first rectangular protrusions and used for fixing a waveguide antenna to be tested, so that a waveguide output port is aligned with a waveguide port of the waveguide antenna to be tested, a plurality of first threaded through holes are formed in the outer edge of the top layer plate, and a plurality of arc-shaped waveguide transmission groove lines are formed in the upper surface of the bottom layer plate. Through the mode, the test efficiency and the reliability of a test result after large-scale mass production of waveguide antennas can be improved, the production period and order delivery time of a waveguide antenna product line can be shortened, the one-to-one correspondence relation from waveguide output ports to waveguide ports and a good transmission effect can be realized, and the test efficiency and the test result can be improved. And the waveguide antenna switching structure can be quickly centered and clamped.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waveguide technology, specifically a waveguide antenna adapter structure and its testing fixture. Background Technology

[0002] Existing millimeter-wave waveguide antennas are mainly used in the 76-81GHz automotive frequency band, with standard waveguide sizes of WR-12 (3.1mm*1.55mm) or WR-10 (2.54mm*1.27mm). These are extremely small and mostly MIMO designs using 3T4R or 4T4R architectures. Since the waveguide antenna needs to be integrated with the radar RF board below, several WR-12 or WR-10 standard waveguide ports are typically arranged in a rectangular pattern to form the waveguide package input port. This reduces the size of the connection between the antenna and the RF board. However, this also increases the difficulty of antenna testing. Compared to discrete waveguide interfaces, the physical spacing between channels in the integrated waveguide package is too small, inevitably leading to interference when testing the radiation performance of a single channel.

[0003] To address the interference between waveguide package ports, a feasible approach is to design a waveguide antenna adapter structure for the waveguide antenna under test. This structure utilizes waveguide transmission lines extending outwards from its interior to form multiple discrete waveguide test interfaces for independent testing of each channel's performance. However, current waveguide antenna adapter structures primarily involve CNC-machined two-layer aluminum components followed by surface mount technology (SMT). This not only results in a heavy overall weight for the waveguide antenna adapter structure but also highlights the immaturity of 77GHz surface mount technology, its high precision requirements, and the difficulty in controlling issues such as over-plating and under-plating. Consequently, the yield rate is low, impacting the reliability of the test results.

[0004] Chinese patent CN219937344U discloses a wide bandwidth, low insertion loss SIW transition waveguide structure for E-band, comprising a top layer, a middle layer, and a bottom layer stacked from top to bottom. Each layer has a metallized via array. The area enclosed by the metallized via array of the top layer contains a microstrip line, and the area enclosed by the metallized via array of the bottom layer contains a coupling window for E-band. The coupling window contains a copper-based tuning and matching structure.

[0005] Chinese patent CN220137211U discloses an antenna testing fixture, comprising: a support rod, an adjusting rod, a fastener, and a mounting plate. The adjusting rod is fitted inside the support rod, and the fastener is used to fix the adjusting rod and the support rod together. The mounting plate is disposed on the top of the adjusting rod. The fastener includes a base plate and a connector. The connector is detachably disposed at the bottom end of the adjusting rod, and the base plate is fixedly disposed at the top end of the support rod.

[0006] However, the technical solution of this patent has the following problems:

[0007] This patent cannot improve the testing efficiency and reliability of test results after the mass production of waveguide antennas, shorten the production cycle and order delivery time of waveguide antenna product lines, achieve a one-to-one correspondence between waveguide output ports and waveguide ports, or provide good transmission effects. It also cannot quickly center and clamp the waveguide antenna adapter structure.

[0008] Based on this, the present invention designs a waveguide antenna adapter structure and its testing fixture to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a waveguide antenna adapter structure and its testing fixture.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0011] A waveguide antenna adapter structure includes a bottom plate and a top plate. A first rectangular protrusion is fixedly installed on the middle side of the top plate. The first rectangular protrusion has multiple through waveguide output ports. Multiple positioning holes are provided on the top plate along the diagonal of the first rectangular protrusion for fixing the waveguide antenna under test, so that the waveguide output ports are aligned with the waveguide ports of the waveguide antenna under test. Multiple first threaded through holes are provided at the outer edge of the top plate.

