An automatic assembly device and method for O-rings inside the injector holes of an engine cylinder head.

Abstract

This application discloses an automatic assembly device and method for O-rings in the injector holes of an engine cylinder head, relating to the field of engine cylinder head technology. It includes a cylinder head positioning mechanism for transporting and positioning the cylinder head; a feeding mechanism including a feeding base and a vibrating screen mechanism, a stop mechanism, and a lifting mechanism connected to the feeding base; the vibrating screen mechanism sequentially feeds multiple O-rings to the mounting position of the stop mechanism; the mounting position of the stop mechanism has a support claw connecting the O-rings inside, and a baffle assembly for opening and closing is located at the top of the mounting position; the lifting mechanism has a top plate and a lifting device, which can lift the top plate to eject the O-rings on the support claws; the assembly mechanism includes a conveying mechanism, an assembly base, a drive device, and a gripping mechanism; the assembly base is movably connected to the conveying mechanism; the drive device is connected to the assembly base; the drive device drives the gripping mechanism to move to grip the O-rings on the support claws and press the O-rings into the injector holes of the cylinder head.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of engine cylinder head technology, specifically relating to an automatic assembly device and method for O-rings inside the injector holes of an engine cylinder head. Background Technology

[0002] In the engine cylinder head assembly process, the injector orifice, as a critical connection between the fuel injection system and the cylinder head, directly affects the overall operating efficiency and reliability of the engine due to its sealing performance, heat insulation effect, and system pressure stability. To meet these performance requirements, an annular groove must be pre-set inside the injector orifice. Before installing the injector bushing, an O-ring must be precisely fitted into this annular groove. Through the elastic sealing characteristics of the O-ring, the gap between the injector orifice and the injector bushing is sealed, preventing fuel leakage or high-temperature gas leakage.

[0003] However, due to limitations in the engine cylinder head structure design, the annular groove inside the injector hole is usually quite deep, resulting in a narrow operating space and limited visibility for O-ring assembly. Currently, operators typically put the O-ring on their fingers, insert them into the relatively deep injector hole, and push the O-ring into the annular groove using their fingers. Due to limited operating space and the reliance on tactile judgment to determine the O-ring assembly position, operators need to repeatedly adjust their finger posture and pressure, resulting in long assembly times and extremely low efficiency. This makes it difficult to meet the pace requirements of mass production and assembly line manufacturing of engine cylinder heads. Furthermore, during the machining process, sharp edges and burrs are easily left on the bore walls and the edges of the annular grooves. When operators insert their fingers into the bores, they are easily scratched by these sharp edges and burrs, posing a serious safety hazard. In addition, manual assembly relies on operator experience, and due to human factors such as hand fatigue and operational proficiency, O-rings are prone to misalignment or incomplete engagement with the groove, increasing the risk of seal failure and affecting subsequent engine performance. Moreover, for some injector bores with smaller diameters or deeper grooves, manual fingers may even have difficulty reaching the assembly position, further increasing the assembly difficulty and failing to meet high-precision assembly requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an automatic assembly device and method for O-rings in the injector hole of an engine cylinder head, to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Manual assembly relies on the operator's experience and is affected by human factors such as hand fatigue and operator proficiency. The O-ring is prone to misalignment or incomplete engagement with the groove. Moreover, during the processing of the injector hole, sharp edges and burrs are easily left on the hole wall and the edge of the annular groove. When the operator inserts his / her fingers into the hole, he / she is easily scratched by the sharp edges and burrs, which poses a serious safety hazard.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this application is as follows:

[0006] This application relates to an automatic assembly device for O-rings inside the injector holes of an engine cylinder head, comprising:

[0007] Cylinder head positioning mechanism, used for transporting and positioning cylinder heads;

[0008] The feeding mechanism includes a feeding base and a vibrating screen mechanism, a stop mechanism, and a lifting mechanism connected to the feeding base. The vibrating screen mechanism is used to sequentially convey multiple O-rings to the mounting position of the stop mechanism. The mounting position of the stop mechanism has a support claw for connecting the O-rings inside, and the top of the mounting position has an opening and closing baffle assembly. The lifting mechanism has a top plate and a lifting device, which can lift the top plate to push out the O-rings on the support claws.

[0009] An assembly mechanism, comprising a conveying mechanism, an assembly base, a driving device, and a gripping mechanism; the assembly base is movably connected to the conveying mechanism; the driving device is connected to the assembly base; the gripping mechanism is driven by the driving device to move to grip the O-ring on the support claw and press the O-ring into the oil injection hole of the cylinder head.

[0010] The O-rings in the cylinder head injection holes are automatically pressed into place using the automatic pressing device of this application. The cylinder head is transported to its designated position by the cylinder head positioning mechanism. Simultaneously, a vibrating screen mechanism in the feeding mechanism vibrates and screens multiple O-rings layer by layer from bottom to top, outputting each O-ring to its mounting position in the stop mechanism. A support claw is connected to the mounting position of the stop mechanism to support the O-rings, providing initial positioning. Once the system detects that the cylinder head is in place, the baffle assembly is activated to open the top of the mounting position, removing any obstruction above the support claws. The lifting mechanism located below the support claws pushes the top plate upwards, which in turn pushes the support claws upwards. With the baffle assembly now open, the support claws can be lifted upwards from the mounting position, thus ejecting the O-rings held by the support claws from the mounting position. This facilitates the assembly mechanism's gripping of the O-rings. The assembly mechanism includes a conveyor... The assembly consists of a conveying mechanism, an assembly base, and a drive unit. The assembly base is connected to the conveying mechanism and can be driven to move along its length to above the support claw. The drive unit is connected to the assembly base and a gripping mechanism. When the assembly base moves above the support claw, the drive unit drives the gripping mechanism downward to grasp the O-ring from the support claw, thus positioning the O-ring from the feeding mechanism to the assembly mechanism. The conveying mechanism then moves the assembly base to above the cylinder head of the cylinder head positioning mechanism. The drive unit drives the gripping mechanism to insert the O-ring into the injection hole of the cylinder head, thus pressing the O-ring into the injection hole. This avoids the risks of improper installation and scratches to hands and arms from burrs on the inner wall of the injection hole that are associated with manual O-ring pressing. It achieves efficient, fast, and accurate positioning and installation, enabling mass production. Furthermore, the gripping mechanism of this application can grip and press-fit different types of O-rings, and can also press the O-rings completely into the groove of the oil injection hole, avoiding deformation or springback of the O-rings, and improving the pressing quality and pressing efficiency.

[0011] The feeding base has an installation cavity, and a slide rail is provided on one side of the feeding base located in the installation cavity;

[0012] The mounting cavity is connected to a positioning boss, which divides the mounting cavity into a first mounting cavity and a second mounting cavity that are connected. The first mounting cavity is set upwards and the second mounting cavity is set downwards. The first mounting cavity forms a mounting position for connecting the support claw. The second mounting cavity is connected to a top plate, the top of which is connected to the bottom of the support claw, and the bottom of which is connected to a lifting device.

