Method for dumping rock transportation of hillside strip mine

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for rock discharge and transportation of a hillside open-pit mine, belongs to the technical field of hillside open-pit mine mining, and solves the problems of long rock discharge and transportation distance, low rock discharge operation efficiency and high production cost in the hillside open-pit mine step mining process. Transportation channels used in the method comprise an open-pit mining step, a working side, a dumping site, a rock dumping transportation channel, shovel loading equipment, transportation equipment, a rock muck pile and an ore muck pile. During hillside strip mine step mining, continuous linear mining is conducted firstly, and then slope expanding is conducted towards the east side and the west side; the rock discharging transportation channel is exploded and pushed to the mine and rock boundary line from the lower step, and exploded and excavated along the mine and rock boundary line to the soil discharging unloading platform where the upper step is located in the projection range direction of the lower step; and a rock discharging transportation channel is formed. According to the invention, the rock discharge transportation distance is greatly shortened, and the rock discharge operation efficiency is improved; transport equipment can be prevented from moving upwards in a heavy-load mode to discharge rocks through the connection cutting, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of hillside open-pit mining, and particularly relates to a method for rock removal and transportation in hillside open-pit mining. BACKGROUND

[0002] According to the occurrence conditions of ore bodies and the terrain and topography, the hillside open-pit mine adopts a mining method of top-down, middle mining, and two-side slope expansion. In the production process, the mine generally sets the dump in a position where the rock mass is relatively thick and sets the ore distribution chute on the ore body in the middle of the mining area. When bench mining, the middle is blasted and mined from north to south along the direction of the chute, forming an upper bench and a lower bench, and the east and west sides of the lower bench form an east working slope and a west working slope, respectively. In order to facilitate ore transportation, the mine generally sets a connecting road cut on the side of the working slope close to the ore distribution chute, and the ore produced in the bench mining process is transported to the ore distribution chute through the connecting road cut, and the rock is transported to the rock unloading platform through the connecting road cut and discarded to the dump.

[0003] However, as the lower bench mining operation continues to advance, the transportation distance of rock removal increases, resulting in a gradual decrease in rock removal operation efficiency; at the same time, the long-term heavy load of the transportation equipment passing through the connecting road cut not only increases fuel consumption, but also aggravates equipment wear and tear, resulting in a continuous increase in mining production costs. Therefore, it has become a technical problem to be solved in the current hillside open-pit mining field to invent a hillside open-pit mine rock removal and transportation method that can shorten the rock removal transportation distance, improve the operation efficiency, and reduce the production cost. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a method for rock removal and transportation in hillside open-pit mining to solve the problems of long rock removal transportation distance, low rock removal operation efficiency, and high production cost in the process of bench mining in hillside open-pit mining.

[0005] The technical solution of the present application is: a method for rock removal and transportation in hillside open-pit mining, the method is implemented relying on a transportation channel, the transportation channel includes an open-pit mining bench, a working slope, a dump, and a rock removal and transportation channel, the open-pit mining bench includes an upper bench and a lower bench, a north ore-rock boundary is provided in the north part, and ore bodies and rock bodies are provided on the south and north sides of the ore-rock boundary, respectively, two ore distribution chutes are provided in the middle of the open-pit mining bench, and an east mining boundary and a west mining boundary are provided on the east and west sides of the two ore distribution chutes; the working slope includes an east working slope and a west working slope, the east working slope is provided on the east side of the lower bench, the west working slope is provided on the west side of the lower bench, a connecting road cut is provided on the north side of the east working slope, and a rock removal road cut is provided on the north side of the west working slope; the dump includes a dump unloading platform and is provided between the west mining boundary and the west working slope; the rock removal and transportation channel is provided on the south side of the ore-rock boundary; the transportation channel further includes a shovel loading device, a transportation device, a rock blast pile, and an ore blast pile. The method further comprises the following steps: Step one: in the benching process of the hillside open pit, first continuously and linearly mine along the direction of the nearest ore distribution chute, and then expand to the east and west to the eastern mining boundary line and the western mining boundary line; Step two: the rock removal and transportation channel is the mining and excavation of the lower bench to the ore-rock boundary line, and after exceeding the minimum operation range diameter of one shovel and transportation equipment, the rock removal and transportation channel is excavated along the ore-rock boundary line to the projection range direction of the dump unloading platform of the upper bench on the south side of the ore-rock boundary line. Step three: a rock removal trench is arranged at the ore-rock boundary line when the rock removal and transportation channel is excavated to the ore-rock boundary line, which is used for rock pile removal after the rock removal and transportation channel is excavated to the rock mass; when the dump unloading platform of the lower bench gradually forms and has the rock removal condition, the rock removal trench is removed, which is used for finally forming the rock removal and transportation channel.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present application, the benching mining and excavation and the rock removal and transportation channel excavation can be carried out simultaneously, and the equipment in each region has a safe operation distance and does not interfere with each other.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present application, the minimum width of the excavation is the minimum operation range diameter of the shovel and transportation equipment.