[0012] Multiple arc-shaped waveguide transmission slots are formed on the upper surface of the bottom plate. The end of the arc-shaped waveguide transmission slot near the center of the bottom plate corresponds one-to-one with the waveguide output port. The width of the arc-shaped waveguide transmission slot is less than the depth of the slot. Two arc-shaped waveguide transmission slots of different lengths are distributed in each quadrant of the upper surface of the bottom plate. The arc-shaped waveguide transmission slots between adjacent quadrants are symmetrically distributed.

[0013] Furthermore, multiple cylindrical pins are fixedly installed on the upper side of the bottom plate, and the cylindrical pins are periodically distributed around the arc-shaped waveguide transmission groove at certain intervals.

[0014] Furthermore, a metal frame is fixedly installed on the upper side of the bottom plate, with the side of the metal frame away from the bottom plate being higher than the side of the cylindrical pin away from the bottom plate. The bottom plate is provided with a plurality of second threaded through holes, and the second threaded through holes correspond one-to-one with the first threaded through holes.

[0015] Furthermore, multiple second rectangular protrusions are fixedly installed on the lower surface of the bottom plate. Each second rectangular protrusion has two waveguide input ports. The end of the arc-shaped waveguide transmission groove away from the center of the bottom plate corresponds one-to-one with the waveguide input port. Multiple flange fixing threaded holes are provided on the second rectangular protrusion. Flange fixing threaded holes are distributed on both the upper and lower sides of each waveguide input port.

[0016] A test fixture includes a support, and further includes a multi-angle adjustment mechanism and a quick clamping mechanism. The multi-angle adjustment mechanism, which is capable of multi-angle rotation adjustment, is mounted on the support. The output end of the multi-angle adjustment mechanism is equipped with a quick clamping mechanism that can quickly clamp the waveguide antenna adapter structure.

[0017] Furthermore, the multi-angle adjustment mechanism includes: a first rotating component, a vibration component, and a second rotating component. The first rotating component is mounted on a bracket, the vibration component is mounted on the output end of the first rotating component, and the second rotating component is mounted on the output end of the vibration component.

[0018] Furthermore, the first rotating assembly includes: a first rotating worktable, the fixed end of which is fixedly mounted on a bracket; the vibration assembly includes: a voice coil motor and a C-shaped plate, the output ends of a plurality of voice coil motors are fixedly mounted on the output ends of the first rotating worktable, and the C-shaped plate is fixedly mounted on the housing of the voice coil motor; the second rotating assembly includes: a support frame and a second rotating worktable, the support frame being rotatably connected to the side of the C-shaped plate away from the voice coil motor via a rotating shaft, the second rotating worktable being fixedly mounted on the C-shaped plate, the output end of the second rotating worktable being fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the support frame, and a fixing strip being fixedly mounted on the upper side of the support frame.

[0019] Furthermore, the quick clamping mechanism includes: left and right clamping components and front and rear clamping components, the left and right clamping components are mounted on the support frame, and the front and rear clamping components are mounted on the front side of the support frame.

[0020] Furthermore, the left and right clamping components include: a horizontal sliding plate, a gear, and a first rack. The two horizontal sliding plates are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the support frame. The horizontal sliding plates are slidably connected to the support frame. The gear is rotatably connected to the support frame through a rotating shaft. The first rack is fixedly installed on the horizontal sliding plate, and the first rack and the gear mesh with each other.