[0013] In this application, the purpose of setting an installation cavity on the feeding base is to connect the upper part of the installation cavity to the support claw, and to install the top plate and lifting device on the lower part of the installation cavity. The top plate, through the lifting device connected below, can lift the support claw upwards, allowing the support claw to be lifted from the installation cavity to eject the O-ring. After the O-ring is picked up by the assembly mechanism, it can return to its initial installation position under the lowering action of the lifting device and the top plate. Furthermore, the installation cavity further forms an internal installation position, allowing the support claw and O-ring to be positioned and blocked inside the installation cavity, providing protection against external scratches and impacts. A slide rail is also connected to one side of the feeding base, connecting a baffle assembly. The baffle assembly can move along the slide rail, opening and closing the space above the support claw. This allows the support claw to be lifted through the upper space and lowered back to its initial position, after which the baffle assembly closes the upper space, providing further protection.

[0014] The stop mechanism includes a first baffle, a second baffle, and a baffle cylinder assembly;

[0015] The baffle cylinder assembly includes a baffle cylinder, a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft, a first stop block, and a second stop block. The cylinder rod of the baffle cylinder is connected to the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft via a connector. The first rotating shaft is connected to the first stop block, and the second rotating shaft is connected to the second stop block. The first stop block is connected to the first baffle, and the second stop block is connected to the second baffle. The first stop block and the second stop block can move along a slide rail to drive the first baffle and the second baffle to open and close relative to each other.

[0016] In this application, the baffle cylinder assembly includes a first baffle, a second baffle, and the baffle cylinder assembly itself. The relative movement of the first and second baffles—that is, when the first and second baffles move away from each other, the space above the support claw can be opened; when the first and second baffles move closer together, the space above the support claw can be closed. To achieve the relative movement of the first and second baffles, the baffle cylinder assembly of this application includes a baffle cylinder and connecting members connected to the cylinder rods of the baffle cylinder. One end of the connecting member is rotatably connected to a first rotating shaft, and the other end of the connecting member is rotatably connected to a second rotating shaft. The first rotating shaft is connected to a first stop block, the second rotating shaft is connected to a second stop block, the first stop block is connected to the first baffle, and the second stop block is connected to the second baffle. This allows the first and second stop blocks to drive the first and second baffles to move relative to each other, thus opening or closing the space above the support claw.

[0017] The vibrating screen mechanism includes a circular vibrating screen and a linear vibrating conveyor connected together;

[0018] The circular vibrating screen can vibrate multiple O-rings inside sequentially from the bottom up into the linear vibrating conveyor channel; one end of the linear vibrating conveyor channel can extend to the first mounting cavity.

[0019] In this application, the circular vibrating screen of the vibrating screen mechanism can achieve vibration. The circular vibrating screen has a layered spiral structure from bottom to top. The circular vibrating screen has a spiral channel with layers of spirals. The O-rings can move upward continuously in the spiral channel until they move into the linear vibrating conveyor channel connected to the output end of the circular vibrating screen. The linear vibrating conveyor channel can extend into the first mounting cavity. Multiple O-rings in the linear vibrating conveyor channel can enter the support claws in sequence. The support claws achieve preliminary positioning. The support claws have a structure similar to a three-jaw positioning chuck. They have positioning grooves distributed circumferentially. The positioning grooves can form an annular positioning mounting position along the circumference of the support claws, so that the O-rings can be embedded in the annular positioning mounting position to achieve positioning connection with the support claws.

[0020] The gripping mechanism includes a quick-change disc, a radial cylinder, a needle-shaped gripper, and an arc-shaped gripper;

[0021] The quick-change disc is connected to the bottom of the drive unit, and the radial cylinder is connected to the bottom of the quick-change disc; multiple needle-shaped grippers are connected to the bottom of the radial cylinder and distributed along the circumference of the radial cylinder, and multiple arc-shaped grippers are connected to the bottom of the radial cylinder and distributed along the circumference of the radial cylinder; the circle formed by the multiple arc-shaped grippers is set inside the circle formed by the multiple needle-shaped grippers.

[0022] In this application, the quick-change disc of the gripping mechanism is connected to the bottom of the drive unit. The quick-change disc cooperates with the drive unit to achieve different gripping mechanisms working together. When pressing large-size O-rings, a large-size O-ring gripping mechanism can be used; when pressing small-size O-rings, a small-size O-ring gripping mechanism can be used. The quick-change disc can be mounted to the bottom of the drive unit, achieving modular installation, facilitating maintenance and replacement, and improving the overall adaptability of the machine. A radial cylinder is connected to the bottom of the quick-change disc, which drives the needle-shaped grippers and arc-shaped grippers. Multiple needle-shaped grippers and multiple arc-shaped grippers work together to grip and pick up O-rings, removing them from the feeding mechanism and installing them into the oil injection holes of the cylinder head. The circle formed by multiple arc-shaped grippers along the circumference of the radial cylinder is located inside the circle formed by multiple needle-shaped grippers along the circumference of the radial cylinder. That is, the arc-shaped grippers are located in the inner circle of the needle-shaped grippers. The purpose is to enable the gripping mechanism to grip the O-ring in the feeding mechanism downwards. First, the arc-shaped grippers are positioned and connected to the inside of the O-ring, and the needle-shaped grippers are positioned and connected to the outside of the O-ring. Then, under the action of the drive device, the gripping mechanism moves downwards until the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped grippers can be pressed against the inner wall of the O-ring. Under the action of the radial cylinder, the needle-shaped grippers retract, and the O-ring is clamped on the arc-shaped grippers, thereby achieving the positioning and clamping of the O-ring in the gripping mechanism.

[0023] The automatic assembly device for O-rings inside the injector holes of the engine cylinder head disclosed in this application includes an assembly mechanism that further comprises a detection and lubrication mechanism. The detection and lubrication mechanism includes a long-lens camera, a first slide cylinder, and a second slide cylinder. The first and second slide cylinders are connected to a drive device. The long-lens camera is connected to the first slide cylinder. The fuel injection pipe is connected to the second slide cylinder. The long-lens camera can move along the assembly base via the slide cylinder to take pictures of the O-rings to detect whether the assembly is successful.

[0024] In this application, the assembly mechanism also includes a lubrication detection mechanism. The long-lens camera and oil injection pipe of the lubrication detection mechanism are connected to a slide cylinder, which is connected to a drive unit. The drive unit can move up and down along the assembly base, thereby driving the slide cylinder to move up and down. The slide cylinder, in turn, moves up and down along the drive unit, thus driving the long-lens camera and oil injection pipe to move up and down. The long-lens camera is used to align with the injector hole and take a picture. When the slide cylinder is activated, the long-lens camera moves down to the injector hole to take a picture to detect whether the O-ring is successfully assembled, and the picture is transmitted to the control panel. Afterwards, the long-lens camera rises back to its original position, the slide cylinder is activated, and the oil injection pipe moves down to the O-ring placement location to spray lubricating oil. After the oil injection pipe rises back to its original position, the assembly mechanism moves to the right to the loading system. Simultaneously, the cylinder head positioning mechanism receives a signal, the assembled cylinder head moves forward, and the cylinder head positioning system receives the next cylinder head.

[0025] The automatic assembly device for O-rings in the injector holes of the engine cylinder head of this application also includes a gripping and positioning device.

[0026] The gripper positioning device includes a bracket, a first gripper positioning mechanism, a second gripper positioning mechanism, a first positioning sensor, and a second positioning sensor; the first gripper positioning mechanism is connected to the bracket via a first tray, and the second gripper positioning mechanism is connected to the bracket via a second tray; a first positioning sensor is connected to one side of the bracket corresponding to the first tray, and a second positioning sensor is connected to one side of the bracket corresponding to the second tray.

