Open type absorption heat pump system and carbon dioxide trapping system coupled with open type absorption heat pump system

Abstract

The invention provides an open type absorption heat pump system and a carbon dioxide trapping system coupled with the open type absorption heat pump system. The open-type absorption heat pump system comprises a gas flow divider, a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, wherein the gas flow divider is used for dividing input moisture-containing gas into a first gas flow and a second gas flow; the absorption module is configured to enable the entering absorbent concentrated solution to be in contact with the entering first air flow so as to absorb moisture in the first air flow and release heat, so that an absorbent dilute solution is generated; the regeneration module is configured to heat the absorbent dilute solution from the absorption module by using heat to obtain a regenerated absorbent concentrated solution and output the regenerated absorbent concentrated solution to the absorption module; and the self-heating module is in fluid communication with the gas flow divider, is in thermal connection with the regeneration module, and is configured to provide heat required by heating for the regeneration module by utilizing the second gas flow shunted by the gas flow divider. Waste heat recovery and gas temperature and humidity cooperative treatment are realized, and the operation cost of the carbon capture system is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat recovery and gas temperature and humidity control technology in carbon capture systems, specifically to an open absorption heat pump system for waste heat recovery and gas temperature and humidity control, and a carbon dioxide capture system coupled with the open absorption heat pump system. Background Technology

[0002] Current carbon capture technologies (such as chemical absorption and membrane separation) generally suffer from high energy consumption, complex equipment, and high operating costs. Furthermore, existing carbon capture systems are limited by waste heat recovery technology, making it difficult to effectively utilize medium- and low-temperature waste heat. Absorption heat pumps, as highly efficient waste heat recovery devices, can drive refrigeration or heating cycles using low-grade heat energy and hold promise for application in the field of carbon capture.

[0003] However, traditional absorption heat pumps, such as lithium bromide type II absorption heat pumps (also known as absorption heat exchangers, or AHTs for short), adopt a closed-loop structure and require components such as evaporators and condensers to complete the heat exchange cycle. Although these traditional absorption heat pumps can achieve waste heat recovery, they have the following problems: (1) Complex structure and high initial investment: Due to the need for evaporators, condensers and supporting pipelines in the closed loop, the system is large in size and expensive. (2) Cannot directly handle air temperature and humidity: Traditional absorption heat pump systems only focus on heat energy recovery and cannot directly interact with the air, making it difficult to apply in scenarios requiring precise humidity control, such as textiles, food processing, and hospitals. (3) Low sensible heat recovery efficiency: Traditional absorption heat pump systems do not recover enough sensible heat from high-temperature waste gas (such as the heat from 120°C to 40-50°C), and do not fully exploit the value of waste heat. (4) Limited latent heat utilization: Relying only on the latent heat exchange of water vapor in the closed loop, it is difficult to directly link with changes in air humidity.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an absorption heat pump system capable of waste heat recovery and coordinated treatment of gas temperature and humidity, and to couple the absorption heat pump system with carbon capture technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, an open-loop absorption heat pump system for waste heat recovery and gas temperature and humidity control is provided, which overcomes or at least partially solves the aforementioned problems, along with a carbon dioxide capture system coupled to the open-loop absorption heat pump system.

[0006] One object of the present invention is to provide an open absorption heat pump system capable of synergistic treatment of waste heat recovery and gas temperature and humidity.

[0007] Another objective of this invention is to reduce system operating costs.

[0008] In particular, according to one aspect of the present invention, an open-loop absorption heat pump system is provided, comprising: A gas splitter has an inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet, and is configured to split the humid gas input from the inlet into a first gas stream and a second gas stream, which are then output through the first outlet and the second outlet, respectively. The absorption module has a gas inlet, a concentrated solution inlet, and a dilute solution outlet connected to a first outlet of a gas splitter. It is configured to allow the concentrated absorbent solution entering through the concentrated solution inlet to contact the first gas flow entering through the gas inlet to absorb moisture in the first gas flow and release heat, thereby producing a dilute absorbent solution. The regeneration module, fluidly connected to both the dilute solution outlet and the concentrated solution inlet of the absorption module, is configured to heat the dilute absorbent solution from the absorption module to obtain a regenerated concentrated absorbent solution, and then output the regenerated concentrated absorbent solution to the concentrated solution inlet of the absorption module; and The self-heating module is fluidly connected to the second outlet of the gas splitter and thermally connected to the regeneration module, and is configured to use the second airflow to provide the heat required for heating the regeneration module.

