Tidal reach lake and reservoir global hydraulic retention time spatial distribution calculation method and device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering simulation, and discloses a tidal river reach lake and reservoir global hydraulic retention time spatial distribution calculation method and device, and the method comprises the steps: employing a weir flow formula and a scheduling operation scheme, combining an out-of-sluice tide level curve and a lake and reservoir capacity curve, and carrying out the adjustment and calculation to obtain the hourly flow of a water diversion sluice and a drainage sluice; the method comprises the following steps: dividing a lake and reservoir into a plurality of grid units by utilizing topographic data of a to-be-researched tidal river reach lake and reservoir, and constructing a lake and reservoir three-dimensional numerical model by taking hourly flow of a drainage sluice and a water diversion sluice as calculation boundaries; a tracking substance is arranged at the water diversion gate, and the tracking substance concentration of each grid unit of each time step is obtained in a model simulation mode; then, the hydraulic retention time of each grid unit is obtained through the judgment conditions and a hydraulic retention time calculation formula; isolines are constructed for the same hydraulic retention time of different grid units, hydraulic retention time space distribution of the whole domain of the lake and the reservoir is determined, and the purpose of accurately obtaining the key area of water retention in the lake and the reservoir is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering simulation technology, specifically to a method and apparatus for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time across the entire tidal river section, lake, and reservoir. Background Technology

[0002] Tidal river sections and reservoirs are special aquatic environments formed by the interaction between rivers and the ocean. The inflow and outflow of each sluice gate in the reservoir are significantly affected by the tides, and the spatial distribution characteristics of the hydraulic residence time within them directly affect the transport of materials, ecological response, and engineering regulation effects.

[0003] The method for calculating the hydraulic residence time of lakes and reservoirs in related technologies is derived by dividing the multi-year average outflow from the lake and reservoir by the multi-year average water storage, and is applicable to lakes and reservoirs with stable inflow and outflow and small area.

[0004] Because the hydraulic residence time varies greatly in different areas of large lakes and reservoirs, the methods for calculating the hydraulic residence time of lakes and reservoirs disclosed in related technologies are difficult to accurately obtain the key areas of water retention. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method and apparatus for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time across the entire area of ​​tidal river sections and lakes, in order to solve the problem that the methods for estimating hydraulic residence time in lakes and reservoirs disclosed in related technologies are difficult to accurately obtain the key areas of water retention.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time across the entire area of ​​tidal river sections and lakes / reservoirs, including: Based on the drainage gates and water intake gates of the tidal river section and reservoir to be studied, combined with the external tide level curve, reservoir capacity curve and scheduling operation plan, the hourly flow rate of the drainage gates and water intake gates is obtained by using the weir flow formula and reservoir regulation calculation method. Based on the topographic data of the tidal river section lakes and reservoirs to be studied, the lakes and reservoirs are divided into multiple grid units, and the hourly flow rates of the drainage gates and water diversion gates are used as the calculation boundaries to obtain a three-dimensional numerical model of the lakes and reservoirs. Based on the three-dimensional numerical model of the lake and reservoir, tracking substances are set at the boundary of the water diversion gate, and the model simulation is used to process the data to obtain the concentration of tracking substances in each grid cell at each time step. Based on the tracking substance concentration of each grid cell at each time step, the hydraulic residence time of each grid cell is obtained by processing the discriminant condition and the hydraulic residence time calculation formula. The discriminant condition includes whether the water replacement rate of each grid cell at each time step is less than or equal to a preset value. The hydraulic residence time of all grid cells was imported into the computational grid of the three-dimensional numerical model of the lake and reservoir, and processed using the method of constructing contour lines to obtain a spatial distribution map of the hydraulic residence time of the entire lake and reservoir area.

[0007] Through the above implementation methods, using the weir flow formula and scheduling operation scheme, and combining the tidal level curve outside the gate and the reservoir capacity curve, the hourly flow rates of the intake and drainage gates are calculated. Then, using the topographic data of the tidal river section of the reservoir under study, the reservoir is divided into multiple grid units, and the hourly flow rates of the drainage and intake gates are used as the calculation boundaries to construct a three-dimensional numerical model of the reservoir. At the same time, a tracking substance is set at the intake gate, and the concentration of the tracking substance in each grid unit at each time step is obtained through model simulation. Then, using the discrimination condition and the hydraulic residence time calculation formula, the hydraulic residence time of each grid unit is obtained. By constructing contour lines for the same hydraulic residence time in different grid units, the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time in the entire reservoir area is determined, thereby achieving the goal of accurately obtaining the key areas of water retention in the reservoir.

[0008] In one optional implementation, the hourly flow rates of the drainage and diversion gates of the tidal river section and reservoir under study are obtained by combining the external tidal level curve, the reservoir capacity curve, and the scheduling operation plan, using the weir flow formula and reservoir regulation calculation method, including: Based on the drainage gates and water intake gates of the lake and reservoir under study, the flow rate through the gates is calculated using the weir flow formula, and the relationship between the flow rate and water level of the drainage gates and the flow rate and water level of the water intake gates are obtained. Based on the relationship between the flow rate and water level of the drainage gate and the water level of the water intake gate, combined with the external tide curve, the reservoir capacity curve and the scheduling operation plan, the hourly flow rate of the drainage gate and the water intake gate is obtained by using the reservoir regulation calculation method.

[0009] Through the above implementation methods, the relationship between the flow rate and water level of the drainage gate and the water level of the intake gate of the lake / reservoir under study are determined using the weir flow formula. By combining the external tide level curve, the reservoir capacity curve, and the scheduling and operation plan, the hourly flow rates of the drainage gate and the intake gate are obtained using the lake / reservoir regulation calculation method. This allows for a more accurate simulation of the actual regulation process of the lake / reservoir and improves the accuracy of obtaining the hydraulic residence time of the entire lake / reservoir.

