Special turning machine for wind power bolt slender shaft

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of lathes, in particular to a wind power bolt slender shaft turning special machine which comprises a machine body composed of a shell and a base. A main shaft unit, a sliding table unit and a tool rest unit are arranged on the base; the self-avoiding positioning unit is arranged on the main shaft unit, the self-avoiding positioning unit comprises a telescopic positioning assembly and a locking assembly used for locking the positioning assembly, and the positioning assembly is used for conducting double positioning of axial jacking and radial clamping on the wind power bolt; the positioning assembly can contract in the machining process so as to avoid a tool feeding space. The retractable positioning assembly is matched with the locking assembly for linkage unlocking, when the tool rest unit moves to a clamping area, unlocking can be automatically triggered, the claw petals are retracted, the machining space of a tool is completely avoided, and therefore integrated continuous machining of a wind power bolt shaft body and threads at the two ends is achieved. And the procedures of end waste cutting and secondary clamping are thoroughly eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lathes, and in particular to a special machine for turning slender shafts of wind turbine bolts. Background Technology

[0002] As a critical fastening component of long shafts, wind turbine bolts require high-precision threading at both ends. Currently, there are two main processing schemes for machining long shaft components like wind turbine bolts on twin-spindle lathes. One scheme uses a three-jaw chuck with two spindles for clamping and center support. While this ensures clamping stability, the chuck jaws can obstruct the workpiece end, creating a blind spot. This necessitates material removal and re-clamping after machining, leading to material waste and precision deviation. The other scheme uses a one-end spindle movement to avoid obstruction, attempting to machine the entire workpiece. However, this one-end spindle movement method still presents certain technical challenges.

[0003] First, after the first spindle completes the front-end machining, the second spindle directly catches the workpiece, and then the first spindle releases, allowing the workpiece to be machined on the other end by the second spindle, with the center rest providing auxiliary support during the process. However, the second spindle clamps the already machined end, and the radial clamping force of the chuck jaws can easily scratch or indent the machined thread surface, directly affecting meshing accuracy and connection reliability. Second, the positioning reference for the secondary clamping relies on the machined end, making it difficult to completely coincide with the initial machining reference of the first spindle. This inevitably leads to errors in the coaxiality of the threads or shaft at both ends of the wind turbine bolt, thus affecting the fatigue resistance of the subsequent finished product. Third, the single-spindle clamping design of the first / second spindle, combined with the center rest support, has limited stability in the face of centrifugal force and cutting resistance generated by high-speed cutting, easily causing workpiece vibration and deflection deformation, further exacerbating fluctuations in machining accuracy. Finally, the additional steps of spindle movement and docking, workpiece handover, and recalibration significantly increase process flow time, extend the single-piece machining cycle, and reduce the efficiency of mass production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problem in the above or existing technology that the cutting tool cannot reach the clamped end area due to the spatial obstruction of the claw flap, and that this area becomes a blind spot in the machining process where thread machining cannot be performed, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a special machine for turning slender shafts of wind turbine bolts.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A special turning machine for slender shafts of wind turbine bolts includes a machine body consisting of a shell and a base; the base is provided with a spindle unit, a slide unit and a tool holder unit;

[0008] A self-avoidance positioning unit is disposed on the spindle unit, the self-avoidance positioning unit comprising:

[0009] The retractable positioning component and the locking component for locking the positioning component, wherein the positioning component is used for dual positioning of the wind turbine bolt by axial clamping and radial clamping, and the positioning component can retract during the processing to avoid the tool feed space;