[0009] Optionally, the absorption module also has a gas outlet in fluid communication with the self-heating module; The absorption module is also configured to output the first stream of air after the moisture is absorbed as a heating stream through the gas outlet to the self-heating module; The self-heating module is also configured to mix the second airflow with the heating airflow to provide the heat required for heating the regeneration module.

[0010] Optionally, the self-heating module includes: A mixer having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet in fluid communication with a second outlet of a gas splitter and a gas outlet of an absorption module, configured to mix the input second gas stream and the heating gas stream to obtain a mixed gas; and A heat exchanger, which is in fluid communication with the fluid output of the mixer and thermally connected to the regeneration module, is configured to cool the mixed gas from the mixer within it to release heat and to provide the released heat to the regeneration module.

[0011] Optionally, the self-heating module also includes: The first gas-liquid separator, which is in fluid communication with the heat exchanger, is configured to perform gas-liquid separation on the cooled mixed gas from the heat exchanger to separate liquid water and gas.

[0012] Optionally, the absorption module includes: An absorption heat exchanger, having a gas inlet, a concentrated solution inlet, and a mixed flow outlet, is configured to spray a concentrated absorbent solution entering through the concentrated solution inlet to contact a first gas stream entering through the gas inlet, thereby absorbing moisture from the first gas stream and releasing heat, thus generating a mixed flow, and outputting the mixed flow through the mixed flow outlet; and The second gas-liquid separator has an inlet that is fluidly connected to the mixed flow outlet of the absorption heat exchanger, a gas outlet that is fluidly connected to the self-heating module, and a dilute solution outlet that is fluidly connected to the regeneration module. It is configured to perform gas-liquid separation on the mixed stream from the absorption heat exchanger to obtain a dilute absorbent solution and a first gas stream after the water has been absorbed.

[0013] Optionally, the regeneration module includes: The generator, thermally connected to the self-heating module, has a dilute solution inlet fluidly connected to the dilute solution outlet of the absorption module, a concentrated solution outlet fluidly connected to the concentrated solution inlet of the absorption module, and a water vapor outlet. It is configured to use the heat provided by the self-heating module to heat the dilute absorbent solution from the absorption module to obtain a regenerated concentrated absorbent solution and water vapor, and output the regenerated concentrated absorbent solution and water vapor through the concentrated solution outlet and water vapor outlet, respectively.

[0014] Optionally, the open absorption heat pump system also includes: A booster pump is installed on the connecting path between the regeneration module and the concentrated solution inlet of the absorption module to pressurize the regenerated absorbent concentrated solution.

[0015] Optionally, the open absorption heat pump system also includes: A throttle valve is installed on the connection path between the regeneration module and the dilute solution outlet of the absorption module to reduce the pressure of the dilute absorbent solution from the absorption module.

[0016] Optionally, the open absorption heat pump system also includes: The lean and rich solution heat exchanger is installed between the booster pump and the concentrated solution inlet of the absorption module, and between the throttle valve and the dilute solution outlet of the absorption module. It is configured to allow heat exchange between the dilute absorbent solution from the absorption module and the regenerated concentrated absorbent solution after pressurization.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present invention, a carbon dioxide capture system is also provided, comprising: The absorption tower is configured to use an absorbent liquid to absorb carbon dioxide from the gas to be treated, obtain a rich liquid, and then output the rich liquid to the desorption tower. The desorption tower is configured to desorb carbon dioxide from the rich solution to obtain lean solution and regeneration gas. The lean solution is then fed to the absorption tower as the regeneration absorbent, and the regeneration gas is output through the regeneration gas outlet of the desorption tower. In the aforementioned open absorption heat pump system, the inlet of the gas splitter is in fluid communication with the regeneration gas outlet of the desorption tower.

[0018] Optionally, the absorption module is thermally connected to the desorption tower, and the absorption module is also configured to provide the released heat to the desorption tower to promote carbon dioxide desorption.

