Rule-based port electromagnetic field calculation method, computer device and storage medium

Abstract

The application provides a rule port-based electromagnetic field calculation method, a computer device and a storage medium, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring port geometric parameters, port impedance and input power; calling an electric field analytical expression of the port in a transverse electromagnetic wave mode according to the geometric parameters, the port impedance and the input power, and generating an electric field distribution function of a port area; projecting the electric field distribution function on an edge element vector base function of the port, and constructing a linear equation group about edge element expansion coefficients; solving the linear equation group, and obtaining the edge element expansion coefficients; constructing an excitation vector of a superfinite element equation according to the edge element expansion coefficients; embedding the excitation vector into the superfinite element equation, and solving a three-dimensional calculation area electromagnetic field. According to the scheme, the analytic expression of the electric field distribution of the transverse electromagnetic wave mode of the rule port is used to construct a port control equation, a complex generalized eigenvalue problem in a traditional method is converted into a solving problem of a linear equation group, and therefore the solving speed and the calculation accuracy are significantly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electronic design automation, and in particular to a rule port-based electromagnetic field calculation method, a computer device and a storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of electronic design automation (EDA), the transfinite element method is a core numerical technique for solving electromagnetic field problems involving ports, and its calculation accuracy depends largely on the accurate construction of the excitation vector. In the process of constructing the excitation vector, the accurate acquisition of the port edge element expansion coefficient is a key link. In the traditional technical solution, such expansion coefficients are usually obtained by solving electromagnetic field equations on a two-dimensional discrete grid on the port surface. This process essentially corresponds to the solution of a generalized eigenvalue problem. Although the full-wave numerical method can theoretically handle ports of any topological shape, it has significant limitations: on the one hand, the solution process has high computational complexity and slow convergence speed; on the other hand, after the solution is completed, an additional mode screening operation is required to extract the target transverse electromagnetic wave mode (TEM mode) from the multiple-order eigenmodes. Especially in high-frequency sweep analysis scenarios, this repeated iterative calculation mode significantly increases the computational burden, restricting the efficiency of engineering design. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a rule port-based electromagnetic field calculation method, a computer device and a storage medium. For regular ports with clear geometric characteristics such as rectangles and coaxial ports, the TEM mode electric field distribution analytical expression is used to construct the port control equation, converting the complex generalized eigenvalue problem in the traditional method into a linear equation system solving problem, which can significantly improve the solving speed and calculation accuracy, providing reliable technical support for efficient solution of electromagnetic field problems in EDA software.

[0004] The technical solution provided by the present application is as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a rule port-based electromagnetic field calculation method, comprising the steps of:

[0006] Obtaining the geometric parameters, port impedance and input power of the port;

[0007] According to the geometric parameters, port impedance and input power, calling the corresponding electric field analytical expression of the port in the transverse electromagnetic wave mode to generate the electric field distribution function of the port region;

[0008] Projecting the electric field distribution function onto the edge element vector basis function of the port to construct a linear equation system about the edge element expansion coefficient;

[0009] Solving the linear equation system to obtain the edge element expansion coefficient corresponding to the port;

[0010] constructing an excitation vector of the super-element equation according to the edge element expansion coefficient;

[0011] embedding the excitation vector into the super-element equation to solve the electromagnetic field of the three-dimensional calculation region.

[0012] In some embodiments, the port is a rectangular port, and the geometric parameters of the port include width and height of the port.

[0013] The electric field distribution function of the port region of the port is:

[0014] ,

[0015] wherein, is input power, is port impedance, is electric field direction, is port height.

[0016] In some embodiments, the port is a coaxial port, and the geometric parameters of the port include inner radius and outer radius of the port.

[0017] The electric field distribution function of the port region of the port is:

[0018] ,

[0019] wherein, is input power, is port impedance, is inner radius, is outer radius, is the distance from any point on the port to the center of the port, is radial unit vector.