[0027] In this application, a first gripper positioning mechanism and a second gripper positioning mechanism are connected to the bracket. The first gripper positioning mechanism is used to grip large-sized O-rings, and the second gripper positioning mechanism is used to grip small-sized O-rings. A first tray and a second tray are connected to the bracket. A first positioning sensor is connected to the bracket at the position corresponding to the first tray, and a second positioning sensor is connected to the bracket at the position corresponding to the second tray. The first positioning sensor is used to detect the first gripper positioning mechanism, and the second positioning sensor is used to detect the second gripper positioning mechanism. The dimensions of the first gripper positioning mechanism are designed for large-sized O-rings, and the dimensions of the second gripper positioning mechanism are designed for small-sized O-rings. If assembling a small-sized O-ring, the first gripper positioning mechanism needs to be replaced with the second gripper positioning mechanism. The replacement method is as follows: the first positioning sensor and the second positioning sensor are used for positioning. The assembly mechanism moves to the bracket, the first gripper positioning mechanism is detached from the quick-change plate and placed on the bracket. Then the assembly mechanism moves to the second gripper positioning mechanism. The gripper mechanism is installed below the drive device of the assembly mechanism through the positioning pin in the quick-change plate. The assembly mechanism for replacing the gripper mechanism of the small-sized O-ring with the large-sized O-ring is the same as the above assembly mechanism.

[0028] This application also relates to an automatic assembly method for O-rings inside injector holes in engine cylinder heads, based on the aforementioned automatic assembly device for O-rings inside injector holes in engine cylinder heads, the specific steps of which include:

[0029] S1: The assembly base is moved above the mounting position of the stop mechanism by the conveying mechanism;

[0030] S2: The cylinder head positioning mechanism transports the cylinder head to the designated location;

[0031] S3: The vibrating screen mechanism moves the O-ring into the support claw of the mounting position of the stop block mechanism, the baffle assembly opens, and the lifting device lifts the top rod to push the support claw upward, causing the O-ring on the support claw to be pushed out.

[0032] S4: The drive unit drives the gripping mechanism to move downward, so that the gripping mechanism grabs the O-ring and presses it into the oil injection hole of the cylinder head.

[0033] In step S4, the drive device of the assembly mechanism drives the gripping mechanism to move downward, so that the gripping mechanism grasps the O-ring and presses it into the oil injection hole of the cylinder head, specifically including:

[0034] The drive unit drives the gripping mechanism to move toward the support claw, so that the needle-shaped gripper holds the outside of the O-ring and the arc-shaped gripper holds the inside of the O-ring;

[0035] The radial cylinder of the gripping mechanism drives the needle gripper to retract inward, so that the O-ring is clamped on the arc-shaped gripper.

[0036] The drive unit drives the gripping mechanism to rise to its original position, and the lifting device drives the top plate and support claws to descend to their original positions.

[0037] The assembly base is moved to the top of the cylinder head by the conveying mechanism, and the gripping mechanism is moved down by the driving device so that the needle gripper and the arc gripper enter the oil injection hole, so that the O-ring is press-fitted into the oil injection hole of the cylinder head.

[0038] The process of driving the gripping mechanism downward via a drive device to allow the needle-shaped gripper and the arc-shaped gripper to enter the fuel injection hole, thereby press-fitting the O-ring into the fuel injection hole of the cylinder head, specifically includes:

[0039] The needle-shaped gripper is driven by a radial cylinder to expand outward and move upward, so that the O-ring returns to its original elastic state and springs back to the groove position inside the hole.

[0040] The needle-shaped gripper is driven by a radial cylinder to retract inward and move downward, entering the interior of the O-ring;

[0041] The needle-shaped gripper is driven by a radial cylinder to open outward and then retract inward. After this process is repeated at least twice, the O-ring is fully squeezed into the groove of the fuel injection hole.

[0042] The gripping mechanism is driven upward by a drive device, and the needle gripper is opened and returned to its original position by a radial cylinder.

[0043] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects achieved by this application are as follows:

[0044] 1. This application's automatic O-ring pressing device includes a cylinder head positioning mechanism, a feeding mechanism, and an assembly mechanism. The assembly mechanism includes a drive device and a gripping mechanism connected to the drive device. The drive device drives the gripping mechanism to move downwards, enabling it to grip the O-ring on the support claw. This positions the O-ring from the feeding mechanism to the assembly mechanism. A conveying mechanism then moves the assembly base along the conveying mechanism to above the cylinder head of the cylinder head positioning mechanism. The drive device then drives the gripping mechanism to carry the O-ring towards the fuel injection hole in the cylinder head, thus pressing the O-ring into the fuel injection hole. This avoids the risks associated with manual O-ring pressing, such as improper installation and scratches to hands and arms from burrs on the inner wall of the fuel injection hole. It achieves efficient, fast, and accurate positioning and installation, enabling mass production. Furthermore, the gripping mechanism of this application can grip and press different types of O-rings, and can completely press the O-ring into the groove of the fuel injection hole, preventing deformation or springback of the O-ring and improving pressing quality and efficiency.

[0045] This application ensures that the O-ring is stably clamped. First, a lifting device and support claws are designed to expose the O-ring from the feed channel without tilting. Then, an arc-shaped gripper ensures the O-ring is clamped on the same plane. Second, this application also ensures the O-ring is accurately positioned in the groove within the oil injection hole. The control panel controls the distance and speed of the assembly mechanism's drive unit's up-and-down movement, and corresponding sensors provide positioning to ensure the gripping mechanism accurately stops the O-ring in the groove. Furthermore, the gripping mechanism of this application uses a uniquely designed needle-shaped gripper to perform three consecutive opening and closing cycles, ensuring the O-ring is completely inserted into the groove. Moreover, this application boasts a high degree of automation, improving the assembly efficiency of assembling O-rings in the annular groove within the hole and reducing labor. It also offers high stability, a high assembly success rate, and the ability to monitor the O-ring assembly status online in real time, improving assembly quality. In addition, it can assemble both large and small O-rings and perform subsequent oil injection operations, achieving multi-functional integration. Attached Figure Description

[0046] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an automatic assembly device for O-rings inside injector holes in an engine cylinder head, according to one embodiment of this application.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cylinder head positioning mechanism of an automatic assembly device for O-rings inside injector holes in an engine cylinder head according to one embodiment of this application.

[0049] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism of an automatic assembly device for O-rings inside an engine cylinder head injector hole, according to one embodiment of this application.

[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the assembly mechanism of an automatic assembly device for O-rings inside injector holes in an engine cylinder head, according to one embodiment of this application.

[0051] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of the assembly mechanism of an automatic assembly device for O-rings inside an injector hole in an engine cylinder head, according to one embodiment of this application.

[0052] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the gripping mechanism of an automatic assembly device for O-rings inside injector holes in an engine cylinder head, according to one embodiment of this application.

[0053] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the conveying mechanism of an automatic assembly device for O-rings inside injector holes in an engine cylinder head, according to one embodiment of this application.

[0054] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the gripping and positioning mechanism of an automatic assembly device for O-rings inside injector holes in an engine cylinder head according to one embodiment of this application.