[0010] The unlocking component is used to release the locking state of the locking component when the tool holder unit moves close to the clamping area of ​​the positioning component, provided for the positioning component to avoid the locking action.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the special machine for turning slender shafts of wind turbine bolts according to the present invention, the main spindle unit is provided with a chuck body, the positioning component includes three mounting boxes that are evenly distributed along the circumference of the chuck body and can slide along the radial direction of the chuck body, the mounting boxes are slidably fitted with claws, and a number of strong springs are fixedly installed between the claws and the inner wall of the mounting box, and a center pin is fixedly installed in the middle of the chuck body.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the special machine for turning slender shafts of wind turbine bolts according to the present invention, the locking assembly includes a mounting groove formed on the mounting box, a plurality of sliding rods are fixedly installed in the mounting groove, a connecting plate is slidably installed on the outer side of the plurality of sliding rods, and a locking plate is fixedly installed on the connecting plate.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the special machine for turning slender shafts of wind turbine bolts according to the present invention, wherein: the locking plate slides through the mounting groove and extends into the mounting box, and the locking plate is used to lock the position of the claw flap; a plurality of return springs are installed between the locking plate and the inner wall of the mounting groove, and the return springs are sleeved on the outer side of the corresponding slide rod.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the special machine for turning slender shafts of wind turbine bolts according to the present invention, the unlocking component includes a groove formed on the claw and a spring telescopic slider slidably installed in the groove. The telescopic ends of the three spring telescopic sliders are jointly installed with an installation ring, and a rotating ring is rotatably installed on the installation ring.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the special machine for turning slender shafts of wind turbine bolts according to the present invention, wherein: a plurality of unlocking plates are fixedly installed on the side of the mounting ring near the claw flap, the unlocking plates slide through the mounting box and extend into the mounting groove, and the locking plate is provided with a wedge-shaped groove that cooperates with the unlocking plates.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the special machine for turning slender shafts of wind turbine bolts according to the present invention, wherein: a plurality of limiting rods are fixedly installed on the side of the mounting ring near the claw flap, and the limiting rods slide in cooperation with the chuck body.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the special machine for turning slender shafts of wind turbine bolts according to the present invention, wherein: a linear guide is fixedly installed on the base, and two sets of spindle units are arranged symmetrically along the moving direction of the tool holder unit, and one set of spindle units is slidably connected to the linear guide.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the special machine for turning slender shafts of wind turbine bolts according to the present invention, the slide unit is slidably connected to the linear guide, the slide unit includes a servo slide slidably mounted on the linear guide, a large slide is slidably mounted on the servo slide, and the tool holder unit is provided with two sets of mutually symmetrical parts along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the main spindle unit, and the two sets of tool holder units are respectively fixedly connected to the servo slide and the large slide.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the special machine for turning slender shafts of wind turbine bolts according to the present invention, the center frame unit includes a small slide table that is slidably mounted on a large slide table, a center frame that is fixedly mounted on the small slide table, and a hydraulic cylinder that is fixedly mounted on the large slide table, with the output end of the hydraulic cylinder fixedly connected to the small slide table.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the special turning machine for slender shafts of wind turbine bolts of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] In this application, through the design of the self-avoidance positioning unit, when the tool holder approaches the end of the workpiece, the unlocking component can be automatically triggered to release the lock, pushing the claw flap to retract and avoid the workpiece, completely freeing up the tool feed space, completely eliminating the blind spot in the end machining of the wind turbine bolt, eliminating the need to remove scrap, significantly saving the cost of high-strength alloy steel material, and avoiding scratches and crushing of the machined thread surface caused by secondary clamping in the spindle movement scheme, ensuring thread engagement accuracy and connection reliability; realizing integrated machining of the wind turbine bolt shaft and the threads at both ends, without the need for secondary clamping throughout the process, and eliminating the need for spindle movement to... The seamless connection or workpiece handover not only saves extra process flow and calibration time, greatly improving the efficiency of mass production, but also completely avoids coaxiality errors caused by secondary positioning because it is based on the same initial datum. Furthermore, during the claw flap avoidance process, the ejector pin at this end always maintains axial positioning, while the other end is still clamped by the positioning component. With the help of the center frame follow-up support, a stable structure with positioning at both ends and support from the center frame is formed. Compared with the single spindle clamping solution, it greatly improves the rigidity and stability during high-speed cutting, effectively suppresses vibration and deflection deformation, and ensures that the fluctuation of machining accuracy is controllable. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the outer shell of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the internal three-dimensional structure of the outer shell of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the linear guide and base portion of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the self-avoidance positioning unit and the main body of the chuck of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mounting box and claw flap portion of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mounting ring, rotating ring, and unlocking plate of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mounting box, the strong spring, and the claw flap of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 A magnified view of part A in the middle.

