Primary-secondary co-rotating type ceramic ultra-high-speed engine and power output method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of internal combustion engines, and particularly discloses a primary-secondary co-rotating engine. The engine aims at solving the problems that a traditional piston engine is complex in structure and low in energy conversion efficiency, and an existing rotary engine is poor in transmission reliability and insufficient in sealing performance. The engine mainly adopts a connecting-rod-free and crankshaft-free design, and the core of the engine comprises a co-rotation gear transmission system consisting of a main gear, a sub-gear and an auxiliary gear, and a double-injection slip sheet oil gas compression mechanism arranged in a cylinder of the auxiliary gear. In the working process, the power driving head on the power rotating disc and the groove in the bottom of the auxiliary gear are controlled to be periodically matched and separated through gear meshing, so that a closed space is formed in the combustion chamber, and four-stroke circulation of air inlet, compression, acting and exhaust is sequentially completed. The motor has the advantages of being compact in structure, efficient in transmission, good in sealing performance, resistant to high temperature, low in vibration noise and the like, and is suitable for wide scenes with high requirements for power density and efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of internal combustion engine technology, and in particular to a rotary engine employing a common gear transmission system and a connecting rod-less and crankshaft-less structure. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional piston engines rely on a crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism to convert the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotational motion. This structure suffers from numerous moving parts, high mechanical losses, significant vibration, and limited speed. While the Wankel rotary engine has a compact structure, it suffers from poor sealing, high fuel consumption, and insufficient durability. Furthermore, there exists a type of rotary engine known as the "cat and mouse" type, which uses a pair of meshing rotor discs whose relative movement is controlled by non-circular gears to form a combustion chamber and complete the working cycle. However, this type of engine suffers from uneven torque distribution due to non-circular gear transmission, leading to gear stress concentration, severe wear, and compromised combustion chamber sealing reliability, making it difficult to implement in practical applications. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new engine structure that can effectively solve the problems of reliability and sealing of its transmission mechanism while retaining the advantages of high power density of rotary engines. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mother-daughter co-rotating engine to solve the problems of easy wear and poor sealing in the gear transmission system of existing rotary engines, as well as the complex structure, large size, and low energy conversion efficiency of traditional engines. Technical solution

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A mother-daughter co-rotating engine includes a casing, a power output system, a gear transmission system, a combustion system (including a dual-slipper oil-gas compression mechanism), a cooling system, and a lubrication system. The housing includes a metal base, a bottom coolant storage chamber, and an upper coolant storage and fixing chamber. The power output system includes a power output shaft and a high-temperature resistant metal power turntable integrally formed with the power output shaft. Multiple curved, semi-sectioned high-temperature resistant metal power drive heads are symmetrically distributed on the power turntable. Each drive head has an airtight compensation ring at its tail, similar to a piston ring. Its operation requires a power cover plate for support, which integrates a ceramic curved, semi-sectioned U-shaped tube. The outer wall of this ceramic semi-sectioned U-shaped tube has an integrally formed protrusion, which is fixed and cooled to the ceramic curved, semi-sectioned U-shaped tube by molten aluminum alloy, forming a ceramic-metal bonded structure. The gear transmission system (i.e., the closed combustion chamber forming system) includes a main gear fixed to the power output shaft, a sub-gear meshing with the main gear, and a secondary gear meshing with the sub-gear. The main gear is mounted on the power shaft via a keyway and connected to a thrust ball bearing, covering the vane compression cover plate. The sub-gear is mounted on the oil-gas compression cover plate via a thrust ball bearing, meshing with the main gear and the secondary gear. The secondary gear is mounted on the vane compression cover plate via a thrust ball bearing, with its lower column passing through a pre-drilled end hole. The top gear meshes with the sub-gear. The bottom of the secondary gear column has a groove for engaging with the power drive head. When the groove transitions with the power head, a closed combustion chamber is formed. Two slots are pre-drilled in the middle of the column for mounting the vane oil-gas compression metal block and the push spring. The combustion system includes a dual-slot oil-gas compression mechanism consisting of two slots located in the middle of the auxiliary gear cylinder, and a combustion chamber with spark plugs installed inside the outer wall of the power turntable cover. The dual-slot oil-gas compression mechanism is made of two high-strength wear-resistant metal plates. The front end of each plate, which contacts the inner wall of the compression chamber, is composed of two rolling bearings with a diameter equal to the thickness of the plate, which helps to reduce the severe friction under high-speed rotation. The cooling system includes a cooling chamber located in a metal base below the power turntable and a cooling chamber located on the top fixed cover plate of the gear connection, for storing coolant. The lubrication system includes a main gear, sub-gear, and auxiliary gear fixed chamber located on the compression chamber cover plate and the upper coolant storage fixed chamber, as well as a reserved volume chamber. The lubricating oil in this chamber can be led to each bearing through drilled pipes in each cover plate. Beneficial effects

