Intelligent remote online monitoring relay protection pressing plate switching device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of relay protection, in particular to an intelligent remote online monitoring relay protection pressing plate switching device and method. The device comprises a shell, a transmission mechanism, a rotary mechanical logic function switch, a control unit and a detection module. The transmission mechanism is provided with a stepping motor and a multi-stage reduction gear set; the logic function switch is contacted with the copper foil through a contact electric brush to form different paths; a main controller in the control unit controls a stepping motor through a driving module, and an encoder detects the angle of a gear in real time to form closed-loop control. A photoelectric sensor of the detection module detects angular displacement, and a main controller generates state data and drives a display unit to output. The device can receive remote or local instructions, remote control is achieved, manual operation is reduced, and the problem that misoperation is prone to occurring in a traditional mode is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of relay protection, and in particular to an intelligent remote online monitoring relay protection pressure plate switching device and method. Background Technology

[0002] In power systems, relay protection devices play a crucial role in ensuring the safe operation of the system. As a vital component connecting external wiring, the accuracy of the relay protection switch's switching status is paramount. Traditional substation switch operation relies primarily on manual on-site operation, as exemplified by the technical solution disclosed in CN111416438A. While this solution achieves some level of hard switch status monitoring and intelligent verification, it still has many limitations. This manual operation method is highly dependent on the operator's responsibility, easily leading to accidental switching or deactivation due to negligence, which can cause protection malfunctions or failures to operate. Furthermore, the traditional method lacks intuitive remote status feedback after switch operation, requiring manual on-site confirmation, which is not only costly in terms of manpower and resources but also prone to errors due to visual errors or unclear indications. In addition, in multi-task operations, manual on-site switch operation results in low function switching efficiency, increased operational complexity, and longer operation times. Moreover, the collaborative management of traditional hard and soft switches is complex and no longer meets the application requirements of intelligent substations or digital protection systems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides an intelligent remote online monitoring relay protection switchgear switching device and method, aiming to solve the problems of low function switching efficiency, increased operational complexity, and long time consumption caused by manual on-site operation of the switchgear in multi-task operations. Furthermore, the collaborative management of traditional hard and soft switchgear is quite complex and can no longer meet the application requirements of intelligent substations or digital protection systems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the following technical solution is adopted.

[0005] A smart remote online monitoring relay protection pressure plate switching device includes:

[0006] Housing, transmission mechanism housed within housing, rotary mechanical logic function switch, control unit and detection module;

[0007] The transmission mechanism includes a stepper motor, a multi-stage reduction gear set driven by the motor gears, and a large gear driven by the gear set. The output shaft of the large gear is connected to a rotary mechanical logic function switch.

[0008] The rotary mechanical logic function switch includes an annular insulating circuit board fixed to the housing and a movable insulating circuit board mounted on the bottom of the large gear. The annular insulating circuit board has multiple copper foil conductive contact pieces distributed in a ring on its surface, and the movable insulating circuit board has at least two sets of contact brushes at its bottom. The contact brushes selectively contact the copper foil conductive contact pieces when the gear rotates to form different circuit paths.

[0009] The control unit includes a main controller module, a drive module, and an encoder. The main controller module sends pulse signals to the stepper motor through the drive module. The encoder detects the rotation angle of the large gear in real time and feeds it back to the main controller module to form a closed-loop control.

[0010] The detection module includes a photoelectric sensor and a display unit. The photoelectric sensor detects the angular displacement of the large gear, and the main controller module generates protection pressure plate engagement / disengagement status data based on the angular displacement signal and drives the display unit to output visual status information.

[0011] Optionally, the multi-stage reduction gear set includes a first-stage reduction gear and a second-stage reduction gear, wherein the first-stage reduction gear meshes with the motor gear, and the second-stage reduction gear meshes with the large gear.

[0012] The movable insulating circuit board is elastically pressed onto the annular insulating circuit board by a compression spring, and the bottom of the movable insulating circuit board is provided with a movable rail column that passes through the base guide rail to ensure that the brush and the copper foil conductive contact piece maintain stable contact during rotation.

[0013] The encoder calculates the actual displacement of the stepper motor by detecting the rotation angle of the large gear. The main controller module compares the deviation between the actual displacement and the target displacement and dynamically adjusts the pulse signal frequency.

