Multi-stage uniform stirring preparation device and method for multi-element solid waste paste

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-stage uniform stirring preparation device and method for multi-element solid waste paste, belongs to the technical field of metal mine tailing filling, and solves the problems that an existing paste preparation method is not high in stirring applicability for the multi-element solid waste paste, the stirring efficiency is poor, and slurry is not uniform. The device comprises a three-stage gradient uniform stirring mechanism, a dynamic rheological regulation and control module and an intelligent adaptive control unit, multi-stage uniform stirring and multiple stirring modes are utilized, corresponding stirring modes are adopted for materials with different particle sizes, multi-element solid waste generated by a mine is fully utilized, discharge of the mine solid waste is greatly reduced, the cost of a mine filling process is reduced, and finally paste filling slurry which is uniform in stirring and good in performance is formed. The method is suitable for recycling mine solid wastes such as metal and nonmetal and goaf treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of metal mine tailings backfilling technology, specifically relating to a multi-element solid waste paste preparation device and method with multi-stage uniform stirring. Background Technology

[0002] Paste backfilling, with its advantages of non-segregation, non-dehydration, and non-stratification, is gradually becoming the development direction of backfilling mining technology in the 21st century. In recent years, with the in-depth promotion of the concept of green mining, paste backfilling technology has become a core means of resource utilization of mine solid waste and goaf management. This technology prepares a high-concentration, non-Newtonian fluid-like backfill paste slurry by combining solid waste such as tailings and waste rock generated in mining production with cementing materials, which has multiple benefits such as supporting the stope, solid waste disposal, and environmental protection. However, as the composition of mine solid waste becomes increasingly complex, traditional mixing processes have exposed significant technical bottlenecks when dealing with the mixing of multi-scale and multi-phase materials, seriously restricting the homogenization preparation and engineering application effects of paste. The current mainstream paste preparation process mostly adopts the "concentrated tailings + cementing material" mixing mode, and most of them use a single-stage vertical mixing tank or horizontal mixer for mixing. A few mines use a two-stage vertical mixing tank for mixing. However, with the increasing trend of solid waste resource utilization, the composition of pastes has expanded from single tailings and waste rock to multi-component solid waste pastes containing tailings, waste rock, solid waste cementing materials, smelting slag, and other materials at multiple scales. Multi-component solid waste pastes are composite slurries made by adding cementing materials, waste rock, smelting slag, additives, etc., to concentrated whole tailings slurry and then stirring. They are characterized by multiple material components, cross-scale particles, and high solid content. However, the addition of multi-component solid wastes results in the slurry containing multiple scales, including waste rock with a particle size of less than 16 mm, slag with a particle size of less than 5 mm, and whole tailings with a particle size of less than 0.1 mm. Due to the differences in density and particle size, the multi-scale particles cause severe stratification during the mixing process. The single-stage vertical stirring and horizontal stirring methods used in traditional whole tailings paste slurries are not very suitable for the stirring of multi-component solid waste pastes, and are prone to problems such as poor stirring efficiency and uneven slurry. To address the above problems, we propose a multi-stage uniform stirring preparation device and method for multi-component solid waste pastes. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a multi-stage uniform mixing preparation device and method for multi-component solid waste paste. By classifying and processing cementitious materials, tailings, and coarse aggregates, the invention solves the problem of uneven mixing of materials at multiple scales and improves the fluidity and mechanical properties of the paste.

[0004] This invention is achieved by providing a multi-stage uniform stirring device for preparing a multi-component solid waste paste, the device comprising: The three-stage gradient uniform mixing mechanism is used for multi-stage uniform mixing of multi-component solid waste paste raw materials. The dynamic rheological control module is electrically connected to the three-stage gradient uniform stirring mechanism and is used to collect data on the yield stress, viscosity, dispersion of cementitious materials, and torque of the stirring shaft of the paste slurry in real time. The intelligent adaptation control unit is electrically connected to the dynamic rheological control module. It is used to receive data on the yield stress, viscosity, dispersion of cementitious materials, and torque of the stirring shaft of the paste slurry uploaded by the dynamic rheological control module, and to adjust the control parameters of the three-stage gradient uniform stirring mechanism.