[0005] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: 1. High-efficiency transmission: The traditional crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism are eliminated, and the combustion driving force is directly converted into rotational motion through the "mother and daughter rotating" gear system, reducing the loss of energy in the transmission process. 2. Good sealing performance: The air-sealing compensation ring at the front and rear of the power drive and the column integrally formed with the auxiliary gear together ensure the airtightness of the combustion chamber, which helps to reduce heat loss. III. High Temperature Resistance and Heat Dissipation: The ceramic-metal composite structure of the cover plate and the multi-cooling chamber design enable the engine to adapt to the extreme high temperature environment generated by ultra-high speed operation, thereby improving thermal stability and durability. IV. Compact Structure: All major components are arranged coaxially or around each other, resulting in a compact structure, small size, and high power density. V. Low noise and vibration: Due to the absence of crankshaft and connecting rod mechanisms in the structure, there is no vibration. Only the exhaust gas produces extremely low noise, which greatly benefits the working space of the ceramic semi-section U-tube. VI. Low energy loss: Due to its extremely low coefficient of friction, it can save more energy compared to traditional engines. VII. Simple structure and low manufacturing and maintenance costs: Due to the simple structure and small number of its constituent parts, the manufacturing and maintenance costs are low. 8. Wide range of applications: Due to its compact structure, low energy loss, and high power density, it is applicable to a wider range of scenarios. Attached Figure Description Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure in three-dimensional axial section. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the distribution of components in the axial section of the overall structure. Figure 3 View of a dual-slide vane hydraulic-gas compression mechanism. Figure 4 Engine working cycle timing diagram. Figure 5 View of the power drive head. Figure 6 Overall 3D view of the engine. Labels: Power output shaft [1], transmission keyway [1-1], power turntable [2], power drive head [3], metal airtight compensation ring at the tail of the power drive head [3-1], metal base [4] and bottom coolant storage chamber [5], compression chamber cover plate [6], power turntable cover plate containing ceramic bent half-section U-shaped tube [7], main gear [8], sub-gear [9], auxiliary gear integrating vane compression and bottom reserved groove

[10] , top coolant storage fixed chamber

[11] , double-shot vane oil-gas compression working chamber

[12] Metal slider of double-shot vane compression mechanism [12-1], push spring of metal slider of double-shot vane compression mechanism [12-2], ignition combustion chamber

[13] , thrust ball bearing

[14] , deep groove ball bearing

[15] , spark plug

[16] , lubricant storage chamber

[17] , upper and lower cover plate fixing bolts

[18] , compression cover plate and power turntable cover plate containing ceramic bent half-section U-tube fixing bolts [18-1], transverse bolts [18-2], fuel and air injection [intake] pipe

[19] , combustion exhaust pipe

[20] . Detailed Implementation The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are used to further illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1: Engine Assembly Core component manufacturing: The power output shaft [1], power turntable [2], and high-temperature resistant power drive head [3] are made of nickel-based high-temperature alloys (such as Inconel). 718) The whole is precision cast or CNC machined and the key surfaces are coated with tungsten carbide to enhance wear resistance and high temperature resistance; the metal airtight compensation ring of the power drive head and tail [3-1] is made of two rings nested in the power drive head and tail, and the material used is the same as that used in the current conventional engine; the metal base [4] and the bottom coolant storage chamber [5] bear part of the torque generated by the internal fixation and coolant storage, and can be made of high-strength aluminum alloy; the compression chamber cover plate [6] bears the large internal torque of the engine and the expansion and contraction pressure generated by the vane compression chamber, and the working environment temperature of its location is high, so the cover plate should be made of high-strength high-temperature resistant steel; the power turntable cover plate [7] containing ceramic bent half-section U-shaped tube is made of reaction sintered silicon carbide ceramic, and its outer wall protrusion structure is integrally formed during ceramic sintering, and then the sintered ceramic bent half-section U-shaped tube is placed in the mold and molten high-strength aluminum alloy [such as 7075 alloy] is injected. The aluminum alloy melt is injected into the protruding gap of the ceramic outer wall through the casting process. After cooling, it forms a solid bond and is then precision machined by various precision machines. The auxiliary gear