[0021] Furthermore, the front and rear clamping components include: a vertical sliding plate, a second rack, and a tension spring. The vertical sliding plate is slidably connected to the front side of the support frame. The second rack is fixedly installed on the vertical sliding plate, and the second rack and the gear mesh with each other. One end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the vertical sliding plate, and the other end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the support frame.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention utilizes periodic cylindrical pins to construct a gap waveguide, replaces the traditional rectangular waveguide transmission line in the waveguide antenna adapter structure with an arc-shaped waveguide transmission groove, and metallizes it using a low-cost, non-high-temperature resistant plastic substrate. This not only reduces the high defect rate caused by over-plating and under-plating in the 77GHz band SMT process, but also reduces the overall weight and further reduces costs in terms of processes and consumables. This achieves a lightweight, high-yield, and low-cost waveguide antenna adapter structure, which is beneficial to improving the testing efficiency after the mass production of waveguide antennas. To improve the reliability of test results and shorten the production cycle and order delivery time of waveguide antenna product lines; the center area of ​​the top plate has a first rectangular protrusion with the same length and width as the packaging area of ​​the waveguide packaging port. At the center of the first rectangular protrusion, there are several waveguide output ports corresponding to the number and arrangement of the waveguide packaging port, which penetrate the top plate. After the waveguide antenna adapter structure and waveguide antenna are assembled, the first rectangular protrusion can fit with the metal outer frame of the waveguide packaging port and the square metal pins of each waveguide port, realizing a one-to-one correspondence between the waveguide output port and the waveguide port and a good transmission effect;

[0023] 2. Multiple arc-shaped waveguide transmission slots are formed on the upper surface of the bottom plate. The end of each waveguide transmission slot closest to the center of the bottom plate corresponds to a waveguide output port. The width of the waveguide transmission slot is less than its depth. Two arc-shaped waveguide transmission slots of different lengths are distributed in each quadrant of the upper surface of the bottom plate. The arc-shaped waveguide transmission slots between adjacent quadrants are symmetrically distributed. The end of each arc-shaped waveguide transmission slot furthest from the center of the bottom plate corresponds to a waveguide input port. This allows the channels of the transition structure to be distributed discretely from the center to the back side. Multiple cylindrical pins are periodically arranged around the arc-shaped waveguide transmission slot at a certain distance. Through the metal frame on the bottom plate, an air gap is formed between the cylindrical pins and the bottom surface of the top plate. The electromagnetic band gap of the periodic cylindrical pins replaces part of the metal wall of the traditional rectangular waveguide. This not only realizes a waveguide antenna transition structure that does not require SMT process between the upper and lower layers, but also makes the signal better confined within the equivalent waveguide transmission line formed by the arc-shaped waveguide transmission slot, the cylindrical pins on both sides, and the bottom surface of the top plate, thus achieving better transmission characteristics.

[0024] 3. The waveguide antenna adapter structure is clamped by a quick-clamping mechanism. The output end of the first rotating table of the first rotating component of the multi-angle adjustment mechanism rotates, driving the vibration component and the second rotating component to rotate. The output end of the second rotating table of the second rotating component rotates, driving the support frame to rotate. The two rotations allow the waveguide antenna adapter structure to be adjusted to any direction for testing. The output end of the voice coil motor of the vibration component vibrates slightly up and down, causing the C-shaped plate to vibrate slightly up and down. The slight up and down vibration of the C-shaped plate causes the second rotating component and the quick-clamping mechanism to vibrate slightly up and down, testing the stability of the waveguide antenna adapter structure during vibration. The vertical sliding plate moves, causing the second rack to move. The tension spring undergoes elastic deformation and is stretched. The movement of the second rack drives the gear to rotate. The rotation of the gear drives the first rack to move. The movement of the first rack drives the horizontal sliding plate to move towards the waveguide antenna adapter structure, quickly clamping the waveguide antenna adapter structure in the left-right and up-down directions, which is beneficial for quickly centering and clamping the waveguide antenna adapter structure. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the waveguide antenna adapter structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a top view of the top plate of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the top plate of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the test fixture of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a front view of the test fixture of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a top view of the test fixture of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the multi-angle adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the second rotating component and the quick clamping mechanism of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the left and right clamping components and the front and rear clamping components of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the gear and front and rear clamping components of the present invention.

[0036] The labels in the diagram represent:

[0037] 1. Bottom plate; 2. Top plate; 3. First rectangular protrusion; 4. Waveguide output port; 5. Positioning hole; 6. First threaded through hole; 7. Arc-shaped waveguide transmission groove; 8. Cylindrical pin; 9. Metal frame; 10. Second threaded through hole; 11. Second rectangular protrusion; 12. Waveguide input port; 13. Flange fixing threaded hole; 14. Bracket; 15. Multi-angle adjustment mechanism; 151. First rotary table; 152. Voice coil motor; 153. C-shaped plate; 154. Support frame; 155. Second rotary table; 156. Fixing strip; 16. Quick clamping mechanism; 161. Horizontal sliding plate; 162. Gear; 163. First rack; 164. Vertical sliding plate; 165. Second rack; 166. Tension spring. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0040] The terms "left," "right," "front," "back," "up," and "down" used in the following description refer to the orientation from the perspective of the front view.

