Community and pension institution-oriented individualized medication guidance system for old people

Abstract

The invention discloses a community and pension institution-oriented individualized medication guidance system for old people, and the system comprises a data collection module which is used for obtaining basic information, vital signs, clinical examination and medication data of the old people; the elderly clinical reasonable medication knowledge base module is used for analyzing the use signs, medication routes and doses of the elderly medicines, and formulating medication rules of various diseases in combination with clinical examination information; the medication evaluation module is used for generating an individualized medication evaluation result and executing interception or prompt operation; and the real-time interaction module is used for generating an individualized medication report based on the real-time medication condition, vital signs and laboratory examination data, and the doctor terminal / customer service terminal dynamically performs medication guidance in real time. According to the individualized medication guidance system for the old people for the communities and the pension institutions, real-time monitoring and adjustment of multiple medication of the old people are achieved, and medical risks and social consumption caused by multiple medication, unreasonable medication, poor medication compliance and the like of the old people are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of medication guidance for the elderly, in particular to an individualized medication guidance system for the elderly in communities and nursing homes. BACKGROUND

[0002] The elderly often suffer from multiple diseases and need to take multiple drugs. Due to the special pathophysiological state of the elderly patients, and the great differences in pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and adverse reactions of the elderly, the medication has greater risks.

[0003] With the increase of age, the functions of various systems, tissues and organs of the human body gradually decline, leading to reduced body activity, reduced biological efficiency, weakened environmental adaptability and decreased organ stress capacity, and further causing reduced drug absorption, low plasma protein binding, slow drug metabolism and reduced excretion. At the same time, the potential inappropriate medication (PIM) caused by multiple drug use is more prominent, causing adverse drug reactions, leading to the occurrence of adverse drug events, and increasing the mortality rate, medical expenses and hospitalization rate.

[0004] At present, the software for the medication of the elderly has obvious limitations: most of them are concentrated in medical institutions, are connected with His systems, and cannot be widely applied to the general elderly population; most of them do not combine the specific conditions of the elderly, such as blood pressure, heart rate, liver function, kidney function, blood lipids, blood routine, coagulation, biochemistry and other indicators; the condition of the elderly is dynamically changing, and the medication also needs to be adjusted according to the development of the condition, but part of the rational drug use software can only provide static drug use suggestions, and cannot dynamically evaluate and adjust the drug use scheme according to the real-time condition data, test results and the like of the elderly, and it is difficult to meet the actual needs.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to develop an individualized medication guidance system for the elderly in communities and nursing homes. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide an individualized medication guidance system for the elderly in communities and nursing homes, to realize real-time monitoring and medication adjustment of multiple drug use of the elderly, and to solve the medical risks and social consumption caused by multiple drug use, irrational drug use and poor drug compliance of the elderly.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides an individualized medication guidance system for the elderly in communities and nursing homes, which comprises the following contents: A data acquisition module is used to acquire the basic information, vital signs, clinical tests and medication data of the elderly. The knowledge base module for rational drug use in elderly clinical practice analyzes the vital signs and medication data of the elderly obtained by the data acquisition module through clinical diagnosis, terminology labeling and coding hierarchy. At the same time, it combines the obtained clinical test and examination information to formulate medication rules for various diseases. The medication assessment module matches the collected data of the elderly with the rules of the knowledge base to generate individualized medication assessment results, and the system will take action to intercept or prompt. The real-time interaction module generates personalized medication reports based on real-time medication status, vital signs, and laboratory test data, enabling doctors / customer service to provide real-time, dynamic medication guidance to the elderly.

[0008] Preferably, the data acquisition module is used to obtain basic information, vital signs, clinical test results, and medication data of the elderly, the specific contents of which are as follows: Basic information: The elderly person's actual age; Vital signs: blood pressure, heart rate; Clinical laboratory tests: transaminase levels, glomerular filtration rate, complete blood count, coagulation parameters, and blood lipid levels; Medication data: route of administration and dosage.

[0009] Preferably, the knowledge base for rational drug use in elderly clinical practice includes drug coding rules, a dataset of structured drug information elements, and rational drug use logic rules.

[0010] Preferably, the drug coding rules adopt a detailed hierarchical code structure, with five categories of detailed rules for hierarchical coding. After coding, each test item consists of 12 symbols. If a certain item does not need to be coded, it is replaced by the corresponding number of 0s.