[0032] Figure 10 This is an exploded three-dimensional view of the connecting plate, locking plate, and reset spring of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the servo slide of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the large slide section of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the tool holder unit of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the central frame unit of the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Machine body; 11. Outer shell; 12. Base; 2. Spindle unit; 3. Slide unit; 31. Servo slide; 32. Large slide; 4. Tool post unit; 5. Center frame unit; 51. Hydraulic cylinder; 52. Small slide; 53. Center frame; 6. Self-avoiding positioning unit; 61. Positioning assembly; 611. Mounting box; 612. Strong spring; 613. Claw flap; 614. Ejector pin; 62. Locking assembly; 621. Mounting groove; 622. Slide rod; 623. Connecting plate; 624. Locking plate; 625. Return spring; 63. Unlocking assembly; 631. Slide groove; 632. Spring telescopic slider; 633. Mounting ring; 634. Rotating ring; 635. Unlocking plate; 636. Wedge groove; 637. Limit rod; 7. Chuck body; 8. Linear guide. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 This embodiment provides a special turning machine for slender shafts of wind turbine bolts, which can completely eliminate the process of cutting off waste material at the ends of wind turbine bolts and secondary clamping. It includes a machine body 1 composed of a shell 11 and a base 12; the base 12 is provided with a spindle unit 2, a slide unit 3 and a tool holder unit 4; a self-avoidance positioning unit 6 and a chuck body 7 are provided on the spindle unit 2. The self-avoidance positioning unit 6 includes a retractable positioning component 61 and a locking component 62 for locking the positioning component 61. The positioning component 61 is used for dual positioning of the wind turbine bolt by axial clamping and radial clamping, and the positioning component 61 can retract during the processing to avoid the tool feed space; the unlocking component 63 is used to be triggered by the unit when the tool holder unit 4 moves close to the clamping area of ​​the positioning component 61 and releases the locking state of the locking component 62, providing conditions for the positioning component 61 to avoid the movement.

[0040] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The base 12 is fixedly mounted with a linear guide 8. The spindle unit 2 is arranged in two symmetrical sets along the moving direction of the tool holder unit 4, and one set of spindle units 2 is slidably connected to the linear guide 8.

[0041] It should be noted that the spacing between the two sets of spindle units 2 can be flexibly adjusted according to the specifications of the wind turbine bolts to accommodate the clamping requirements of wind turbine bolts of different lengths; the axes of the two sets of spindle units 2 are kept coaxial, providing a basis for the coaxiality of the thread processing at both ends of the wind turbine bolts; the dual spindles adopt synchronous drive control to ensure the stability of the wind turbine bolts when rotating at high speed, avoid processing errors caused by speed differences, and adapt to the cutting load requirements of the high-strength materials of the wind turbine bolts; the aforementioned spindle unit 2 consists of a rotary cylinder, a spindle base 12, a spindle, and other components; the specific structure and working control principle of the spindle unit 2 are existing technologies, and therefore will not be described in detail in this application.

[0042] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 The slide unit 3 is slidably connected to the linear guide 8. The slide unit 3 includes a servo slide 31 slidably mounted on the linear guide 8. A large slide 32 is slidably mounted on the servo slide 31. The tool holder unit 4 is provided with two sets of tools symmetrically arranged in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the spindle unit 2. The two sets of tool holder units 4 are fixedly connected to the servo slide 31 and the large slide 32, respectively.

[0043] It should be noted that the two sets of tool holder units 4 can be equipped with different functional tools. One set is used for roughing, and the other set is used for finishing and threading. Independent or synchronous feeding is achieved through CNC system control to complete the integrated machining of the wind turbine bolt shaft and thread. The tool holder unit 4 is composed of tool holders and cutting tools. The specific structure and working control principle of the tool holder unit 4 are existing technologies, so they will not be described in detail in this application.

[0044] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 14 The central frame unit 5 includes a small slide 52 that is slidably mounted on a large slide 32. A central frame 53 is fixedly mounted on the small slide 52. A hydraulic cylinder 51 is fixedly mounted on the large slide 32, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 51 is fixedly connected to the small slide 52.