[0041] Example 1: In some examples, please refer to Figures 1-10 A waveguide antenna adapter structure includes a bottom plate 1 and a top plate 2. A first rectangular protrusion 3 is fixedly installed on the middle side of the top plate 2. The first rectangular protrusion 3 has multiple through waveguide output ports 4. Multiple positioning holes 5 are provided on the top plate 2 along the diagonal of the first rectangular protrusion 3 for fixing the waveguide antenna under test, so that the waveguide output ports 4 are aligned with the waveguide ports of the waveguide antenna under test. Multiple first threaded through holes 6 are provided on the outer edge of the top plate 2 for installing screws.

[0042] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, multiple arc-shaped waveguide transmission slots 7 are formed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 1. The end of the arc-shaped waveguide transmission slot 7 near the center of the bottom plate 1 corresponds one-to-one with the waveguide output port 4. The width of the arc-shaped waveguide transmission slot 7 is less than the depth of the slot. Two arc-shaped waveguide transmission slots 7 of different lengths are distributed in each quadrant of the upper surface of the bottom plate 1. The arc-shaped waveguide transmission slots 7 between adjacent quadrants are symmetrically distributed.

[0043] Multiple cylindrical pins 8 are fixedly installed on the upper side of the bottom plate 1. The cylindrical pins 8 are periodically distributed around the arc-shaped waveguide transmission groove line 7 at certain intervals.

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, a metal frame 9 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the bottom plate 1. The side of the metal frame 9 away from the bottom plate 1 is higher than the side of the cylindrical pin 8 away from the bottom plate 1. The metal frame 9 is higher than the cylindrical pin 8 by 0.1mm-0.5mm. A plurality of second threaded through holes 10 are provided on the bottom plate 1. The second threaded through holes 10 correspond one-to-one with the first threaded through holes 6.

[0045] Multiple second rectangular protrusions 11 are fixedly installed on the lower surface of the bottom plate 1. Each second rectangular protrusion 11 has two waveguide input ports 12. The end of the arc-shaped waveguide transmission groove line 7 away from the center of the bottom plate 1 corresponds to the waveguide input port 12. Multiple flange fixing threaded holes 13 are provided on the second rectangular protrusion 11. Each waveguide input port 12 has flange fixing threaded holes 13 distributed on both the upper and lower sides.

[0046] Both the bottom plate 1 and the top plate 2 are made of plastic metallized molding. The first threaded through hole 6 of the top plate 2 and the second threaded through hole 10 of the bottom plate 1 are fastened by several screws. That is, the lower surface of the top plate 2 is connected to the metal frame 9 on the upper surface of the bottom plate 1. Since the height of the metal frame 9 is slightly higher than the cylindrical pin 8, the periodic cylindrical pin 8 and the lower surface of the top plate 2 form an air gap, which constitutes a gap waveguide transmission structure and realizes a complete waveguide antenna conversion structure.

[0047] The waveguide antenna under test is inserted into the positioning hole 5 on the top plate 2 of the waveguide antenna adapter structure, so that the waveguide encapsulation port is in contact with the area of ​​the first rectangular protrusion 3. At this time, the signal is fed in from a waveguide input port 12 on the lower surface of the waveguide antenna adapter structure and transmitted to the arc-shaped waveguide transmission groove 7. Under the action of the electromagnetic band gap of the periodic cylindrical pins 8, the signal is well confined in the equivalent waveguide transmission line formed by the arc-shaped waveguide transmission groove 7, the cylindrical pins 8 on both sides and the lower surface of the top plate 2. Therefore, the signal will be transmitted along the arc-shaped waveguide transmission groove 7 to the waveguide output port 4 of the top plate 2, and finally enter a waveguide port in the waveguide encapsulation port that is in contact with the waveguide output port 4, thereby realizing the signal excitation of a certain channel of the waveguide antenna.