[0020] In some embodiments, the constructing the linear equation system about the edge element expansion coefficient includes:

[0021] obtaining the electric field distribution function of any point on the port surface according to the analytical expression of the electric field of the port in the transverse electromagnetic wave mode;

[0022] constructing the vector basis function of the triangular grid element of the port surface according to the grid model of the port;

[0023] projecting and corresponding the electric field distribution function and the edge element vector basis function of the port to obtain the linear equation system about the edge element expansion coefficient.

[0024] In some embodiments, the projection expression of the electric field distribution function and the edge element vector basis function of the port is:

[0025] ,

[0026] wherein, denotes the analytical expression of the electric field of the port in the transverse electromagnetic mode; is the j-th vector basis function of the triangular mesh element; is the j-th vector basis function of the triangular mesh element; is the expansion coefficient of the j-th vector basis function.

[0027] In some embodiments, multiplying both sides of the projection expression by the basis function and integrating over the triangular mesh element, we have:

[0028] ,

[0029] wherein, is the j-th vector basis function of the triangular mesh element; is the j-th vector basis function of the triangular mesh element; is the expansion coefficient of the j-th vector basis function. The linear equation system can be expressed as:

[0030] wherein,

[0031] ,

[0032] ,

[0033] .

[0034] In some embodiments, the solving the linear equation system comprises:

[0035] calling a linear algebra function library to solve the linear equation system to obtain the edge element expansion coefficient corresponding to the port .

[0036] In some embodiments, the method further comprises, before the obtaining the geometric parameters of the port:

[0037] determining whether the port is a regular port, and when the port is determined to be an irregular port, solving an electromagnetic field equation on a two-dimensional discrete mesh on the port surface to obtain the excitation vector of the superfinite element equation.

[0038] In a second aspect, the present application provides a computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the regular port-based electromagnetic field calculation method of the first aspect.

[0039] ​​In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer storage medium, which stores a computer program or instructions, and the computer program or instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the rule-based port electromagnetic field calculation method of the first aspect.

[0040] The rule-based port electromagnetic field calculation method, the computer device and the storage medium provided by the present application have at least the following technical effects:

[0041] 1) The solving speed is greatly improved: for a regular port with clear geometric characteristics such as a rectangle or a coaxial port, the analytical expression of the TEM mode electric field distribution is used to construct a port control equation, the complex generalized eigenvalue problem in the traditional method is converted into a solving problem of a linear equation set, the redundant iterative calculation is avoided, and the solving speed and the calculation accuracy can be significantly improved;

[0042] 2) The mode selection step is saved: the analytical expression of the port TEM mode electric field is directly used, and the target mode does not need to be selected from multiple eigenmodes, so that the mode selection operation is saved;

[0043] 3) The solving accuracy is higher: the electric field distribution based on the analytical expression is more consistent with the real electromagnetic characteristics of the regular port, and the error caused by numerical discretization can be reduced;

[0044] 4) The engineering applicability is strong: the electromagnetic field solving module of the EDA software can be directly integrated, the typical regular port scenes such as a rectangle and a coaxial port can be adapted, and the engineering design efficiency is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0045] The above characteristics, technical features, advantages and implementation modes of the present application will be further described in the following preferred embodiments in a clear and understandable manner combined with the accompanying drawings.

[0046] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall flow of an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a rectangular port of an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a coaxial port of an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the specific implementation modes of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative labor, and other embodiments can also be obtained.

[0050] For the purpose of simplicity and brevity of the drawings, only the parts related to the present application are shown in the drawings, which do not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, for the purpose of simplicity and brevity of the drawings, in some drawings, only one of the parts with the same structure or function is shown schematically, or only one of them is marked. In this text, "one" not only means "only one", but also means "more than one".