[0019] The open-loop absorption heat pump system provided by this invention uses an absorption module and a regeneration module to circulate the absorbent solution, eliminating complex components such as evaporators and condensers, simplifying the system structure, and thus greatly reducing initial investment costs. In the absorption module of this system, humidified airflow (such as air) directly contacts the absorbent solution, enabling simultaneous dehumidification / humidification and sensible heat recovery within a single system. This allows for coordinated control of waste heat recovery and gas temperature and humidity, making it particularly suitable for humidity-sensitive scenarios. Simultaneously, this system utilizes a gas splitter and a self-heating module to provide the regeneration module with the heat required for absorbent solution regeneration through a second stream of air, achieving internal self-heating, improving waste heat recovery efficiency and utilization, and reducing system operating costs by eliminating the need for external heating.

[0020] Furthermore, the open absorption heat pump system provided by the present invention includes a second gas-liquid separator located downstream of the absorption heat exchanger in the absorption module. The gas outlet of the second gas-liquid separator is fluidly connected to the self-heating module, so that the first gas stream after the absorbed moisture is separated by the second gas-liquid separator can be delivered to the self-heating module and mixed with the second gas stream to provide the heat required for the regeneration of the absorbent solution to the regeneration module, thereby further improving the waste heat recovery efficiency and utilization rate and reducing the system operating cost.

[0021] The carbon dioxide capture system provided by this invention is coupled with the aforementioned open absorption heat pump system. It utilizes the open absorption heat pump system to recover the waste heat of the regenerated gas and performs temperature and humidity co-processing on the regenerated gas, thereby effectively utilizing the medium and low temperature waste heat of the carbon capture system and reducing the operating cost of the carbon capture system.

[0022] Furthermore, the carbon dioxide capture system provided by the present invention provides the heat released by the concentrated absorbent solution in the absorption module absorbing water to the desorption tower to promote the desorption of the rich liquid, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of waste heat and significantly reducing the energy consumption of the carbon capture system.

[0023] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and in order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below.

[0024] The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 A schematic structural block diagram of an open absorption heat pump system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an open absorption heat pump system according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 A schematic structural block diagram of a carbon dioxide capture system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0027] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an open absorption heat pump system 100.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic structural block diagram of an open absorption heat pump system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, wherein solid arrows indicate the direction of material flow and dashed arrows indicate the direction of heat flow. See also Figure 1 As shown, the system 100 generally includes a gas splitter 110, an absorption module 120, a regeneration module 130, and a self-heating module 140.

[0029] The gas splitter 110 has an inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet, and is configured to split the humid gas input from the inlet into a first gas stream and a second gas stream, which are then output through the first outlet and the second outlet, respectively.

[0030] The absorption module 120 has a gas inlet, a concentrated solution inlet, and a dilute solution outlet connected to the first outlet of the gas splitter 110. It is configured to allow the concentrated absorbent solution entering through the concentrated solution inlet to contact the first gas flow entering through the gas inlet to absorb moisture in the first gas flow and release heat, thereby producing a dilute absorbent solution.

[0031] The regeneration module 130 is fluidly connected to the dilute solution outlet and the concentrated solution inlet of the absorption module 120, respectively, and is configured to use heat to heat the dilute absorbent solution from the absorption module 120 to obtain a regenerated concentrated absorbent solution, and output the regenerated concentrated absorbent solution to the concentrated solution inlet of the absorption module 120.

[0032] The self-heating module 140 is in fluid communication with the second outlet of the gas splitter 110 and is thermally connected to the regeneration module 130, configured to use the second airflow to provide the heat required for heating the regeneration module 130.

[0033] The open-loop absorption heat pump system 100 provided in this embodiment of the invention uses an absorption module 120 and a regeneration module 130 to circulate the absorbent solution, eliminating complex components such as evaporators and condensers, simplifying the structure of the system 100, and thus greatly reducing the initial investment cost. In the absorption module 120 of this system 100, humidified airflow (such as air) directly contacts the absorbent solution, enabling simultaneous dehumidification / humidification and sensible heat recovery within a single system 100. This allows for coordinated control of waste heat recovery and gas temperature and humidity, making it particularly suitable for humidity-sensitive scenarios. Simultaneously, this system 100 also utilizes a gas splitter 110 and a self-heating module 140 to provide the regeneration module 130 with the heat required for absorbent solution regeneration through a second stream of airflow, achieving self-heating within the system 100, improving waste heat recovery efficiency and utilization, and reducing the operating cost of the system 100 since no external heating is required.