[0048] From the perspective of signal transmission, firstly, the width of the arc-shaped waveguide transmission slot 7 is less than its depth; secondly, the electromagnetic bandgap effect of the periodic cylindrical pin 8 can further increase the equivalent depth of the arc-shaped waveguide transmission slot 7; and thirdly, the arc-shaped waveguide transmission slot 7 adopts an arc-shaped divergent form. Based on the above structural design, in the complete transmission path from the waveguide input port 12 to the transmission slot and then to the waveguide output port 4, the main mode of the signal (TE10 mode) is a horizontal half-wave distribution. Maintaining the stability of the TE10 mode half-wave distribution helps to suppress discontinuities in the transmission process, enabling the waveguide antenna transition structure of the present invention to achieve a good impedance matching level. Under the signal transition function, it will not affect the impedance matching level of the waveguide antenna under test.

[0049] Existing waveguide adapters are mainly manufactured using CNC machining of aluminum parts, which is costly and heavy. When testing the radiation performance of waveguide antennas, one side of the waveguide adapter needs to connect to the waveguide and spread spectrum module, while the other side needs to connect to the waveguide antenna under test (DUT). Due to the slender structure of the waveguide, both the waveguide antenna adapter and the DUT are suspended in the air. If the waveguide antenna adapter is made of CNC-machined aluminum parts, its weight, combined with that of the DUT, acts on one side of the waveguide. When the test turntable rotates, this not only causes the waveguide antenna to wobble, resulting in a deviation between the DUT and the standard horn antenna, but also causes small gaps at the waveguide connection, leading to power leakage. Both of these factors affect the accuracy of the test gain. Therefore, manufacturing the waveguide antenna adapter structure using a plastic metallization method can significantly reduce the weight and cost of the adapter, thereby reducing test errors and improving data reliability.

[0050] On the other hand, the surface mount technology (SMT) for the 77GHz band is not yet mature and requires high precision. When mounting the upper and lower layer transition structures, problems such as over-plating and under-plating are prone to occur, increasing the discontinuity in signal transmission and resulting in a high defect rate. In this invention, periodic cylindrical pins 8 are set around the arc-shaped waveguide transmission groove line 7 of the bottom plate 1, leaving an air gap with the lower surface of the top plate 2 to form a gap waveguide structure to replace the traditional rectangular waveguide. Therefore, no SMT process is required between the upper and lower layers, which effectively reduces the defect rate caused by over-plating and under-plating and can effectively reduce costs. In addition, since no SMT process is required, the plastic substrate of this invention can be a material with non-high temperature resistance properties, such as PBT, PP or PC, to replace the original PPS or PEI substrate, which is conducive to further reducing the overall cost of the waveguide antenna transition structure.

[0051] Example 2: In some embodiments, such as Figures 1-10 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gap between the top plate 2 and the cylindrical metal pin is 0.1mm-0.5mm. The return loss and insertion loss of a certain channel in this case are as follows: Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown in the figure, this case achieves good transmission characteristics, with a return loss of less than -20dB and an insertion loss of less than 0.2dB in the 75GHz-82GHz range.

[0052] Example 3: In some examples, please refer to Figures 1-10 A test fixture includes a bracket 14, and further includes a multi-angle adjustment mechanism 15 and a quick clamping mechanism 16. The bracket 14 is equipped with a multi-angle adjustment mechanism 15 capable of multi-angle rotation adjustment, and the output end of the multi-angle adjustment mechanism 15 is equipped with a quick clamping mechanism 16 capable of quickly clamping the waveguide antenna adapter structure.

[0053] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the multi-angle adjustment mechanism 15 includes: a first rotating component, a vibration component, and a second rotating component. The first rotating component is mounted on the bracket 14, the vibration component is mounted on the output end of the first rotating component, and the second rotating component is mounted on the output end of the vibration component.