[0045] It should be noted that the center support 53 provides precise follow-up support for the wind turbine bolt shaft; the support claws of the center support 53 are made of elastic and wear-resistant material, which can not only fit tightly against the wind turbine bolt shaft to ensure support stability, but also avoid damage to the shaft surface; at the same time, the center support 53 and the tool holder unit 4 move in tandem to maintain support for the shaft near the machining area, reducing deflection deformation and tool vibration; in addition, the movement of the center support 53 is achieved by the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 51 controlled by the CNC system. When the tool holder processes to the end of the wind turbine bolt and gradually approaches the chuck body 7, the hydraulic cylinder 51 is automatically triggered to retract, driving the small slide 52 and the center support 53 to move away from the chuck body 7 simultaneously, achieving automatic avoidance and preventing the center support 53 from colliding with the chuck body 7, ensuring the safety and continuity of the machining process without the need for manual intervention; the working control principle of the center support unit 5 is existing technology, so it will not be described in detail in this application.

[0046] In practical use, the operator places the wind turbine bolt blank between the two sets of spindle units 2. Then, the CNC system controls the movement of the spindle unit 2, which is slidably connected to the linear guide 8, according to the blank length parameters, and adjusts the distance between the two sets of spindles. Subsequently, the chuck bodies 7 of the two sets of spindle units 2 move synchronously: one end of the blank is aligned with the ejector pin 614 of the left chuck and fits against it, while the ejector pin 614 of the right chuck presses against the other end of the blank. The ejector pin 614 is initially positioned axially, and then the positioning components 61 on both sides radially clamp the two ends of the blank to form a double fixation, which completely restricts the freedom of the blank and ensures that the rotation axis of the wind turbine bolt blank is completely coincident with the axis of the two spindles.

[0047] While the positioning component 61 is clamped, the CNC system controls the hydraulic cylinder 51 on the large slide 32 to extend and retract according to the length-to-diameter ratio parameter of the wind turbine bolt, pushing the small slide 52 to move the center frame 53 to the shaft of the wind turbine bolt blank. The elastic wear-resistant support claws of the center frame 53 fit against the outer circle of the shaft of the wind turbine bolt blank, forming a stable structure with positioning at both ends and support in the middle. This offsets the deflection deformation and vibration risk generated during subsequent rotational cutting in advance, and avoids the shaft straightness deviation. After clamping and support are ready, the two sets of spindle units 2 start in synchronous drive mode, driving the wind turbine bolt fixed by the positioning component 61 to rotate at high speed and smoothly.

[0048] Next, the two sets of tool holder units 4 feed independently or synchronously along the guide rails of the servo slide 31 and the large slide 32, respectively. One set of tool holders is equipped with roughing tools to quickly remove excess material from the wind turbine bolt shaft and complete the rough turning process of the shaft. The other set of tool holders is equipped with finishing and threading tools, which closely follow the roughing process to complete the finish turning of the shaft and gradually advance towards both ends of the wind turbine bolt blank for threading. Throughout the process, the center rest 53 moves in conjunction with the tool holder unit 4 to maintain support for the shaft near the machining area and continuously suppress deformation caused by cutting resistance.

[0049] When the tool holder unit 4 moves to the clamping area of ​​the positioning component 61 near one end of the wind turbine bolt blank, the tool holder first presses to trigger the unlocking component 63, which in turn releases the locking component 62 from its locked state. Then, the positioning component 61 retracts to make room for the tool to move, and the tool holder smoothly advances to the end of the wind turbine bolt blank to complete the thread processing at that end, completely eliminating the end blind spot in the processing of existing dual-spindle turning machines. During this process, the center support 53 is controlled by the CNC system. When the tool holder approaches the chuck body 7, the hydraulic cylinder 51 automatically retracts, driving the center support 53 to move away from the chuck body 7 simultaneously, avoiding collision between the two and ensuring continuous and safe processing. After the thread processing at one end is completed, the tool holder unit 4 returns to a safe position, the unlocking component 63 and the positioning component 61 at this end reset, and the locking component 62 clamps and fixes the wind turbine bolt blank again. Then, the tool holder unit 4 moves to the other end of the wind turbine bolt and repeats the above process to complete the thread processing at the other end, realizing the integrated forming of the wind turbine bolt shaft and the threads at both ends.

