Rapid dust removal system and method for engineering machinery welding

Abstract

The invention provides a rapid dust removal system and method for engineering machinery welding, and the system comprises a rack, an air suction cover which is movably arranged on the rack and is used for capturing welding smoke dust; the dust removal purifier is arranged on the rack along with the suction hood and is used for purifying welding fume; the visual detection device comprises a camera and a visual calculation unit in communication connection with the camera, and the camera is arranged on the air suction cover and used for recognizing the welding point position in real time; the visual calculation unit is used for calculating the relative position of the welding point position and the suction hood and outputting a control signal; the servo driving mechanism is used for driving the dust removal purifier and the air suction cover to move along the rack, the servo driving mechanism is in communication connection with the visual inspection device, and the air suction cover is driven to move to the position over the welding point position according to the control signal; the dust removal efficiency can be improved, the energy consumption can be reduced, and the welding gun can be accurately tracked to collect smoke dust.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust removal technology for welding of engineering machinery, and in particular to a rapid dust removal system and method for welding of engineering machinery. Background Technology

[0002] Welding is a key process in the manufacturing of construction machinery. Currently, domestic construction machinery manufacturers generally use two main methods: manual welding and robotic welding.

[0003] During welding, especially in robotic welding operations, the high temperature of the electric arc causes the metal vapor to oxidize, forming a large amount of welding fumes. These fumes are suspended in the workshop air with the hot airflow, spreading widely and at high concentrations. On the one hand, the pervasive fumes reduce visibility, affecting the accuracy and progress of welding operations, indirectly increasing production costs. On the other hand, welding fumes contain harmful substances such as metal oxides and silicates, and long-term inhalation can easily lead to occupational diseases such as welder's silicosis and metal fume fever, seriously threatening the health of workers and posing a significant safety hazard to enterprises.

[0004] To address the problem of welding fumes, existing technologies mainly employ two types of control methods:

[0005] One approach is the overall dust control method, which connects a centralized dust collection system to the main duct at the top of the workshop to exhaust air from the entire welding area. While this method offers wide coverage, it has significant drawbacks—welding fumes typically concentrate in a localized area around the welding torch, and overall exhaust leads to the intake of a large amount of ineffective air, resulting in low dust capture efficiency. Furthermore, the main duct requires a large air volume and consumes a lot of energy, significantly increasing long-term operating costs. Additionally, the main duct is complex to maintain, further burdening the company.

[0006] The second method is localized treatment, which involves setting up fixed suction hoods near the welding points to directly capture fumes. However, for large engineering machinery welding workpieces (such as vehicle frames and booms), their large size, dispersed welding points, and frequent relocation make it difficult for fixed suction hoods to completely cover all welding areas. If a movable hood is used instead, although it can follow the workpiece, it cannot accurately track the real-time position of the welding torch, and the position of the hood still needs to be manually adjusted. This is not only cumbersome and affects welding efficiency, but also the air volume design of movable hoods is usually too large, resulting in wasted energy consumption in the dust removal system and poor economic efficiency.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a dust removal system and method that can efficiently and quickly capture welding fumes and operate in an energy-saving manner. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rapid dust removal system and method for welding of engineering machinery, aiming to solve the technical problems of low efficiency, high energy consumption and inability to accurately track welding torches and capture fumes in existing dust removal methods for welding of engineering machinery.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a rapid dust removal system for welding in engineering machinery, comprising:

[0010] frame,

[0011] An air suction hood, movably mounted on the frame, is used to capture welding fumes;

[0012] A dust collector, mounted on the frame along with the suction hood, is used to purify welding fumes.

[0013] A visual inspection device includes a camera and a visual computing unit communicatively connected to the camera. The camera is mounted on the suction hood and is used to identify welding points in real time. The visual computing unit is used to calculate the relative position of the welding points and the suction hood and output control signals.

[0014] A servo drive mechanism is used to drive the dust collector and the suction hood to move along the frame, and the servo drive mechanism is communicatively connected to the vision inspection device, and drives the suction hood to move directly above the welding point according to the control signal.

[0015] As a further improvement to the above solution, the servo drive mechanism includes:

[0016] A movable frame is slidably mounted on the frame, and the air intake hood and the dust collector are mounted on the movable frame;

[0017] The mobile drive device includes a servo motor vertically mounted on the mobile frame, a drive gear mounted on the power output shaft of the servo motor, and a rack mounted on the frame, the rack being arranged along the length direction of the frame;

[0018] The drive gear meshes with the rack to drive the movable frame to move on the frame.

[0019] As a further improvement to the above solution, the servo drive mechanism also includes a guide assembly, which includes a guide rail disposed on the top of the frame and a roller disposed on the bottom of the movable frame, the roller being rotatably disposed on the top of the guide rail;

[0020] The rack is disposed on one inner side of the guide rail.

[0021] As a further improvement to the above solution, the mobile frame includes a frame body, a cantilever extending toward one side of the frame, and a suspension frame disposed on the other side of the frame and extending toward the mounting ground; the suction hood is disposed at the end of the cantilever, and the dust collector is disposed on the suspension frame.