[0010] In one optional implementation, the scheduling and operation scheme includes: When the tide level outside the sluice gate is higher than the water level of the lake or reservoir, close the drainage sluice gate and open the water intake sluice gate; When the water level of the lake or reservoir reaches the high operating level, the water intake gates will be closed. When the tide level outside the sluice gate is lower than the water level of the lake or reservoir, close the water intake gate and open the drainage gate; When the water level of the lake or reservoir reaches the low operating level, the drainage gates are closed.

[0011] Through the above implementation methods, the scheduling and operation scheme can simulate the characteristics and operational requirements of lakes and reservoirs, and is used to simulate the operation status of water intake and drainage gates based on the water level of the lake / reservoir and the water level outside the gates. This facilitates the determination of the hourly flow of the drainage and water intake gates through lake / reservoir regulation calculation methods, and improves the convenience of obtaining the hourly flow of the drainage and water intake gates.

[0012] In one optional implementation, the process of processing the tracking substance concentration of each grid cell at each time step using discrimination criteria and a hydraulic residence time calculation formula to obtain the hydraulic residence time of each grid cell includes: Based on the tracking substance concentration of each grid cell at each time step, the water replacement rate of each grid cell at each time step is obtained using the water replacement rate conversion formula; Based on the water replacement rate of each grid cell at each time step, the discrimination factor of each grid cell at each time step is obtained by processing the discrimination condition. By combining the discrimination factors of each grid cell at each time step, the hydraulic residence time of each grid cell is obtained using the hydraulic residence time calculation formula; The discrimination criteria include: when the water replacement rate of a certain grid cell at any time step is less than or equal to a preset value, the discrimination factor of the corresponding grid cell at the corresponding time step is 1; otherwise, it is 0.

[0013] Through the above implementation method, the tracking substance concentration of each grid unit at each time step is first converted into the water replacement rate of each grid unit at each time step using the water replacement rate conversion formula. Then, the discrimination factor of each grid unit at each time step is combined with the discrimination factor of each grid unit at each time step using the hydraulic residence time calculation formula to determine the hydraulic residence time of each grid unit. This facilitates the determination of the distribution of hydraulic residence time in lakes and reservoirs, and achieves the goal of accurately obtaining the key areas of water retention.

[0014] In one optional implementation, the hydraulic residence time calculation formula satisfies: , in, Indicates the first Hydraulic residence time of each grid cell; Indicates the first The first time step The discriminant factor for each grid cell; Indicates the first One time step; This indicates the total number of time steps.

[0015] Through the above implementation method, the hydraulic residence time calculation formula establishes the correlation between the discriminant factor of each grid unit at each time step and the hydraulic residence time of each grid unit. It can integrate the discriminant factors of each grid unit at each time step to obtain the hydraulic residence time of each grid unit, thereby improving the efficiency of obtaining the hydraulic residence time of each grid unit in the lake and reservoir and ensuring the convenience of obtaining the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time in the lake and reservoir.

[0016] In one optional implementation, the water replacement rate conversion formula satisfies: , in, Indicates the first The first time step Water replacement rate per grid cell; Indicates the first The first time step The concentration of the tracked substance in each grid cell.

[0017] Through the above implementation method, the water replacement rate conversion formula constructs the water replacement rate of each grid unit at each time step and the tracking substance concentration of each grid unit at each time step. It can convert the tracking substance concentration of each grid unit at each time step into the water replacement rate of the corresponding grid unit at the corresponding time step, improve the convenience of processing the water replacement rate of each grid unit at each time step using the discrimination condition, facilitate the acquisition of the hydraulic residence time of water in each grid unit, and thus determine the spatial distribution of the hydraulic residence time of the entire lake and reservoir.

[0018] Secondly, the present invention provides a device for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time across the entire tidal river section and lake / reservoir area, the device comprising: The flow acquisition module is used to calculate the hourly flow of the drainage gates and water intake gates of the tidal river section and the reservoir under study, based on the external tide level curve and the reservoir capacity curve, using the weir flow formula and scheduling operation scheme. The model building module is used to divide the lake and reservoir into multiple grid cells based on the topographic data of the tidal river section to be studied, and to obtain a three-dimensional numerical model of the lake and reservoir by using the hourly flow of the drainage gate and the water diversion gate as the calculation boundary. The data simulation module is used to set tracking substances at the boundary of the water diversion gate based on the three-dimensional numerical model of the lake and reservoir, and process them using model simulation to obtain the tracking substance concentration of each grid cell at each time step. The data processing module is used to process the tracking substance concentration of each grid cell at each time step using discrimination conditions and hydraulic residence time calculation formula to obtain the hydraulic residence time of each grid cell. The discrimination conditions include whether the water replacement rate of each grid cell at each time step is less than or equal to a preset value. The results output module is used to import the hydraulic residence time of all grid cells into the computational grid of the three-dimensional numerical model of the lake and reservoir, and process it using the method of constructing contour lines to obtain a spatial distribution map of the hydraulic residence time of the entire lake and reservoir area.

[0019] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory and a processor, wherein the memory and the processor are communicatively connected to each other, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to perform the method for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time of the entire tidal river section lake and reservoir as described in the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment.

[0020] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, which are used to cause a computer to execute the method for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time in the entire tidal river section and reservoir area as described in the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment.