[0050] After the entire shaft machining process is completed, the dual spindles stop rotating, the positioning component 61 releases its clamp on the wind turbine bolt, and the support claw of the center frame 53 disengages from the shaft body; the spindle unit 2, which is slidably connected to the linear guide 8, moves in the opposite direction along the guide, increasing the distance between the two sets of spindle units 2, and the operator can directly remove the machined wind turbine bolt and enter the next machining cycle; the entire process does not require additional processes such as secondary clamping and waste removal, which greatly improves the mass production efficiency of wind turbine bolts.

[0051] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The positioning component 61 includes three mounting boxes 611 that are evenly distributed around the circumference of the chuck body 7 and can slide radially along the chuck body 7. Claws 613 are slidably assembled inside the mounting boxes 611. Several strong springs 612 are fixedly installed between the claws 613 and the inner wall of the mounting boxes 611. A pin 614 is fixedly installed in the middle of the chuck body 7.

[0052] It should be noted that the contact surfaces of the three claw flaps 613 and the wind turbine bolt are equipped with rollers. The rollers can roll along the extension and retraction direction of the claw flaps 613. This reduces the frictional resistance between the claw flaps 613 and the outer circle of the wind turbine bolt during extension and retraction, ensuring smooth avoidance. At the same time, the contact between the rollers and the surface of the wind turbine bolt blank maintains sufficient clamping force, restricting the claw flaps 613 from rotating around the circumference of the wind turbine bolt. This allows the claw flaps 613 to drive the wind turbine bolt to rotate synchronously with the chuck body 7, effectively transmitting torque and avoiding machining errors caused by slippage of the wind turbine bolt blank. Meanwhile, the ejector pin 614 is coaxial with the axis of the chuck body 7, forming a dual positioning structure of axial clamping and radial holding with the three claw flaps 613. This restricts the movement of the wind turbine bolt axially, and together with the radial clamping force of the claw flaps 613, greatly improves the clamping stability.

[0053] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The locking assembly 62 includes a mounting groove 621 formed on the mounting box 611. A plurality of sliding rods 622 are fixedly installed in the mounting groove 621. A connecting plate 623 is slidably installed on the outer side of the plurality of sliding rods 622. A locking plate 624 is fixedly installed on the connecting plate 623.

[0054] It should be noted that the locking plate 624 restricts the extension and retraction of the claw flap 613 through mechanical locking, thereby effectively resisting the impact of cutting force and centrifugal force on the claw flap 613 during processing, and preventing the claw flap 613 from accidentally contracting and affecting processing stability; the return spring 625 can ensure that the locking plate 624 always maintains the locking state of the claw flap 613, and at the same time, when the unlocking action is triggered, the locking plate 624 can be released without hindering the avoidance movement of the claw flap 613; the slide rod 622 can guide the sliding of the locking plate 624.

[0055] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 The locking plate 624 slides through the mounting groove 621 and extends into the mounting box 611. The locking plate 624 is used to lock the position of the claw flap 613. Several return springs 625 are installed between the locking plate 624 and the inner wall of the mounting groove 621. The return springs 625 are sleeved on the outside of the corresponding slide rod 622.

[0056] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 The unlocking component 63 includes a groove 631 formed on the claw flap 613 and a spring telescopic slider 632 slidably installed in the groove 631. The telescopic ends of the three spring telescopic sliders 632 are jointly mounted with an mounting ring 633, and a rotating ring 634 is rotatably mounted on the mounting ring 633.

[0057] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10The mounting ring 633 is fixedly mounted with several unlocking plates 635 on the side near the claw flap 613. The unlocking plates 635 slide through the mounting box 611 and extend into the mounting groove 621. The locking plate 624 has a wedge-shaped groove 636 that cooperates with the unlocking plates 635. The mounting ring 633 is fixedly mounted with several limiting rods 637 on the side near the claw flap 613. The limiting rods 637 slide with the chuck body 7.