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an open absorption heat pump system 100 according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown, wherein solid arrows indicate the direction of material flow and dashed arrows indicate the direction of heat flow.

[0035] See Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the absorption module 120 further has a gas outlet in fluid communication with the self-heating module 140, and the absorption module 120 is further configured to output the first stream of gas after absorbing moisture as a heating stream to the self-heating module 140 through the gas outlet. The self-heating module 140 is further configured to mix the second stream of gas with the heating stream to provide the heat required for heating the regeneration module 130.

[0036] In this embodiment, the first stream of air after the moisture is absorbed in the absorption module 120 is used as a heating stream and output to the self-heating module 140 through the gas outlet. After being mixed with the second stream of air, it provides the heat required for the regeneration of the absorbent solution to the regeneration module 130, thereby further improving the waste heat recovery efficiency and utilization rate and reducing the operating cost of the system 100.

[0037] In some embodiments, the self-heating module 140 may include a mixer 141 and a heat exchanger 142 located downstream of the mixer 141.

[0038] The mixer 141 has a fluid input end that is in fluid communication with the second outlet of the gas splitter 110 and the gas outlet of the absorption module 120, and a fluid output end, configured to mix the input second gas flow and the heating gas flow to obtain a mixed gas. The mixed gas is output through the fluid output end.

[0039] The heat exchanger 142 is in fluid communication with the fluid output end of the mixer 141 and is thermally connected to the regeneration module 130, configured to cool the mixed gas from the mixer 141 therein to release heat and provide the released heat to the regeneration module 130.

[0040] In some embodiments, the heat exchanger 142 can be directly built into the regeneration module 130, for example, it can be set in the generator 131 of the regeneration module 130. During the process of the mixed gas flow passing through the heat exchanger 142, it exchanges heat with the dilute absorbent solution to be regenerated in the regeneration module 130.

[0041] In other embodiments, the heat exchanger 142 can be a gas-liquid heat exchanger located outside the regeneration module 130. The dilute absorbent solution to be regenerated in the regeneration module 130 is guided through the heat exchanger 142 to exchange heat with the mixed gas flowing through the heat exchanger 142, and then the dilute absorbent solution to be regenerated is returned to the regeneration module 130.

[0042] In some embodiments, the self-heating module 140 may further include a first gas-liquid separator 143 located downstream of the heat exchanger 142. The first gas-liquid separator 143 is in fluid communication with the heat exchanger 142 and is configured to perform gas-liquid separation on the cooled mixed gas from the heat exchanger 142 to separate liquid water and gas. Specifically, the separated liquid water and gas can be discharged through outlet OUT1 and outlet OUT2 of the first gas-liquid separator 143, respectively.

[0043] By setting up a first gas-liquid separator 143 to separate the cooled mixed gas into gas and liquid, a gas of higher purity can be obtained. For example, when the humid gas is the CO2 regenerated gas obtained during the CO2 capture process, a CO2 gas of higher purity (containing a small amount of water vapor) can be obtained at the outlet OUT2 of the first gas-liquid separator 143.

[0044] In some embodiments, the absorption module 120 may include an absorption heat exchanger 121 and a second gas-liquid separator 122 located downstream of the absorption heat exchanger 121.

[0045] The absorption heat exchanger 121 has a gas inlet, a concentrated solution inlet, and a mixed flow outlet. It is configured to spray the concentrated absorbent solution entering through the concentrated solution inlet to contact the first gas stream entering through the gas inlet, thereby absorbing moisture from the first gas stream and releasing heat, thus generating a mixed flow, which is then output through the mixed flow outlet. It should be noted that, for clarity, Figure 2 The gas inlet and concentrated solution inlet of the absorption heat exchanger 121 are marked separately from the main body of the absorption heat exchanger 121 to indicate that the first gas flow and the concentrated absorbent solution enter the absorption heat exchanger 121 simultaneously.