[0021] Fifthly, the present invention provides a computer program product, including computer instructions, which are used to cause a computer to execute the method for calculating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time in the entire tidal river section lake and reservoir area described in the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment above. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first process for calculating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time in the entire tidal river section and lake / reservoir according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 The reservoir capacity curve of a certain lake is derived from the method for calculating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time in the entire tidal river section of the lake and reservoir according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4The above is the external tidal level curve of a certain lake and reservoir from May to June 2006, based on the method for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time in the entire tidal river section of the lake and reservoir according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is an hourly flow distribution map of the drainage gate and water intake gate of a certain lake or reservoir, based on the method for calculating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time in the entire tidal river section of the lake or reservoir according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a topographic map of a three-dimensional numerical model of a lake or reservoir in the method for calculating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time in the entire tidal river section lake or reservoir according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a calculation grid diagram of a three-dimensional numerical model of a lake or reservoir based on the method for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time in the entire tidal river section lake or reservoir according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a lake / reservoir flow field distribution map simulated by a model in the method for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time in the entire tidal river section lake / reservoir according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a tracking material concentration distribution map of a lake or reservoir based on the method for extrapolating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time in the entire tidal river section lake or reservoir area according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 This is a spatial distribution map of the hydraulic residence time of a lake or reservoir, based on the method for calculating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time across the entire tidal river section lake or reservoir according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the third process for calculating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time in the entire tidal river section and lake area according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a structural block diagram of a device for calculating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time in the entire tidal river section and lake / reservoir area according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] It is understood that before using the technical solutions disclosed in the various embodiments of the present invention, users should be informed of the types, scope of use, and usage scenarios of the personal information involved in the present invention and their authorization should be obtained in accordance with relevant laws and regulations through appropriate means.

[0026] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0027] As an optional application scenario of this invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, application 101 is installed in terminal device 110, and user 130 can interact with application 101 through terminal device 110 and / or access device of terminal device 110.

[0028] For example, application 101 can be any application that provides question-and-answer related services. For instance, application 101 could be a question-and-answer interactive application, such as a text-to-text application, an image-to-text application, etc. Figure 1 In the application scenario shown, if application 101 is active, the terminal device 110 can display the interface 102 of application 101. The interface 102 may include various pages that application 101 can provide, such as interactive pages, settings pages, query pages, etc.

[0029] In some embodiments, terminal device 110 is communicatively connected to server 120 to provide services to application 101. Terminal device 110 may be a mobile terminal, fixed terminal, or portable terminal, etc., including but not limited to mobile phones, desktop computers, laptop computers, multimedia tablets, e-book devices, gaming devices, or any combination thereof, including accessories and peripherals of these devices or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, terminal device 110 may also support any type of interface, and server 120 may be various types of computing systems or servers capable of providing computing power, including but not limited to mainframes, edge computing nodes, computing devices in cloud environments, etc.

[0030] It should be noted that, Figure 1 This is merely an example of an application scenario and does not limit the scope of protection of this invention.

[0031] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the pages shown in the drawings are merely examples, and various page designs are possible in practice. The various graphic elements on the page may have different arrangements and different visual representations; one or more elements may be omitted or replaced, and one or more other elements may also be present, without any limitation in the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments described below primarily pertain to terminal device 110. It should be understood that the actions described relative to terminal device 110 can be performed by application 101 on terminal device 110, or can be performed by application 101 in conjunction with its server (e.g., server 120).

[0032] The hydraulic retention time calculation methods disclosed in related technologies are derived by dividing the multi-year average outflow by the multi-year average storage capacity, and are suitable for reservoirs with stable inflow and outflow and small areas. However, the hydraulic retention time varies significantly between different areas of large reservoirs. For example, the hydraulic retention time in the southeastern part of a reservoir may be greater than 150 days, while the hydraulic retention time in the northwestern part may be less than 30 days. Methods that rely on obtaining the average hydraulic retention time of the reservoir are insufficient to accurately capture the differences in hydraulic retention time between different areas, and thus fail to precisely identify the key areas of water retention.

[0033] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time across a tidal river section of a reservoir. Utilizing the weir flow formula and scheduling operation plan, and combining the external tidal level curve and the reservoir's capacity curve, the hourly flow rates of the intake and drainage gates are calculated. Then, using topographic data of the tidal river section of the reservoir under study, the reservoir is divided into multiple grid units, with the hourly flow rates of the drainage and intake gates used as the calculation boundaries to construct a three-dimensional numerical model of the reservoir. Simultaneously, a tracking substance is placed at the intake gate, and the concentration of the tracking substance in each grid unit at each time step is obtained through model simulation. Then, using discrimination conditions and the hydraulic residence time calculation formula, the hydraulic residence time of each grid unit is obtained. By constructing contour lines for the same hydraulic residence time in different grid units, the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time across the entire reservoir is determined, achieving the goal of accurately identifying key areas of water retention in the reservoir.

[0034] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of a method for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time in the entire area of ​​tidal river sections and lakes is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0035] This embodiment provides a method for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time across the entire tidal river section and lake / reservoir area, which can be used in the aforementioned server terminal. Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time across the entire tidal river section and reservoir area according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the process includes the following steps: S201. Based on the drainage gates and water intake gates of the tidal river section and reservoir to be studied, and combined with the external tide level curve, reservoir capacity curve and scheduling operation plan, the hourly flow rate of the drainage gates and water intake gates is obtained by using the weir flow formula and reservoir regulation calculation method.

[0036] Reference Figure 3 The reservoir capacity curve is used to represent the relationship between the reservoir's water level and its storage capacity. In the reservoir capacity curve, the horizontal axis represents the reservoir's storage capacity, and the vertical axis represents the reservoir's water level.

[0037] The external tidal level curve is used to represent the relationship between the water level of the outer river and time. (Refer to...) Figure 4 , Figure 4 The curve represents the external tide level of a certain lake / reservoir from May to June 2006, with the horizontal axis representing time and the vertical axis representing the external tide level.

[0038] The weir flow formula can express the relationship between the scale of drainage gates and water intake gates and the flow rate through the gates. Through the weir flow formula, it is easy to obtain the relationship between the flow rate through drainage gates and water intake gates and the water level of lakes and reservoirs.