[0055] In the picture,

[0056] 1. Cylinder head positioning mechanism;

[0057] 2. Feeding mechanism; 21. Feeding base; 22. Vibrating screen mechanism; 23. Stopping mechanism; 24. Lifting mechanism;

[0058] 3. Assembly mechanism; 31. Conveying mechanism; 32. Assembly base; 33. Drive device; 34. Gripping mechanism;

[0059] 4. Circular vibrating screen; 5. Linear vibrating conveyor; 6. Quick-change disc; 7. Radial cylinder; 8. Needle gripper; 9. Arc gripper; 10. Drive motor; 11. Connecting screw; 12. Long-lens camera; 13. First slide cylinder; 14. Oil injection pipe; 15. Second slide cylinder; 16. Bracket; 17. First gripper positioning mechanism; 18. Second gripper positioning mechanism; 19. First positioning detection sensor; 20. Second positioning detection sensor; 41. Infrared beam sensor; 42. First baffle; 43. Second baffle; 44. Baffle cylinder; 45. Support claw ; 46. Top plate; 47. Lifting device; 48. First motor; 49. Second motor; 50. First lead screw; 51. Second lead screw; 52. First linear guide; 53. Second linear guide; 54. First positioning sensor; 55. Second positioning sensor; 56. Roller conveyor; 57. Cylinder head; 58. First inductive positioning sensor; 59. Second inductive positioning sensor; 60. Conveying base; 61. O-ring; 62. First sensor; 63. Second sensor; 64. Third sensor; 65. Fourth sensor; 66. Fifth sensor; 67. Positioning bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0060] To more clearly illustrate the overall concept of this application, a detailed explanation is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0061] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application. However, this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0062] Furthermore, it should be understood in the description of this application that the terms "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0063] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0064] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the "above" or "below" of the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "implementation," "example," "a particular embodiment," "example," or "specific example," etc., indicate that the specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0065] Example 1

[0066] An automatic assembly device for O-rings inside injector holes in engine cylinder heads, such as... Figure 1-8 As shown, it includes:

[0067] Cylinder head positioning mechanism 1, used for transporting and positioning cylinder head 57;

[0068] The feeding mechanism 2 includes a feeding base 21 and a vibrating screen mechanism 22, a stop block mechanism 23, and a lifting mechanism 24 connected to the feeding base 21. The vibrating screen mechanism 22 is used to sequentially convey multiple O-rings 61 to the mounting position of the stop block mechanism 23. The mounting position of the stop block mechanism 23 has a support claw 45 for connecting the O-rings 61 inside, and a baffle assembly for opening and closing is located at the top of the mounting position. The lifting mechanism 24 has a top plate 46 and a lifting device 47. The lifting device 47 can lift the top plate 46 so that the O-rings 61 on the support claw 45 are ejected.

[0069] Assembly mechanism 3 includes a conveying mechanism 31, an assembly base 32, a driving device 33, and a gripping mechanism 34; the assembly base 32 is movably connected to the conveying mechanism 31; the driving device 33 is connected to the assembly base 32; the gripping mechanism 34 is driven by the driving device 33 to move to grip the O-ring 61 on the support claw 45 and press the O-ring 61 into the oil injection hole of the cylinder head 57.

[0070] The O-rings 61 inside the injection holes of the cylinder head 57 are automatically pressed in by the automatic pressing device of this application. The cylinder head 57 is transported to the designated position of the cylinder head positioning mechanism 1 by the cylinder head positioning mechanism 1. At the same time, the feeding mechanism 2 uses a vibrating screen mechanism 22 to vibrate and screen multiple O-rings 61 layer by layer from bottom to top, so that the O-rings 61 are output one by one to the mounting position of the stop block mechanism 23. The mounting position of the stop block mechanism 23 is connected to a support claw 45 for supporting the O-rings 61. The support claw 45 can initially position the O-rings 61. When the system detects the cylinder head 57 After installation, the baffle assembly is activated to open the top of the mounting position, removing any obstruction above the support claw 45. The lifting mechanism 24 located below the support claw 45 then pushes the top plate 46 upwards. The top plate 46 pushes the support claw 45 upwards, and with the baffle assembly now open, the support claw 45 can be lifted upwards from the mounting position, thus ejecting the O-ring 61 held by the support claw 45 from the mounting position. This facilitates the assembly mechanism 3's gripping of the O-ring 61. The assembly mechanism 3 includes a conveying mechanism 31. The assembly base 32 and the drive device 33 are assembled. The assembly base 32 is connected to the conveying mechanism 31, which drives the assembly base 32 to move along the length of the conveying base 60, thereby moving the assembly base 32 above the support claw 45. The drive device 33 is connected to the assembly base 32, and the drive device 33 is connected to the gripping mechanism 34. When the assembly base 32 moves above the support claw 45, the drive device 33 drives the gripping mechanism 34 to move downward, so that the gripping mechanism 34 can grasp the O-ring 61 of the support claw 45, thereby achieving... The O-ring 61 is positioned from the feeding mechanism 2 into the assembly mechanism 3. The assembly base 32 is moved along the conveying mechanism 31 to above the cylinder head 57 of the cylinder head positioning mechanism 1. The driving device 33 drives the gripping mechanism 34 to carry the O-ring 61 into the injection hole of the cylinder head 57, thus pressing the O-ring 61 into the injection hole. This avoids the risks associated with manual pressing of the O-ring 61, such as improper installation and scratches to hands and arms from burrs on the inner wall of the injection hole. It achieves efficient, fast, and precise positioning and installation, enabling mass production. Furthermore, the gripping mechanism 34 of this application can grip and press different types of O-rings 61, and can completely press the O-ring 61 into the groove of the injection hole, preventing deformation or springback of the O-ring 61, thus improving pressing quality and efficiency.

[0071] Furthermore, the cylinder head positioning mechanism 1 includes a roller base, a roller 56, a first sensing positioning sensor 58, and a second sensing positioning sensor 59. The roller 56 is connected to the roller base for transporting the cylinder head 57. The first sensing positioning sensor 58 and the second sensing positioning sensor 59 are respectively connected to both sides of the roller 56. The first sensing positioning sensor 58 and the second sensing positioning sensor 59 are used to detect the movement of the cylinder head 57 on the roller 56 and upload the data to the control system.

[0072] Furthermore, a pair of infrared beam sensors 41 and a baffle cylinder sensor are respectively arranged on both sides of the feeding base 21. The infrared beam sensor 41 detects that the O-ring 61 has reached the support claw 45 and transmits the signal to the baffle cylinder sensor. The baffle cylinder 44, as described below, pushes the first baffle 42 and the second baffle 43 to open.

[0073] Furthermore, the feeding mechanism 2 may include multiple sets, preferably two types, one type of feeding mechanism for conveying large-size O-rings 61, and the other type of feeding mechanism for conveying small-size O-rings 61.

[0074] In a preferred embodiment, the feeding base 21 has an installation cavity, and a slide rail is provided on one side of the feeding base 21 within the installation cavity. A positioning boss is connected within the installation cavity, dividing the installation cavity into a first installation cavity and a second installation cavity that are connected. The first installation cavity faces upward, and the second installation cavity faces downward. The first installation cavity forms an installation position for connecting the support claw 45. A top plate 46 is connected within the second installation cavity. The top of the top plate 46 is connected to the bottom of the support claw, and a lifting device 47 is connected to the bottom of the top plate 46.