[0022] As a further improvement to the above solution, the intake hood includes:

[0023] The cover body is a cover shell with an approximately hemispherical or conical opening, with the opening facing downwards and directly opposite the welding point;

[0024] The air supply chamber is used to receive a portion of the clean air output by the dust collector and purifier, and to distribute the clean air evenly around the hood body.

[0025] An air outlet is provided around the hood body. The air outlet has a cross-sectional shrinkage structure to increase the flow rate of clean air and to draw air from the outside of the hood body into the hood.

[0026] The return air chamber, located at the bottom of the hood body, is used to collect welding fumes that are guided into the hood by airflow and to transport the fumes to the dust collector through the return air duct.

[0027] A damping plate is disposed at the bottom of the cover body and directly below the return air chamber, for blocking welding sparks from splashing and allowing welding fumes to enter the return air chamber evenly.

[0028] As a further improvement to the above solution, the dust collector uses a filter cartridge or filter plate for filtration and separation; the dust collector is connected to the return air duct, which is used to transport the smoke and dust to the dust collector for purification.

[0029] The dust collector is also connected to an air supply duct, which is used to return a portion of the purified clean air to the air intake hood through the air supply duct.

[0030] As a further improvement to the above solution, the frame includes at least two parallel columns spaced apart, a crossbeam correspondingly arranged on the columns, and two longitudinal beams spaced apart and parallelly arranged above the crossbeams.

[0031] The guide rail is correspondingly installed on the top of the longitudinal beam along the length direction of the longitudinal beam.

[0032] As a further improvement to the above solution, limiters are provided at both ends of the longitudinal beam to control the servo drive mechanism to stop moving when the servo drive mechanism moves to the extreme positions at both ends or returns to zero.

[0033] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a rapid dust removal method for welding of engineering machinery, employing the rapid dust removal system for welding of engineering machinery as described in the first aspect, the steps of which include:

[0034] The welding points are identified in real time using a visual inspection device, and the relative position of the welding points to the suction hood is calculated.

[0035] Based on the relative position, the suction hood is moved to directly above the welding point by driving the moving frame through the moving drive device.

[0036] Welding fumes are captured by an air hood and sent to a dust collector for purification through a return air duct.

[0037] The clean air purified by the dust collector is returned to the air intake hood through the air supply duct.

[0038] As a further improvement to the above solution, when the visual inspection device detects that there has been no welding for a long time, it controls the servo drive mechanism to move the suction hood and the dust collector to the zero position at both ends, and turns off the dust collector to reduce energy consumption.

[0039] Because the present invention adopts the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0040] 1. This invention provides a rapid dust removal system for welding in engineering machinery. Through the combined synergistic effect of various technical features, it effectively solves the technical problems of low efficiency, high energy consumption, and inability to accurately track welding torches and capture fumes in existing dust removal methods. Specifically, this invention uses a camera in a vision detection device to identify the welding point in real time. The vision computing unit calculates the relative position of the welding point and the suction hood and outputs a control signal. The servo drive mechanism drives the suction hood to move rapidly above the welding point based on this signal. Compared with traditional fixed or manually adjusted suction hoods, this system achieves dynamic and precise tracking of the welding fume source, ensuring that the suction hood is always aligned with the fume generation location, significantly improving the initial fume capture efficiency and solving the problem of fume escape caused by response lag or positional deviation in traditional methods.

[0041] The dust collector moves synchronously with the suction hood (driven by the same servo drive mechanism), avoiding the ineffective airflow loss caused by long-distance pipeline transportation in traditional fixed dust collection systems, such as high-volume exhaust from the main duct but only a small amount of smoke and dust being captured. Simultaneously, the close proximity of the dust collector and suction hood shortens the smoke and dust transport path, reduces pipeline resistance loss, and lowers fan operating energy consumption, thus solving the shortcomings of traditional integrated treatment methods: "large-scale exhaust, inefficient capture, and high energy consumption."

[0042] The servo drive mechanism, based on real-time feedback from visual detection, drives the suction hood and dust collector to quickly adjust their positions. It features a short response time and high movement precision, adapting to the frequently changing welding torch trajectories in both robotic and manual welding. Compared to traditional fixed or moving hoods that require manual intervention, this system boasts a high degree of automation, reducing manual operation delays and improving the continuity and stability of fume collection under complex welding processes.

[0043] This invention integrates visual detection, servo drive, suction hood, and dust collector into a single rack, with each module working collaboratively (from point identification → position calculation → drive movement → dust purification). This avoids the installation space requirements and pipeline maintenance problems of traditional split-type dust collection systems. Simultaneously, the close-range dust collector reduces the risk of dust accumulation in the pipelines, lowers the frequency of clogging and cleaning, and further saves on operation and maintenance costs.

[0044] This invention solves the core problems of inaccurate positioning, high energy consumption, and slow response in existing engineering machinery welding dust removal by combining the technologies of "visual positioning → dynamic tracking → collaborative dust removal". It improves the efficiency of dust collection while reducing operating costs and is suitable for the high-efficiency dust removal needs of complex working conditions such as large-scale engineering machinery welding.