[10] , which integrates the sliding vane compression slot and the bottom reserved groove, is an important component of the closed combustion chamber and compression mechanism. Due to the high working environment temperature, the whole gear must be made of high-strength wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant metal. The auxiliary gear undertakes the function of closing the combustion working chamber and driving the two metal sliders in the double-shot sliding vane oil-gas compression mechanism to compress the oil-gas mixture. The surface of the sliding vane oil-gas compression working chamber

[12] can be nested with high wear-resistant metal sheets to improve its wear resistance. The metal slider [12-1] of the sliding vane compression mechanism must be made of high-strength wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant metal. The front end of the slider is equipped with two rolling bearings to reduce friction with the inner wall of the compression chamber. The sliding vane compression mechanism metal slider push spring [12-2] is placed at the tail of the metal slider and pushed into the bottom of the column reserved groove. It must be made of high-temperature resistant spring steel. The circumference of the main gear [8] is equal to the circumference of the secondary gear

[10] which integrates the vane compression and the bottom pre-reserved groove, and is also equal to the sector circumference of the power turntable A--B. Positions C and D on the inner wall of the double-shot vane compression mechanism are the maximum volume of the mechanism. When the two vane compression mechanism metal vanes [12-1] reach this position, the maximum vacuum suction will be generated instantly. At this time, the fuel and air mixture entering the fuel-air mixture at point D in the fuel-air mixture injection (intake) pipe

[19] has the best atomization effect. Positions E and F on the inner wall of the double-shot vane compression mechanism are the minimum volume of the mechanism. When the two vane compression mechanism metal vanes [12-1] reach this position, the injected (intake) fuel and air will be compressed to the maximum instantaneous value. At this time, the fuel and air are injected into the pre-reserved passage leading to the ignition combustion chamber

[13] at point E. At this time, the spark plug

[16] does work and ignites the mixture and then explodes. Assembly process: 1. Install the power drive head [3] onto the power turntable [2] which is integrated with the power output shaft [1] by means of fixing screw [3-2]. 2. The power turntable cover plate [7] is connected to the power output shaft [1] and the power turntable [2] by a thrust ball bearing and a deep groove ball bearing. 3. The metal base [4] and the bottom coolant storage chamber [5] are connected and installed on the power output shaft [1] and the power turntable [2] by means of thrust ball bearing

[14] and deep groove ball bearing

[15] . 4. The auxiliary gear

[10] is connected and installed on the compression chamber cover plate [6] through a thrust ball bearing to ensure accurate positioning and reduce friction. 5. Insert the metal slide [12-1] and the metal slide push spring [12-2] of the slide compression mechanism in the double-shot slide compression mechanism into the reserved slot of the auxiliary gear

[10] so as to facilitate the assembly of the oil and gas compression working chamber. 6. The entire set of auxiliary gears

[10] with metal slides [12-1] and metal slide push springs [12-2] is connected to the compression chamber cover plate [6] with a deep groove ball bearing and installed on the power output shaft [1]. It is installed above the power turntable cover plate [7] containing ceramic curved half-section U-shaped tube by (compression cover plate and power turntable cover plate fixing bolts [18-1]). It forms a sealed space with the power turntable cover plate [7] containing ceramic curved half-section U-shaped tube and the reserved double-shot slide oil-gas compression mechanism working chamber

[12] . 7. Install the main gear [8] and the thrust ball bearing onto the fixed groove of the power output shaft [1] and the compression chamber cover plate [6] through the transmission keyway [1-1] reserved on the power output shaft [1]. 8. Connect and install the sub-gear [9] to the pre-reserved fixing slot on the compression chamber cover plate [6] via a thrust ball bearing. 9. The upper coolant storage fixed chamber

[11] fixed plate is connected to the power output shaft [1] by a thrust ball bearing and a deep groove ball bearing through the reserved fixed groove. It is covered and fixed on the top of the main gear [8], the slave gear [9], the auxiliary gear