[0005] Preferably, the three-stage gradient uniform stirring mechanism includes: The primary mortar mixing tank is used to mix solid waste-based cementitious materials, water, and additives to produce cementitious slurry, and then transports the produced cementitious slurry to the secondary mortar mixing tank. The secondary mortar mixing tank is connected to the primary mortar mixing tank and is used to mix and process the cementitious slurry and concentrated tailings mortar to produce adhesive tailings mortar, and then transports the produced adhesive tailings mortar to the tertiary horizontal mixer. The three-stage horizontal mixer is connected to the two-stage mortar mixing tank and is used to mix and process adhesive-finished mortar, waste rock, and smelting slag, and to prepare a uniform multi-element solid waste paste slurry through mixing.

[0006] Preferably, the primary mortar mixing tank comprises: The primary mixing tank is used to store the solid waste-based cementitious materials, water, and additives to be mixed. A primary stirring shaft is installed inside the primary stirring tank. The primary stirring shaft is equipped with primary upper stirring blades and primary lower stirring blades, which are used to stir and mix solid waste-based cementitious materials, water, and additives.

[0007] Preferably, the secondary mortar mixing tank comprises: The secondary mixing tank is in communication with the primary mixing tank. A secondary mixing shaft is installed inside the secondary mixing tank, and a secondary upper mixing blade and a secondary lower mixing blade are installed on the secondary mixing shaft. The secondary upper mixing blade and the secondary lower mixing blade are used to mix and treat the cementitious slurry and concentrated tailings slurry.

[0008] Preferably, the three-stage horizontal mixer comprises: The three-stage mixing tank is connected to the two-stage mixing tank. A three-stage mixing shaft is installed inside the three-stage mixing tank. Three-stage mixing blades and a three-stage mixing spiral are installed on the three-stage mixing shaft. The three-stage mixing blades and the three-stage mixing spiral are used to mix and process adhesive-finished mortar, waste rock, and smelting slag.

[0009] Preferably, the dynamic rheological control module includes an online rheometer, a near-infrared spectrometer, and a torque sensor. The online rheometer is used to collect the yield stress and viscosity of the paste slurry in real time, the near-infrared spectrometer is used to collect the dispersion of the cementitious material in the paste slurry in real time, and the torque sensor is used to collect the torque data of the stirring shaft in real time.

[0010] Preferably, the intelligent adaptation control unit includes a genetic algorithm optimization model, which is used to adjust the rotation speed, feeding rate and residence time of the three-stage gradient uniform stirring mechanism based on the yield stress, viscosity, dispersion of cementitious materials and stirring shaft torque data of the paste slurry uploaded by the dynamic rheological control module.

[0011] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a multi-component solid waste paste by multi-stage uniform stirring, the method comprising: S10, add solid waste-based cementitious material, water and admixtures to the primary mortar mixing tank and stir, monitor and adjust the stirring process in real time, and obtain a homogeneous cementitious material slurry through stirring. S20: The homogeneous cementitious material slurry and concentrated tailings mortar produced by the primary mortar mixing tank are added to the secondary mortar mixing tank for mixing. The mixing process is monitored and adjusted in real time to obtain homogeneous cementitious tailings mortar. S30: Start the three-stage horizontal mixer, add the product adhesive mortar from the two-stage mortar mixing tank, waste rock, and smelting slag to the three-stage horizontal mixer for mixing, monitor the mixing process in real time and adjust accordingly, and obtain a uniform multi-element solid waste paste slurry.