[0045] 2. This invention also provides a rapid dust removal method for welding engineering machinery. Through the coordinated implementation of each step and the combination of technical features, it can effectively solve the technical problems of low positioning accuracy, insufficient dust collection efficiency, high system energy consumption, and lack of airflow circulation optimization in existing welding dust removal methods. Specifically:

[0046] The welding point is identified in real time by a visual inspection device, and its relative position to the suction hood is calculated. The moving frame is then driven to quickly move the suction hood directly above the welding point. Compared to traditional fixed or manually adjusted suction hoods, this method achieves dynamic and precise tracking of the welding fume source, ensuring that the suction hood is always aligned with the fume generation location. This solves the problem of fume escape caused by response lag or positional deviation in traditional methods, and significantly improves the initial collection efficiency of welding fumes.

[0047] The welding fumes captured by the suction hood are directly sent to the dust collector for purification through the return air duct, shortening the fume transport path and reducing pipeline resistance loss. Compared to traditional centralized dust collection systems that require long-distance main ducts to extract and disperse fumes, this method avoids ineffective airflow loss, such as large-scale ventilation but only capturing a small amount of fumes, reducing fan operating energy consumption and pipeline construction costs, and solving the defects of "high energy consumption and low efficiency" in traditional methods.

[0048] A portion of the clean air purified by the dust collector is returned to the suction hood through an air supply duct, creating an internal airflow circulation. This circulating airflow enhances the suction hood's ability to capture smoke and dust, such as by replenishing the negative pressure inside the hood, guiding external smoke and dust to converge inside, and reducing interference from external airflow, further stabilizing the smoke and dust capture effect. Compared to traditional suction hoods without airflow assistance, this method optimizes the flow field inside the hood through circulating airflow, reducing the probability of smoke and dust escape and improving purification stability.

[0049] This method employs fully automated control throughout the entire process, from visual recognition to position calculation, motion drive, fume collection, and purification circulation. It adapts to the frequently changing welding torch trajectories in both robotic and manual welding, eliminating the need for manual intervention to adjust the suction hood position and reducing operational delays and labor intensity. The tightly integrated steps, such as real-time feedback from visual detection and immediate response from motion drive, ensure continuous and efficient fume collection during welding, making it suitable for highly dynamic welding scenarios in engineering machinery.

[0050] This invention solves the problems of inaccurate positioning, high energy consumption, and poor airflow organization in existing welding dust removal by combining the technologies of "precise positioning → short-range purification → airflow circulation". It improves the efficiency of dust collection and purification stability while reducing operating costs, and is suitable for the high-efficiency dust removal needs of complex working conditions such as welding of large engineering machinery. Attached Figure Description

[0051] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0052] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of a rapid dust removal system for welding engineering machinery disclosed in this invention;

[0053] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of a rapid dust removal system for welding engineering machinery disclosed in this invention;

[0054] Figure 3 This is a side view schematic diagram of a rapid dust removal system for welding engineering machinery disclosed in this invention;

[0055] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the I-axis;

[0056] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the J-axis.

[0057] Figure label:

[0058] 1. Frame; 11. Column; 12. Crossbeam; 13. Longitudinal beam; 2. Suction hood; 21. Hood body; 22. Air supply chamber; 23. Air outlet; 24. Return air chamber; 25. Damping plate; 3. Dust collector; 4. Vision inspection device; 41. Camera; 5. Servo drive mechanism; 51. Moving frame; 511. Frame body; 512. Cantilever; 513. Suspension frame; 52. Moving drive device; 521. Servo motor; 522. Drive gear; 523. Rack; 6. Guide assembly; 61. Guide rail; 62. Roller; 7. Return air duct; 8. Air supply duct; 9. Limiter.

[0059] The objectives, features, and advantages of this invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0060] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0061] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0062] Furthermore, in this invention, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature.

[0063] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] See Figures 1-5 This invention provides a rapid dust removal system for welding of engineering machinery, which mainly addresses the problems of low dust collection efficiency, high energy consumption, and inability to accurately track the position of the welding torch in existing dust removal methods during the welding process of engineering machinery.

[0066] This system includes a frame 1, an air intake hood 2, a dust collector 3, a vision inspection device 4, and a servo drive mechanism 5. These components work together through a reasonable mechanical connection and signal communication, as detailed below:

[0067] Frame 1 serves as the supporting foundation for the entire dust removal system, providing an installation platform for other components and ensuring the stability and positional accuracy of each component in the welding operation environment.

[0068] The suction hood 2 is movably mounted on the frame 1, and its position can be dynamically adjusted according to changes in the welding point. The suction hood 2 is a key component that directly captures welding fumes. Through a reasonable structural design, it can create a negative pressure zone near the welding point during operation, drawing the fumes generated during the welding process into the hood.

[0069] The dust collector 3, installed on the frame 1 in conjunction with the suction hood 2, is connected to the suction hood 2 via a return air duct 7. It is used to purify the welding fumes captured by the suction hood 2, filtering out harmful substances and solid particles to ensure the emitted air meets environmental standards. The dust collector 3 employs high-efficiency filter media, such as filter cartridges and filter plates, which can effectively intercept dust particles of different sizes, ensuring purification efficiency.