[0075] The purpose of setting an installation cavity on the feeding base 21 is to connect the upper part of the installation cavity to the support claw 45, and to install the top plate 46 and the lifting device 47 on the lower part of the installation cavity. The top plate 46 can lift the support claw 45 upward through the lifting device 47 connected below, so that the support claw 45 can be lifted upward from the installation cavity to eject the O-ring 61. After the O-ring 61 is picked up by the assembly mechanism 3, it can be restored to its initial installation position under the lowering action of the lifting device 47 and the top plate 46. Moreover, by setting the installation cavity, an internal installation position can be formed, so that the support claw 45 and the O-ring 61 can be positioned and blocked inside the installation cavity, forming a protective function to prevent external scratches and bumps. A slide rail is also connected to one side of the feeding base 21. The slide rail is used to connect the baffle assembly, so that the baffle assembly can move along the slide rail to open and close the upper part of the support claw 45. This allows the support claw 45 to be lifted through the upper space and lowered back to its initial position. Then, the baffle assembly closes the upper space, providing further protection.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment, the stop mechanism 23 includes a first baffle 42, a second baffle 43, and a baffle cylinder assembly; the baffle cylinder assembly includes a baffle cylinder 44, a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft, a first stop, and a second stop; the cylinder rod of the baffle cylinder 44 is connected to the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft via a connector, the first rotating shaft is connected to the first stop, and the second rotating shaft is connected to the second stop; the first stop is connected to the first baffle 42, and the second stop is connected to the second baffle 43; the first stop and the second stop can move along a slide rail to drive the first baffle 42 and the second baffle 43 to open and close relative to each other.

[0077] In this application, the baffle plate mechanism includes a first baffle 42, a second baffle 43, and a baffle cylinder assembly. The relative movement of the first baffle 42 and the second baffle 43—that is, when the first baffle 42 and the second baffle 43 move away from each other—opens the space above the support claw 45; when the first baffle 42 and the second baffle 43 move closer to each other, they close the space above the support claw 45. To achieve the relative movement of the first baffle 42 and the second baffle 43, the baffle cylinder assembly of this application is configured to include a baffle cylinder 4... 4 and connecting parts that are respectively connected to the cylinder rod of the baffle cylinder 44. One end of the connecting parts is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft, and the other end of the connecting parts is rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft. The first rotating shaft is connected to the first stop block, the second rotating shaft is connected to the second stop block, the first stop block is connected to the first baffle 42, and the second stop block is connected to the second baffle 43. This enables the first stop block and the second stop block to drive the first baffle 42 and the second baffle 43 to achieve relative opening or closing, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the space above the support claw 45.

[0078] In a preferred embodiment, the vibrating screen mechanism 22 includes a circular vibrating screen 4 and a linear vibrating conveyor 5 connected to each other; the circular vibrating screen 4 can vibrate multiple O-rings 61 inside it sequentially from the bottom up into the linear vibrating conveyor 5; one end of the linear vibrating conveyor 5 can extend to the first mounting cavity.

[0079] In this application, the circular vibrating screen 4 of the vibrating screen mechanism 22 can vibrate. The circular vibrating screen 4 has a spiral structure from bottom to top. The circular vibrating screen 4 has spiral channels in a spiral shape. The O-rings 61 can move upward continuously in the spiral channels until they move into the linear vibrating conveyor channel 5 connected to the output end of the circular vibrating screen 4. The linear vibrating conveyor channel 5 can extend into the first mounting cavity. Multiple O-rings 61 in the linear vibrating conveyor channel 5 can enter the support claw 45 in sequence. The support claw 45 achieves preliminary positioning. The support claw 45 has a structure similar to a three-jaw positioning chuck. It has positioning grooves distributed along the circumference. The positioning grooves can form an annular positioning mounting position along the circumference of the support claw 45, so that the O-rings 61 can be embedded in the annular positioning mounting position to achieve positioning connection with the support claw 45.

[0080] Furthermore, the conveying mechanism 31 includes a conveying base 60, a first motor 48, a second motor 49, a first lead screw 50, a second lead screw 51, a first linear guide rail 52, a second linear guide rail 53, a first positioning sensor 54, and a second positioning sensor 55. The conveying base 60 has a frame structure, with parallel moving tracks formed on both sides along its length. One side is connected to the first linear guide rail 52, and the other side is connected to the second linear guide rail 53. The first motor 48 is connected to one side of the first linear guide rail 52, and the second motor 49 is connected to one side of the second linear guide rail 53. The first motor 48 drives the first lead screw 50 to rotate, allowing the first slider connected to the first lead screw 50 to move along the first linear guide rail 52. The second motor 49 drives the second lead screw 51 to rotate, allowing the second slider connected to the second lead screw 51 to move along the first linear guide rail 52. The two linear guide rails 53 move, and the first and second sliders are connected to the bottom of the assembly base 32, so that the assembly base 32 can move along the conveying base 60 under the driving action of the conveying mechanism 31. The first positioning sensor 54 and the second positioning sensor 55 are connected to one side of the conveying base 60 connected to the first linear guide rail 52. The position of the assembly base 32 is detected by the first positioning sensor 54 and the second positioning sensor 55 and uploaded to the control system in real time. The control system controls the first motor 48 and the second motor 49 to start or stop running so that the assembly base 32 moves to the designated position.

[0081] In a preferred embodiment, the gripping mechanism 34 includes a quick-change disc 6, a radial cylinder 7, needle-shaped grippers 8, and arc-shaped grippers 9. The quick-change disc 6 is connected to the bottom of the drive device 33, and the radial cylinder 7 is connected to the bottom of the quick-change disc 6. Multiple needle-shaped grippers 8 are connected to the bottom of the radial cylinder 7 and distributed circumferentially around it. Multiple arc-shaped grippers 9 are connected to the bottom of the radial cylinder 7 and distributed circumferentially around it. The circle formed by the multiple arc-shaped grippers 9 is located inside the circle formed by the multiple needle-shaped grippers 8. The arc-shaped grippers 9 are in a fixed state. Utilizing the principle of a pneumatic three-jaw chuck, the needle-shaped grippers 8 are driven by the radial cylinder 7 to achieve opening and closing actions.

[0082] The quick-change disc 6 is positioned and connected to the bottom of the drive device 33 via a pin and pneumatic adsorption, enabling the quick-change disc 6 to accommodate the gripping mechanism 34 of O-rings 61 of different sizes, achieving rapid replacement and assembly and improving installation efficiency. A radial cylinder 7 is connected to the bottom of the quick-change disc 6, which drives the needle-shaped gripper and the arc-shaped gripper 9 at the bottom to move respectively, causing them to retract inward or expand outward.

[0083] Furthermore, the drive device 33 includes a positioning bracket 67, a drive motor 10, and a connecting screw 11; the drive motor 10 is connected to the mounting base 32, the drive motor 10 is connected to the connecting screw 11, the connecting screw 11 is connected to the connecting slider, the connecting slider is connected to the positioning bracket 67, and a gripping mechanism 34 is connected below the positioning bracket 67, specifically a quick-change disc 6 connected to the gripping mechanism 34; the drive motor 10 drives the connecting screw 11 to rotate, thereby realizing the up-and-down movement of the positioning bracket 67, thereby realizing the up-and-down movement of the gripping mechanism 34 connected to the positioning bracket 67 of the drive device 33.

[0084] Five sensors are also installed on the assembly base 32 to detect the position of the assembly base 32. The five sensors include the first sensor 62, the second sensor 63, the third sensor 64, the fourth sensor 65, and the fifth sensor 66.