[0058] It should be noted that the spring-loaded telescopic slider 632 can retract when the tool holder is compressed. During the retraction process, the movement of the mounting ring 633 can trigger the unlocking component 63 to unlock the locking component 62. The rotating ring 634 can prevent the tool holder from directly contacting the mounting ring 633, thereby avoiding frictional wear on the tool holder. The wedge-shaped fit design of the unlocking plate 635 and the locking plate 624 can convert the thrust of the tool holder into the unlocking force of the locking plate 624, thereby unlocking and ensuring that the avoidance action responds to the processing requirements in a timely manner. The mounting box 611 has a through-hole receiving groove that communicates with the mounting slot 621. The receiving groove provides sufficient movement space for the unlocking plate 635 to continue moving after unlocking the claw 613.

[0059] In actual use, in the initial state, the powerful spring 612 inside the mounting box 611 naturally extends, pushing the claw 613 to slide outward along the mounting box 611; at the same time, the locking plate 624 abuts against the end of the claw 613 inside the mounting box 611, thereby locking the claw 613 and preventing it from slipping; after the wind turbine bolt blank is loaded and the pins 614 at both ends are initially axially positioned, the chuck body 7 controls the three claws 613 to move radially, so that the rollers of the claws 613 are tightly attached to the outer surface of the wind turbine bolt, forming a balanced radial clamping force; the rollers convert the sliding friction between the claws 613 and the wind turbine bolt blank into rolling friction, reducing resistance for subsequent avoidance actions, and also ensuring that the claws 613 can transmit torque synchronously with the chuck body 7, preventing the wind turbine bolt blank from slipping.

[0060] When the tool holder unit 4 processes to the clamping area of ​​the claw 613 near the end of the wind turbine bolt, the tool holder first contacts the rotating ring 634 on the outside of the mounting ring 633. As the chuck body 7 drives the mounting ring 633 to rotate synchronously, the rotating ring 634 avoids direct friction with the tool holder by rotating on its own, reducing wear on both. At the same time, the tool holder continues to feed, squeezing the rotating ring 634 and driving the mounting ring 633 to move towards the chuck body 7. The spring telescopic slider 632 retracts, and during the movement of the mounting ring 633, it drives the end of the unlocking plate 635 to squeeze the wedge groove 636. This causes the locking plate 624 and the connecting plate 623 to move along the slide rod 622 away from the claw 613 and compress the return spring 625, causing the locking plate 624 to disengage from the claw 613 and releasing the locking restriction on the claw 613.

[0061] After the locking restriction is released, the tool holder continues to move and pushes the claw 613 to overcome the elastic force of the strong spring 612 through the compressed spring telescopic slider 632, sliding and retracting along the mounting box 611. At this time, the roller at the clamping end of the claw 613 rolls along the outer surface of the wind turbine bolt, greatly reducing the frictional resistance during the retraction process, ensuring that the claw 613 retracts smoothly into the mounting box 611 (after the claw 613 retracts into the mounting box 611, the locking plate 624 and the side wall of the claw 613 are in a sliding fit relationship), completely avoiding the tool feed path. During this period, the ejector pin 614 in the middle of the chuck body 7 always maintains a tight fit with the center hole of the workpiece, providing stable positioning from the axial direction. Together with the positioning component 61 that is not avoided at the other end, it ensures the coaxiality of the wind turbine bolt when it rotates at high speed, providing a stable working condition for the end thread finishing.

[0062] After the thread machining of the wind turbine bolt end is completed, the tool holder retracts axially, the squeezing force on the claw 613 disappears, the strong spring 612 releases its elasticity, pushing the claw 613 to slide outward and return to the initial clamping position. The rollers once again contact the outer surface of the workpiece. As the claw 613 is fully reset, the spring telescopic slider 632 resets under its own elastic force, driving the mounting ring 633 and rotating ring 634 to reset. The unlocking plate 635 disengages from the wedge groove 636, the reset spring 625 resets, and pushes the connecting plate 623 and locking plate 624 to move in the opposite direction along the slide rod 622. The locking plate 624 re-abuts against the end of the claw 613 located in the mounting box 611, restoring the rigid locking of the claw 613. The entire self-avoiding positioning unit 6 returns to the clamping state and can enter the next wind turbine bolt machining cycle.