[0070] The visual inspection device 4 includes a camera 41 and a visual computing unit communicatively connected to the camera 41. The camera 41 is mounted on the suction hood 2 to acquire image information of the welding area in real time. In this embodiment, cameras 41 are respectively arranged at the four corners of the suction hood 2 for multi-directional acquisition of image information of the welding area. The visual computing unit processes and analyzes the images acquired by the cameras 41, identifies the position of the welding point, calculates the relative position between the welding point and the suction hood 2, and then outputs corresponding control signals. The visual inspection device 4, through a high-precision image recognition algorithm, can accurately identify features such as welding arc light and dense smoke, providing reliable target information for the precise movement of the suction hood 2.

[0071] The servo drive mechanism 5 is communicatively connected to the vision inspection device 4 and receives control signals output by the vision computing unit. The servo drive mechanism 5 drives the dust collector 3 and the suction hood 2 to move along a preset track on the frame 1, precisely adjusting the position of the suction hood 2 according to the control signals so that it can quickly move directly above the welding point. The servo drive mechanism 5 possesses high-precision positioning capabilities and a fast response speed, adapting to frequent changes in the welding torch position during welding, ensuring that the suction hood 2 always closely follows the welding point.

[0072] The specific process of this system in actual operation is as follows:

[0073] After the welding operation begins, the camera 41 in the vision inspection device 4 continuously monitors the welding area, acquiring image information of the welding area in real time. The camera 41 transmits the acquired image data to the vision computing unit. The vision computing unit uses its built-in image processing algorithm to identify the characteristics of the welding arc and dense smoke in the image, determining the specific location of the current welding point. At the same time, the vision computing unit calculates the relative positional relationship between the welding point and the suction hood 2 based on the current position information of the suction hood 2, and converts this relative positional information into a control signal. Through the real-time monitoring and precise calculation of the vision inspection device 4, accurate target position information is provided for the subsequent precise movement of the suction hood 2, solving the problem of inaccurate position of the suction hood 2 caused by the inability to obtain the welding point position in real time in traditional dust removal methods.

[0074] After receiving the control signal output by the vision computing unit, the servo drive mechanism 5 drives the suction hood 2 and the dust collector 3 to move along the track on the frame 1 based on the relative position information contained in the signal. Through a high-precision motor and transmission mechanism, the servo drive mechanism 5 controls the suction hood 2 to make precise position adjustments, gradually moving it directly above the welding point. During the movement, the servo drive mechanism 5 can quickly respond to changes in the welding point, ensuring that the suction hood 2 always closely follows the welding torch position, achieving dynamic and precise tracking of the welding fume source.

[0075] Once the suction hood 2 moves directly above the welding point, it begins operation, creating a negative pressure environment to capture and collect the fumes generated during welding. The captured fumes are then transported to the dust collector 3 via the return air duct 7. Inside the dust collector 3, the fumes undergo efficient filtration and separation, removing solid particles and harmful substances to obtain clean air that meets environmental standards. Simultaneously, the dust collector 3 moves synchronously with the suction hood 2, shortening the fume transport path, reducing duct resistance loss and fan energy consumption, and avoiding the ineffective airflow loss and high energy consumption problems caused by long-distance transport in traditional centralized dust collection systems.

[0076] Throughout the welding process, the vision inspection device 4 continuously monitors the changes in the welding point, calculates the relative position of the welding point and the suction hood 2 in real time, and outputs control signals; the servo drive mechanism 5 continuously adjusts the position of the suction hood 2 according to the control signals to ensure that the suction hood 2 is always aligned with the welding point; the suction hood 2 continuously captures welding fumes and transports the fumes to the dust collector 3 for purification through the return air duct 7.

[0077] This invention integrates visual detection, servo drive, suction hood 2, and dust collector 3 onto a single frame 1. Each module works collaboratively (from point identification → position calculation → drive movement → dust purification), avoiding the space constraints and pipeline maintenance problems of traditional split-type dust collection systems. Simultaneously, the close proximity of the dust collector 3 reduces the risk of dust accumulation in the pipelines, lowering the frequency of blockages and cleaning, and further saving on operation and maintenance costs. In summary, this invention, through the combination of "visual positioning → dynamic tracking → collaborative dust collection," solves the core problems of inaccurate positioning, high energy consumption, and slow response in existing engineering machinery welding dust collection. It improves dust collection efficiency while reducing operating costs, making it suitable for the high-efficiency dust collection needs of complex working conditions such as large-scale engineering machinery welding.

[0078] In a preferred embodiment, the servo drive mechanism 5 includes:

[0079] The movable frame 51 is a support platform for mounting the suction hood 2 and the dust collector 3, and is slidably mounted on the frame 1. The movable frame 51 is connected to the frame 1 via a sliding connection and can move freely along the length of the frame 1 under power. The suction hood 2 and the dust collector 3 are fixedly mounted on the movable frame 51 and move synchronously with it, thereby allowing adjustment of the position above the welding point.

[0080] The mobile drive unit 52 is the power source that drives the mobile frame 51 to move. It adopts a gear-rack transmission structure 523, specifically including:

[0081] The servo motor 521 is vertically mounted on the moving frame 51 and provides driving force for the moving frame 51.

[0082] The drive gear 522 is mounted on the power output shaft of the servo motor 521 and rotates synchronously with the rotation of the servo motor 521.