[0014] Optionally, the copper foil conductive contacts of the rotary mechanical logic function switch form four sets of independent conductive contact tracks A, B, C, and D. Tracks A and B are connected to the protective pressure plate terminals, and tracks C and D are connected to the level signal input terminals. The four sets of independent conductive contact tracks A, B, C, and D are arranged in parallel. Track A includes connected tracks A1 and A2; track B includes separated tracks B1 and B2, with track A1 corresponding to track B1 and track A2 corresponding to track B2; track C includes separated tracks C1, C2, and C3; and track D includes separated tracks D1, D2, D3, and D4, with track C1 corresponding to tracks D1 and D2, track C2 corresponding to tracks D2 and D3, and track C3 corresponding to tracks D3 and D4.

[0015] Optionally, when the first set of contact brushes connects to rail A1-B1 and the second set of contact brushes connects to rail C1-D1, the device outputs a high-level trigger protection activation signal.

[0016] When the first set of contact brushes connects to rails A2-B2 and the second set of contact brushes connects to rails C3-D3, the device outputs a low-level trigger protection exit signal.

[0017] Optionally, the control unit includes a digital output module, which includes an A / D converter, a data buffer isolator, and a memory.

[0018] When the second set of contact brushes connects to rails C1-D1, a 5V high level is transmitted to the main controller module I / O interface via the buffer isolator, triggering the protection activation event switch quantity.

[0019] When the second set of contact brushes connects to rail C3-D3, the 1V low level causes the main controller module I / O interface level to change, triggering the protection exit event switch quantity.

[0020] The buffer isolator eliminates signal misalignment caused by contact jitter and electromagnetic interference.

[0021] Optionally, the detection module further includes a remote communication unit, which is connected to the power automation system using a full-duplex serial communication circuit.

[0022] The main controller module writes the protection pressure plate activation / deactivation status data into the operation event list and matches the preset alarm thresholds through a two-dimensional relationship model;

[0023] When the real-time switch data deviates from the threshold, the voice alarm module is activated and a visual fault log is generated.

[0024] A method for intelligent remote online monitoring and switching of relay protection pressure plates includes the following steps:

[0025] The main controller module receives remote or local operation commands, parses the commands to obtain the target deployment / retreat status and the corresponding rotation angle of the large gear target;

[0026] The number of pulses required to calculate the target displacement is calculated based on the stepper motor step angle, and a directional pulse sequence is sent to the stepper motor through the drive module;

[0027] The encoder monitors the actual rotation angle of the large gear in real time. The main controller module compares the deviation between the actual angle and the target angle. If the deviation exceeds the tolerance threshold, the pulse frequency is dynamically corrected.

[0028] A photoelectric sensor detects the angular displacement of a large gear, triggering the contact between the brush and a specific copper foil contact piece in a rotary mechanical logic function switch;

[0029] The main controller module collects the level signal generated by the brush contact. When a high level is detected in the C1-D1 path, a protection activation status is generated. When a low level is detected in the C3-D3 path, a protection deactivation status is generated.

[0030] Status variables are written to the database after being isolated by a data buffer, driving the LCD to display the real-time status and uploading it to the remote monitoring center.

[0031] Optionally, the specific process of dynamically correcting the pulse frequency is as follows:

[0032] The encoder converts the actual rotation angle of the large gear into a pulse feedback signal, and the main controller module calculates the angle difference between the target angle and the actual angle.

[0033] Divide the angle difference by the step angle to obtain the number of compensation steps, and generate a compensation pulse sequence that is superimposed on the original pulse sequence.

[0034] Optionally, the state variable processing procedure includes:

[0035] The main controller module matches real-time switching signals with scene models in a pre-set database to establish a two-dimensional relationship table of activation and deactivation signals;

[0036] If the current switch combination does not match any preset scenario model, the time window filtering algorithm will be activated to re-acquire the signal.

[0037] Optional, database management includes:

[0038] Establish a protection pressure plate event database to store historical operation times, numbers, status types, and alarm codes;

[0039] When a new enable / disable event is detected, retrieve the historical records of the same switch combination from the event library;