[0046] The second gas-liquid separator 122 has an inlet fluidly connected to the mixed flow outlet of the absorption heat exchanger 121, a gas outlet fluidly connected to the self-heating module 140, and a dilute solution outlet fluidly connected to the regeneration module 130. It is configured to perform gas-liquid separation on the mixed flow from the absorption heat exchanger 121 to obtain a dilute absorbent solution and a first gas flow after the absorption of moisture. The dilute absorbent solution is output to the regeneration module 130 through the dilute solution outlet, and the first gas flow after the absorption of moisture is output as a heating gas flow to the self-heating module 140 through the gas outlet.

[0047] In some embodiments, the absorption heat exchanger 121 employs a direct-contact absorption chamber, which is equipped with a multi-stage spray device, allowing the concentrated absorbent solution to directly contact the first gas flow. Thus, as the gas flow passes through the absorption chamber, the concentrated absorbent solution absorbs moisture (exchanges latent heat) and releases heat.

[0048] In one specific embodiment, the second gas flow from the gas splitter 110 and the first gas flow after moisture absorption from the second gas-liquid separator 122 enter the mixer 141 from the fluid input end of the mixer 141 to mix and obtain a mixed gas. The mixed gas is then output to the heat exchanger 142 through the fluid output end of the mixer 141.

[0049] In some embodiments, the regeneration module 130 may include a generator 131. The generator 131 is thermally connected to the self-heating module 140 and has a dilute solution inlet in fluid communication with the dilute solution outlet of the absorption module 120, a concentrated solution outlet in fluid communication with the concentrated solution inlet of the absorption module 120, and a water vapor outlet OUT3. It is configured to use heat provided by the self-heating module 140 to heat the dilute absorbent solution from the absorption module 120 to obtain a regenerated concentrated absorbent solution and water vapor, and to output the regenerated concentrated absorbent solution and water vapor through the concentrated solution outlet and water vapor outlet OUT3, respectively. The output water vapor can be further condensed and used for water extraction.

[0050] In some embodiments, the open absorption heat pump system 100 of the present invention may further include a booster pump 150. The booster pump 150 is disposed on the communication path between the regeneration module 130 and the concentrated solution inlet of the absorption module 120, and is used to pressurize the regenerated absorbent concentrated solution. The pressurized absorbent concentrated solution is then transported to the absorption module 120.

[0051] In some embodiments, the open absorption heat pump system 100 of the present invention may further include a throttling valve 160. The throttling valve 160 is disposed on the communication path between the regeneration module 130 and the dilute solution outlet of the absorption module 120, and is used to depressurize the dilute absorbent solution from the absorption module 120. The depressurized dilute absorbent solution is then input into the regeneration module 130.

[0052] In some embodiments, the open absorption heat pump system 100 of the present invention may further include a lean-rich solution heat exchanger 170. The lean-rich solution heat exchanger 170 is disposed between the booster pump 150 and the concentrated solution inlet of the absorption module 120 and between the throttle valve 160 and the dilute solution outlet of the absorption module 120, and is configured to allow heat exchange between the dilute absorbent solution from the absorption module 120 and the boosted regenerated concentrated absorbent solution, thereby utilizing the heat of the dilute absorbent solution to heat the regenerated concentrated absorbent solution, further improving the waste heat utilization rate.

[0053] Specifically, the lean and rich liquid heat exchanger 170 has a dilute solution inlet, a dilute solution outlet, a concentrated solution inlet, and a concentrated solution outlet. The dilute solution inlet and outlet are fluidly connected to the dilute solution outlet of the absorption module 120 and the inlet of the throttle valve 160, respectively. The concentrated solution inlet and outlet are fluidly connected to the outlet of the booster pump 150 and the concentrated solution inlet of the absorption module 120, respectively.

[0054] In some embodiments, the absorbent solution used in the open absorption heat pump system 100 of the present invention can be lithium bromide solution, calcium chloride solution, lithium chloride solution, etc.

[0055] In one specific embodiment, the absorbent solution is a lithium bromide solution, thereby forming an open lithium bromide type II absorption heat pump system 100.

[0056] The components of the open absorption heat pump system 100 of the present invention have been described above. The following will be discussed in conjunction with... Figure 2 The specific embodiments shown illustrate the working process of the open absorption heat pump system 100 of the present invention.