[0083] A rack 523 is fixedly mounted on the frame 1 along its length and meshes with the drive gear 522. The rack 523 serves as a fixed transmission track, providing precise guidance and positioning for the movement of the moving frame 51. When the drive gear 522 rotates, it converts the rotational motion into linear motion of the moving frame 51 through meshing with the rack 523, thereby driving the moving frame 51 to move along the length of the frame 1.

[0084] Through the gear-rack transmission structure 523, the servo motor 521 can precisely control the moving position and speed of the moving frame 51, ensuring that the suction hood 2 and the dust collector 3 can move quickly and accurately to the welding point, thus solving the problem of low dust collection efficiency caused by inaccurate positioning in traditional dust removal systems.

[0085] In a preferred embodiment, the servo drive mechanism 5 further includes a guide component 61, which assists in the movement of the moving frame 51, improving the stability and straightness of the movement. Specifically, it includes:

[0086] The guide rail 61 is set on the top of the frame 1 and extends along the length of the frame 1; the guide rail 61 provides guidance for the movement of the movable frame 51, ensuring that the movable frame 51 maintains linear motion during movement and avoids deviation or shaking.

[0087] Rollers 62 are located at the bottom of the movable frame 51 and are rotatably mounted on the top of the guide rail 61. Rolling friction is generated between the rollers 62 and the guide rail 61, reducing frictional resistance during the movement of the movable frame 51 and making the movement smoother. Simultaneously, the cooperation between the rollers 62 and the guide rail 61 further improves the stability and straightness of the movable frame 51's movement, ensuring that the suction hood 2 and the dust collector 3 can move precisely to the target position.

[0088] The rack 523 is mounted on an inner side of a guide rail 61 and meshes with the drive gear 522. This layout integrates the transmission structure with the guide rail 61, making the entire servo drive mechanism 5 more compact, reducing space requirements, and facilitating installation and maintenance.

[0089] Once the vision inspection device 4 identifies the welding point and calculates its relative position to the suction hood 2, it outputs a control signal to the servo motor 521. The servo motor 521 starts according to the control signal, driving the drive gear 522 to rotate. The drive gear 522 meshes with the rack 523 fixed on the frame 1, converting the rotational motion into linear motion of the moving frame 51, causing the moving frame 51 to move along the length of the frame 1. Simultaneously, the rollers 62 at the bottom of the moving frame 51 roll on the top of the guide rail 61, helping the moving frame 51 maintain a stable linear trajectory. By precisely controlling the rotation of the servo motor 521, the moving frame 51 can accurately move the suction hood 2 and the dust collector 3 directly above the welding point, achieving efficient collection of welding fumes.

[0090] In a preferred embodiment, the movable frame 51 includes:

[0091] The frame body 511, as the main load-bearing structure of the movable frame 51, is slidably mounted on the frame 1 and directly connected to the moving drive device 52 of the servo drive mechanism 5. The frame body 511 moves along the length of the frame 1 through gear-rack transmission 523 and with the assistance of guide assembly 61, and is the moving basis of the entire movable frame 51.

[0092] The cantilever 512 is a support structure extending towards one side of the frame 1 (i.e., the welding operation area side). One end is fixed to the frame body 511, and the other end extends horizontally or obliquely towards the welding point. The end of the cantilever 512 is used to install the suction hood 2. Its length and angle are adaptively designed according to the size of the workpiece being welded, the height of the welding point, and its location, ensuring that the suction hood 2 can accurately cover the area where welding fumes are generated. The suction hood 2 is fixedly installed at the end of the cantilever 512, located above the welding operation area. Through the extended design of the cantilever 512, the suction hood 2 can be suspended directly above the welding point or at the optimal collection position, directly targeting the source of welding fumes. This layout shortens the distance between the suction hood 2 and the welding point, reduces the space for fume diffusion, and helps improve the initial fume collection efficiency.

[0093] The suspension bracket 513, a support structure extending towards the installation ground, is fixed to the other side of the bracket body 511 (the side opposite to the cantilever 512) and extends downwards to a position close to the installation ground. The top of the suspension bracket 513 is used to mount the dust collector 3. Through a reasonable structural design, the dust collector 3 is stably suspended below the movable bracket 51, maintaining a suitable relative position with the suction hood 2. The dust collector 3 is mounted on the suspension bracket 513, which extends downwards to a position close to the ground, placing the entire dust collector 3 below the movable bracket 51. This layout separates the dust collector 3 and the suction hood 2 vertically, avoiding spatial interference between them, while shortening the length of the return air duct 7 between the suction hood 2 and the dust collector 3, reducing duct resistance loss and fan energy consumption.

[0094] Since the suction hood 2 is installed at the end of the cantilever 512 and the dust collector 3 is installed on the suspension frame 513, the two move together with the moving frame 51, ensuring that the suction hood 2 is always aligned with the welding point, while the dust collector 3 can purify the smoke and dust captured by the suction hood 2 nearby.

[0095] In a preferred embodiment, the suction hood 2 includes:

[0096] The cover body 21 is a shell with an approximately hemispherical or conical opening, facing downwards directly towards the welding point. It is the core component for directly capturing welding fumes. The shape design of the cover body 21 can expand the fume capture range, and its opening direction ensures that it corresponds perpendicularly to the welding point, reducing the space for fume diffusion.