[0040] If the current event trigger frequency exceeds twice the historical average frequency, it will be marked as a high-risk operation and a video review process will be initiated.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] This application provides an intelligent remote online monitoring relay protection plate switching device, including a housing, a transmission mechanism within the housing, a rotary mechanical logic function switch, a control unit, and a detection module. By incorporating a control unit, the main controller module can receive remote or local operation commands and calculate the number of pulses required for the target displacement based on the stepper motor's step angle. The drive module then sends a directional pulse sequence to the stepper motor, enabling remote control of the protection plate switching. This effectively reduces manual on-site operation and solves the problem of erroneous operation that often occurs with traditional manual methods. Simultaneously, the photoelectric sensor in the detection module detects the angular displacement of the large gear. The main controller module generates protection plate switching status data based on the angular displacement signal and drives the display unit to output visual status information, providing real-time and intuitive feedback on the plate switching status. This solves the problem of lacking remote status feedback after traditional plate switching. The multi-stage reduction gear set optimizes the transmission mechanism, improving transmission efficiency and stability. The movable insulating circuit board, through spring-loaded elastic contact and the design of the moving rail column, ensures stable contact between the brush and the copper foil conductive contact during rotation, further enhancing the device's operational reliability. The copper foil conductive contacts of the rotary mechanical logic function switch form specific independent contact conductive tracks. Different signal outputs are achieved through the contact of brushes with different tracks, precisely controlling the engagement and disengagement of the protection plate. The control unit includes a switch output module, effectively eliminating signal misalignment caused by contact bounce and electromagnetic interference, ensuring the accuracy of signal transmission. The detection module is equipped with a remote communication unit to achieve connection with the power automation system. The main controller module processes the protection plate engagement / disengagement status data and provides alarm functions, improving the system's intelligence level and fault response capability. The specific settings of the contact conductive tracks further optimize the circuit layout of the logic function switch, improving the functionality of the device. Based on the above device, the switching method achieves full automation and intelligence from command reception and execution to status feedback and data processing, improving the accuracy, efficiency, and reliability of protection plate engagement / disengagement. This greatly enhances the overall performance of relay protection plate engagement / disengagement operations in the power system, meeting the needs of intelligent substations and digital protection systems for efficient, reliable, and intelligent management of relay protection plates. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the intelligent remote online monitoring relay protection pressure plate switching device of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the movable insulating circuit board of an embodiment of the intelligent remote online monitoring relay protection pressure plate switching device of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of an annular insulating circuit board of an embodiment of the intelligent remote online monitoring relay protection pressure plate switching device of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the contact conductive track of an embodiment of the intelligent remote online monitoring relay protection pressure plate switching device of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a module of an embodiment of an intelligent remote online monitoring relay protection pressure plate switching device of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the intelligent remote online monitoring relay protection pressure plate switching method of the present invention.

[0049] The components include: 1. Housing; 2. Stepper motor; 3. Multi-stage reduction gear set; 4. Large gear; 5. Ring-shaped insulating circuit board; 6. Movable insulating circuit board; 7. Moving rail column; 8. Contact brush; 9. Photoelectric sensor; 10. Copper foil conductive contact piece. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0051] The following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further detailed explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terminology used in this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] like Figures 1-5 As shown, an intelligent remote online monitoring relay protection switchgear is disclosed. The device can be modularly designed, and the housing can be made of materials suitable for the power environment, possessing certain dustproof, moisture-proof, and electromagnetic shielding capabilities to adapt to the complex operating conditions within substations. The interior of the housing can be rationally divided into different installation spaces for housing the transmission mechanism, rotary mechanical logic function switch, control unit, and detection module. These components can be fixed together using insulating partitions or brackets to ensure stable installation and facilitate wiring and maintenance. The housing surface can be equipped with an LCD display and necessary operating interfaces for convenient on-site status monitoring and local operation. It can also be pre-installed with lead-out interfaces for connecting external protection circuits and communication lines.

[0054] The transmission mechanism can use a stepper motor as the power source. The motor output shaft can be connected to a motor gear, which drives a multi-stage reduction gear set through gear meshing. The multi-stage reduction gear set can include a first-stage reduction gear and a second-stage reduction gear. The first-stage reduction gear can mesh with the motor gear, and the second-stage reduction gear can mesh with a large gear. This multi-stage reduction design converts the high-speed rotation of the stepper motor into the stable low-speed rotation of the large gear, while increasing the output torque. The large gear acts as a direct actuator, and its output shaft can be connected to a rotary mechanical logic function switch to drive state switching. To ensure transmission stability, bearings can be installed at the shaft ends of the large gear and each stage of gears. The bearings can be selected to meet the rotational accuracy requirements, reducing friction and wobble during rotation. The gears can be made of materials with a certain degree of toughness, such as nylon, which can maintain good reliability under tight fit and vibration environments.