[0051] In the field of electronic design automation (EDA), the transfinite element method provides an accurate method for injecting and absorbing waveguide or transmission line modes into and from the calculation domain through the port, and the calculation accuracy depends largely on the accurate construction of the excitation vector. In the process of constructing the excitation vector, the accurate acquisition of the port edge element expansion coefficient is a key link. In the traditional technical scheme, such expansion coefficients are usually obtained by solving electromagnetic field equations on a two-dimensional discrete grid on the port surface through a full-wave algorithm, which essentially corresponds to the solution of a generalized eigenvalue problem.

[0052] Although the full-wave numerical method can theoretically handle ports of any topological shape, it has significant limitations: on the one hand, the solution process has high computational complexity and slow convergence speed; on the other hand, after the solution is completed, an additional mode screening operation is required to extract the target transverse electromagnetic wave mode (TEM mode) from the multi-order eigenmode. Especially in the high-frequency sweep analysis scenario, this repeated iterative calculation mode significantly increases the computational burden, which restricts the efficiency of engineering design.

[0053] The present scheme is aimed at regular ports with clear geometric characteristics such as rectangular and coaxial, and uses the analytical expression of the TEM mode electric field distribution to construct the port control equation, transforming the complex generalized eigenvalue problem in the traditional method into the solution of a linear equation system. This technical scheme can significantly improve the solution speed and calculation accuracy, providing reliable technical support for efficient solution of electromagnetic field problems in EDA software. In the following, the present scheme will be described in detail in conjunction with the drawings:

[0054] In one embodiment, referring to the drawings attached Figure 1 , the present application provides an electromagnetic field calculation method based on regular ports, comprising the steps of:

[0055] S100, acquiring the geometric parameters, port impedance and input power of the port.

[0056] Before obtaining the geometric parameters of the port, it is necessary to determine whether the port is a regular port (for example, a rectangular port, a coaxial port, etc.). When the port is determined to be a regular port, the excitation vector of the hyperfinite element equation is calculated by using the optimization calculation scheme of the present scheme. First, the regular port in the problem to be solved is identified, and the geometric parameters (such as the width and height of the rectangular port, the inner radius and outer radius of the coaxial port), the port impedance and the input power are obtained. When the port is determined to be a non-regular port, the excitation vector of the hyperfinite element equation is obtained by solving the electromagnetic field equation on the two-dimensional discrete grid of the port surface in the prior art.

[0057] S200, according to the geometric parameters, the port impedance and the input power, the corresponding port in the transverse electromagnetic wave mode is called, and the electric field distribution function of the port area is generated.

[0058] The port transverse electromagnetic mode (TEM, Transverse Electro-Magnetic) refers to the electromagnetic wave mode in which the electric field and magnetic field components are perpendicular to the propagation direction, i.e. E_z ≡ 0, H_z ≡ 0 (z is the propagation direction). According to the shape characteristics of the regular port, the electric field analytical expression of the corresponding TEM mode can be called to generate the electric field distribution function of the port area. In an example, the electric field distribution function of the rectangular port is shown in the following formula (1) according to the formula (1) in the description attached to the present application. Figure 2 When the port is a rectangular port, the geometric parameters of the port include the width (w) and the height (h) of the port. For the rectangular port, the corresponding two infinite parallel plate waveguides, the electric field distribution function of the port area is:

[0059] ,

[0060] wherein, is the input power, is the port impedance, is the electric field direction, is the port height, and the port height is perpendicular to the metal conductor contacting the port. The electric field direction depends on the relative position of the signal conductor and the reference conductor, and in this example the electric field is along the direction.

[0061] In an example, the electric field distribution function of the coaxial port is shown in the following formula (2) according to the formula (2) in the description attached to the present application. Figure 3 When the port is a coaxial port, the geometric parameters of the port include the inner radius and the outer radius of the port. For the coaxial port, the corresponding coaxial waveguide, the electric field distribution function of the port area is:

[0062] ,

[0063] wherein, is the input power, is the port impedance, is the inner radius, Let be the outer radius. Let be the distance from any point on the port to the center of the port circle. This is a radial unit vector. The inner and outer circles of the port contact the metal conductors, respectively, and the direction of the electric field at the port depends on the settings of the signal conductor and the reference conductor. In this example, the electric field points from the inner circle to the outer circle.