[0039] The scheduling and operation plan is used to determine the operating status of the drainage gate and the water intake gate based on the water level of the lake and reservoir and the tide level outside the gate, thereby improving the efficiency of obtaining the hourly flow of the drainage gate and the water intake gate.

[0040] For example, the scheduling and operation scheme includes: When the tide level outside the sluice gate is higher than the water level of the lake or reservoir, close the drainage sluice gate and open the water intake sluice gate; When the water level of the lake or reservoir reaches the high operating level, the water intake gates will be closed. When the tide level outside the sluice gate is lower than the water level of the lake or reservoir, close the water intake gate and open the drainage gate; When the water level of the lake or reservoir reaches the low operating level, the drainage gates are closed.

[0041] The drainage gate is used to discharge water from the lake / reservoir under study into the outer river, and the water diversion gate is used to introduce water from the outer river into the lake / reservoir under study. By using the lake / reservoir regulation calculation method, the hourly flow rate of the drainage gate and the water diversion gate is correlated with the scheduling and operation plan, and the tide level curve outside the gate is correlated with the reservoir capacity curve.

[0042] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 5This is a time-by-time flow distribution diagram of the water intake and drainage gates of a certain lake or reservoir. The horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents flow. The water intake process of the upstream gate corresponds to the water intake gate, and the water drainage process of the downstream gate corresponds to the drainage gate.

[0043] S202, based on the topographic data of the tidal river section of the lake and reservoir to be studied, divides the lake and reservoir into multiple grid units, and uses the hourly flow of the drainage gate and the water diversion gate as the calculation boundary to obtain a three-dimensional numerical model of the lake and reservoir.

[0044] The topographic map of a lake / reservoir's 3D numerical model is obtained by interpolation using the computational grid of the 3D numerical model based on measured underwater topographic data of the lake / reservoir under study. For example, the topographic map of a certain lake / reservoir's 3D numerical model is shown below. Figure 6 As shown.

[0045] Reference Figure 7 The hourly flow rates of the drainage gate and the water diversion gate are used as the boundary conditions for the model calculation of the drainage gate and the water diversion gate in the numerical model. By dividing the lake and reservoir into multiple grid cells, each grid cell represents a region in the lake and reservoir, the convenience of calculating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time in the lake and reservoir is improved. Figure 7 The correspondence between the coordinates of some grid cells and the underwater elevation in the three-dimensional numerical model of the lake and reservoir is shown in Table 1.

[0046] Table 1. Correspondence between coordinates and underwater elevation of some grid cells in the computational grid of the three-dimensional numerical model of the lake / reservoir.

[0047] S203. Based on the three-dimensional numerical model of the lake and reservoir, a tracking substance is set at the boundary of the water diversion gate, and the model simulation is used to process the tracking substance concentration of each grid cell at each time step.

[0048] Reference Figure 8 and Figure 9 By setting a tracking substance, the concentration of the tracking substance in each grid cell at each time step is obtained through model simulation. The time step is set to 1 hour, and the concentration of the tracking substance in each grid cell every hour is obtained through model simulation, which facilitates the analysis of the hydraulic residence time of the entire lake and reservoir.

[0049] For example, setting a tracking substance at the boundary of the water diversion gate includes: setting a non-attenuating tracking substance at the boundary of the water diversion gate in the three-dimensional numerical model of the lake and reservoir, setting the concentration of the tracking substance in the water outside the gate to 0 mg / L, and setting the initial concentration of the tracking substance in the lake and reservoir area to 100 mg / L.

[0050] S204, based on the tracking substance concentration of each grid cell at each time step, the hydraulic residence time of each grid cell is obtained by processing it using the discrimination condition and the hydraulic residence time calculation formula. The discrimination condition includes whether the water replacement rate of each grid cell at each time step is less than or equal to a preset value.

[0051] After scheduling the hourly flow rates of the water intake and drainage gates for a period of time, the concentration of the tracking substance in each grid unit of the lake / reservoir will gradually decrease from the initial concentration through the process of water replacement. Due to the large water depth of the lake / reservoir, the surface water has a high flow velocity while the bottom water has a low flow velocity, making it difficult to completely replace the bottom water. By setting a preset value, the time required for the water replacement rate of any grid unit to reach the preset value is determined as the hydraulic residence time of that grid unit, thereby improving the efficiency of obtaining the hydraulic residence time of the entire lake / reservoir area.

[0052] First, the water replacement rate conversion formula is used to convert the tracking substance concentration of each grid cell at each time step into the water replacement rate of each grid cell at each time step. Then, using the discrimination condition, the discrimination factor of each grid cell at each time step is combined with the discrimination factor of each grid cell at each time step. Using the hydraulic residence time calculation formula, the hydraulic residence time of each grid cell is determined, which facilitates the determination of the distribution of hydraulic residence time in lakes and reservoirs and achieves the goal of accurately obtaining the key areas of water retention.

[0053] S205. The hydraulic residence time of all grid cells is imported into the computational grid of the three-dimensional numerical model of the lake and reservoir. The method of constructing contour lines is used to process the data to obtain a spatial distribution map of the hydraulic residence time of the entire lake and reservoir area.

[0054] Reference Figure 10 By linking different grid units with the same hydraulic residence time across the entire lake and reservoir area using contour lines, the entire lake and reservoir area is divided into a spatial distribution map of hydraulic residence time. This facilitates the acquisition of hydraulic residence time at any location within the lake and reservoir, providing precise spatiotemporal decision support for the ecological scheduling of lakes and reservoirs in tidal river sections.