[0057] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the working process of the open absorption heat pump system 100 mainly includes the following five stages.

[0058] (1) Gas treatment stage: The humid gas to be treated is diverted by the gas splitter 110. The first gas stream S3 enters the absorption heat exchanger 121 and comes into direct contact with the sprayed concentrated absorbent solution. The concentrated absorbent solution absorbs moisture, which reduces the humidity of the first gas stream S3. The process of the absorbent solution changing from concentrated to dilute releases high-quality heat (for example, it can be supplied to the reboiler for desorption).

[0059] (2) Dilute solution cooling and depressurization stage: The mixed stream S8 at the outlet of the absorber heat exchanger 121 is separated by the second gas-liquid separator 122 to obtain the absorbent concentrated solution S6. The absorbent concentrated solution S6 flows through the lean and rich liquid heat exchanger 170 to be cooled to obtain S9. S9 is depressurized by the throttle valve 160 to obtain S10 and enters the generator 131.

[0060] (3) Self-heating stage: The second stream S1, which is separated from the second gas-liquid separator 122, and the first stream S7, which has absorbed moisture, are mixed by the mixer 141 to obtain mixed gas S11. Mixed gas S11 is cooled by the heat exchanger 142 to release heat to the generator 131. The cooled mixed gas S12 is separated by the first gas-liquid separator 143 to obtain a gas with higher purity (containing a small amount of water vapor) and liquid water. The separated liquid water and gas are output through outlet OUT1 and outlet OUT2, respectively.

[0061] (4) Solution regeneration stage: The sensible heat and latent heat of the mixed gas S11 are used to heat the dilute absorbent solution S10 entering the generator 131 to obtain the regenerated concentrated absorbent solution S13. The separated water vapor is output through the water vapor outlet OUT3 and further condensed to extract water.

[0062] (5) Concentrated solution pressurization and heating stage: The concentrated absorbent solution S13 is pressurized by the pressurization pump 150 to obtain concentrated solution S14. The concentrated solution S14 flows through the lean and rich liquid heat exchanger 170 to obtain concentrated solution S4. The concentrated solution S4 returns to the absorption chamber of the absorption heat exchanger 121 for recycling, realizing the open circulation of the absorbent solution.

[0063] Example 1 Example 1 uses Figure 2 The open absorption heat pump system 100 shown was simulated and tested using a mixture of CO2 and water vapor as the humid gas input. The temperature of the CO2 and water vapor mixture was 106°C, the pressure was 200 kPa, and the mass fractions of CO2 and water vapor were 0.65 and 0.35, respectively.

[0064] Simulation tests show that the waste heat recovery efficiency can reach 48%, providing 120℃ high-grade heat and a dehumidification rate of 97%.

[0065] The open absorption heat pump system 100 of the present invention has the following advantages: 1. Low initial investment cost: By eliminating complex components such as evaporators and condensers, the system structure is simplified, reducing initial construction costs by more than 30%.

[0066] 2. Temperature and humidity coordinated control: The gas to be treated comes into direct contact with the lithium bromide solution, which can simultaneously achieve dehumidification / humidification and sensible heat recovery in a single system, making it particularly suitable for high humidity sensitive scenarios (such as textile factories and hospital operating rooms).

[0067] 3. High sensible heat recovery efficiency: The system recovers sensible heat from waste gas (e.g., 120℃→40℃) through a high-efficiency heat exchanger, improving the overall energy efficiency ratio of the system by 10%-20%.

[0068] 4. Highly flexible and adaptable: The modular design allows for expansion and adaptation to different temperature and humidity requirements and waste heat temperature ranges. Specifically, by adjusting the pressure of the absorption chamber and generator, as well as the concentration of the absorbent solution, it can be adapted to different temperature and humidity ranges of gases and waste heat temperatures.

[0069] Based on the same technical concept, the present invention also proposes a carbon dioxide capture system 200.

[0070] Figure 3 A schematic structural block diagram of a carbon dioxide capture system 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, wherein solid arrows indicate the direction of material flow and dashed arrows indicate the direction of heat flow.