[0011] The preferred five coding rules are detailed below: The first layer is the category code, represented by a single Arabic numeral, which is divided into four categories: 1 represents chemical drugs, 2 represents biological drugs, 3 represents traditional Chinese medicine, and 9 represents other drugs. The second layer is the pharmacology / efficacy classification code, represented by four Arabic numerals. The first two digits are the major category code, with a total of 55 major categories, and the last two digits are the minor category code, with a total of 307 minor categories. The third layer contains serial numbers for each variety under the same pharmacology / efficacy, represented by a mix of three Arabic numerals and letters. The fourth layer consists of serial numbers for each specification within the same product category, represented by a combination of three Arabic numerals and letters. These numbers are categorized according to the route of administration and the nature of the substance / dispersion system, comprising 30 major categories and 166 subcategories. The fifth layer contains serial numbers for each manufacturer and packaging combination under the same product specification, represented by a mix of two Arabic numerals and letters. Each set of coding rules includes an appropriate number of empty codes to accommodate the addition or adjustment of categories.

[0012] Preferably, the structured information element dataset for pharmaceuticals includes two main parts: basic pharmaceutical information and rational drug use information, the specific contents of which are as follows: Basic drug information is structured by processing the fields related to the basic attributes of the drug through the drug instructions. It includes four dimensions: drug name, pharmacological characteristics, classification attributes, and product characteristics, with 56 structured data fields. Rational drug use information involves extracting and structuring the characteristic attributes of drugs used in clinical practice, including four dimensions: drug use characteristics, disease name, laboratory characteristics, and combined drug use characteristics, with 16 structured data fields. By structuring drug-related information and constructing a drug database, raw parameters are provided for establishing rational drug use logic rules.

[0013] The preferred rational drug use logic rules are as follows: (1) Logical rules related to drug usage methods; (2) Logic rules related to indications and contraindications: Associate the drug name with the disease name and the laboratory test items and their numerical ranges as two sets of original parameters to establish the logical relationship of applicable, cautious use and prohibited use; By entering the laboratory characteristics of each drug into the drug database, when the elderly have both laboratory data and medical order data, the drug contraindication judgment logic related to the laboratory characteristics is triggered, and the system will intercept or prompt. (3) Combination drug use related logic rules: By entering the interaction relationship between drugs into the drug database, when the elderly's medical order contains related drugs, the combination drug use judgment logic is triggered, and the system intercepts or prompts the contraindicated drug combination; (4) Personalized medication related logic rules: By entering the route of administration, maximum single dose, maximum frequency of administration, daily maximum dose, and vital signs related conditions into the drug database, the system will provide a prompt when the data reported by the elderly shows unconventional medication.

[0014] Therefore, the present invention employs the above-mentioned personalized medication guidance system for the elderly in communities and elderly care institutions, which has the following beneficial effects: (1) Highly operable and applicable to a wide range of groups: This invention is mainly aimed at the large elderly population outside the hospital. It is easy to operate on a mobile phone and can also be easily implemented by family members.

[0015] (2) Individualized medication guidance: This invention combines the actual age, blood pressure, heart rate, transaminase level, glomerular filtration rate, blood routine value, coagulation index, blood lipid and other specific indicators of the elderly to provide individualized medication guidance.

[0016] (3) Real-time interaction and dynamic medication guidance: This invention adopts multi-party participation (elderly people, doctors, pharmacists) and real-time interaction to realize real-time monitoring and medication adjustment of multiple medications in the elderly, and solve the medical risks and social consumption caused by multiple medications, irrational medication use and poor medication adherence in the elderly.

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a personalized medication guidance system for the elderly, geared towards communities and nursing homes; Figure 2 This is a diagram of the drug database relationship in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the related laboratory test results in the indications and contraindications logic of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of drug interactions in the combined drug use logic rules of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the personalized medication rules associated with drugs in the personalized medication related logic rules of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of the drug administration parameters associated with the drugs; (b) is a schematic diagram of the heart rate interception condition; and (c) is a schematic diagram of the systolic blood pressure interception condition. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rational drug use assistant entry point in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the rational drug use module in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the basic information of the elderly medication assessment page in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the personalized intelligent medication analysis report in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the online medication consultation function module in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of the consultation entry point; and (b) is the online customer service function operation interface. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a doctor / pharmacist accessing and responding to questions from elderly people in real time in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, wherein (a) is the entry point for the user to be accessed; (b) is the consultation access point; and (c) is the consultation response interface. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the assessment record module in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, wherein (a) is the assessment record entry interface; and (b) is the medication assessment record list interface. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a personalized medication guidance system for the elderly in communities and elderly care institutions, comprising: The data acquisition module is used to obtain basic information, vital signs, clinical test results, and medication data of the elderly. Specific details are as follows: Basic information: The elderly person's actual age; Vital signs: blood pressure, heart rate; Clinical laboratory tests: transaminase levels, glomerular filtration rate, complete blood count, coagulation parameters, and blood lipid levels; Medication data: route of administration and dosage.