[0012] Preferably, the solid waste-based cementitious material is a mixture of slag, fly ash and cement with a particle size of less than 5 mm, the concentrated tailings slurry has a tailings particle size of less than 0.1 mm, and the waste rock is underground waste rock with a particle size of less than 16 mm.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of this application have the following main advantages: In this embodiment of the invention, multi-stage uniform stirring and various stirring methods are used to apply corresponding stirring methods to materials of different particle sizes, making full use of the multi-component solid waste generated in mines. This significantly reduces the emission of mine solid waste and lowers the cost of mine backfilling processes, ultimately forming a uniformly stirred and high-performance paste-like backfill slurry. This multi-stage uniform stirring method for preparing multi-component solid waste paste has significant practical value and is applicable to the resource utilization of solid waste from metal and non-metal mines and the remediation of mined-out areas.

[0014] In this embodiment of the invention, the three-stage gradient uniform mixing mechanism consists of a primary slurry mixing tank, a secondary mortar mixing tank, and a tertiary horizontal mixer connected in series. The product of each stage mixer serves as the raw material for the next stage mixer, until a uniform multi-element solid waste paste slurry is generated. Solid waste-based cementitious materials, water, and additives are added to the primary vertical mixing tank to prepare a cementitious material slurry. The prepared cementitious material slurry and concentrated tailings slurry are added to the secondary vertical mixing tank to prepare a cemented tailings mortar. The cemented tailings mortar, waste rock, and smelting slag are added to the tertiary horizontal mixing tank, and after mixing, a uniform multi-element solid waste paste slurry is obtained. The three-stage gradient uniform mixing mechanism is precisely matched to the material dimensions, fundamentally solving the contradiction between uniformity, strength, and cost in the preparation of multi-element solid waste paste. Its technical advantages are not only reflected in the improvement of process indicators, but also in the dynamic optimization of the production process through intelligent control, providing efficient and reliable technical support for the resource utilization of mine solid waste.

[0015] In this embodiment of the invention, the 28-day compressive strength of the multi-component solid waste paste prepared by the multi-stage uniform stirring method can be significantly improved to 6-8 MPa, which is significantly higher than that of the traditional stirring preparation method. Simultaneously, the intelligent adaptive control unit adjusts the stirring and conveying parameters in real time, ensuring a material distribution uniformity of over 95% in the slurry, with density fluctuations of <±2%, effectively guaranteeing the excellent pumpability and molding quality of the paste. This process, achieving a solid waste content of over 85% for tailings, waste rock, and smelting slag, not only significantly improves the resource utilization rate of solid waste but also reduces the overall production cost by approximately 20%, providing a reliable technical path for the large-scale, stable preparation of high-performance solid waste pastes. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the multi-stage uniform stirring preparation device for multi-component solid waste paste is shown.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-stage gradient uniform stirring mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the primary mortar mixing tank provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the two-stage mortar mixing tank provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the three-stage horizontal mixer provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the process for preparing multi-component solid waste paste by multi-stage uniform stirring is shown.

[0022] In the diagram: 100 - Three-stage gradient uniform mixing mechanism, 110 - First-stage mortar mixing tank, 111 - First-stage mixing tank body, 112 - First-stage mixing shaft, 1131 - First-stage upper mixing blade, 1132 - First-stage lower mixing blade, 120 - Second-stage mortar mixing tank, 121 - Second-stage mixing tank body, 122 - Second-stage mixing shaft, 1231 - Second-stage upper mixing blade, 1232 - Second-stage lower mixing blade, 130 - Three-stage horizontal mixer, 131 - Three-stage mixing tank, 132 - Three-stage mixing shaft, 133 - Three-stage mixing blade, 134 - Three-stage mixing spiral, 200 - Dynamic rheological control module, 210 - Online rheometer, 220 - Near-infrared spectrometer, 230 - Torque sensor, 300 - Intelligent adaptation control unit, 310 - Genetic algorithm optimization model. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used herein in the specification of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, or foregoing drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a particular order.