[10] which integrates the sliding vane compression and the reserved groove at the bottom. 10. Finally, install the combustion chamber assembly spark plug

[16] and fuel and air injection [intake] pipe

[19] , and combustion exhaust pipe

[20] . Example 2: Engine Working Process Start-up: An external starter motor drives the power output shaft [1] and the power turntable [2] to rotate. The power output shaft [1] drives the main gear [8] to mesh and drive the sub-gear [9] to mesh and drive the auxiliary gear

[10] which is integrated with the sliding vane compression and the bottom reserved groove. This causes the double-shot sliding vane oil-gas compression mechanism to do its first work, compressing the oil and gas and injecting it into the ignition combustion chamber

[13] . The spark plug

[16] ignites and causes the explosion to drive the power drive head [3] to do work, pushing the power turntable [2] and driving the power output shaft [1] to do work in a cycle. Exhaust and circulation: The power drive head [3] that has completed its work enters the combustion exhaust pipe

[20] through the exhaust port under the action of inertia. At this time, the subsequent power drive head [3] has entered the next working cycle, thereby realizing continuous power output. Example 3: Alternative solutions for key technologies Material substitution: High-temperature resistant ceramic U-shaped semi-sectioned tubes can be replaced with silicon nitride ceramics; the coolant can be a phase change coolant containing nanoparticles to enhance heat exchange. Power configuration: Depending on different power requirements, the number of engines on the same power output shaft can be adjusted to accommodate different torque characteristics.

Claims

1. Claims Scope Statement A mother-daughter co-rotating engine includes a casing, a power output system, a gear transmission system, a combustion system, a cooling system, and a lubrication system, characterized in that: The power output system includes a power output shaft (1) and a power turntable (2) integrally formed therewith, and multiple power drive heads (3) are symmetrically distributed on the power turntable (2). The gear transmission system includes a main gear (8) fixed to the power output shaft (1), a sub-gear (9) meshing with the main gear (8), and a secondary gear (10) meshing with the sub-gear (9). The bottom of the secondary gear (10) is provided with a groove, which is configured to periodically engage and disengage with the power drive head (3) to form and release a closed combustion chamber. The combustion system includes a double-slide vane oil-gas compression mechanism located inside the cylinder of the secondary gear (10), which includes a radially sliding metal slider (12-1) and a push spring (12-2); and the power turntable (2) is covered by a power turntable cover plate (7) integrating a ceramic bent half-section U-tube.

2. The mother-daughter co-rotating engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tail of the power drive head (3) is provided with an airtight compensation ring (3-1).

3. The mother-daughter co-rotating engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal slider (12-1) of the double-shot vane oil-gas compression mechanism is equipped with a rolling bearing at its front end.

4. The mother-daughter co-rotating engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power turntable cover plate (7) is a ceramic-metal composite structure, wherein the outer wall of the ceramic bent half-section U-shaped tube is provided with protrusions and is fixed by molten aluminum alloy.

5. The mother-daughter co-rotating engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main gear (8) is fixed to the power output shaft (1) via the transmission keyway (1-1), and the sub-gear (9) and auxiliary gear (10) are both mounted via thrust ball bearings (14).

6. The mother-daughter co-rotating engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing includes a metal base (4) and a bottom coolant storage chamber (5) inside it, as well as an upper coolant storage fixed chamber (11) located on top of the engine.

7. The mother-daughter co-rotating engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lubrication system includes a lubricant storage chamber (17) located below the compression chamber cover plate (6) and the upper coolant storage fixed chamber (11). Lubricating oil can be delivered to each bearing through the drilled pipe on the cover plate.

8. The mother-daughter co-rotating engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circumference of the main gear (8) is equal to the circumference of the secondary gear (10), and is also equal to the sector circumference of the running trajectory of a single power drive head (3) on the power turntable (2).

9. The mother-daughter co-rotating engine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The working cycle of the engine includes: when the volume of the dual-slip vane compression mechanism chamber is at its maximum, a fuel-air mixture is drawn in through the fuel-air injection pipe (19); when the volume of the chamber is at its minimum, the compressed mixture is injected into the ignition combustion chamber (13) and ignited by the spark plug (16) to do work.

10. A power equipment, characterized in that, It includes at least one set of mother-daughter co-rotating engines as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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