[0021] The knowledge base module for rational drug use in geriatric clinical practice includes drug coding rules, a dataset of structured drug information elements, and logical rules for rational drug use. It analyzes the signs of drug use, routes of administration, and dosages in the elderly through clinical diagnosis, terminology labeling, and coding hierarchy analysis, while also incorporating clinical laboratory and examination information to formulate medication rules for various diseases.

[0022] 1. The drug coding rules adopt a detailed hierarchical code structure, mainly coded according to five categories of detailed rules, as follows: The first layer is the category code, represented by a single Arabic numeral, which is divided into four categories: 1 represents chemical drugs, 2 represents biological drugs, 3 represents traditional Chinese medicine, and 9 represents other drugs.

[0023] The second layer is the pharmacology / efficacy classification code, represented by four Arabic numerals. The first two digits are the major category code, with a total of 55 major categories, and the last two digits are the minor category code, with a total of 307 minor categories.

[0024] The third layer contains serial numbers for each variety under the same pharmacology / efficacy, represented by a mix of three Arabic numerals and letters.

[0025] The fourth layer consists of serial numbers for each specification within the same product category, represented by a combination of three Arabic numerals and letters. These numbers are categorized according to the route of administration and the nature of the substance form / dispersion system, comprising 30 major categories and 166 subcategories.

[0026] The fifth layer contains serial numbers for each manufacturer and packaging combination under the same product specification, represented by a mix of two Arabic numerals and letters.

[0027] Each set of coding rules includes an appropriate number of empty codes to accommodate the addition or adjustment of categories, as shown in Table 1.

[0028] Table 1. List of Drug Coding Results

[0029] 2. The structured information element dataset for pharmaceuticals includes two main parts: basic pharmaceutical information and rational drug use information.

[0030] 2.1 Basic information about the drug.

[0031] Based on the descriptions of drugs and their usage guidelines and instructions in the original text of the "Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China", relevant drug instructions, and clinical diagnosis and treatment guidelines of various specialties, the fields involved in the basic attributes of drugs are structured, mainly including four dimensions: drug name, pharmacological characteristics, classification attributes, and commodity characteristics, with 56 structured data fields, as shown in Table 2.

[0032] Table 2 Basic Information of Drugs

[0033] 2.2 Information on rational drug use.

[0034] By analyzing the descriptions of drugs and their usage guidelines and instructions in the original text of the "Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China", relevant drug instructions, and clinical diagnosis and treatment guidelines of various specialties, the characteristic attributes involved in the clinical use of drugs are extracted and structured. These mainly include four dimensions: drug usage characteristics, disease name, laboratory characteristics, and combined drug use characteristics, with 16 structured data fields, as shown in Table 3.

[0035] Table 3. Information on Rational Drug Use

[0036] Structured processing of drug-related information and construction of a drug database provide raw parameters for establishing rational drug use rules, such as... Figure 2 As shown.

[0037] 3. Rational drug use logic rules.

[0038] By extracting the medical logic involved in the clinical use of drugs from the original texts of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China, relevant drug instructions, and clinical practice guidelines of various specialties, and constructing computer language for this purpose.

[0039] The assessment of the rationality of drug use mainly involves the following logical categories: ① Whether the method of drug use is rational; ② Whether there are any abnormalities in indications or contraindications, including disease diagnosis and laboratory test results; ③ Whether there are any abnormalities in combined drug use. Specific logical rules are established as follows: (1) Logical rules related to drug usage methods.

[0040] (2) Logical rules related to indications and contraindications: Associate the drug name with the disease name and the laboratory test items and their numerical ranges as two sets of original parameters, and establish a logical relationship of applicable, cautious, and prohibited use between the drug name and the latter two; By inputting the laboratory characteristics of each drug into the drug database, such as atorvastatin, whose laboratory characteristic is "contraindicated in patients with aspartate transferase levels higher than 120 U / L," and integrating the drug knowledge base with the elderly data platform to form a rational drug use intelligent management platform, when an elderly person simultaneously has "laboratory data: aspartate transferase > 120 U / L" and "medical order data: atorvastatin," the system triggers the drug contraindication judgment logic related to the laboratory characteristics, and will intercept or prompt the user. Figure 3 As shown.