[0097] The air supply chamber 22, located inside the hood body 21, is connected to the air supply duct 8 of the dust collector 3. It receives a portion of the clean air output by the dust collector 3, typically purified and recirculated clean air. The main function of the air supply chamber 22 is to evenly distribute the received clean air to the air outlets 23 around the hood body 21. The clean air in the air supply chamber 22 originates from the recirculated return air purified by the dust collector 3. By delivering it to the nearest air outlet 23, airflow guidance 61 is achieved, reducing the system's need for high-flow-rate exhaust and lowering fan energy consumption. Simultaneously, the directional guidance of high-speed airflow avoids ineffective exhaust areas caused by smoke and dust diffusion in traditional hoods 61, optimizing airflow organization.

[0098] Air inlets 23 are located around the hood body 21 and connect to the air supply chamber 22. Air inlets 23 employ a cross-sectional contraction structure, such as a tapered duct or nozzle design, significantly increasing the velocity of clean air as it passes through, reaching 3-5 times the conventional wind speed. This high-speed airflow forms an inward directional airflow around the hood body 21, drawing air (including welding fumes) from the outer perimeter of the hood body 21 into the hood, enhancing the fumes entrainment capacity. The high-speed airflow from air inlets 23 actively guides air from the outer perimeter of the hood body 21 into the hood, synergizing with the negative pressure trapping effect of the openings in the hood body 21. This significantly expands the fume capture range, solving the problem of fume escape caused by traditional suction hoods 2 relying solely on internal negative pressure, and improving the initial fume capture efficiency.

[0099] The return air chamber 24, located at the bottom of the hood body 21 and connected to the return air duct 7, is used to collect welding fumes that enter the hood through the airflow guide 61. The return air chamber 24 is connected to the interior of the hood body 21 through a bottom opening or a baffle plate 61, so that the sucked-in fumes are collected and transported to the dust collector 3 for purification through the return air duct 7.

[0100] The damping plate 25, fixed to the bottom of the cover body 21 and located directly below the return air chamber 24, is a metal plate with a wavy surface. The main functions of the damping plate 25 are: 1. To block the high-temperature sparks generated during welding, preventing them from directly entering the return air system and causing a fire hazard; 2. To allow welding fumes to enter the return air chamber 24 evenly through multiple through-holes in the center of the plate (the hole diameter is designed according to the particle size of the fumes, usually 2-5mm), preventing large particles of fumes from directly depositing on the damping plate 25 and causing blockage.

[0101] This suction hood 2, through the integrated design of "high-speed airflow guidance 61, spark protection and airflow homogenization", improves the efficiency of welding fume collection while reducing system energy consumption and safety risks. It is suitable for the high-efficiency and safe dust removal needs in complex working conditions such as welding of engineering machinery.

[0102] In a preferred embodiment, the dust collector 3 adopts a design that combines high-efficiency filtration and airflow circulation. Through a combination of filter cartridge / plate filtration, return air duct 7 conveying, and clean air return, it achieves high-efficiency purification of welding fumes and optimization of system energy consumption.

[0103] Specifically, the filtration unit of the dust collector 3 uses a filter cartridge or filter plate as the core filtration medium and is installed inside the dust collector 3. The filter cartridge is usually a cylindrical pleated structure, and the filter plate is a flat folded structure. Both have the ability to efficiently intercept solid particles in welding fumes, and the filtration accuracy can cover the particle size range of 0.1-10μm, ensuring that welding fumes are effectively separated.

[0104] The return air duct 7 is connected at one end to the return air chamber 24 of the suction hood 2 and at the other end to the air inlet of the dust collector 3. It is used to transport the welding fumes captured by the suction hood 2 to the interior of the dust collector 3. The return air duct 7 is made of wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant materials to adapt to the high temperature and particle impact characteristics of the welding fumes.

[0105] The air supply duct 8 is connected at one end to the clean air outlet of the dust collector 3 and at the other end to the air supply chamber 22 of the suction hood 2. It is used to return a portion of the clean air purified by the dust collector 3 to the suction hood 2. The air supply duct 8 is also made of a high-temperature resistant and low-resistance material to ensure a stable delivery of clean air.

[0106] In a preferred embodiment, the rack 1 includes:

[0107] The column 11 includes at least two parallel vertical support columns, usually 2-4, which are adjusted according to the system load requirements, and serves as the vertical support foundation for the frame 1.

[0108] A crossbeam 12 is installed at the top of each column 11, extends horizontally, and is fixedly connected to the column 11.

[0109] The longitudinal beams 13 are spaced parallel to each other above the crossbeams 12. In this embodiment, there are two longitudinal beams, and the spacing is adjusted according to the width of the moving frame 51. They extend along the length of the frame 1 (i.e., the lateral movement direction of the welding operation area). The longitudinal beams 13 serve as the main load-bearing rails of the moving frame 51. The top of the longitudinal beams is used to install the guide rails 61, and the bottom is fixedly connected to the crossbeams 12 by bolts or welding to ensure the levelness and positional accuracy of the longitudinal beams 13.

[0110] Guide rail 61 is correspondingly installed on the top of longitudinal beam 13 along the length of longitudinal beam 13 and extends in the same direction as longitudinal beam 13, providing guidance for the movement of movable frame 51. Guide rail 61 is made of high-strength wear-resistant material and cooperates with rollers 62 (or sliders) at the bottom of movable frame 51 to ensure that movable frame 51 moves in a straight line along the length of frame 1, avoiding deviation or shaking.