[0063] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lathe for turning an elongated shaft of a wind turbine bolt, characterized in that: The machine body (1) is composed of a housing (11) and a base (12), and the base (12) is provided with a main shaft unit (2), a sliding table unit (3) and a tool holder unit (4); The self-avoiding positioning unit (6) provided on the main shaft unit (2) comprises, The telescopic positioning assembly (61) and the locking assembly (62) for locking the positioning assembly (61), the positioning assembly (61) is used for axial clamping and radial clamping of the wind power bolt, and the positioning assembly (61) can be retracted to avoid the tool feeding space during processing; The unlocking assembly (63) is used for triggering and linking the locking state of the locking assembly (62) when the tool holder unit (4) moves close to the clamping area of the positioning assembly (61), so as to provide conditions for the avoidance action of the positioning assembly (61).

2. The wind power bolt elongated shaft turning special machine of claim 2, wherein: The chuck body (7) is provided on the main shaft unit (2), the positioning assembly (61) comprises three installation boxes (611) which are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the chuck body (7) and can slide radially along the chuck body (7), the pawl petals (613) are slidably assembled in the installation boxes (611), a plurality of strong springs (612) are fixedly installed between the pawl petals (613) and the inner walls of the installation boxes (611), and the middle part of the chuck body (7) is fixedly installed with a thimble (614).

3. The windmill bolt elongated shaft turning special machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking assembly (62) comprises an installation groove (621) opened in the installation box (611), a plurality of slide rods (622) are fixedly installed in the installation groove (621), a connecting plate (623) is slidably installed on the outer sides of the slide rods (622), and a locking plate (624) is fixedly installed on the connecting plate (623).

4. The wind power bolt elongated shaft turning special machine of claim 3, wherein: The locking plate (624) slides through the installation groove (621) and extends into the installation box (611), and the locking plate (624) is used for locking the position of the pawl petals (613), a plurality of reset springs (625) are jointly installed between the locking plate (624) and the inner walls of the installation groove (621), and the reset springs (625) are sleeved on the outer sides of the corresponding slide rods (622).

5. The wind turbine bolt elongated shaft turning special machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The unlocking assembly (63) comprises a sliding groove (631) opened in the pawl petals (613) and a spring telescopic sliding block (632) slidably installed in the sliding groove (631), the telescopic ends of the three spring telescopic sliding blocks (632) are jointly installed with an installation ring (633), and a rotating ring (634) is rotatably installed on the installation ring (633).

6. The wind turbine bolt elongated shaft turning special machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of unlocking plates (635) are fixedly installed on the side of the installation ring (633) close to the pawl petals (613), the unlocking plates (635) slide through the installation box (611) and extend into the installation groove (621), and a wedge-shaped groove (636) matched with the unlocking plates (635) is formed in the locking plate (624).

7. The wind turbine bolt elongated shaft turning special machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of limiting rods (637) are fixedly installed on the side of the installation ring (633) close to the pawl petals (613), and the limiting rods (637) are in sliding cooperation with the chuck body (7).

8. The wind turbine bolt elongated shaft turning special machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (12) is fixedly provided with a wire track (8), the spindle units (2) are symmetrically arranged along the moving direction of the tool rest units (4), and one of the spindle units (2) is slidably connected with the wire track (8).

9. The wind turbine bolt elongated shaft turning special machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The slide table unit (3) is slidably connected with the wire track (8), the slide table unit (3) comprises a servo slide table (31) slidably arranged on the wire track (8), a large slide table (32) is slidably arranged on the servo slide table (31), the tool rest units (4) are symmetrically arranged along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the spindle units (2), and the two tool rest units (4) are respectively fixedly connected with the servo slide table (31) and the large slide table (32).

10. The wind turbine bolt elongated shaft turning special machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The center frame unit (5) comprises a small slide table (52) slidably arranged on the large slide table (32), a center frame (53) is fixedly arranged on the small slide table (52), a hydraulic cylinder (51) is fixedly arranged on the large slide table (32), and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (51) is fixedly connected with the small slide table (52).

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