[0008] Considering the occurrence conditions of the ore body and the rock mass of the hillside open pit, the setting positions of the dump and the ore distribution chute, and the mining economy, combined with the minimum operation range parameters of the shovel and transportation equipment, it is determined that only the transportation distance of the transportation equipment for rock pile removal is maximally shortened, the rock pile removal operation efficiency can be improved, and the production cost can be reduced.

[0009] Therefore, in the benching process of the hillside open pit, the ore body is excavated from the middle by north to south along the direction of the chute, to form the upper bench and the lower bench, and the east working slope and the west working slope are formed on the east side and the west side of the lower bench, respectively. The contact trench is arranged on the north side of the east working slope, and the shovel and transportation equipment will transport the ore pile to the two ore distribution chutes through the contact trench and the upper bench, and transport the rock pile to the dump unloading platform through the contact trench and the upper bench.

[0010] After the lower bench is excavated to the ore-rock boundary line and exceeds the minimum operation range diameter of one shovel and transportation equipment, first, the measurement technician sets out the ore-rock boundary line on the west working slope, and the blasting technician excavates the rock removal and transportation channel along the ore-rock boundary line to the direction of the dump unloading platform on the ore body with the minimum operation range diameter of the shovel and transportation equipment as the excavation width.

[0011] Secondly, when the rock removal transport channel is excavated to the boundary between the ore and rock, a rock removal trench is set on the north side of the western working slope, and the blasting technician continues to excavate along the boundary between the ore and rock on the north side of the rock removal trench, and the rock muck is transported to the rock dumping unloading platform through the rock removal trench and the upper step, and then is dumped to the rock dumping site.

[0012] Finally, the survey technician projects the upper step rock dumping unloading platform to the lower step, and gradually forms a new rock dumping unloading platform on the lower step as the rock blasting advances, and when the lower step has the rock removal condition, the rock removal trench is removed, and then a rock removal transport channel is formed.

[0013] After the rock removal transport channel is formed, the rock muck produced in the process of excavating in the middle of the lower step or expanding the slope on both sides can be transported to the rock dumping unloading platform through the rock removal transport channel at a short distance and on the same level, and then is dumped to the rock dumping site, which avoids the transportation equipment carrying heavy loads up through the connecting trench, and then bypasses the upper step to dump, improves the rock dumping operation efficiency, and reduces the production cost.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: In the process of bench mining in the hillside open-pit mine, the rock is excavated from the middle to the south along the direction of the draw shaft, forming an upper step and a lower step, and the east and west sides of the lower step form an eastern working slope and a western working slope, respectively, a connecting trench is set on the north side of the eastern working slope, and the rock muck is transported to the rock dumping unloading platform through the connecting trench and the upper step, and then is dumped to the rock dumping site; when the lower step mining advances to the ore body, the rock muck is transported to the two ore-distributing draw shafts through the connecting trench and the upper step; when the lower step mining advances to the boundary between the ore and rock, and then exceeds the diameter of the minimum operation range of the shovel and transportation equipment, the survey technician sets out the boundary between the ore and rock on the spot in the western working slope, the blasting technician excavates along the boundary between the ore and rock to the rock dumping unloading platform, the rock muck is transported to the rock dumping unloading platform through the rock removal trench and the upper step, and then is dumped to the rock dumping site; the survey technician projects the upper step rock dumping unloading platform to the lower step, and gradually forms a new rock dumping unloading platform on the lower step as the rock blasting advances, and when the lower step has the rock removal condition, the rock removal trench is removed, and then a rock removal transport channel is formed.