[0055] A rotary mechanical logic function switch may include a ring-shaped insulating circuit board and a movable insulating circuit board. The ring-shaped insulating circuit board can be fixed to the housing, and its surface may have multiple copper foil conductive contacts arranged in a ring. These contacts may be gold-plated to improve oxidation resistance and conductivity. The movable insulating circuit board can be mounted on the bottom of a large gear and rotates with the gear. Its bottom may have at least two sets of contact brushes, which correspond to the positions of the copper foil conductive contacts. As the gear rotates, the brushes selectively contact different contacts, thus forming different circuit paths. To ensure stable contact between the brushes and the contacts, the movable insulating circuit board can be elastically pressed against the ring-shaped insulating circuit board by a compression spring. The compression spring can apply appropriate pressure to the movable insulating circuit board, ensuring that the brushes fit tightly against the contacts. The bottom of the movable insulating circuit board may also have a movable rail that passes through the base guide rail. The movable rail can slide within the base guide rail to ensure that the movable insulating circuit board does not wobble during rotation, further ensuring contact stability.

[0056] The copper foil conductive contacts of the rotary mechanical logic function switch can form four independent conductive rails: A, B, C, and D. Rails A and B can be connected to the terminals of the protection pressure plate, corresponding to the input and output terminals of the protection power supply. Rails C and D can be connected to the level signal input terminals for transmitting control signals. Specifically, conductive rail A can include connected rails A1 and A2; conductive rail B can include separated rails B1 and B2, with rail A1 corresponding to rail B1 and rail A2 corresponding to rail B2; conductive rail C can include separated rails C1, C2, and C3; conductive rail D can include separated rails D1, D2, D3, and D4, with rail C1 corresponding to rails D1 and D2, rail C2 corresponding to rails D2 and D3, and rail C3 corresponding to rails D3 and D4. When the first set of contact brushes connects to rail A1-B1 and the second set of contact brushes connects to rail C1-D1, the device can output a high-level trigger protection activation signal; when the first set of contact brushes connects to rail A2-B2 and the second set of contact brushes connects to rail C3-D3, the device can output a low-level trigger protection deactivation signal.

[0057] The control unit may include a main controller module, a drive module, and an encoder. The main controller module acts as the core, receiving and processing various signals and generating control commands. The drive module can connect the main controller module and the stepper motor. The main controller module can send pulse signals to the stepper motor through the drive module to control the motor's rotation direction and speed. The encoder can be mounted on the rotating shaft of the large gear to detect the rotation angle of the large gear in real time and feed the detection results back to the main controller module, forming a closed-loop control to ensure that the large gear can accurately reach the target position. The control unit may also include a digital output module, which may consist of an A / D converter, a data buffer isolator, and a memory. The A / D converter can convert analog level signals into digital signals, the data buffer isolator can eliminate signal erroneous changes caused by contact bounce and electromagnetic interference, and the memory can be used to store relevant operating data and parameters. When the second set of contact brushes connects to rails C1-D1, a 5V high level can be transmitted to the main controller module I / O interface via a buffer isolator, triggering a protection activation event switch quantity; when the second set of contact brushes connects to rails C3-D3, a 1V low level can cause the main controller module I / O interface level to change, triggering a protection deactivation event switch quantity.

[0058] The detection module may include a photoelectric sensor, a display unit, and a remote communication unit. The photoelectric sensor can be mounted on the base, corresponding to the position of the large gear, to detect the angular displacement of the large gear, providing a basis for determining the activation / deactivation status of the protection plate. The display unit can be an LCD screen; the main controller module can generate protection plate activation / deactivation status data based on the angular displacement signal and drive the display unit to output visualized status information for easy on-site viewing. The remote communication unit can use a full-duplex serial communication circuit to connect to the power automation system and achieve remote data transmission. The main controller module can write the protection plate activation / deactivation status data into an operation event list, match preset alarm thresholds using a two-dimensional relationship model, and when real-time switch data deviates from the threshold, it can drive the voice alarm module to issue an alarm prompt and generate a visualized fault log for timely handling by maintenance personnel.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] like Figure 6 As shown, an intelligent remote online monitoring relay protection switch method is described. This method can be implemented based on the aforementioned intelligent remote online monitoring relay protection switch device. The specific steps are as follows:

[0061] The main controller module can receive remote or local operation commands. When the operator needs to perform local operation, they can move the control handle to the local position; when remote operation is required, they can move the control handle to the remote position. After receiving the command, the main controller module can parse the command to obtain the target deployment / retraction status and the corresponding rotation angle of the large gear target.

[0062] Then, the main controller module can calculate the number of pulses required for the target displacement based on the stepper motor step angle, and send a directional pulse sequence to the stepper motor through the drive module to control the stepper motor to drive the transmission mechanism to rotate, thereby driving the large gear to rotate.