[0055] The method for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time in a tidal river section and reservoir provided in this invention utilizes the weir flow formula and scheduling operation scheme. By combining the tidal level curve outside the gate and the reservoir capacity curve, the hourly flow rates of the intake and drainage gates are calculated. Then, using the hourly flow rates of the intake and drainage gates as the calculation boundary conditions, the reservoir topography is divided into multiple grid units to construct a three-dimensional numerical model of the reservoir. Simultaneously, a tracking substance is set at the intake gate, and the concentration of the tracking substance in each grid unit at each time step is obtained through model simulation. Then, using the discrimination condition and the hydraulic residence time calculation formula, the hydraulic residence time of each grid unit is obtained. By constructing contour lines for the same hydraulic residence time in different grid units, the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time in the entire reservoir is determined, achieving the goal of accurately identifying the key areas of water retention in the reservoir.

[0056] This embodiment provides a method for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time across the entire tidal river section and lake / reservoir area, which can be used in the aforementioned server terminal. Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time across the entire tidal river section and reservoir area according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 11 As shown, the process includes the following steps: S301. Based on the drainage gates and water intake gates of the tidal river section and reservoir to be studied, and combined with the external tide level curve, reservoir capacity curve and scheduling operation plan, the hourly flow rate of the drainage gates and water intake gates is obtained by using the weir flow formula and reservoir regulation calculation method.

[0057] In some alternative implementations, S301 above includes: S3011, based on the drainage gates and water intake gates of the tidal river section and reservoir to be studied, the flow through the gates is calculated using the weir flow formula, and the relationship between the flow and water level of the drainage gate and the flow and water level of the water intake gate are obtained.

[0058] The weir flow formula is used to construct the relationship between the flow rate and water level of drainage gates and water intake gates. By using the weir flow formula to calculate the flow rate based on the scale of drainage gates and water intake gates, the relationship between the flow rate and water level of drainage gates and water intake gates can be obtained.

[0059] S3012, based on the relationship between the flow rate and water level of the drainage gate and the flow rate and water level of the water intake gate, combined with the external tide curve, the reservoir capacity curve and the scheduling operation plan, the hourly flow rate of the drainage gate and the water intake gate is obtained by using the reservoir regulation calculation method.

[0060] After obtaining the relationship between the flow rate and water level of the drainage gate and the water intake gate, and combining the external tide level curve, the reservoir capacity curve, and the scheduling and operation plan, the hourly flow rate of the drainage gate and the water intake gate is calculated using the reservoir regulation calculation method. The hourly flow rate of the drainage gate and the water intake gate is used as the model calculation boundary of the drainage gate and the water intake gate in the numerical model, which improves the convenience of obtaining the hydraulic residence time of the entire reservoir area.

[0061] S302, based on the topographic data of the tidal river section of the reservoir under study, divides the reservoir into multiple grid cells and uses the hourly flow rates of the drainage gates and water diversion gates as the calculation boundaries to obtain a three-dimensional numerical model of the reservoir. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 Step S202 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0062] S303, based on the aforementioned three-dimensional numerical model of the lake / reservoir, a tracking substance is set at the boundary of the water diversion gate. The concentration of the tracking substance in each grid cell at each time step is obtained through model simulation. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 Step S203 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0063] S304, based on the tracked substance concentration of each grid cell at each time step, the hydraulic residence time of each grid cell is obtained by processing it using discrimination criteria and the hydraulic residence time calculation formula. The discrimination criteria include whether the water replacement rate of each grid cell at each time step is less than or equal to a preset value. For details, please refer to [link to details]. Figure 2 Step S204 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0064] S305 imports the hydraulic residence time of all grid cells into the computational grid of the lake / reservoir 3D numerical model, and processes it using contour line construction to obtain a spatial distribution map of the hydraulic residence time across the entire lake / reservoir area. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 Step S205 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0065] The method for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time in a tidal river section and reservoir provided in this invention utilizes the weir flow formula and scheduling operation scheme. By combining the tidal level curve outside the gate and the reservoir capacity curve, the hourly flow rates of the intake and drainage gates are calculated. Then, using the hourly flow rates of the intake and drainage gates as the calculation boundary conditions, the reservoir topography is divided into multiple grid units to construct a three-dimensional numerical model of the reservoir. Simultaneously, a tracking substance is set at the intake gate, and the concentration of the tracking substance in each grid unit at each time step is obtained through model simulation. Then, using the discrimination condition and the hydraulic residence time calculation formula, the hydraulic residence time of each grid unit is obtained. By constructing contour lines for the same hydraulic residence time in different grid units, the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time in the entire reservoir is determined, achieving the goal of accurately identifying the key areas of water retention in the reservoir.

[0066] This embodiment provides a method for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time across the entire tidal river section and lake / reservoir area, which can be used in the aforementioned server terminal, and includes the following steps: S401, based on the drainage and intake gates of the tidal river section and reservoir under study, and combining the external tidal level curve, reservoir capacity curve, and scheduling operation plan, uses the weir flow formula and reservoir regulation calculation method to obtain the hourly flow rates of the drainage and intake gates. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 Step S201 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0067] S402, based on topographic data of the tidal river section of the reservoir under study, divides the reservoir into multiple grid cells and uses the hourly flow rates of the drainage and diversion gates as the computational boundaries to obtain a three-dimensional numerical model of the reservoir. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 Step S202 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0068] S403, based on the aforementioned three-dimensional numerical model of the lake / reservoir, tracking materials are set at the boundary of the water diversion gate, and the concentration of tracking materials in each grid cell at each time step is obtained through model simulation. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 Step S203 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0069] S404, based on the tracking substance concentration of each grid cell at each time step, the hydraulic residence time of each grid cell is obtained by processing it using discrimination conditions and hydraulic residence time calculation formula. The discrimination conditions include whether the water replacement rate of each grid cell at each time step is less than or equal to a preset value.