[0111] In a preferred embodiment, limiters 9 are provided at both ends of the longitudinal beam 13 to precisely limit the movement range of the servo drive mechanism 5, ensuring that the moving frame 51 operates within a safe range and avoiding equipment damage or safety accidents caused by overtravel.

[0112] Specifically, limit switches 9 are fixedly installed at both ends of the longitudinal beam 13 and are directly associated with the movement path of the servo drive mechanism 5. Each limit switch 9 includes a mechanical triggering component (such as a stop or limit switch contact) and an electrical control module (such as a proximity switch or mechanical limit switch), which detects the position of the moving frame 51 through mechanical or non-contact sensing. When the moving frame 51 moves to the limit position or the zero position at one end of the longitudinal beam 13, the triggering component of the limit switch 9 contacts or senses the corresponding sensing component on the moving frame 51, triggering an electrical signal.

[0113] It should be noted that, to prevent the risk of tipping over due to external impact or uneven track 61, this system adds an anti-tipping hook structure to the movable frame 51. Specifically, the hooks are fixedly installed on both sides of the movable frame 51 and work in conjunction with the pre-set anti-tipping guide rails 61 on the frame 1. When the movable frame 51 moves along the main guide rail 61 on the longitudinal beam 13, the hooks simultaneously slide and engage in the limiting groove of the anti-tipping guide rail 61, limiting the amount of offset of the movable frame 51 in the direction perpendicular to the movement direction through mechanical limiting action.

[0114] Example 2

[0115] This invention provides a rapid dust removal method for welding engineering machinery, employing a rapid dust removal system for welding engineering machinery as described in Example 1. This method is based on a synergistic technical approach of visual positioning, dynamic tracking, precise dust removal, and energy-saving control, specifically addressing the technical problems of low positioning accuracy, insufficient dust collection efficiency, high system energy consumption, and lack of intelligent sleep function in existing dust removal systems for welding engineering machinery. Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0116] Step 1: Welding point identification and location calculation:

[0117] After the welding operation starts, the vision inspection device 4 continuously monitors the welding area in real time. The camera 41 collects image information of the welding area, including features such as welding arc light and dense smoke. The vision computing unit identifies the specific location of the current welding point through its built-in image processing algorithm and simultaneously acquires the current position data of the suction hood 2. Based on the two sets of position information, the vision computing unit calculates the relative positional relationship between the welding point and the suction hood 2, and finally outputs a control signal containing the target movement direction and displacement.

[0118] Through real-time visual detection and precise calculation, accurate target position information is provided for the subsequent dynamic tracking of the air intake hood 2, which solves the problem of smoke and dust collection position deviation caused by the inability to obtain the welding point position in real time in traditional methods.

[0119] Step 2: Move the suction hood 2 precisely above the welding point.

[0120] After receiving the control signal output by the vision computing unit, the mobile drive unit 52 drives the mobile frame 51 (carrying the suction hood 2 and the dust collector 3) to move along the guide rail 61 on the frame 1. Specifically, the servo motor 521, based on the relative position information in the control signal, precisely adjusts the position of the mobile frame 51 in the length direction (welding point distribution direction) of the frame 1 through the meshing transmission of the drive gear 522 and the rack 523, so that the suction hood 2 gradually moves to directly above the welding point.

[0121] By combining visual positioning and servo drive, the suction hood 2 can dynamically and accurately track the welding fume source, ensuring that the suction hood 2 is always aligned with the fume generation location. This solves the problem of fume escape caused by inaccurate positioning of traditional fixed or manually adjusted suction hood 2, and improves the initial fume collection efficiency.

[0122] Step 3: Capture and purification of welding fumes:

[0123] Once the suction hood 2 moves directly above the welding point, it captures and collects the fumes generated during welding through the negative pressure environment created inside (powered by the suction provided by the dust collector 3). The captured fumes are then transported to the dust collector 3 via the return air duct 7. The dust collector 3 uses high-efficiency filter media such as filter cartridges or filter plates to remove solid particles and harmful substances from the fumes through physical interception, ensuring that the purified air meets environmental emission standards.

[0124] By capturing smoke and dust at close range and transporting it over short distances, the risk of smoke and dust diffusion and deposition during transport is reduced. At the same time, the close proximity of the dust collector 3 reduces pipeline resistance loss, solving the problem of ineffective air volume loss and high energy consumption caused by long-distance transport in traditional centralized dust removal systems.

[0125] Step 4: Clean air recirculation and airflow optimization:

[0126] After completing the purification of smoke and dust, the dust collector 3 returns a portion of the purified clean air to the suction hood 2 through the air supply duct 8. The air supply chamber 22 evenly distributes the clean air to the air outlets 23 around the suction hood 2. The cross-sectional contraction structure increases the airflow velocity, forming a high-speed airflow that converges into the hood, drawing air from the outside of the suction hood 2 into the hood and enhancing the suction capacity for smoke and dust.