[0054] like Figure 7 , Figure 8As shown, the first rotating assembly includes a first rotating worktable 151, the fixed end of which is fixedly mounted on the bracket 14. The vibration assembly includes a voice coil motor 152 and a C-shaped plate 153. The output ends of multiple voice coil motors 152 are fixedly mounted on the output ends of the first rotating worktable 151. The C-shaped plate 153 is fixedly mounted on the housing of the voice coil motor 152. The second rotating assembly includes a support frame 154 and a second rotating worktable 155. The support frame 154 is rotatably connected to the side of the C-shaped plate 153 away from the voice coil motor 152 via a rotating shaft. The second rotating worktable 155 is fixedly mounted on the C-shaped plate 153. The output end of the second rotating worktable 155 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the support frame 154. A fixing strip 156 is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the support frame 154 to limit the movement of the rear sidewall of the toggle structure.

[0055] The quick-clamping mechanism 16 clamps the waveguide antenna adapter structure. The output end of the first rotating table 151 of the first rotating component of the multi-angle adjustment mechanism 15 rotates, driving the vibration component and the second rotating component to rotate. The output end of the second rotating table 155 of the second rotating component rotates, driving the support frame 154 to rotate. The two rotations allow the waveguide antenna adapter structure to be adjusted to any direction for testing. The output end of the voice coil motor 152 of the vibration component vibrates up and down slightly, driving the C-shaped plate 153 to vibrate up and down slightly. The C-shaped plate 153 vibrates up and down slightly, driving the second rotating component and the quick-clamping mechanism 16 to vibrate up and down slightly, testing the stability of the waveguide antenna adapter structure during vibration.

[0056] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, the quick clamping mechanism 16 includes: left and right clamping components and front and rear clamping components. The left and right clamping components are mounted on the support frame 154, and the front and rear clamping components are mounted on the front side of the support frame 154.

[0057] The left and right clamping components include: a horizontal sliding plate 161, a gear 162, and a first rack 163. The two horizontal sliding plates 161 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the support frame 154. The horizontal sliding plates 161 are slidably connected to the support frame 154. The gear 162 is rotatably connected to the support frame 154 through a rotating shaft. The first rack 163 is fixedly installed on the horizontal sliding plate 161. The first rack 163 and the gear 162 mesh with each other.

[0058] The front and rear clamping components include: a vertical sliding plate 164, a second rack 165, and a tension spring 166. The vertical sliding plate 164 is slidably connected to the front side of the support frame 154. The second rack 165 is fixedly installed on the vertical sliding plate 164 and meshes with a gear 162. One end of the tension spring 166 is fixedly connected to the vertical sliding plate 164, and the other end is fixedly connected to the support frame 154. Both the horizontal sliding plate 161 and the vertical sliding plate 164 have inclined surfaces on the side near the center of the support frame 154. The products to be clamped are stably clamped on the support frame 154 through the inclined surfaces, thereby improving the clamping effect of the products.

[0059] The vertical sliding plate 164 of the front and rear clamping components of the moving quick clamping mechanism 16 moves, causing the second rack 165 to move. The tension spring 166 undergoes elastic deformation and is stretched. The movement of the second rack 165 causes the gear 162 to rotate. The rotation of the gear 162 causes the first rack 163 to move. The movement of the first rack 163 causes the horizontal sliding plate 161 to move towards the waveguide antenna adapter structure, quickly clamping the waveguide antenna adapter structure in the left-right and up-down directions, which is beneficial for quickly centering and clamping the waveguide antenna adapter structure.

[0060] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waveguide antenna switching structure comprising a bottom plate (1) and a top plate (2), characterized in that: a first rectangular protrusion (3) is fixedly installed in the top plate (2), a plurality of waveguide output ports (4) are formed in the first rectangular protrusion (3), a plurality of positioning holes (5) are formed in the top plate (2) along the diagonal line of the first rectangular protrusion (3), and the positioning holes (5) are used to fix a waveguide antenna to be tested, so that the waveguide output ports (4) are aligned with the waveguide ports of the waveguide antenna to be tested, and a plurality of first threaded holes (6) are formed in the outer edge of the top plate (2); a plurality of arc-shaped waveguide transmission slot lines (7) are formed on the upper surface of the bottom plate (1), one end of each arc-shaped waveguide transmission slot line (7) near the center of the bottom plate (1) corresponds to one waveguide output port (4), the width of each arc-shaped waveguide transmission slot line (7) is less than the depth of the slot line, two arc-shaped waveguide transmission slot lines (7) with different lengths are distributed in each quadrant on the upper surface of the bottom plate (1), and the arc-shaped waveguide transmission slot lines (7) between adjacent quadrants are symmetrically distributed.