[0085] In this application, the quick-change disc 6 of the gripping mechanism 34 is connected to the bottom of the drive device 33. The quick-change disc 6 cooperates with the drive device 33 to achieve different gripping mechanisms 34 and drive device 33. When pressing large-size O-rings, a large-size O-ring gripping mechanism can be adapted; when pressing small-size O-rings, a small-size O-ring gripping mechanism can be adapted. The quick-change disc 6 can be mounted to the bottom of the drive device 33, achieving modular installation, facilitating maintenance and replacement, and improving the overall adaptability of the machine. A radial cylinder 7 is connected to the bottom of the quick-change disc 6. The radial cylinder 7 drives the needle-shaped gripper 8 and the arc-shaped gripper 9 to move. Multiple needle-shaped grippers 8 and multiple arc-shaped grippers 9 can work together to grip and pick up the O-ring 61, removing it from the feeding mechanism 2 and installing it into the oil injection hole of the cylinder head 57. The circle formed by multiple arc-shaped grippers 9 along the circumferential direction of the radial cylinder 7 is located inside the circle formed by multiple needle-shaped grippers 8 along the circumferential direction of the radial cylinder 7. That is, the arc-shaped grippers 9 are located in the inner circle of the needle-shaped grippers 8. The purpose is to enable the gripping mechanism 34 to grip the O-ring 61 in the feeding mechanism 2 downwards. First, the arc-shaped grippers 9 are positioned and connected to the inside of the O-ring 61, and the needle-shaped grippers 8 are positioned and connected to the outside of the O-ring 61. Then, the drive device 33 is activated. When the drive motor 10 is started, the connecting screw 11 rotates, which drives the connecting slider on the connecting screw 11 to move, which in turn drives the positioning bracket 67 to move. The positioning bracket 67 is connected to the gripping mechanism 34, thereby realizing the downward movement of the gripping mechanism 34 until the outer arc surface of the arc gripper 9 can be pressed against the inner wall of the O-ring 61. Under the action of the radial cylinder 7, the needle gripper 8 retracts, and the O-ring is clamped on the arc gripper 9, thereby realizing the positioning and clamping of the O-ring 61 in the gripping mechanism 34.

[0086] In a preferred embodiment, a lubrication detection mechanism is also included; the lubrication detection mechanism includes a telephoto lens camera 12, a first slide cylinder 13, and a second slide cylinder 15; the first slide cylinder 13 and the second slide cylinder 15 are connected to the drive device 33; the telephoto lens camera 12 is connected to the first slide cylinder 13; the oil injection pipe 14 is connected to the second slide cylinder 15; the telephoto lens camera 12 can move along the assembly base 32 via the slide cylinder to take pictures of the O-ring 61 to detect whether the assembly is successful.

[0087] In this application, the assembly mechanism 3 also includes a detection and lubrication mechanism. A telephoto lens camera 12 is connected to a first slide cylinder 13; an oil injection pipe 14 is connected to a second slide cylinder 15; the first slide cylinder 13 and the second slide cylinder 15 are connected to a drive device 33; the drive device 33 can drive the gripping mechanism 34 to move up and down along the assembly base 32, thereby driving the first slide cylinder 13 and the second slide cylinder 15 to move up and down, which in turn drives the telephoto lens camera 12 and the oil injection pipe 14 to move up and down. The telephoto lens camera 12 is used to align with the injector hole for taking pictures. When the first slide cylinder 13 is activated, the telephoto lens camera 12 moves down to the injector hole to take pictures to detect whether the O-ring is successfully assembled, and transmits the detection photos to the control panel. Afterwards, the telephoto lens camera 12 rises back to its original position, the second slide cylinder 15 is activated, and the oil injection pipe 14 moves down to the O-ring 61 placement location to spray lubricating oil. After the fuel injection pipe 14 rises to its original position, the assembly mechanism moves to the right to the feeding system. At the same time, the cylinder head positioning mechanism 1 receives a signal, and the assembled cylinder head 57 moves forward. The cylinder head positioning mechanism receives the next cylinder head 57. After the infrared photoelectric sensors 41 on both sides of the cylinder head positioning mechanism 1 sense the O-ring 61 again, the above steps are repeated to continue to complete the installation of the O-ring 61 in the injector hole groove of the cylinder head 57.

[0088] In a preferred embodiment, a gripper positioning device is also included; the gripper positioning mechanism includes a bracket 16, a first gripper positioning mechanism 17, a second gripper positioning mechanism 18, a first positioning detection sensor 19, and a second positioning detection sensor 20; the first gripper positioning mechanism 17 is connected to the bracket 16 via a first tray, and the second gripper positioning mechanism 18 is connected to the bracket 16 via a second tray; the first positioning detection sensor 19 is connected to one side of the bracket 16 corresponding to the first tray, and the second positioning detection sensor 20 is connected to one side of the bracket 16 corresponding to the second tray.

[0089] In this application, a first gripping positioning mechanism 17 and a second gripping positioning mechanism 18 are connected to the bracket 16. The first gripping positioning mechanism 17 is used to grip large-sized O-rings, and the second gripping positioning mechanism 18 is used to grip small-sized O-rings. A first tray and a second tray are connected to the bracket 16. A first positioning detection sensor 19 is connected to the bracket 16 at the position corresponding to the first tray, and a second positioning detection sensor 20 is connected to the bracket 16 at the position corresponding to the second tray. The first positioning detection sensor 19 is used to detect the first gripping positioning mechanism 17, and the second positioning detection sensor 20 is used to detect the second gripping positioning mechanism 18. The dimensions of the first gripping positioning mechanism 17 are designed for large-sized O-rings, and the dimensions of the second gripping positioning mechanism 18 are designed for small-sized O-rings. If assembling a small-sized O-ring, the first gripper positioning mechanism 17 needs to be replaced with the second gripper positioning mechanism 18. The replacement method is as follows: the first positioning detection sensor 19 and the second positioning detection sensor 20 are used for positioning. The assembly mechanism 3 moves to the bracket 16, the first gripper positioning mechanism 17 is detached from the quick-change plate 6 and placed on the bracket 16. Then the assembly mechanism 3 moves to the second gripper positioning mechanism 18. The gripper mechanism 34 is installed below the drive device 33 of the assembly mechanism 3 through the positioning pin in the quick-change plate 6. The assembly mechanism for replacing the gripper mechanism of the small-sized O-ring with the large-sized O-ring is the same as the above assembly mechanism.

[0090] Example 2

[0091] An automatic assembly method for O-rings inside injector holes in engine cylinder heads, based on the aforementioned automatic assembly device for O-rings inside injector holes in engine cylinder heads, includes the following steps:

[0092] S1: The assembly base 32 is moved above the mounting position of the stop mechanism 23 by the conveying mechanism 31.

[0093] The first positioning sensor 54 and the second positioning sensor 55 detect the position of the assembly base 32. By activating the first motor 48 and the second motor 49 of the conveying mechanism 31, the first lead screw 50 and the second lead screw 51 are driven to rotate. This causes the first slider on the first lead screw 50 to move along the first linear guide rail 52, and the second slider on the second lead screw 51 to move along the second linear guide rail 53. This causes the assembly base 32 of the assembly mechanism 3 to move along the first linear guide rail 52 and the second linear guide rail 53, thereby moving the assembly base 32 above the mounting position of the stop mechanism 23 of the feeding mechanism 2.

[0094] S2: Cylinder head positioning mechanism 1 transports cylinder head 57 to the designated position.

[0095] The cylinder head 57 is transported by the roller conveyor 56 of the conveyor mechanism 31, and the cylinder head 57 is detected by the first inductive positioning sensor 58 and the second inductive positioning sensor 59 to reach the designated position of the cylinder head positioning mechanism 1.