[0071] See Figure 3 As shown, the carbon dioxide capture system 200 generally includes an absorption tower 210, a desorption tower 220, and an open absorption heat pump system 100 as described in any of the foregoing embodiments or combinations thereof.

[0072] Absorption tower 210 is configured to use absorbent liquid to absorb carbon dioxide from the gas to be treated to obtain rich liquid and output the rich liquid to desorption tower 220.

[0073] The desorption tower 220 is configured to desorb carbon dioxide from the rich liquid to obtain lean liquid and regeneration gas, and to transport the lean liquid as the regenerated absorbent to the absorption tower 210, and to output the regeneration gas through the regeneration gas outlet of the desorption tower 220.

[0074] The inlet of the gas splitter 110 of the open absorption heat pump system 100 is fluidly connected to the regeneration gas outlet of the desorption tower 220, so that the regeneration gas output from the regeneration gas outlet of the desorption tower 220 enters the gas splitter 110 as a humid gas through the inlet of the gas splitter 110.

[0075] The gas to be treated can be, for example, flue gas, air, or other gases containing CO2.

[0076] The carbon dioxide capture system 200 provided in this embodiment of the invention is coupled with the aforementioned open absorption heat pump system 100. The open absorption heat pump system 100 is used to recover the waste heat of the regenerated gas and to perform temperature and humidity co-processing on the regenerated gas, thereby effectively utilizing the medium and low temperature waste heat of the carbon capture system and reducing the operating cost of the carbon capture system.

[0077] In some embodiments, the absorption module 120 of the open absorption heat pump system 100 is thermally connected to the desorption tower 220. The absorption module 120 is also configured to provide released heat to the desorption tower 220 to promote carbon dioxide desorption. Specifically, the absorption heat exchanger 121 of the absorption module 120 is thermally connected to the desorption tower 220 to provide heat to the desorption tower 220.

[0078] In this embodiment, the heat released by the absorbent concentrate solution in the absorption module 120 absorbing water is provided to the desorption tower 220 to promote the desorption of the rich liquid, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of waste heat and significantly reducing the energy consumption of the carbon capture system.

[0079] In some specific embodiments, the absorption module 120 (specifically the absorption heat exchanger 121) is thermally connected to the reboiler of the desorption tower 220 to provide heat to the reboiler of the desorption tower 220.

[0080] In some specific embodiments, the absorption module 120 (specifically the absorption heat exchanger 121) can use the released heat to generate high-temperature steam and provide the high-temperature steam to the reboiler of the desorption tower 220 to regenerate the absorbent in the desorption tower 220.

[0081] In some other specific embodiments, the absorption module 120 (specifically the absorption heat exchanger 121) can also be heated by the heat absorbed and released by the refrigerant, and then the heated refrigerant can be directly provided to the reboiler of the desorption tower 220 to realize the regeneration of the absorbent in the desorption tower 220.

[0082] Other components and structures commonly used in the carbon dioxide capture system 200 are not described in detail herein, as they are well known to those skilled in the art and are not the focus of this application.

[0083] Numerous specific details are set forth in the specification provided herein. However, it will be understood that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques have not been shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0084] Therefore, those skilled in the art should recognize that although numerous exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications conforming to the principles of the present invention can be directly determined or derived from the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, the scope of the present invention should be understood and construed as covering all such other variations or modifications.

Claims

1. An open absorption heat pump system, characterized by, The system comprises: a gas splitter having an inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet, configured to split a moisture-containing gas inputted by the inlet into a first gas stream and a second gas stream, and output the first gas stream and the second gas stream through the first outlet and the second outlet respectively; an absorption module having a gas inlet connected with the first outlet of the gas splitter, a concentrated solution inlet and a dilute solution outlet, configured to contact an absorbent concentrated solution inputted through the concentrated solution inlet with the first gas stream inputted through the gas inlet to absorb moisture in the first gas stream and release heat, thereby generating an absorbent dilute solution; a regeneration module in fluid communication with the dilute solution outlet and the concentrated solution inlet of the absorption module respectively, configured to heat the absorbent dilute solution from the absorption module by using heat to obtain a regenerated absorbent concentrated solution, and output the regenerated absorbent concentrated solution to the concentrated solution inlet of the absorption module; and a self-heating module in fluid communication with the second outlet of the gas splitter and thermally connected with the regeneration module, configured to use the second gas stream to provide the heat required for heating the regeneration module.