[0063] During the rotation of the large gear, the encoder can monitor the actual rotation angle of the large gear in real time and feed the monitoring results back to the main controller module. The main controller module can compare the deviation between the actual angle and the target angle. If the deviation exceeds the tolerance threshold, the pulse signal frequency can be dynamically corrected to ensure that the large gear can accurately reach the target position. The specific process of dynamically correcting the pulse frequency can be as follows: the encoder converts the actual rotation angle of the large gear into a pulse feedback signal; the main controller module calculates the angle difference between the target angle and the actual angle; divides the angle difference by the step angle to obtain the compensation steps; and generates a compensation pulse sequence that is superimposed on the original pulse sequence.

[0064] Simultaneously, the photoelectric sensor can detect the angular displacement of the large gear, triggering the contact between the brush and a specific copper foil contact piece in the rotary mechanical logic function switch, forming a corresponding circuit path. The main controller module can collect the level signal generated by the brush contact. When a high level is detected in the C1-D1 path, a protection activation state value can be generated; when a low level is detected in the C3-D3 path, a protection deactivation state value can be generated.

[0065] The generated status variables can be processed by the data buffer isolator and written to the database. The main controller module can drive the LCD screen to display the real-time status and upload the status data to the remote monitoring center through the remote communication unit.

[0066] During state quantity processing, the main controller module can match real-time switch quantities with scene models in a preset database to establish a two-dimensional relationship table of enable / disable signals. If the current switch quantity combination does not match any preset scene model, a time window filtering algorithm can be activated to re-acquire the signal to ensure signal accuracy.

[0067] Database management can include establishing a protection switch event database to store information such as historical operation time, number, status type, and alarm code. When a new activation / deactivation event is detected, the system can retrieve historical records of the same switch combination from the event database. If the current event trigger frequency exceeds twice the historical average frequency, it can be marked as a high-risk operation and a video review process can be initiated to ensure the safety of the operation.

[0068] In addition, this method can employ hardware circuit filtering and software time window technology to ensure the accuracy of signal-triggered events. It can also connect to a computer through a communication module to facilitate querying and printing reports, enabling centralized remote monitoring and data resource sharing.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] like Figures 1-5 As shown, this invention provides an intelligent remote online monitoring relay protection switching device. Through the remote switching function of the monitoring system, manual intervention is reduced. Status monitoring and alarms are integrated with the pressure plate status monitoring function to achieve remote real-time monitoring. To prevent misoperation, a high-reliability connector is used, solving the problem of difficulty in automatically and remotely monitoring existing relay protection pressure plates.

[0071] The device includes a housing, a device mechanism, and an LCD display screen;

[0072] The device's transmission mechanism consists of a stepper motor, a transmission mechanism, mechanical logic function switches, and sensors. The stepper motor and motor gears transmit first-stage reduction / transmission to the meshing transmission gear (driven gear), completing the first-stage reduction transmission. The output shaft drives the transmission gear, completing the second-stage reduction transmission. The large gear directly executes the mechanism.

[0073] Bearings and a large gear bushing support the output shaft, ensuring stable rotation. Backlash-free gears and spring-preloaded circular insulated circuit boards ensure stable operation of the contact brushes. Below the large gear, a circuit board is mounted on a base, where a photoelectric sensor is located. A corresponding photoelectric sensor is mounted on the circuit board to detect the rotation of the large gear. An encoder measures the motor's speed and direction. Feedback control logic triggers a start signal, sending N pulses to make the gear rotate one revolution. The stepper motor has a step angle of 1.8°, requiring 200 steps (360° / 1.8°) for one revolution and 100 steps for half a revolution. The number of half-step / micro-step drive steps can be adjusted. With microstepping, each step of the 1.8° motor is actually 0.1125°. Control signal generation uses the controller to send pulse signals; the number of pulses equals the required number of steps.

[0074] The calculation formula for the logic function switch of the rotary machinery mode (to achieve multi-mode selection) is: Number of steps = Target angle / Step angle.