[0024] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0025] Currently, mainstream paste preparation processes generally employ single-stage vertical mixing tanks or single-stage horizontal mixers for mixing, with waste rock, tailings, and cementing materials directly mixed within them. Some mines use two-stage mixing. For example, in two-stage vertical mixing, cementing materials are first added to a first vertical mixing tank (mortar tank), and then the mixed cementing slurry, waste rock, and tailings are added to a second vertical mixing tank (mortar tank) to prepare the paste. In two-stage horizontal mixing, waste rock, tailings, and cementing materials are added to a first horizontal mixer, and after preliminary mixing, they are added to a second horizontal mixer for secondary mixing to prepare the paste. However, as the composition of mine solid waste becomes increasingly complex, the raw materials for paste preparation exhibit characteristics of multi-scale and multi-phase materials. Traditional single-stage or two-stage mixing processes are gradually showing phenomena such as increased mixing time and decreased uniformity of the mixing products. Therefore, we propose a multi-stage uniform stirring preparation device and method for multi-component solid waste paste based on the particle size of the stirred materials. This method divides the paste components into three stages from fine to coarse for stirring, and uses corresponding stirring processes for materials of different sizes to achieve a more efficient production of a more homogeneous paste slurry. In this embodiment of the invention, multi-stage uniform stirring and multiple stirring methods are used to apply corresponding stirring methods to materials of different particle sizes, making full use of multi-component solid waste generated in mines, greatly reducing the emission of mine solid waste and the cost of mine backfilling processes, and finally forming a uniformly stirred and high-performance paste backfilling slurry. This multi-stage uniform stirring preparation method for multi-component solid waste paste has significant practical value and is applicable to the resource utilization of solid waste from metal and non-metal mines and the remediation of mined-out areas.

[0026] This invention provides a multi-stage uniform stirring device for preparing multi-component solid waste paste, such as... Figure 1 The diagram shows the architecture of a multi-stage uniform stirring preparation device for multi-component solid waste paste. This device specifically includes: The three-stage gradient uniform mixing mechanism 100 is used for multi-stage uniform mixing of multi-component solid waste paste raw materials. The dynamic rheological control module 200 is electrically connected to the three-stage gradient uniform stirring mechanism 100 and is used to collect data on the yield stress, viscosity, dispersion of cementitious materials and stirring shaft torque of the paste slurry in real time. The intelligent adaptation control unit 300 is electrically connected to the dynamic rheology control module 200 and is used to receive data on the yield stress, viscosity, dispersion of cementitious materials, and torque of the stirring shaft of the paste slurry uploaded by the dynamic rheology control module 200, and to adjust the control parameters of the three-stage gradient uniform stirring mechanism 100.

[0027] In this embodiment of the invention, multi-stage uniform stirring and various stirring methods are used to apply corresponding stirring methods to materials of different particle sizes, making full use of the multi-component solid waste generated in mines. This significantly reduces the emission of mine solid waste and lowers the cost of mine backfilling processes, ultimately forming a uniformly stirred and high-performance paste-like backfill slurry. This multi-stage uniform stirring method for preparing multi-component solid waste paste has significant practical value and is applicable to the resource utilization of solid waste from metal and non-metal mines and the remediation of mined-out areas.

[0028] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, the three-stage gradient uniform stirring mechanism 100 includes: The primary mortar mixing tank 110 is used to mix solid waste-based cementitious materials, water and additives to prepare cementitious slurry, and then transport the prepared cementitious slurry to the secondary mortar mixing tank 120. The secondary mortar mixing tank 120 is connected to the primary mortar mixing tank 110 and is used to mix and process the cementitious material slurry and concentrated tailings mortar to produce adhesive tailings mortar, and then transports the produced adhesive tailings mortar to the tertiary horizontal mixer 130. The primary mortar mixing tank 110 and the secondary mortar mixing tank 120 are both vertical mixers. The primary mortar mixing tank 110 is used to add solid waste-based cementitious materials, additives (optional) and water to the vertical mixing tank in proportion to produce cementitious material slurry. The secondary mortar mixing tank 120 inputs concentrated tailings slurry and primary cementitious material slurry into the secondary mixing tank 121 in a fixed mass ratio to produce cemented tailings slurry.