[0064] S300. Project the electric field distribution function onto the edge element vector basis functions of the port, and construct a system of linear equations about the edge element expansion coefficients.

[0065] Vector basis functions are fundamental building blocks used in vector finite element methods (such as electromagnetic field simulation) to represent vector fields (electric fields, magnetic fields, etc.). Unlike scalar basis functions, vector basis functions are vectors themselves and are typically defined on the edges or faces of elements, rather than on nodes. In this application, vector basis functions are defined on edge elements.

[0066] In one specific implementation, a system of linear equations is constructed regarding the expansion coefficients of the edge elements, including:

[0067] The electric field distribution function at any point on the port surface is obtained from the analytical expression of the electric field of the port in transverse electromagnetic wave mode; the vector basis functions of the triangular mesh elements of the port surface are constructed based on the mesh model of the port; the electric field distribution function is projected onto the vector basis functions of the edge elements to obtain a system of linear equations about the expansion coefficients of the edge elements.

[0068] Specifically, the electric field at any point on the port surface can be obtained from the aforementioned electric field distribution function, and also from the combination of the edge element vector basis functions of the discrete triangular mesh elements. That is, the projection expression of the electric field distribution function and the edge element vector basis functions of the port is:

[0069] ,

[0070] in, The analytical expression of the electric field at the port in transverse electromagnetic wave mode; It is the first triangular mesh cell. One vector basis function; It is the first The expansion coefficients of the vector basis functions.

[0071] Multiplying both sides of the projection expression by the basis functions and integrating over the triangular mesh elements, we get:

[0072] ,

[0073] in, It is the first triangular mesh cell. One vector basis function; is the expansion coefficient of the first vector basis function;

[0074] The linear equation set can be expressed as: wherein,

[0075] ,

[0076] ,

[0077] .

[0078] S400, solving the linear equation set, obtaining the edge element expansion coefficient corresponding to the port.

[0079] Specifically, a linear algebra function library is called to solve the linear equation set, and the edge element expansion coefficient corresponding to the port is obtained .

[0080] S500, constructing the excitation vector of the super-element equation according to the edge element expansion coefficient.

[0081] S600, embedding the excitation vector into the super-element equation, and solving the electromagnetic field of the three-dimensional calculation region.

[0082] After constructing the port control equation by using the analytical expression of the TEM mode electric field distribution of the port, converting the complex generalized eigenvalue problem in the traditional method into the solving of the linear equation set, obtaining the edge element expansion coefficient corresponding to the port, the excitation vector of the super-element equation can be directly constructed according to the edge element expansion coefficient, without considering each eigenmode and generalized eigenvalue of the port, and the electromagnetic field of the entire three-dimensional calculation region can be solved by embedding the excitation vector into the super-element main equation.

[0083] Through the electromagnetic field calculation method based on the regular port provided by the application, at least the following technical effects exist:

[0084] 1) The solving speed is greatly improved: for regular ports with clear geometric characteristics such as rectangular and coaxial, the analytical expression of the TEM mode electric field distribution is used to construct the port control equation, the complex generalized eigenvalue problem in the traditional method is converted into the solving of the linear equation set, the redundant iterative calculation is avoided, and the solving speed and calculation accuracy can be significantly improved;

[0085] 2) The mode selection step is saved: the analytical expression of the TEM mode electric field of the port is directly used, and the target mode does not need to be selected from multiple eigenmodes, so that the mode selection operation is saved;

[0086] 3) The solving accuracy is higher: the electric field distribution based on the analytical expression is more consistent with the real electromagnetic characteristics of the regular port, and the error caused by numerical discretization can be reduced;

[0087] 4) Strong engineering applicability: can be directly integrated into the electromagnetic field solving module of EDA software, and is suitable for typical regular port scenarios such as rectangular and coaxial, thereby improving the engineering design efficiency.