[0075] The control circuit consists of several parts, including a main controller module, a drive module, a detection module, an encoder, and a power supply module. The main controller module receives data collected by the sensors and detection module, processes and calculates the data, and outputs a control signal to the control strategy module. This signal is compared and judged with the signal sent to the logic function switch. The output PWM signal is converted into a control signal to control the drive module to drive the motor's speed and direction. The drive module controls the motor's rotation. The detection module collects the angular velocity and angular acceleration of the large gear in real time. The encoder measures the motor's speed and direction and feeds the measurement data back to the main controller module. A controllable pulse signal, a conventional switching signal, is input from the pulse signal input pin. The control device sends control pulses with variable pulse number and frequency to control the stepper motor's speed and step distance. The pulse width is 7μs, the signal interval is 6μs, the low-level amplitude is 0-1V, and the high-level amplitude reaches 4-5V. The operating mode is pulse edge triggering; each input pulse signal causes the motor to rotate one step angle (one step). The direction signal input terminal (rotary mechanical logic function switch) receives a switching voltage signal. The contact brush connects C1 and D1 to the contact rail, allowing C1 to transmit a 5V high level through the contact brush to D1. This signal triggers an event switch, resulting in a high level. When a pulse signal is input to the CP terminal, the stepper motor rotates forward. The contact brush also connects C3 and D3 to the contact rail, allowing C3 to transmit a 1V low level through the contact brush to D3. This triggers the microprocessor's I / O interface to switch from high to low, activating the control signal and inverting the direction. During the pulse signal input period, the motor rotates in reverse. This forms a closed-loop control.

[0076] Copper foil conductive contact points are mounted around the center of an insulating circuit board, uniformly distributed in a ring on the circular circuit board surface. The circuit board is fixedly mounted on the housing. Two sets of contact brushes are fixedly mounted on the circular insulating circuit board surface, corresponding to each copper foil conductive contact point. The circular insulating circuit board is mounted under the large gear. A movable rail on the base passes through the circular insulating plate, preventing swaying during rotation. Under the action of the compression spring, it can make uniform and stable contact with the copper foil conductive contact points, improving the stability of the functional switch. An internal compression spring applies pressure to the circular insulating plate, ensuring better contact between its contact brushes and the copper foil conductive contact points. The drive gear is made of PA material and uses nylon, which has strong toughness and maintains high reliability even under tight fit and vibration environments. Bearings are located at both ends of the central shaft, and bearings are located on the upper and lower shaft sleeves of the large gear. A fixing clip is located on the outside of the large gear shaft sleeve. The other set of moving mechanisms has a transmission gear and a main shaft. Two bearings are provided at both ends of the shaft. The main shaft is connected to the transmission gear through the housing. The main shaft and the housing adopt a sealed design, but gold-plated contacts can improve the oxidation resistance. The transmission gear is driven by a motor gear.

[0077] Rotary mechanical logic function switch

[0078] The rotary machinery logic function switch features a sealed design with gold-plated contacts to enhance oxidation resistance. This effectively improves the safety and efficiency of the relay protection system. The logic function switch has A, B, C, and D sliding contact rails. Rails A and B connect to the terminals of the protection pressure plate device, the power supply input and output terminals. When the F1 contact brush is in its initial position, rails A1 and B1 are connected, and the protection pressure plate is engaged. Simultaneously, the F2 contact brush connects rails C1 and D1. The C1 terminal transmits a 5V high-level signal through the contact brush to F2 and then D1. The signal trigger event's switch quantity is then processed by the acquisition module, A / D converter, and data buffer isolator to output the digital signal. The buffer not only provides data buffering and isolation but also protects the microprocessor's I / O interface to a certain extent, eliminating erroneous position changes caused by switch contact bounce and electromagnetic interference, ensuring the accuracy of signal triggering. When the I / O input port voltage is greater than 4V, it is considered high and set to 1; otherwise, it is low (0). This triggers the microprocessor's I / O control port to switch from low to high. The microprocessor analyzes this voltage, compares it with a preset standard potential, and makes corresponding control decisions. The resulting state value drives the display module, showing the corresponding protection status on the LCD screen. Simultaneously, the microprocessor's P0.3 and P0.4 pins select the two-wire serial port control mode, triggering a pulse. The signal module's P04 CLK and P05 DI inputs send an address code, triggering a voice alarm.

[0079] When the F1 contact brush moves, it connects the A2 and B2 contact rails, putting the protection plate in the retracted position. Simultaneously, the F2 contact brush connects the C3 and D3 contact rails. The C3 terminal transmits a 1V low-level voltage through the contact brush to F2 and then D3, triggering the microprocessor's I / O interface to switch from high to low. The microprocessor analyzes this voltage, compares it with a preset standard potential, and performs corresponding control. This restores the corresponding state value, driving the display module to show the corresponding protection status on the LCD screen. Simultaneously, the microprocessor's P0.3 and P0.4 pins select the two-wire serial port control mode, triggering a pulse. The signal module's P04 CLK and P05 DI input the address code, triggering a voice alarm.