[0029] The three-stage horizontal mixer 130 is connected to the two-stage mortar mixing tank 120 and is used to mix and process adhesive-finished mortar, waste rock, and smelting slag, and to prepare a uniform multi-element solid waste paste slurry through mixing.

[0030] In this embodiment, the three-stage horizontal mixer 130 is a horizontal mixer used to transport the secondary adhesive tailing sand slurry, waste rock (particle size <16mm), and smelting slag (optional, particle size <5mm) to the three-stage mixing tank 131 at a fixed mass ratio, and mix at a speed of 50r / min for 5-10 minutes to obtain a uniform multi-element solid waste paste slurry.

[0031] In this embodiment of the invention, the three-stage gradient uniform mixing mechanism 100 is composed of a primary slurry mixing tank 110, a secondary mortar mixing tank 120, and a tertiary horizontal mixer 130 connected in series. The product of each stage mixer serves as the raw material for the next stage mixer, until a uniform multi-element solid waste paste slurry is generated. Solid waste-based cementitious materials, water, and additives are added to the primary vertical mixing tank to prepare a cementitious material slurry. The prepared cementitious material slurry and concentrated tailings slurry are added to the secondary vertical mixing tank to prepare a cemented tailings mortar. The cemented tailings mortar, waste rock, and smelting slag are added to the tertiary horizontal mixing tank, and after mixing, a uniform multi-element solid waste paste slurry is obtained. The three-stage gradient uniform mixing mechanism 100 is precisely matched with the material dimensions, fundamentally solving the contradiction between uniformity, strength, and cost in the preparation of multi-element solid waste paste. Its technical advantages are not only reflected in the improvement of process indicators, but also in the dynamic optimization of the production process through intelligent control, providing efficient and reliable technical support for the resource utilization of mine solid waste.

[0032] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, the primary mortar mixing tank 110 includes: The primary mixing tank 111 is used to store the solid waste-based cementitious material, water and additives to be mixed. The primary mixing tank 111 can be a hollow cylindrical tank or a cylindrical seat structure. The inner wall of the primary mixing tank 111 is polished. A first motor for driving the primary mixing shaft 112 can be fixedly installed on the top of the primary mixing tank 111. The first motor is connected to the primary mixing shaft 112. A primary stirring shaft 112 is disposed inside the primary stirring tank 111. A primary upper stirring blade 1131 and a primary lower stirring blade 1132 are installed on the primary stirring shaft 112. The primary upper stirring blade 1131 and the primary lower stirring blade 1132 are used to stir and mix solid waste-based cementitious materials, water and additives.

[0033] In this embodiment, the primary mixing tank 111 serves as the stage for mixing solid waste-based cementitious materials, water, and additives (optional). It needs to have a good dispersing effect on fine-particle dry powder cementitious materials and break up the agglomerates in the cementitious material slurry to make it a uniform cementitious material slurry. Therefore, the rotation speed of its mixing shaft needs to be faster.

[0034] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, the secondary mortar mixing tank 120 includes: The secondary mixing tank 121 is in communication with the primary mixing tank 111; A secondary mixing shaft 122 is disposed inside the secondary mixing tank 121, and a secondary upper mixing blade 1231 and a secondary lower mixing blade 1232 are installed on the secondary mixing shaft 122. The secondary upper mixing blade 1231 and the secondary lower mixing blade 1232 are used for mixing and treating the cementitious slurry and concentrated tailings slurry.

[0035] In this embodiment, the secondary mixing tank 121 can be connected to the primary mixing tank 111 through a branch pipe, and the internal structure of the secondary mixing tank 121 can be similar to that of the primary mixing tank 111.