[0015] The present application aims to provide a rock removal transport method for hillside open-pit mines, which can greatly shorten the rock dumping transport distance in the process of bench mining in hillside open-pit mines, improve the rock dumping operation efficiency, and at the same time, avoid the transportation equipment carrying heavy loads up through the connecting trench, reduce the production cost, and solve the problems in the prior art. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Fig. 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Fig. 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the specific operation of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1-Open-pit mining bench; 101-Upper bench; 102-Lower bench; 103-Mineral / rock boundary line; 104-Ore body; 105-Rock body; 106-Mine pass; 107-Eastern mining boundary line; 108-Western mining boundary line; 2-Working side; 201-Eastern working side; 202-Western working side; 203-Connecting road cut; 204-Roller road cut; 3-Roller dump; 301-Unloading platform; 4-Roller transport channel; 5-Loading equipment; 6-Transportation equipment; 7-Rock blasting pile; 8-Ore blasting pile. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] like Figs. 1-2 As shown, a method for transporting waste rock in an open-pit mine on a hillside is described. The method utilizes a transport channel, which includes an open-pit mining bench 1, a working platform 2, a waste dump 3, and a waste rock transport channel 4. The open-pit mining bench 1 includes an upper bench 101 and a lower bench 102. A mineral-rock boundary line 103 is located in the north. Ore bodies 104 and rock bodies 105 are located to the south and north of the mineral-rock boundary line 103, respectively. Two ore-mixing chutes 106 are located in the middle of the open-pit mining bench 1. Eastern mining boundary lines 107 and western mining boundary lines 108 are located to the east and west of the two ore-mixing chutes 106, respectively. The working platform 2 is packaged with... The project includes an eastern working platform 201 and a western working platform 202. The eastern working platform 201 is located on the east side of the lower bench 102, and the western working platform 202 is located on the west side of the lower bench 102. A connecting road cut 203 is located on the north side of the eastern working platform 201, and a rock dumping road cut 204 is located on the north side of the western working platform 202. The spoil heap 3 includes a spoil unloading platform 301, which is located between the western mining boundary line 108 and the western working platform 202. The rock dumping transport channel 4 is located on the south side of the ore-rock boundary line 103. The transport channel also includes a loading device 5, a transport device 6, a rock blasting pile 7, and an ore blasting pile 8. This method also includes the following steps: Step 1: During the mining of the open-pit mine bench 1 on the hillside, from north to south, first continue straight mining along the direction of the nearest ore pass 106, and then expand to the east and west sides to the eastern mining boundary 107 and the western mining boundary 108. Step two: the rock transport channel 4 is excavated to the rock boundary line 103, and after exceeding the minimum working range diameter of the shovel equipment 5 and the transport equipment 6, the rock transport channel 4 is excavated to the projection range direction of the dump unloading platform 301 of the upper bench 101 on the south side of the rock boundary line 103. Step three: when the rock transport channel 4 is excavated to the rock boundary line 103, the rock cutting 204 is set up for the rock transport channel 4 to excavate to the rock pile 7 for rock dumping after the rock is excavated; when the dump unloading platform 301 of the lower bench 102 gradually forms the rock cutting 204, the rock cutting 204 is removed for the final formation of the rock transport channel 4.

[0020] The bench 1 of the hillside open-pit mine and the rock transport channel 4 can be excavated at the same time, and each area of the equipment has a safe working distance and does not interfere with each other. The minimum width of excavation is the minimum working range diameter of the shovel equipment 5 and the transport equipment 6.