[0127] By recycling clean air, the airflow organization inside the suction hood 2 is optimized, further stabilizing the dust collection effect. At the same time, the system's dependence on external fresh air is reduced, the overall energy consumption is lowered, and the problem of dust residue caused by the limited collection range of traditional non-airflow-assisted suction hood 2 is solved.

[0128] As a preferred embodiment, the rapid dust removal method further includes intelligent sleep control logic. When the visual inspection device 4 determines through continuous monitoring that the welding operation is in a long-term no-welding state (e.g., no welding arc light or smoke features are detected for 30 seconds to 1 minute), the visual computing unit outputs an energy-saving control signal to control the servo drive mechanism 5 to move the suction hood 2 and the dust collector 3 to the zero position at both ends of the frame 1, and turn off the power of the dust collector 3, or reduce its operating power to the lowest standby state.

[0129] By automatically identifying non-welding periods and switching to a low-power state, the dust removal system avoids ineffective operation during idle periods, reduces the overall energy consumption of the system, and facilitates operation by avoiding equipment interference when loading and unloading workpieces, thus improving operational convenience and equipment safety.

[0130] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid dust removal system for welding of construction machines, characterized in that, include: frame, An air suction hood, movably mounted on the frame, is used to capture welding fumes; A dust collector, mounted on the frame along with the suction hood, is used to purify welding fumes. A visual inspection device includes a camera and a visual computing unit communicatively connected to the camera. The camera is mounted on the suction hood and is used to identify welding points in real time. The visual computing unit is used to calculate the relative position of the welding points and the suction hood and output control signals. A servo drive mechanism is used to drive the dust collector and the suction hood to move along the frame, and the servo drive mechanism is communicatively connected to the vision inspection device, and drives the suction hood to move directly above the welding point according to the control signal.

2. A rapid dust removal system for welding of a working machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The servo drive mechanism includes: A movable frame is slidably mounted on the frame, and the air intake hood and the dust collector are mounted on the movable frame; The mobile drive device includes a servo motor vertically mounted on the mobile frame, a drive gear mounted on the power output shaft of the servo motor, and a rack mounted on the frame, the rack being arranged along the length direction of the frame; The drive gear meshes with the rack to drive the movable frame to move on the frame.

3. A rapid dust removal system for welding of a working machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The servo drive mechanism further includes a guide assembly, which includes a guide rail disposed on the top of the frame and a roller disposed on the bottom of the movable frame. The roller is rotatably disposed on the top of the guide rail. The rack is disposed on one inner side of the guide rail.

4. A quick dust removal system for welding of a working machine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The mobile frame includes a frame body, a cantilever extending toward one side of the frame, and a suspension frame disposed on the other side of the frame and extending toward the mounting ground; the suction hood is disposed at the end of the cantilever, and the dust collector is disposed on the suspension frame.

5. A rapid dust removal system for welding of a working machine according to any one of claims 1 - 3, characterized in that, The intake hood includes: The cover body is a cover shell with an approximately hemispherical or conical opening, with the opening facing downwards and directly opposite the welding point; The air supply chamber is used to receive a portion of the clean air output by the dust collector and purifier, and to distribute the clean air evenly around the hood body. An air outlet is provided around the hood body. The air outlet has a cross-sectional shrinkage structure to increase the flow rate of clean air and to draw air from the outside of the hood body into the hood. The return air chamber, located at the bottom of the hood body, is used to collect welding fumes that are guided into the hood by airflow and to transport the fumes to the dust collector through the return air duct. A damping plate is disposed at the bottom of the cover body and directly below the return air chamber, for blocking welding sparks from splashing and allowing welding fumes to enter the return air chamber evenly.

6. A rapid dust removal system for welding of a working machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The dust collector uses filter cartridges or filter plates for filtration and separation; the dust collector is connected to the return air duct, which is used to transport the smoke and dust to the dust collector for purification. The dust collector is also connected to an air supply duct, which is used to return a portion of the purified clean air to the air intake hood through the air supply duct.

7. A rapid dust removal system for welding of construction machines according to claim 3, characterized in that, The frame includes at least two parallel columns spaced apart, a crossbeam correspondingly arranged on the columns, and two parallel longitudinal beams spaced apart above the crossbeams; The guide rail is arranged on the top of the longitudinal beam in correspondence with the longitudinal beam length direction.

8. A rapid dust removal system for welding of a working machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The longitudinal beam is provided with a limiter at each end, which is used to control the servo driving mechanism to stop moving when the servo driving mechanism moves to the extreme position or zero position.

9. A method for rapid dust removal in welding of construction machines, using a system for rapid dust removal in welding of construction machines as claimed in any one of claims 1 - 8, characterized in that The steps include: Real-time identification of the welding point position by a visual detection device, and calculation of the relative position between the welding point position and the suction hood; According to the relative position, the suction hood is moved to the position directly above the welding point position by moving the moving frame through the moving driving device; Welding fume is captured by the suction hood, and the fume is sent to a dust removal purifier through a return air duct for purification; Part of the clean air purified by the dust removal purifier is returned to the suction hood through an air supply duct.

10. A method for rapid dust removal in welding of a construction machine according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the visual detection device detects no welding for a long time, the servo driving mechanism is controlled to move the suction hood and the dust removal purifier to the zero position at both ends, and the dust removal purifier is turned off to reduce energy consumption.

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