[0036] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, the three-stage horizontal mixer 130 includes: A three-stage mixing tank 131 is connected to a two-stage mixing tank 121. A three-stage mixing shaft 132 is installed inside the three-stage mixing tank 131. A three-stage mixing blade 133 and a three-stage mixing spiral 134 are installed on the three-stage mixing shaft 132. The three-stage mixing blade 133 and the three-stage mixing spiral 134 are used for mixing and treating adhesive-finished mortar, waste rock, and smelting slag.

[0037] In this embodiment, the three-stage mixing tank 131 is a horizontal twin-shaft mixer.

[0038] In this embodiment of the invention, the dynamic rheology control module 200 includes an online rheometer 210, a near-infrared spectrometer 220, and a torque sensor 230. The online rheometer 210 is used to collect the yield stress and viscosity of the paste slurry in real time; the near-infrared spectrometer 220 is used to collect the dispersion of the cementitious materials in the paste slurry in real time; and the torque sensor 230 is used to collect the torque data of the stirring shaft in real time. The primary mortar mixing tank 110, the secondary mortar mixing tank 120, and the tertiary horizontal mixer 130 are all equipped with the dynamic rheology control module 200. The monitoring equipment, such as the online rheometer 210, of the dynamic rheology control module 200 is installed at the discharge port of the primary mortar mixing tank 110, the secondary mortar mixing tank 120, and the tertiary horizontal mixer 130 to collect the slurry data at the discharge port in real time. A torque monitor is installed at the reduction gear set of the stirring shaft to collect the torque of the stirring shaft in real time. The intelligent adaptation control unit 300 receives information data from each stage of mixing and analyzes the internal state of the mixer in real time. Within a preset range, it regulates the speed, feeding rate, and slurry residence time of the mixer. The adjustment range of the mixer is corrected by the signal of the dynamic rheological control module 200, thereby achieving the effect of optimizing the genetic algorithm model 310.

[0039] The intelligent adaptation control unit 300 includes a genetic algorithm optimization model 310, which is used to adjust the rotation speed, feeding rate and residence time of the three-stage gradient uniform stirring mechanism 100 based on the yield stress, viscosity, dispersion of cementitious materials and stirring shaft torque data of the paste slurry uploaded by the dynamic rheological control module 200.

[0040] On the other hand, embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for preparing multi-element solid waste paste by multi-stage uniform stirring, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the multi-stage uniform stirring method for preparing the multi-element solid waste paste includes: S10, add solid waste-based cementitious material, water, and admixtures to the primary mortar mixing tank 110 and stir. Monitor and adjust the stirring process in real time to obtain a homogeneous cementitious slurry. Specifically, when adding solid waste-based cementitious material and water to the primary mortar mixing tank 110, the flow rate of the solid waste-based cementitious material is 31 t / h, and the water flow rate is 30 m³ / h. 3 / h, the primary mortar mixing tank 110 has a diameter of 2m and a height of 2m, the primary mixing shaft 112 rotates at 180rpm-200rpm, and the discharge speed is 40m / h. 3 The solid waste cementitious material slurry and concentrated tailings slurry produced are added to the secondary mortar mixing tank 120 at a feed rate of 175t / h. The concentrated tailings slurry has a mass concentration of 64%.

[0041] S20, the homogeneous cementitious material slurry and concentrated tailings slurry produced by the primary mortar mixing tank 110 are added to the secondary mortar mixing tank 120 for mixing. The mixing process is monitored and adjusted in real time to obtain homogeneous cementitious tailings slurry. It should be noted that the secondary mortar mixing tank 120 has a diameter of 3m and a height of 3m, the secondary mixing shaft 122 rotates at a speed of 130rpm-160rpm, and the discharge speed is 100m / s. 3 The produced adhesive-finished mortar, waste rock, and smelting slag are added to the three-stage mixing tank 131 for mixing. The feed rate of waste rock and smelting slag is 168t / h.