[0041] (3) Logic rules related to combined drug use: By entering the interaction relationships between drugs into the drug database, such as the prohibition of combined use of danazol and cyclosporine, when an elderly person has both "medical order data: danazol" and "medical order data: cyclosporine" in their prescriptions, the combined drug use judgment logic is triggered, and the system will intercept or prompt, such as... Figure 4 As shown.

[0042] (4) Personalized medication-related logic rules: By entering the route of administration, maximum single dose, maximum frequency of administration, daily maximum dose, and vital signs (heart rate, systolic blood pressure) into the drug database, the system will provide a prompt when elderly patients report data showing unconventional medication use, such as... Figure 5 (a) Figure 5 (b) Figure 5 As shown in (c).

[0043] Medication assessment module: Matches collected personal data with knowledge base rules to generate personalized medication assessment results, and the system takes action to intercept or prompt.

[0044] Real-time interaction module: Based on real-time updates of medication status, vital signs, and laboratory test data, the system provides personalized medication reports, allowing doctors / customer service representatives to provide real-time and dynamic medication guidance.

[0045] Example 2 Based on the above system, this embodiment provides a mini-program for personalized medication guidance for the elderly in communities and elderly care institutions. The specific operation process is as follows: S1. Access the personalized medication guidance system for the elderly in communities and nursing homes by scanning a QR code or searching on WeChat; add the elderly medication assessment function to your desktop by scanning the exclusive QR code in your browser for easy access to the system.

[0046] S2. Access the rational drug use section for elderly patients through the rational drug use assistant entry point. Click on the carousel to enlarge and view relevant medication guidance information, such as... Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown.

[0047] S3. Through medication analysis, enter the elderly medication assessment page. If multiple users are being assessed at the same time, user identification can be performed by entering the user's ID number or taking a photo to identify the front of the ID card.

[0048] like Figure 8 As shown, users need to input user information, specifically: medical institution and family doctor, used to distinguish the source of the elderly; consultation time, used to determine the change in the elderly's condition; diagnosis and medication data; blood lipids, blood routine, etc.

[0049] After entering the information, submit it to proceed to the evaluation page.

[0050] S4. Based on the information submitted above, the knowledge base for rational drug use in geriatric clinical practice is invoked to automatically match the medication logic and generate an individualized medication assessment report, such as... Figure 9 As shown.

[0051] S5. Real-time interaction with multiple parties and dynamic medication guidance, specifically: For seniors: View the assessment report, access online customer service via customer service message, and ask questions, such as... Figure 10 (a) Figure 10 As shown in (b).

[0052] Doctors / pharmacists receive inquiries via the WeChat customer service assistant mini-program, click on the user to join the conversation, and receive real-time responses to questions and adjustments to medication plans; each patient inquiry is handled by only one doctor / pharmacist to avoid duplicate responses, such as... Figure 11 (a) Figure 11 (b) Figure 11 As shown in (c).

[0053] S6. Historical medication guidance information can be queried through the assessment record function, facilitating the tracing of medication adjustment processes, such as... Figure 12 (a) Figure 12 As shown in (b).

[0054] Therefore, the present invention employs the above-mentioned personalized medication guidance system for the elderly in communities and elderly care institutions, which has the following beneficial effects: (1) Highly operable and applicable to a wide range of groups: This invention is mainly aimed at the large elderly population outside the hospital. It is easy to operate on a mobile phone and can also be easily implemented by family members.

[0055] (2) Individualized medication guidance: This invention combines the actual age, blood pressure, heart rate, transaminase level, glomerular filtration rate, blood routine value, coagulation index, blood lipid and other specific indicators of the elderly to provide individualized medication guidance.