[0088] In one embodiment, on the basis of the foregoing embodiment, the present application provides a computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the foregoing embodiment of the method for calculating electromagnetic field based on regular port.

[0089] In one embodiment, on the basis of the foregoing embodiment, the present application provides a computer storage medium having a computer program or instructions stored thereon, wherein the computer program or instructions are executed by a processor to implement the steps of the foregoing embodiment of the method for calculating electromagnetic field based on regular port.

[0090] The method for calculating electromagnetic field based on regular port of the present application can be implemented by program codes executable by a computing device, so that they can be stored in a storage device for execution by the computing device, or they can be respectively made into individual integrated circuit modules, or a plurality of modules or steps among them can be made into a single integrated circuit module to implement. Thus, the present application is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0091] It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as needed. The above description is only the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, a number of improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for calculating electromagnetic fields based on regular ports, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Obtain the port's geometric parameters, port impedance, and input power; Based on the geometric parameters, port impedance, and input power, the electric field distribution function of the port region is generated by calling the corresponding analytical expression of the electric field of the port in transverse electromagnetic wave mode. Project the electric field distribution function onto the edge element vector basis function of the port to construct a system of linear equations about the edge element expansion coefficients; Solve the system of linear equations to obtain the expansion coefficients of the edge elements corresponding to the port; The excitation vector for constructing the superfinite element equation is based on the expansion coefficients of the edge element; The excitation vector is embedded into the superfinite element equation to solve the electromagnetic field of the three-dimensional computational domain. The construction of the linear equation system with respect to the expansion coefficients of the edge elements includes: The electric field distribution function at any point on the port surface is obtained based on the analytical expression of the electric field of the port in transverse electromagnetic wave mode; the vector basis function of the triangular mesh element of the port surface is constructed based on the mesh model of the port; the electric field distribution function is projected onto the edge element vector basis function to obtain a system of linear equations about the edge element expansion coefficients. The projection expression of the electric field distribution function and the edge element vector basis function of the port is: ， in, The analytical expression for the electric field of the port in transverse electromagnetic wave mode; It is the first triangular mesh cell. One vector basis function; It is the first The expansion coefficients of the vector basis functions; Multiplying both sides of the projection expression by the basis functions and integrating over the triangular mesh elements, we get: ， in, It is the first triangular mesh cell. One vector basis function; It is the first The expansion coefficients of the vector basis functions; The system of linear equations can be expressed as: ,in, ， ， 。 2. The electromagnetic field calculation method based on regular ports according to claim 1, characterized in that, The port is a rectangular port, and the geometric parameters of the port include the width and height of the port; The electric field distribution function of the port region of the port is: ， in, For input power, Port impedance, The direction of the electric field. This represents the port height.

3. The electromagnetic field calculation method based on regular ports according to claim 1, characterized in that, The port is a coaxial port, and the geometric parameters of the port include the inner circle radius and the outer circle radius of the port; The electric field distribution function of the port region of the port is: ， in, For input power, Port impedance, Let the radius be the inner circle radius. Let be the outer radius. Let be the distance from any point on the port to the center of the port circle. It is a radial unit vector.

4. The electromagnetic field calculation method based on regular ports according to claim 1, characterized in that, Solving the system of linear equations includes: By calling the linear algebra function library, the system of linear equations is solved to obtain the expansion coefficients of the edge elements corresponding to the port. .

5. The electromagnetic field calculation method based on regular ports according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the geometric parameters of the port also includes: Determine whether the port is a regular port. If the port is determined to be an irregular port, solve the electromagnetic field equation on the two-dimensional discrete grid of the port surface to obtain the excitation vector of the superfinite element equation.

6. A computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, characterized in that, The processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the electromagnetic field calculation method based on regular ports as described in any one of claims 1-5.

7. A computer storage medium having a computer program or instructions stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program or instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the steps of the electromagnetic field calculation method based on regular ports as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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