[0042] S30, start the three-stage horizontal mixer 130, add the product adhesive end mortar from the two-stage mortar mixing tank 120, waste rock, and smelting slag to the three-stage horizontal mixer 130 for mixing, monitor the mixing process in real time and adjust accordingly, and obtain a uniform multi-element solid waste paste slurry.

[0043] It should be noted that the solid waste-based cementitious material is a mixture of slag, fly ash, and cement with a particle size of less than 5mm, while the concentrated tailings slurry contains tailings particles with a particle size of less than 0.1mm and underground waste rock with a particle size of less than 16mm. The admixtures are optional materials and can be added according to actual conditions. The smelting slag is also an optional material and can be added according to production conditions. The three-stage horizontal mixer 130 is 4.4m long, 2m wide, and 1m high. The three-stage mixing blades 133 and the three-stage mixing spiral 134 are paddle mixers that rotate in opposite directions at a speed of 40rpm-60rpm, with a discharge speed of 140m / s. 3 / h.

[0044] In this embodiment of the invention, the 28-day compressive strength of the multi-component solid waste paste prepared by the multi-stage uniform stirring method can be significantly improved to 6-8 MPa, which is significantly better than the traditional stirring preparation method. Simultaneously, the intelligent adaptive control unit 300 adjusts the stirring and conveying parameters in real time, ensuring a material distribution uniformity of over 95% in the slurry and a density fluctuation of <±2%, effectively guaranteeing the excellent pumpability and molding quality of the paste. This process, achieving a solid waste content of over 85% for tailings, waste rock, and smelting slag, not only significantly improves the resource utilization rate of solid waste but also reduces the overall production cost by approximately 20%, providing a reliable technical path for the large-scale, stable preparation of high-performance solid waste pastes.

[0045] In summary, this invention provides a multi-stage uniform stirring apparatus and method for preparing multi-component solid waste paste. In the embodiments of this invention, multi-stage uniform stirring and various stirring methods are used to employ corresponding stirring methods for materials of different particle sizes, fully utilizing multi-component solid waste generated in mines, significantly reducing the emission of mine solid waste, and lowering the cost of mine backfilling processes. Ultimately, a uniformly stirred and high-performance paste-like backfill slurry is formed. This multi-stage uniform stirring method for preparing multi-component solid waste paste has significant practical value and is applicable to the resource utilization of solid waste from metal and non-metal mines and the remediation of mined-out areas.

[0046] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the described order of actions, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to the present invention.

[0047] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on these embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still combine, add, delete, or otherwise adjust the features of the various embodiments of the present invention according to the circumstances without conflict or creative effort, thereby obtaining different technical solutions that do not fundamentally depart from the concept of the present invention. These technical solutions also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage uniform stirring device for preparing multi-component solid waste paste, characterized in that, The device includes: The three-stage gradient uniform mixing mechanism is used for multi-stage uniform mixing of multi-component solid waste paste raw materials. The dynamic rheological control module is electrically connected to the three-stage gradient uniform stirring mechanism and is used to collect data on the yield stress, viscosity, dispersion of cementitious materials, and torque of the stirring shaft of the paste slurry in real time. The intelligent adaptation control unit is electrically connected to the dynamic rheological control module. It is used to receive data on the yield stress, viscosity, dispersion of cementitious materials, and torque of the stirring shaft of the paste slurry uploaded by the dynamic rheological control module, and to adjust the control parameters of the three-stage gradient uniform stirring mechanism.

2. The multi-stage uniform stirring preparation device for multi-component solid waste paste as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The three-stage gradient uniform stirring mechanism includes: The primary mortar mixing tank is used to mix solid waste-based cementitious materials, water, and additives to produce cementitious slurry, and then transports the produced cementitious slurry to the secondary mortar mixing tank. The secondary mortar mixing tank is connected to the primary mortar mixing tank and is used to mix and process the cementitious slurry and concentrated tailings mortar to produce adhesive tailings mortar, and then transports the produced adhesive tailings mortar to the tertiary horizontal mixer. The three-stage horizontal mixer is connected to the two-stage mortar mixing tank and is used to mix and process adhesive-finished mortar, waste rock, and smelting slag, and to prepare a uniform multi-element solid waste paste slurry through mixing.