[0021] Example 1, The transport channel used in this embodiment includes an open-pit mining bench 1, a working slope 2, a dump 3, a rock transport channel 4, a shovel equipment 5, a transport equipment 6, a rock pile 7, and an ore pile 8. The open-pit mining bench 1 includes an upper bench 101 and a lower bench 102, a north rock boundary line 103, a south ore body 104 and a north rock body 105 on the south and north sides of the rock boundary line 103, two ore distribution chutes 106 in the middle, an east mining boundary line 107 and a west mining boundary line 108 on the east and west sides of the two ore distribution chutes 106; the working slope 2 includes an east working slope 201 and a west working slope 202, the east working slope 201 is arranged on the east side of the lower bench 102, the west working slope 202 is arranged on the west side of the lower bench 102, a connecting cutting 203 is arranged on the north side of the east working slope 201, and a rock cutting 204 is arranged on the north side of the west working slope; the dump 3 includes a dump unloading platform 301 arranged between the west mining boundary line 108 and the west working slope 202; the rock transport channel 4 is arranged on the south side of the rock boundary line 103.

[0022] The rock discharge transport channel 4 is blasted and excavated in the direction of the projection range of the dump unloading platform 301 where the upper bench 101 is located on the south side of the ore-rock boundary line 103 after the lower bench mining advances to the ore-rock boundary line 103 and exceeds the minimum operation range diameter of the shovel loading equipment 5 and the transport equipment 6. The minimum width of the blasting and excavation is the minimum operation range diameter of the shovel loading equipment 5 and the transport equipment 6. The rock discharge cut 204 is arranged when the rock discharge transport channel 4 is excavated to the ore-rock boundary line 103. The rock discharge cut 204 is removed when the dump unloading platform 301 is gradually formed in the lower bench and the rock discharge condition is met. The rock blast pile 7 is generated after the blasting technician performs blasting on the rock mass. The ore blast pile 8 is generated after the blasting technician performs blasting on the ore body.

[0023] In combination with the minimum operation range parameters of the shovel loading equipment 5 and the transport equipment 6, it is determined that only the maximum shortening of the transport distance of the transport equipment 6 for discharging rock can improve the rock discharge operation efficiency and reduce the production cost by comprehensively considering the occurrence conditions of the ore body 104 and the rock mass 105 of the hillside open pit mine, the arrangement positions of the dump 3 and the ore distribution chute 106, and the mining economy. Therefore, in the process of bench mining of the hillside open pit mine, the upper bench 101 and the lower bench 102 are formed by blasting and excavating from the middle in the direction of the nearest ore distribution chute 106 from north to south. The east working slope 201 and the west working slope 202 are respectively formed on the east side and the west side of the lower bench 101. The communication cut 203 is arranged on the north side of the east working slope 201. In the process of lower bench excavation, the shovel loading equipment 5 and the transport equipment 6 transport the ore blast pile 8 to the two ore distribution chutes 106 through the communication cut 203 and the upper bench 101. The rock blast pile 7 is transported to the dump unloading platform 301 through the communication cut 203 and around the upper bench 101 and is discharged to the dump 3.

[0024] After the lower bench 102 advances to the ore-rock boundary line 103 and exceeds the minimum operation range diameter of the shovel loading equipment 5 and the transport equipment 6, the ore-rock boundary line 103 is fielded on the west working slope 202 by the measurement technician. The blasting technician starts to blast and excavate the rock discharge transport channel 4 on the ore body 104 in the direction of the dump unloading platform 301 along the ore-rock boundary line 103 with the minimum operation range diameter of the shovel loading equipment and the transport equipment 6 as the blasting and excavation width.

[0025] When the rock discharge transport channel 4 is excavated to the ore-rock boundary line 103, the rock discharge cut 204 is arranged on the north side of the west working slope 202. The blasting technician continues to blast and excavate on the rock mass 105 in the direction of the dump unloading platform 301 on the north side of the rock discharge cut 204 along the ore-rock boundary line 106. The shovel loading equipment 5 and the transport equipment 6 transport the rock blast pile 7 to the dump unloading platform 301 through the rock discharge cut 204 and the upper bench 101 and discharge it to the dump 3.