2. The open absorption heat pump system of claim 1, wherein, The absorption module further has a gas outlet in fluid communication with the self-heating module; The absorption module is further configured to output the first gas stream after the moisture is absorbed as a heating gas stream to the self-heating module through the gas outlet; The self-heating module is further configured to mix the second gas stream with the heating gas stream to provide the heat required for heating the regeneration module.

3. The open absorption heat pump system of claim 2, wherein, The self-heating module comprises: a mixer having a fluid input end in fluid communication with the second outlet of the gas splitter and the gas outlet of the absorption module, and a fluid output end, configured to mix the inputted second gas stream and the heating gas stream to obtain a mixed gas; and a heat exchanger in fluid communication with the fluid output end of the mixer and thermally connected with the regeneration module, configured to cool the mixed gas from the mixer in the heat exchanger to release heat, and provide the released heat to the regeneration module.

4. The open absorption heat pump system of claim 3, wherein, The self-heating module further comprises: a first gas-liquid separator in fluid communication with the heat exchanger, configured to separate the cooled mixed gas from the heat exchanger into liquid water and gas.

5. The open absorption heat pump system of claim 2, wherein, The absorption module comprises: an absorption heat exchanger having the gas inlet, the concentrated solution inlet and a mixed stream outlet, configured to spray the absorbent concentrated solution inputted through the concentrated solution inlet to contact with the first gas stream inputted through the gas inlet to absorb moisture in the first gas stream and release heat, thereby generating a mixed stream, and output the mixed stream through the mixed stream outlet; and a second gas-liquid separator having an inlet in fluid communication with the mixed stream outlet of the absorption heat exchanger, the gas outlet in fluid communication with the self-heating module, and the dilute solution outlet in fluid communication with the regeneration module, configured to separate the mixed stream from the absorption heat exchanger into the absorbent dilute solution and the first gas stream after the moisture is absorbed.

6. The open absorption heat pump system of claim 1, wherein, The regeneration module comprises: A generator, thermally connected with the self-supplying heat module, having a dilute solution inlet in fluid communication with a dilute solution outlet of the absorption module, a concentrated solution outlet in fluid communication with a concentrated solution inlet of the absorption module, and a water vapor outlet, configured to heat the absorbent dilute solution from the absorption module using the heat provided by the self-supplying heat module to obtain a regenerated absorbent concentrated solution and water vapor, and output the regenerated absorbent concentrated solution and water vapor through the concentrated solution outlet and the water vapor outlet, respectively.

7. The open absorption heat pump system of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising: A booster pump, disposed on a communication path between the regeneration module and the concentrated solution inlet of the absorption module, for boosting the pressure of the regenerated absorbent concentrated solution.

8. The open absorption heat pump system of claim 7, wherein, Further comprising: A throttling valve, disposed on a communication path between the regeneration module and the dilute solution outlet of the absorption module, for reducing the pressure of the absorbent dilute solution from the absorption module.

9. The open absorption heat pump system of claim 8, wherein, Further comprising: A lean-rich heat exchanger, disposed between the booster pump and the concentrated solution inlet of the absorption module and between the throttling valve and the dilute solution outlet of the absorption module, configured to exchange heat between the absorbent dilute solution from the absorption module and the regenerated absorbent concentrated solution after being boosted in pressure.

10. A carbon dioxide capture system characterized by, Comprising: An absorption tower, configured to perform carbon dioxide absorption treatment on a gas to be treated using absorption liquid to obtain rich liquid and output the rich liquid to a desorption tower; The desorption tower, configured to perform carbon dioxide desorption on the rich liquid to obtain lean liquid and regeneration gas, and output the lean liquid as regenerated absorption liquid to the absorption tower, and output the regeneration gas through a regeneration gas outlet of the desorption tower; And The open absorption heat pump system according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the inlet of the gas flow divider is in fluid communication with the regeneration gas outlet of the desorption tower.

11. The carbon dioxide capture system of claim 10, wherein, The absorption module is thermally connected with the desorption tower, and the absorption module is further configured to provide released heat to the desorption tower to facilitate carbon dioxide desorption.

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