[0096] S3: The vibrating screen mechanism 22 moves the O-ring 61 into the support claw 45 of the mounting position of the stop block mechanism 23, the baffle assembly opens, and the lifting device 47 lifts the top rod to push the support claw 45 up, so that the O-ring 61 on the support claw 45 is pushed out.

[0097] The circular vibrating screen 4 has spiral channels extending upwards in layers. The O-rings 61 can move upwards continuously within the spiral channels until they reach the linear vibrating conveyor 5 connected to the output end of the circular vibrating screen 4. The linear vibrating conveyor 5 can extend into the first mounting cavity. The O-rings 61 in the linear vibrating conveyor 5 can enter the support claws 45 in sequence, and the support claws 45 achieve initial positioning. The infrared beam sensor 41 detects that the O-rings 61 have reached the support claws 45 and transmits the signal to the baffle cylinder sensor. The baffle cylinder 44 pushes the first baffle 42 and the second baffle 43 to open. At the same time, the lifting device 47 pushes the top plate 46 to rise, and the O-rings 61 on the support claws are pushed out.

[0098] S4: The drive unit 33 drives the gripping mechanism 34 to move downward, so that the gripping mechanism 34 grips the O-ring 61 and presses it into the oil injection hole of the cylinder head 57.

[0099] Further, in step S4, the driving device 33 of the assembly mechanism 3 drives the gripping mechanism 34 to move downward, so that the gripping mechanism 34 grips the O-ring 61 and presses it into the oil injection hole of the cylinder head 57, specifically including:

[0100] The drive unit 33 drives the gripping mechanism 34 to move toward the support claw 45, so that the needle-shaped gripper 8 is clamped on the outside of the O-ring 61 and the arc-shaped gripper 9 is clamped on the inside of the O-ring 61.

[0101] The radial cylinder 7 of the gripping mechanism 34 drives the needle gripper 8 to retract inward, so that the O-ring 61 is clamped on the arc-shaped gripper 9.

[0102] The drive device 33 drives the gripping mechanism 34 to rise to its original position, and the lifting device 47 drives the top plate 46 and the support claw 45 to fall to their original position.

[0103] The assembly base 32 is moved above the cylinder head 57 by the conveying mechanism 31, and the gripping mechanism 34 is moved down by the driving device 33 so that the needle gripper 8 and the arc gripper 9 enter the oil injection hole, thereby pressing the O-ring 61 into the oil injection hole of the cylinder head 57.

[0104] In use, the drive motor 10 of the drive device 33 drives the connecting screw 11 to rotate, thereby moving the positioning bracket 67 up and down, and thus moving the gripping mechanism 34 connected to the positioning bracket 67 up and down. Then, by starting the first motor 48 and the second motor 49 of the conveying mechanism 31, the assembly base 32 is moved along the first linear guide rail 52 and the second linear guide rail 53, so that the needle-shaped gripper 8 of the gripping mechanism 34 is outside the O-ring 61 and the arc-shaped gripper 9 is inside the O-ring 61. The gripper moves down until the arc surface of the arc-shaped gripper 9 is directly opposite the O-ring 61. Under the action of the radial cylinder 7, the needle-shaped gripper 8 retracts, and the O-ring 61 is clamped onto the arc-shaped gripper 9. Afterwards, the assembly system... The cylinder head 57 is raised to its original position, and the lifting device 47 drives the top plate 46 and the support claw 45 to descend to their original positions. The first positioning sensor 54 and the second positioning sensor 55 detect the position of the cylinder head 57 and upload the data to the control system. The control system starts the first motor 48 and the second motor 49, drives the first lead screw 50 and the second lead screw 51 to move the assembly base 32 along the first linear guide rail 52 and the second linear guide rail 53 to the position of the injection hole of the cylinder head 57. The drive motor 10 drives the connecting lead screw 11 to rotate, thereby driving the gripping mechanism 34 to move down, driving the needle gripper 8, the arc gripper 9 and the O-ring 61 into the injector hole, and pressing them in until the O-ring 61 reaches the groove of the injection hole and stops.

[0105] Furthermore, the drive device 33 drives the gripping mechanism 34 to move downward, causing the needle-shaped gripper 8 and the arc-shaped gripper 9 to enter the fuel injection hole, thereby pressing the O-ring 61 into the fuel injection hole of the cylinder head 57. Specifically, this includes:

[0106] The radial cylinder 7 drives the needle-shaped gripper 8 to expand outward and move upward, so that the O-ring 61 returns to its original elastic state and springs back to the position of the groove in the hole.

[0107] The radial cylinder 7 drives the needle gripper 8 to retract inward and move downward, entering the interior of the O-ring 61;

[0108] The radial cylinder 7 drives the needle-shaped gripper 8 to open outward and then retract inward. After repeating this process at least twice, the O-ring 61 is completely squeezed into the groove of the fuel injection hole.

[0109] The gripping mechanism 34 is driven to move upward by the drive device 33, and the needle gripper 8 is driven to open and return to its original position by the radial cylinder 7.

[0110] In use, the gripping mechanism 34 moves downward, driving the needle-shaped gripper 8, the arc-shaped gripper 9, and the O-ring 61 into the injector hole. The gripping stops once the O-ring 61 reaches the groove in the injector hole. At this point, the needle-shaped gripper 8, under the action of the radial cylinder 7, completes the following actions: ① The needle-shaped gripper 8 opens and rises, at which point the O-ring 61 returns to its original shape and springs back into the groove inside the hole; ② The needle-shaped gripper 8 retracts and descends into the interior of the O-ring 61; ③ The needle-shaped gripper 8 opens and retracts, repeating the opening-retracting action twice, completely pressing the O-ring 61 into the groove inside the hole. Then, the assembly mechanism rises, and the needle-shaped gripper 8 opens and returns to its original position. Next, the assembly mechanism 3 continues to move until the telephoto lens camera 12 is aligned with the injector hole. The telephoto lens camera 12 is used to take pictures of the injector hole. The first slide cylinder 13 is activated, and the telephoto lens camera 12 moves down to the injector hole to take pictures to check if the O-ring is successfully assembled, and the test photos are transmitted to the control panel. Afterwards, the telephoto lens camera 12 rises back to its original position, the second slide cylinder 15 starts, driving the oil injection pipe 14 to move down to the O-ring 61 placement location to spray lubricating oil. After the oil injection pipe 14 rises back to its original position, the assembly mechanism moves to the right to the loading system. At the same time, the cylinder head positioning mechanism 1 receives a signal, the assembled cylinder head 57 moves forward, the cylinder head positioning mechanism receives the next cylinder head 57, and the infrared photoelectric sensors 41 on both sides in the cylinder head positioning mechanism 1 sense the O-ring 61 again and repeat the above steps to complete the installation of the O-ring 61 in the injector hole groove of the cylinder head 57.

[0111] For any parts not mentioned in this application, existing technologies may be used or referenced.