[0070] Specifically, S404 includes: S4041, based on the tracking substance concentration of each grid cell at each time step, uses the water replacement rate conversion formula to obtain the water replacement rate of each grid cell at each time step.

[0071] For example, the water replacement rate conversion formula satisfies: , in, Indicates the first The first time step Water replacement rate per grid cell; Indicates the first The first time step The concentration of the tracked substance in each grid cell.

[0072] The water replacement rate conversion formula constructs the water replacement rate of each grid cell at each time step and the tracking substance concentration of each grid cell at each time step. It can convert the tracking substance concentration of each grid cell at each time step into the water replacement rate of the corresponding grid cell at the corresponding time step, improve the convenience of processing the water replacement rate of each grid cell at each time step using the discrimination condition, facilitate the acquisition of the hydraulic residence time of water in each grid cell, and thus determine the spatial distribution of the hydraulic residence time of the entire lake and reservoir.

[0073] S4042, based on the water replacement rate of each grid cell at each time step, uses discrimination conditions to process and obtain the discrimination factor of each grid cell at each time step.

[0074] The discrimination criteria include: when the water replacement rate of a certain grid cell at any time step is less than or equal to a preset value, the discrimination factor of the corresponding grid cell at the corresponding time step is 1, otherwise it is 0.

[0075] Due to the considerable depth of the lake / reservoir, the surface flow velocity is high while the bottom flow velocity is low, making it difficult to completely replace the bottom water. Once the concentration of the tracked substance in the grid cell decreases to 25 mg / L, i.e., the water replacement rate reaches 75%, the rate of change in the concentration of the tracked substance in the grid cell begins to slow down. Therefore, the time required for the water replacement rate of a grid cell to reach 75% is called the hydraulic retention time of that grid cell.

[0076] The entire lake and reservoir area typically contains tens of thousands of grid cells. The time step in the model simulation process is 1 hour. Simulating each grid cell for 30 days will produce 720 sets of results. By using discrimination conditions to batch process the result data, the material concentration of all grid cells in all time steps is batch converted into discrimination factors.

[0077] The discrimination condition can be expressed as: , in, Indicates the first The first time step The discriminant factor for each grid cell; Indicates the first The first time step Water replacement rate per grid cell.

[0078] S4043, combining the discrimination factors of each grid cell at each time step, and using the hydraulic residence time calculation formula, the hydraulic residence time of each grid cell is obtained; For example, the formula for calculating the hydraulic residence time satisfies: , in, Indicates the first Hydraulic residence time of each grid cell; Indicates the first The first time step The discriminant factor for each grid cell; Indicates the first One time step; This indicates the total number of time steps.

[0079] The hydraulic residence time calculation formula establishes the correlation between the discriminant factor of each grid cell at each time step and the hydraulic residence time of each grid cell. It can integrate the discriminant factors of each grid cell at each time step to obtain the hydraulic residence time of each grid cell, thereby improving the efficiency of obtaining the hydraulic residence time of each grid cell in the lake and reservoir and ensuring the convenience of obtaining the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time in the lake and reservoir.

[0080] By using the water replacement rate conversion formula, the tracking substance concentration of each grid cell at each time step is converted into the water replacement rate of each grid cell at each time step. Then, using the discrimination conditions, the discrimination factors of each grid cell at each time step are combined, and the hydraulic residence time calculation formula is used to determine the hydraulic residence time of each grid cell. This facilitates the determination of the distribution of hydraulic residence time in lakes and reservoirs, and achieves the goal of accurately identifying key areas of water retention.

[0081] S405 imports the hydraulic residence time of all grid cells into the computational grid of the lake / reservoir 3D numerical model, and processes it using contour line construction to obtain a spatial distribution map of the hydraulic residence time across the entire lake / reservoir area. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 Step S205 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0082] The method for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time across a tidal river section and a reservoir, provided in this embodiment of the invention, utilizes the weir flow formula and scheduling operation scheme. By combining the tidal level curve outside the gate and the reservoir capacity curve, the hourly flow rates of the intake and drainage gates are calculated. Then, using the hourly flow rates of the intake and drainage gates as the calculation boundary of the model, the reservoir topography is divided into multiple grid units to construct a three-dimensional numerical model of the reservoir. Simultaneously, a tracking substance is set at the intake gate, and the concentration of the tracking substance in each grid unit at each time step is obtained through model simulation. Then, using the discrimination condition and the hydraulic residence time calculation formula, the hydraulic residence time of each grid unit is obtained. By constructing contour lines for the same hydraulic residence time in different grid units, the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time across the entire reservoir is determined, achieving the goal of accurately identifying the key areas of water retention in the reservoir.

[0083] This embodiment also provides a device for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time across the entire tidal river section and lake / reservoir area. This device is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments, and details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that performs a predetermined function. Although the device described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0084] This embodiment provides a device for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time across the entire tidal river section, lake, and reservoir area, such as... Figure 12 As shown, it includes: The flow acquisition module 510 is used to obtain the hourly flow of the drainage gate and water intake gate of the tidal river section and the lake and reservoir under study, based on the external tide level curve, the reservoir capacity curve and the scheduling operation plan, using the weir flow formula and the lake and reservoir regulation calculation method. The model building module 520 is used to divide the lake and reservoir into multiple grid units based on the topographic data of the tidal river section to be studied, and to obtain a three-dimensional numerical model of the lake and reservoir by using the hourly flow of the drainage gate and the water diversion gate as the calculation boundary. The data simulation module 530 is used to set tracking substances at the boundary of the water diversion gate based on the three-dimensional numerical model of the lake and reservoir, and to process them by model simulation to obtain the tracking substance concentration of each grid cell at each time step. The data processing module 540 is used to process the tracking substance concentration of each grid cell at each time step using discrimination conditions and hydraulic residence time calculation formula to obtain the hydraulic residence time of each grid cell. The discrimination conditions include whether the water replacement rate of each grid cell at each time step is less than or equal to a preset value. The output module 550 is used to import the hydraulic residence time of all grid cells into the computational grid of the three-dimensional numerical model of the lake and reservoir, and process it by constructing contour lines to obtain a spatial distribution map of the hydraulic residence time of the entire lake and reservoir area.