[0080] This device employs hardware circuit filtering and software time window technology to ensure 100% accuracy of signal-triggered events. The PC sends control commands to the main control module via serial port. The device drives the motor transmission mechanism to simultaneously rotate the mechanical logic function switch, enabling motor control and protection activation / deactivation. The F2 contact brush connects C1→D1 to the motor's initial position (forward rotation); C1→D2 to trigger the protection activation event switch; C2→D2 triggers a low-level motor stop; C3→D3 connects to the motor's reverse rotation state; C3→D3 triggers the protection deactivation event switch; and C3→D4 triggers a low-level motor stop state.

[0081] When the pressure plate needs to be engaged, turn the control handle to the local position for local operation. When remote operation is required, turn the control handle to the remote position for remote operation.

[0082] like Figure 6 As shown, the state database and scene modeling are performed:

[0083] The system acquires information related to the protection relays by using the switching signals of the relay protection relays' engagement and disengagement as a database of operational status. These engagement and disengagement signals are used as characteristic quantities. The data is preprocessed, labeled, and categorized to establish a tree structure of relationships for each status. This data is then encoded, and the system integrates the categories and information of each level of operation by querying the switching inputs of real-time protection engagement and disengagement events.

[0084] The alarm module matches the real-time operating status alarm information of the protection switch engagement and disengagement signals and writes it into a preset data table. It matches the current monitoring information alarm code table and the protection switch event database, then retrieves the corresponding switch event model matching type analysis from the database. The current actual data of the engagement / disengagement signals is recorded in the operation event list in the database. The fault time, number, name, and historical records are visualized. A two-dimensional relationship model of time engagement and disengagement signals is established for the status database and scenario model, and alarm thresholds are set. The collected real-time protection switch engagement and disengagement switch quantities are compared with the current parameters of the information system and added to the measurement and monitoring log. A conclusion is drawn based on the current information. This achieves real-time diagnosis of the protection switch status and visualizes the current protection switch status of the substation. It provides more effective and scientific auxiliary management and has become a trend and important component of smart substation development.

[0085] The communication module consists of full-duplex serial communication circuits RXD and TXD, which are connected to a computer to display the on / off signals of the substation relay protection switching device's pressure plate. It can also query and print reports, offering advantages such as simple operation, ease of use, low cost, and maintenance-free operation. This system, through computer software, allows for direct remote management and monitoring. Within the power company's intranet safety management system, it organically combines terminal management and network management, achieving centralized remote monitoring. It connects and integrates with the power automation systems in substations or dispatch centers, enabling data resource sharing.

[0086] As is known from common technical knowledge, this invention can be implemented through other embodiments that do not depart from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments described above are merely illustrative in all respects and are not the only ones. All modifications within the scope of this invention or equivalent to the scope of this invention are included in this invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent remote online monitoring relay protection pressure plate switching device, characterized in that, include: Housing, transmission mechanism housed within housing, rotary mechanical logic function switch, control unit and detection module; The transmission mechanism includes a stepper motor, a multi-stage reduction gear set driven by the motor gears, and a large gear driven by the gear set. The output shaft of the large gear is connected to a rotary mechanical logic function switch. The rotary mechanical logic function switch includes an annular insulating circuit board fixed to the housing and a movable insulating circuit board mounted on the bottom of the large gear. The annular insulating circuit board has multiple copper foil conductive contact pieces distributed in a ring on its surface, and the movable insulating circuit board has at least two sets of contact brushes at its bottom. The contact brushes selectively contact the copper foil conductive contact pieces when the gear rotates to form different circuit paths. The control unit includes a main controller module, a drive module, and an encoder. The main controller module sends pulse signals to the stepper motor through the drive module. The encoder detects the rotation angle of the large gear in real time and feeds it back to the main controller module to form a closed-loop control. The detection module includes a photoelectric sensor and a display unit. The photoelectric sensor detects the angular displacement of the large gear, and the main controller module generates protection pressure plate engagement / disengagement status data based on the angular displacement signal and drives the display unit to output visual status information.

2. The intelligent remote online monitoring relay protection pressure plate switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-stage reduction gear set includes a first-stage reduction gear and a second-stage reduction gear. The first-stage reduction gear meshes with the motor gear, and the second-stage reduction gear meshes with the large gear. The movable insulating circuit board is elastically pressed onto the annular insulating circuit board by a compression spring, and the bottom of the movable insulating circuit board is provided with a movable rail column that passes through the base guide rail to ensure that the brush and the copper foil conductive contact piece maintain stable contact during rotation. The encoder calculates the actual displacement of the stepper motor by detecting the rotation angle of the large gear. The main controller module compares the deviation between the actual displacement and the target displacement and dynamically adjusts the pulse signal frequency.