3. The multi-stage uniform stirring preparation device for multi-component solid waste paste as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The primary mortar mixing tank includes: The primary mixing tank is used to store the solid waste-based cementitious materials, water, and additives to be mixed. A primary stirring shaft is installed inside the primary stirring tank. The primary stirring shaft is equipped with primary upper stirring blades and primary lower stirring blades, which are used to stir and mix solid waste-based cementitious materials, water, and additives.

4. The multi-stage uniform stirring preparation device for multi-element solid waste paste as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The secondary mortar mixing tank includes: The secondary mixing tank is in communication with the primary mixing tank. A secondary mixing shaft is installed inside the secondary mixing tank, and a secondary upper mixing blade and a secondary lower mixing blade are installed on the secondary mixing shaft. The secondary upper mixing blade and the secondary lower mixing blade are used to mix and treat the cementitious slurry and concentrated tailings slurry.

5. The multi-stage uniform stirring preparation device for multi-component solid waste paste as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The three-stage horizontal mixer includes: The three-stage mixing tank is connected to the two-stage mixing tank. A three-stage mixing shaft is installed inside the three-stage mixing tank. Three-stage mixing blades and a three-stage mixing spiral are installed on the three-stage mixing shaft. The three-stage mixing blades and the three-stage mixing spiral are used to mix and process adhesive-finished mortar, waste rock, and smelting slag.

6. The multi-stage uniform stirring preparation device for multi-element solid waste paste as described in any one of claims 3-5, characterized in that: The dynamic rheology control module includes an online rheometer, a near-infrared spectrometer, and a torque sensor. The online rheometer is used to collect the yield stress and viscosity of the paste slurry in real time, the near-infrared spectrometer is used to collect the dispersion of the cementitious material in the paste slurry in real time, and the torque sensor is used to collect the torque data of the stirring shaft in real time.

7. The multi-stage uniform stirring preparation device for multi-component solid waste paste as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The intelligent adaptation control unit includes a genetic algorithm optimization model, which is used to adjust the rotation speed, feeding rate and residence time of the three-stage gradient uniform stirring mechanism based on the yield stress, viscosity, dispersion of cementitious materials and stirring shaft torque data of the paste slurry uploaded by the dynamic rheological control module.

8. A method for preparing a multi-component solid waste paste by multi-stage uniform stirring, implemented using the multi-component solid waste paste preparation apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The multi-stage uniform stirring method for preparing the multi-element solid waste paste includes: S10, add solid waste-based cementitious material, water and admixtures to the primary mortar mixing tank and stir, monitor and adjust the stirring process in real time, and obtain a homogeneous cementitious material slurry through stirring. S20: The homogeneous cementitious material slurry and concentrated tailings mortar produced by the primary mortar mixing tank are added to the secondary mortar mixing tank for mixing. The mixing process is monitored and adjusted in real time to obtain homogeneous cementitious tailings mortar. S30: Start the three-stage horizontal mixer, add the product adhesive mortar from the two-stage mortar mixing tank, waste rock, and smelting slag to the three-stage horizontal mixer for mixing, monitor the mixing process in real time and adjust accordingly, and obtain a uniform multi-element solid waste paste slurry.

9. The method for preparing multi-element solid waste paste by multi-stage uniform stirring as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The solid waste-based cementitious material is a mixture of slag, fly ash and cement with a particle size of less than 5 mm.

10. The method for preparing multi-element solid waste paste by multi-stage uniform stirring as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The concentrated tailings slurry contains tailings particles with a diameter of less than 0.1 mm and waste rock with a diameter of less than 16 mm from underground mining operations.

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