[0026] The measuring technician projects the dump unloading platform 301 on the upper bench 101 to the lower bench 102. As the rock mass 105 is blasted and advanced, new dump unloading platforms 301 are gradually formed on the lower bench 102. When the lower bench 102 has the conditions for rock dumping, the rock dumping trench 204 is removed, the passage is widened, and the rock dumping and transportation passage 4 is fully formed.

[0027] After the rock dumping and transportation passage 4 is formed, the middle mining of the lower bench 102, the east working slope 201 expanding to the east mining boundary line 107, and the west working slope 202 expanding to the west mining boundary line 108, until the end of the bench 1 mining, the rock muck pile 7 produced can be transported to the new dump unloading platform 301 for dumping to the dump 3 at a short distance and the same level, avoiding the transportation equipment 6 carrying the heavy rock up through the connecting trench 203 and then detouring to the upper bench 101 for dumping, improving the rock dumping operation efficiency and reducing the production cost.

Claims

1. A method for transporting rock dumps in open-pit mines on hillsides, characterized in that: The method is implemented based on a transportation channel, which includes an open-pit mining bench (1), a working wall (2), a spoil heap (3), and a rock dump transportation channel (4). The open-pit mining bench (1) includes an upper bench (101) and a lower bench (102). A mineral-rock boundary line (103) is provided in the north. Mineral bodies (104) and rock bodies (105) are respectively located on the south and north sides of the mineral-rock boundary line (103). Two ore-mixing chutes (106) are provided in the middle of the open-pit mining bench (1). An eastern mining boundary line (107) and a western mining boundary line (108) are respectively provided on the east and west sides of the two ore-mixing chutes (106). The working wall (2) includes an eastern working wall (201). The western working group (202) and the eastern working group (201) are located on the east side of the lower step (102), the western working group (202) is located on the west side of the lower step (102), the eastern working group (201) has a connecting road cut (203) on the north side, and the western working group (202) has a rock dumping road cut (204) on the north side; the spoil dump (3) includes a spoil unloading platform (301), which is located between the western mining boundary line (108) and the western working group (202); the rock dumping transport channel (4) is located on the south side of the mine and rock boundary line (103); the transport channel also includes loading equipment (5), transport equipment (6), rock blasting pile (7), and ore blasting pile (8); This method also includes the following steps: Step 1: During the mining process of the open-pit mine bench on the hillside (1), from north to south, first continue straight mining along the direction of the nearest ore pass (106), and then expand to the east and west sides to the eastern mining boundary line (107) and the western mining boundary line (108). Step 2: The rock dumping and transportation channel (4) is the lower bench (102) mining and advancing to the mine-rock boundary line (103). After exceeding the minimum working range diameter of one shovel loading equipment (5) and transportation equipment (6), on the south side of the mine-rock boundary line (103), the soil dumping and unloading platform (301) where the upper bench (101) is located is blasted and excavated in the direction of the projection range of the lower bench (102) along the mine-rock boundary line (103). Step 3: When the rock dumping transport channel (4) is excavated to the boundary line between the mine and the rock (103), a rock dumping road cut (204) is set up for the rock dumping transport channel (4) to be dumped after the rock is excavated to the rock mass (7); when the soil dumping unloading platform (301) is gradually formed on the lower step (102) and the conditions for rock dumping are met, the rock dumping road cut (204) is demolished to finally form the rock dumping transport channel (4).

2. The method for transporting rock dumps in open-pit mines on hillsides according to claim 1, characterized in that: The open-pit mine steps on the hillside (1) mining and excavation and rock dumping transportation channel (4) mining can be carried out simultaneously, and the equipment in each area has a safe working distance and does not interfere with each other.

3. The method for transporting rock dumps in open-pit mines on hillsides according to claim 1, characterized in that: The minimum width of the excavation is the diameter of the minimum working range of the loading equipment (5) and the transportation equipment (6).

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