[0056] (3) Real-time interaction and dynamic medication guidance: This invention adopts multi-party participation (elderly people, doctors, pharmacists) and real-time interaction to realize real-time monitoring and medication adjustment of multiple medications in the elderly, and solve the medical risks and social consumption caused by multiple medications, irrational medication use and poor medication adherence in the elderly.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A personalized medication guidance system for the elderly in communities and elderly care institutions, characterized in that, This includes a data acquisition module, used to obtain basic information, vital signs, clinical test results, and medication data of the elderly. The knowledge base module for rational drug use in elderly clinical practice analyzes the vital signs and medication data of the elderly obtained by the data acquisition module through clinical diagnosis, terminology labeling and coding hierarchy. At the same time, it combines the obtained clinical test and examination information to formulate medication rules for various diseases. The medication assessment module matches the collected data of the elderly with the rules of the knowledge base to generate individualized medication assessment results, and the system will take action to intercept or prompt. The real-time interaction module generates personalized medication reports based on real-time medication status, vital signs, and laboratory test data, enabling doctors / customer service to provide real-time, dynamic medication guidance to the elderly.

2. The personalized medication guidance system for the elderly in communities and elderly care institutions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition module is used to obtain basic information, vital signs, clinical test results, and medication data of the elderly. Specific details are as follows: Basic information: The elderly person's actual age; Vital signs: blood pressure, heart rate; Clinical laboratory tests: transaminase levels, glomerular filtration rate, complete blood count, coagulation parameters, and blood lipid levels; Medication data: route of administration and dosage.

3. A personalized medication guidance system for the elderly in communities and elderly care institutions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The knowledge base on rational drug use in geriatric clinical practice includes: Drug coding rules, drug structured information element dataset, and rational drug use logic rules.

4. A personalized medication guidance system for the elderly in communities and elderly care institutions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drug coding rules adopt a detailed hierarchical code structure, with five categories of detailed rules for hierarchical coding. After coding, each test item consists of 12 symbols. If a certain item does not need to be coded, it is replaced by the corresponding number of 0s.

5. A personalized medication guidance system for the elderly in communities and elderly care institutions according to claim 4, characterized in that, The detailed rules for the five categories of coding are as follows: The first layer is the category code, represented by a single Arabic numeral, which is divided into four categories: 1 represents chemical drugs, 2 represents biological drugs, 3 represents traditional Chinese medicine, and 9 represents other drugs. The second layer is the pharmacology / efficacy classification code, represented by four Arabic numerals. The first two digits are the major category code, with a total of 55 major categories, and the last two digits are the minor category code, with a total of 307 minor categories. The third layer contains serial numbers for each variety under the same pharmacology / efficacy, represented by a mix of three Arabic numerals and letters. The fourth layer consists of serial numbers for each specification within the same product category, represented by a combination of three Arabic numerals and letters. These numbers are categorized according to the route of administration and the nature of the substance / dispersion system, comprising 30 major categories and 166 subcategories. The fifth layer contains serial numbers for each manufacturer and packaging combination under the same product specification, represented by a mix of two Arabic numerals and letters. Each set of coding rules includes blank codes in case of the need to add or adjust categories.

6. A personalized medication guidance system for the elderly in communities and elderly care institutions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The structured information element dataset for pharmaceuticals includes two main parts: basic pharmaceutical information and rational drug use information. The specific contents are as follows: Basic drug information is structured by processing the fields related to the basic attributes of the drug through the drug instructions. It includes four dimensions: drug name, pharmacological characteristics, classification attributes, and product characteristics, with 56 structured data fields. Rational drug use information involves extracting and structuring the characteristic attributes of drugs used in clinical practice, including four dimensions: drug use characteristics, disease name, laboratory characteristics, and combined drug use characteristics, with 16 structured data fields.

7. A personalized medication guidance system for the elderly in communities and elderly care institutions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The logic rules for rational drug use are as follows: (1) Logical rules related to drug usage methods; (2) Logic rules related to indications and contraindications: Associate the drug name with the disease name and the laboratory test items and their numerical ranges as two sets of original parameters to establish the logical relationship of applicable, cautious use and prohibited use; By entering the laboratory characteristics of each drug into the drug database, when the elderly have both laboratory data and medical order data, the drug contraindication judgment logic related to the laboratory characteristics is triggered, and the system will intercept or prompt. (3) Combination drug use related logic rules: By entering the interaction relationship between drugs into the drug database, when the elderly's medical order contains related drugs, the combination drug use judgment logic is triggered, and the system intercepts or prompts the contraindicated drug combination; (4) Personalized medication related logic rules: By entering the route of administration, maximum single dose, maximum frequency of administration, daily maximum dose, and vital signs related conditions into the drug database, the system will provide a prompt when the data reported by the elderly shows unconventional medication.

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