[0112] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0113] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. An automatic assembly device for O-rings inside injector holes in engine cylinder heads, characterized in that, include: Cylinder head positioning mechanism (1) is used to transport and position cylinder head (57). The feeding mechanism (2) includes a feeding base (21) and a vibrating screen mechanism (22), a stop block mechanism (23) and a lifting mechanism (24) connected to the feeding base (21); the lifting mechanism (24) has a top plate (46) and a lifting device (47), the lifting device (47) can lift the top plate (46) so that the O-ring (61) on the support claw (45) is ejected; the feeding base (21) has an installation cavity, and the feeding base (21) is provided with a slide rail on one side of the installation cavity; the installation cavity is divided into a first installation cavity and a second installation cavity that are connected; the first installation cavity forms an installation position for connecting the support claw (45); A top plate (46) is connected inside the second mounting cavity. The top of the top plate (46) is connected to the bottom of the support claw, and a lifting device (47) is connected to the bottom of the top plate (46). The vibrating screen mechanism (22) is used to sequentially transport multiple O-rings (61) to the mounting position of the stop mechanism (23). The stop mechanism (23) includes a first baffle (42), a second baffle (43), and a baffle cylinder assembly. The mounting position of the stop mechanism (23) has a support claw (45) for connecting the O-rings (61), and the top of the mounting position has an opening and closing baffle assembly. The baffle cylinder assembly includes a first stop and a second stop. The first stop and the first baffle (42) Connection, the second stop is connected to the second baffle (43); the first stop and the second stop can move along the slide rail to drive the first baffle (42) and the second baffle (43) to open and close relative to each other; assembly mechanism (3), the assembly mechanism (3) includes a conveying mechanism (31), an assembly base (32), a driving device (33) and a gripping mechanism (34); the assembly base (32) is movably connected to the conveying mechanism (31); the driving device (33) is connected to the assembly base (32); the gripping mechanism (34) is driven to move by the driving device (33) to grip the O-ring (61) on the support claw (45) and place the O-ring (61) on the support claw (45). 1) Press-fitted into the oil injection hole of the cylinder head (57); The gripping mechanism (34) includes a quick-change disc (6), a radial cylinder (7), a needle gripper (8) and an arc gripper (9); The quick-change disc (6) is connected to the bottom of the drive device (33), and the radial cylinder (7) is connected to the bottom of the quick-change disc (6); Multiple needle grippers (8) are connected to the bottom of the radial cylinder (7) and distributed around the radial cylinder (7), and multiple arc grippers (9) are connected to the bottom of the radial cylinder (7) and distributed around the radial cylinder (7); The circle formed by the multiple arc grippers (9) is located inside the circle formed by the multiple needle grippers (8).

2. The automatic assembly device for O-rings inside injector holes in engine cylinder heads as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting cavity is connected to a positioning boss, which divides the mounting cavity into a first mounting cavity and a second mounting cavity that are connected. The first mounting cavity is set upwards, and the second mounting cavity is set downwards.

3. The automatic assembly device for O-rings inside the injector hole of an engine cylinder head as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The baffle cylinder assembly includes a baffle cylinder (44), a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft, a first stop block, and a second stop block; the cylinder rod of the baffle cylinder (44) is connected to the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft through a connector, the first rotating shaft is connected to the first stop block, and the second rotating shaft is connected to the second stop block.

4. The automatic assembly device for O-rings inside the injector hole of an engine cylinder head as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The vibrating screen mechanism (22) includes a circular vibrating screen (4) and a linear vibrating conveyor (5) connected to each other. The circular vibrating screen (4) can vibrate multiple O-rings (61) inside sequentially from the bottom up into the linear vibrating conveyor channel (5); one end of the linear vibrating conveyor channel (5) can extend to the first mounting cavity.

5. The automatic assembly device for O-rings inside injector holes in engine cylinder heads as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The assembly mechanism (3) also includes a lubrication detection mechanism; The detection lubrication mechanism includes a long-lens camera (12), a first slide cylinder (13), and a second slide cylinder (15); the first slide cylinder (13) and the second slide cylinder (15) are connected to the drive device (33); the long-lens camera (12) is connected to the first slide cylinder (13); the oil injection pipe (14) is connected to the second slide cylinder (15); the long-lens camera (12) can move along the assembly base (32) through the slide cylinder to take pictures of the O-ring (61) to detect whether the assembly is successful.

6. The automatic assembly device for O-rings inside injector holes in engine cylinder heads as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a gripper positioning device; The gripper positioning device includes a bracket (16), a first gripper positioning mechanism (17), a second gripper positioning mechanism (18), a first positioning sensor (54), and a second positioning sensor (55); the first gripper positioning mechanism (17) is connected to the bracket (16) via a first tray, and the second gripper positioning mechanism (18) is connected to the bracket (16) via a second tray; the first positioning sensor (54) is connected to one side of the bracket (16) corresponding to the first tray, and the second positioning sensor (55) is connected to the second tray.

7. An automatic assembly method for O-rings inside injector holes in engine cylinder heads, based on the automatic assembly device for O-rings inside injector holes in engine cylinder heads according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The specific steps include: S1: The assembly base (32) is moved above the mounting position of the stop mechanism (23) by the conveying mechanism (31); S2: The cylinder head positioning mechanism (1) transports the cylinder head (57) to the designated position; S3: The vibrating screen mechanism (22) moves the O-ring (61) into the support claw (45) of the mounting position of the stop block mechanism (23), the baffle assembly opens, and the lifting device (47) lifts the top rod to push the support claw (45) up so that the O-ring (61) on the support claw (45) is pushed out. S4: The drive unit (33) drives the gripping mechanism (34) to move downward, so that the gripping mechanism (34) grabs the O-ring (61) and presses it into the oil injection hole of the cylinder head (57).

8. The automatic assembly method for O-rings inside injector holes in engine cylinder heads as described in claim 7, characterized in that, In step S4, the drive device (33) of the assembly mechanism (3) drives the gripping mechanism (34) to move downward, so that the gripping mechanism (34) grips the O-ring (61) and presses it into the oil injection hole of the cylinder head (57), specifically including: The drive unit (33) drives the gripping mechanism (34) to move toward the support claw (45), so that the needle-shaped gripper (8) is clamped on the outside of the O-ring (61) and the arc-shaped gripper (9) is clamped on the inside of the O-ring (61); The radial cylinder (7) of the gripping mechanism (34) drives the needle gripper (8) to retract inward, so that the O-ring (61) is clamped on the arc gripper (9); The drive device (33) drives the gripping mechanism (34) to rise to its original position, and the lifting device (47) drives the top plate (46) and the support claw (45) to fall to their original positions; The assembly base (32) is moved above the cylinder head (57) by the conveying mechanism (31), and the gripping mechanism (34) is moved down by the driving device (33) so that the needle gripper (8) and the arc gripper (9) enter the oil injection hole, so that the O-ring (61) is pressed into the oil injection hole of the cylinder head (57).

9. The automatic assembly method for O-rings inside injector holes in engine cylinder heads as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The driving device (33) drives the gripping mechanism (34) to move downward, causing the needle-shaped gripper (8) and the arc-shaped gripper (9) to enter the oil injection hole, thereby pressing the O-ring (61) into the oil injection hole of the cylinder head (57), specifically including: The radial cylinder (7) drives the needle-shaped gripper (8) to expand outward and move upward, so that the O-ring (61) returns to its original elastic state and springs back to the position of the groove in the hole; The needle gripper (8) is driven by the radial cylinder (7) to retract inward and move downward, entering the interior of the O-ring (61); The needle gripper (8) is driven by the radial cylinder (7) to open outward and then retract inward, and after the cycle is repeated at least twice, the O-ring (61) is completely squeezed into the groove of the oil injection hole; The gripping mechanism (34) is driven to move upward by the drive device (33), and the needle gripper (8) is driven to open and return to its original position by the radial cylinder (7).

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