3. The intelligent remote online monitoring relay protection pressure plate switching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The copper foil conductive contacts of the rotary mechanical logic function switch form four independent contact conductive tracks A, B, C, and D. Tracks A and B are connected to the protective pressure plate terminals, while tracks C and D are connected to the level signal input terminals. These four independent contact conductive tracks are arranged in parallel. Track A includes the connected A1 and A2 tracks; track B includes the separated B1 and B2 tracks, with track A1 corresponding to track B1 and track A2 corresponding to track B2; track C includes the separated C1, C2, and C3 tracks; and track D includes the separated D1, D2, D3, and D4 tracks, with track C1 corresponding to tracks D1 and D2, track C2 corresponding to tracks D2 and D3, and track C3 corresponding to tracks D3 and D4.

4. The intelligent remote online monitoring relay protection pressure plate switching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the first set of contact brushes connects to rail A1-B1 and the second set of contact brushes connects to rail C1-D1, a high-level trigger protection activation signal is output. When the first set of contact brushes connects to rails A2-B2 and the second set of contact brushes connects to rails C3-D3, a low-level trigger protection exit signal is output.

5. The intelligent remote online monitoring relay protection pressure plate switching device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control unit includes a digital output module, which includes an A / D converter, a data buffer isolator, and a memory. When the second set of contact brushes connects to rails C1-D1, a 5V high level is transmitted to the main controller module I / O interface via the buffer isolator, triggering the protection activation event switch quantity. When the second set of contact brushes connects to rail C3-D3, the 1V low level causes the main controller module I / O interface level to change, triggering the protection exit event switch quantity. The buffer isolator eliminates signal misalignment caused by contact jitter and electromagnetic interference.

6. The intelligent remote online monitoring relay protection pressure plate switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection module also includes a remote communication unit, which uses a full-duplex serial communication circuit to connect to the power automation system. The main controller module writes the protection pressure plate activation / deactivation status data into the operation event list and matches the preset alarm thresholds through a two-dimensional relationship model; When the real-time switch data deviates from the threshold, the voice alarm module is activated and a visual fault log is generated.

7. A method for switching intelligent remote online monitoring relay protection pressure plates, based on the intelligent remote online monitoring relay protection pressure plate switching device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The main controller module receives remote or local operation commands, parses the commands to obtain the target deployment / retreat status and the corresponding rotation angle of the large gear target; The number of pulses required to calculate the target displacement is calculated based on the stepper motor step angle, and a directional pulse sequence is sent to the stepper motor through the drive module; The encoder monitors the actual rotation angle of the large gear in real time. The main controller module compares the deviation between the actual angle and the target angle. If the deviation exceeds the tolerance threshold, the pulse frequency is dynamically corrected. A photoelectric sensor detects the angular displacement of a large gear, triggering the contact between the brush and a specific copper foil contact piece in a rotary mechanical logic function switch; The main controller module collects the level signal generated by the brush contact. When a high level is detected in the C1-D1 path, a protection activation status is generated. When a low level is detected in the C3-D3 path, a protection deactivation status is generated. Status variables are written to the database after being isolated by a data buffer, driving the LCD to display the real-time status and uploading it to the remote monitoring center.

8. The intelligent remote online monitoring relay protection switch method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific process of dynamically correcting the pulse frequency is as follows: The encoder converts the actual rotation angle of the large gear into a pulse feedback signal, and the main controller module calculates the angle difference between the target angle and the actual angle. Divide the angle difference by the step angle to obtain the number of compensation steps, and generate a compensation pulse sequence that is superimposed on the original pulse sequence.

9. The intelligent remote online monitoring relay protection switch method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The state variable processing procedure includes: The main controller module matches real-time switching signals with scene models in a pre-set database to establish a two-dimensional relationship table of activation and deactivation signals; If the current switch combination does not match any preset scenario model, the time window filtering algorithm will be activated to re-acquire the signal.

10. The intelligent remote online monitoring relay protection switch method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Database management includes: Establish a protection pressure plate event database to store historical operation times, numbers, status types, and alarm codes; When a new enable / disable event is detected, retrieve the historical records of the same switch combination from the event library; If the current event trigger frequency exceeds twice the historical average frequency, it will be marked as a high-risk operation and a video review process will be initiated.

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