2. The waveguide antenna transition structure of claim 1, wherein, A plurality of cylindrical pins (8) are fixedly installed on the upper side of the bottom plate (1) and periodically distributed around the arc-shaped waveguide transmission slot lines (7).

3. The waveguide antenna transition structure of claim 2, wherein, A metal frame (9) is fixedly installed on the upper side of the bottom plate (1), the side of the metal frame (9) away from the bottom plate (1) is higher than the side of the cylindrical pin (8) away from the bottom plate (1), a plurality of second threaded holes (10) are formed in the bottom plate (1), and the second threaded holes (10) correspond to the first threaded holes (6) one by one.

4. The waveguide antenna transition structure of claim 3, wherein, A plurality of second rectangular protrusions (11) are fixedly installed on the lower surface of the bottom plate (1), two waveguide input ports (12) are formed in each second rectangular protrusion (11), one end of each arc-shaped waveguide transmission slot line (7) away from the center of the bottom plate (1) corresponds to one waveguide input port (12), a plurality of flange fixing threaded holes (13) are formed in the second rectangular protrusion (11), and the flange fixing threaded holes (13) are distributed on the upper and lower sides of each waveguide input port (12).

5. A test fixture for the waveguide antenna adapter structure of claim 4, comprising a support (14), characterized in that, Further comprising: a multi-angle adjusting mechanism (15) and a quick clamping mechanism (16), the multi-angle adjusting mechanism (15) capable of multi-angle rotation adjustment is installed on the support (14), and the output end of the multi-angle adjusting mechanism (15) is provided with the quick clamping mechanism (16) capable of quickly clamping the waveguide antenna switching structure.

6. The test fixture of claim 5, wherein, The multi-angle adjusting mechanism (15) comprises a first rotating assembly, a vibrating assembly, and a second rotating assembly, the first rotating assembly is installed on the support (14), the vibrating assembly is installed on the output end of the first rotating assembly, and the second rotating assembly is installed on the output end of the vibrating assembly.

7. The test fixture of claim 6, wherein, The first rotating assembly comprises a first rotating table (151) fixedly installed on the support (14), the vibrating assembly comprises a voice coil motor (152) and a C-shaped plate (153), a plurality of output ends of the voice coil motor (152) are fixedly installed on the output end of the first rotating table (151), and the C-shaped plate (153) is fixedly installed on the shell of the voice coil motor (152).

8. The test fixture of claim 7, wherein, The quick clamping mechanism (16) comprises left and right clamping assemblies and front and rear clamping assemblies, the left and right clamping assemblies are installed on the support frame (154), and the front and rear clamping assemblies are installed on the front side of the support frame (154).

9. The test fixture of claim 8, wherein, The left and right clamping assemblies comprise a transverse sliding plate (161), a gear (162) and a first rack (163), two transverse sliding plates (161) are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the support frame (154), the transverse sliding plate (161) is slidably connected to the support frame (154), the gear (162) is rotatably connected to the support frame (154) through a rotating shaft, the first rack (163) is fixedly installed on the transverse sliding plate (161), and the first rack (163) and the gear (162) are meshed with each other.

10. The test fixture of claim 9, wherein, The front and rear clamping assemblies comprise a vertical sliding plate (164), a second rack (165) and a tension spring (166), the vertical sliding plate (164) is slidably connected to the front side of the support frame (154), the second rack (165) is fixedly installed on the vertical sliding plate (164), the second rack (165) and the gear (162) are meshed with each other, one end of the tension spring (166) is fixedly connected to the vertical sliding plate (164), and the other end of the tension spring (166) is fixedly connected to the support frame (154).

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