[0085] In some alternative implementations, the traffic acquisition module 510 includes: The first calculation unit 5101 is used to calculate the flow through the gates based on the drainage gates and water intake gates of the tidal river section and reservoir to be studied, using the weir flow formula, and to obtain the relationship between the flow and water level of the drainage gate and the flow and water level of the water intake gate. The second calculation unit 5102 is used to obtain the hourly flow rate of the drainage gate and the water intake gate based on the relationship between the flow rate and water level of the drainage gate and the water intake gate, combined with the external tide curve, the reservoir capacity curve and the scheduling operation plan, and using the reservoir regulation calculation method.

[0086] In some optional implementations, the scheduling and execution scheme in the second computing unit includes: When the tide level outside the sluice gate is higher than the water level of the lake or reservoir, close the drainage sluice gate and open the water intake sluice gate; When the water level of the lake or reservoir reaches the high operating level, the water intake gates will be closed. When the tide level outside the sluice gate is lower than the water level of the lake or reservoir, close the water intake gate and open the drainage gate; When the water level of the lake or reservoir reaches the low operating level, the drainage gates are closed.

[0087] In some alternative implementations, the data processing module 540 includes: The data conversion unit 5401 is used to obtain the water replacement rate of each grid cell at each time step based on the tracking substance concentration of each grid cell at each time step using the water replacement rate conversion formula; The condition discrimination unit 5402 is used to process the water replacement rate of each grid cell at each time step using discrimination conditions to obtain the discrimination factor of each grid cell at each time step; The result output unit 5403 is used to integrate the discrimination factors of each grid cell at each time step and obtain the hydraulic residence time of each grid cell using the hydraulic residence time calculation formula. The discrimination criteria include: when the water replacement rate of a certain grid cell at any time step is less than or equal to a preset value, the discrimination factor of the corresponding grid cell at the corresponding time step is 1; otherwise, it is 0.

[0088] In some optional implementations, the water replacement rate conversion formula of the data conversion unit 5401 satisfies: , in, Indicates the first The first time step Water replacement rate per grid cell; Indicates the first The first time step The concentration of the tracked substance in each grid cell.

[0089] In some alternative implementations, the hydraulic residence time calculation formula of the result output unit 5403 satisfies: , in, Indicates the first Hydraulic residence time of each grid cell; Indicates the first The first time step The discriminant factor for each grid cell; Indicates the first One time step; This indicates the total number of time steps.

[0090] The device for calculating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time in tidal river sections and lakes provided in this embodiment of the invention can execute the method for calculating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time in tidal river sections and lakes provided in any embodiment of the invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the method. Further functional descriptions of the above modules and units are the same as in the corresponding embodiments described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0091] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0092] The following is a detailed reference. Figure 13 This diagram illustrates a suitable structural design for implementing an electronic device according to embodiments of the present invention. The electronic device may include a processor (e.g., a central processing unit, graphics processor, etc.) 601, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on a program stored in read-only memory (ROM) 602 or a program loaded from memory 608 into random access memory (RAM) 603. RAM 603 also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device. The processor 601, ROM 602, and RAM 603 are interconnected via a bus 604. An input / output (I / O) interface 605 is also connected to the bus 604.

[0093] Typically, the following devices can be connected to I / O interface 605: input devices 606 including, for example, touchscreens, touchpads, keyboards, mice, cameras, microphones, accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc.; output devices 607 including, for example, liquid crystal displays (LCDs), speakers, vibrators, etc.; memory devices 608 including, for example, magnetic tapes, hard disks, etc.; and communication devices 609. Communication device 609 allows electronic devices to communicate wirelessly or wiredly with other devices to exchange data. Although Figure 13 Electronic devices with various devices are shown, but it should be understood that it is not required to implement or have all of the devices shown, and more or fewer devices may be implemented or have instead.

[0094] In particular, according to embodiments of the present invention, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of the present invention include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a non-transitory computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via a communication device 609, or installed from a memory 608, or installed from a ROM 602. When the computer program is executed by the processor 601, it performs the functions defined in the method for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time across the entire tidal river segment and reservoir area according to embodiments of the present invention.

[0095] Figure 13 The electronic device shown is merely an example and should not be construed as limiting the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0096] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The methods described above according to embodiments of the invention can be implemented in hardware or firmware, or implemented as computer code that can be recorded on a storage medium, or implemented as computer code downloaded via a network and originally stored on a remote storage medium or a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium and then stored on a local storage medium. Thus, the methods described herein can be processed by software stored on a storage medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory, random access memory, flash memory, hard disk, or solid-state drive, etc.; further, the storage medium can also include combinations of the above types of memory. It is understood that computers, processors, microprocessor controllers, or programmable hardware include storage components capable of storing or receiving software or computer code. When the software or computer code is accessed and executed by the computer, processor, or hardware, the method for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time across the entire tidal river section and reservoir shown in the above embodiments is implemented.

[0097] A portion of this invention can be applied as a computer program product, such as computer program instructions, which, when executed by a computer, can invoke or provide the methods and / or technical solutions according to the invention through the operation of the computer. Those skilled in the art will understand that the forms in which computer program instructions exist in a computer-readable medium include, but are not limited to, source files, executable files, installation package files, etc. Correspondingly, the ways in which computer program instructions are executed by a computer include, but are not limited to: the computer directly executing the instructions, or the computer compiling the instructions and then executing the corresponding compiled program, or the computer reading and executing the instructions, or the computer reading and installing the instructions and then executing the corresponding installed program. Here, the computer-readable medium can be any available computer-readable storage medium or communication medium accessible to a computer.

[0098] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time across the entire area of ​​a tidal river section, lake, or reservoir, characterized in that, The method includes: Based on the drainage gates and water intake gates of the tidal river section and reservoir to be studied, combined with the external tide level curve, reservoir capacity curve and scheduling operation plan, the hourly flow rate of the drainage gates and water intake gates is obtained by using the weir flow formula and reservoir regulation calculation method. Based on the topographic data of the tidal river section lakes and reservoirs to be studied, the lakes and reservoirs are divided into multiple grid units, and the hourly flow rates of the drainage gates and water diversion gates are used as the calculation boundaries to obtain a three-dimensional numerical model of the lakes and reservoirs. Based on the three-dimensional numerical model of the lake and reservoir, tracking substances are set at the boundary of the water diversion gate, and the model simulation is used to process the data to obtain the concentration of tracking substances in each grid cell at each time step. Based on the tracking substance concentration of each grid cell at each time step, the hydraulic residence time of each grid cell is obtained by processing the discriminant condition and the hydraulic residence time calculation formula. The discriminant condition includes whether the water replacement rate of each grid cell at each time step is less than or equal to a preset value. The hydraulic residence time of all grid cells was imported into the computational grid of the three-dimensional numerical model of the lake and reservoir, and processed using the method of constructing contour lines to obtain a spatial distribution map of the hydraulic residence time of the entire lake and reservoir area.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage and diversion gates of the lake / reservoir in the tidal river section under study are used, combined with the external tidal level curve, the reservoir capacity curve, and the scheduling and operation plan, and employing the weir flow formula and lake / reservoir regulation calculation method, to obtain the hourly flow rates of the drainage and diversion gates, including: Based on the drainage gates and water intake gates of the lake and reservoir under study, the flow rate through the gates is calculated using the weir flow formula, and the relationship between the flow rate and water level of the drainage gates and the flow rate and water level of the water intake gates are obtained. Based on the relationship between the flow rate and water level of the drainage gate and the water level of the water intake gate, combined with the external tide curve, the reservoir capacity curve and the scheduling operation plan, the hourly flow rate of the drainage gate and the water intake gate is obtained by using the reservoir regulation calculation method.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The scheduling and operation scheme includes: When the tide level outside the sluice gate is higher than the water level of the lake or reservoir, close the drainage sluice gate and open the water intake sluice gate; When the water level of the lake or reservoir reaches the high operating level, the water intake gates will be closed. When the tide level outside the sluice gate is lower than the water level of the lake or reservoir, close the water intake gate and open the drainage gate; When the water level of the lake or reservoir reaches the low operating level, the drainage gates are closed.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tracking substance concentration based on each grid cell at each time step is processed using discrimination criteria and the hydraulic residence time calculation formula to obtain the hydraulic residence time of each grid cell, including: Based on the tracking substance concentration of each grid cell at each time step, the water replacement rate of each grid cell at each time step is obtained using the water replacement rate conversion formula; Based on the water replacement rate of each grid cell at each time step, the discrimination factor of each grid cell at each time step is obtained by processing the discrimination condition. By combining the discrimination factors of each grid cell at each time step, the hydraulic residence time of each grid cell is obtained using the hydraulic residence time calculation formula; The discrimination criteria include: when the water replacement rate of a certain grid cell at any time step is less than or equal to a preset value, the discrimination factor of the corresponding grid cell at the corresponding time step is 1; otherwise, it is 0.

5. The method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the hydraulic residence time satisfies: ， in, Indicates the first Hydraulic residence time of each grid cell; Indicates the first The first time step The discriminant factor for each grid cell; Indicates the first One time step; This indicates the total number of time steps.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The water replacement rate conversion formula satisfies: ， in, Indicates the first The first time step Water replacement rate per grid cell; Indicates the first The first time step The concentration of the tracked substance in each grid cell.

7. A device for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time across a tidal river section, lake, or reservoir, characterized in that... The device includes: The flow acquisition module is used to obtain the hourly flow of the drainage gates and water intake gates of the tidal river section and lake / reservoir under study, based on the external tide level curve, the reservoir capacity curve and the scheduling operation plan, using the weir flow formula and the lake / reservoir regulation calculation method. The model building module is used to divide the lake and reservoir into multiple grid cells based on the topographic data of the tidal river section to be studied, and to obtain a three-dimensional numerical model of the lake and reservoir by using the hourly flow of the drainage gate and the water diversion gate as the calculation boundary. The data simulation module is used to set tracking substances at the boundary of the water diversion gate based on the three-dimensional numerical model of the lake and reservoir, and process them using model simulation to obtain the tracking substance concentration of each grid cell at each time step. The data processing module is used to process the tracking substance concentration of each grid cell at each time step using discrimination conditions and hydraulic residence time calculation formula to obtain the hydraulic residence time of each grid cell. The discrimination conditions include whether the water replacement rate of each grid cell at each time step is less than or equal to a preset value. The results output module is used to import the hydraulic residence time of all grid cells into the computational grid of the three-dimensional numerical model of the lake and reservoir, and process it using the method of constructing contour lines to obtain a spatial distribution map of the hydraulic residence time of the entire lake and reservoir area.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The system includes a memory and a processor, which are interconnected. The memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to perform the method for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time in the entire tidal river section of lakes and reservoirs as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, which are used to cause the computer to execute the method for calculating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time in the entire tidal river section and lake reservoir as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, The method includes computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the method for estimating the spatial distribution of hydraulic residence time in the entire tidal river section and lake / reservoir area as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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