Coastal external insulation ocean type salt pollution value prediction method
By acquiring environmental characteristic data and numerical simulation, a marine salt spray particle size distribution model is constructed to calculate the amount and rate of sea salt deposition. This solves the problem that traditional methods cannot reflect environmental changes in real time, and enables dynamic and accurate prediction of marine salt pollution values on the surface of external insulators, supporting the design of offshore insulation.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511370090.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-06
AI Technical Summary
Traditional pollution assessment methods are unable to reflect the impact of environmental changes on marine salt pollution on the surface of external insulators in real time, lack dynamic prediction capabilities, and lack targeted prevention and control measures. Existing technologies cannot distinguish between marine and inland pollution, and the prediction accuracy is limited.
By acquiring environmental characteristic data, numerical simulations of marine salt spray particle size and spatial distribution are performed to construct a data prediction model, calculate sea salt deposition amount and deposition rate, and combine the marine salt pollution value calculation equation on the insulator surface to dynamically predict the marine salt pollution value on the external insulator surface.
It enables dynamic prediction of marine salt pollution levels on the surface of external insulators, improves prediction accuracy, can respond to sudden weather conditions, provides more realistic prediction results, and supports the design of offshore insulation.
Smart Images
Figure CN121480347A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of coastal insulation technology, and in particular to a method for predicting marine salinity levels in coastal insulation. Background Technology
[0002] Sea salt particles are suspended in the air as droplets or salt nuclei, and are widely spread by airflow. Their sources consist of two parts: open sea areas and near-shore waves. Near-shore sea salt particles are often larger in radius and can remain suspended for several hours within one kilometer of the coast before settling. Smaller sea salt particles can remain suspended for several days and are continuously transported inland under the influence of wind speed.
[0003] Suspended salt spray deposition accumulates salt on the surface of external insulation, forming a pollution layer that severely affects insulation performance and increases operational risks for power equipment. Equivalent salt density (ESDD) is the most significant factor influencing insulator flashover voltage. Existing research has demonstrated the correlation between surface pollution characteristics and environmental factors; however, pollution accumulation is a long-term process. Traditional pollution assessment methods rely heavily on manual monitoring or static models, making it difficult to reflect the real-time impact of environmental changes on pollution levels. Furthermore, these methods fail to differentiate between marine and inland pollution, resulting in limited prediction accuracy and a lack of targeted prevention and control measures. Therefore, a technical method is urgently needed that dynamically predicts marine salt pollution levels on the surface of external insulators based on environmental characteristic data and marine salt deposition patterns. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to fill the technical gap in dynamically predicting marine salt pollution values on the surface of external insulators based on environmental characteristic data, and to provide a method for predicting marine salt pollution values of coastal external insulators.
[0005] The above-mentioned objective of this application is achieved through the following technical solution: S1: Obtain environmental characteristic data of the location to be predicted; S2: Numerical simulation of the particle size distribution and spatial distribution of marine salt spray varying with offshore distance was performed to obtain a data prediction model; S3: Substitute environmental characteristic data into the data prediction model to calculate the amount of sea salt deposition in the nearshore area at a preset threshold from the coast. and deposition rate ; S4: Input environmental characteristic data into the constructed calculation equation for marine-type salt pollution value of the external insulation surface, combined with sea salt deposition amount. and deposition rate The marine-type salt pollution value of the outer insulation surface was obtained.
[0006] Optionally, step S1 includes: environmental feature data including geographic data and geographic information; Meteorological data includes: temperature, humidity, wind speed, and wind direction.
[0007] Optionally, step S2 includes: The data prediction model is as follows: radius is Salt spray particle aerosol concentration at 80% relative humidity , This indicates the number of sea salt particles per unit volume. This indicates the number of particles per unit radius in a unit volume; The aerosol concentration M depends on:
[0008] in It is the rate of change of concentration. It is the fluid velocity. Indicates horizontal flow rate; It does not include the horizontal. and vertical The sum of sea salt aerosol fluxes, compared with horizontal flux, represents the horizontal aerosol flux. Negligible, vertical flux Including gravitational settling and turbulent diffusion, For source and sink items; The flux function for marine aerosol generation is as follows:
[0009] in , To generate sea salt aerosol flux, The wind speed is at an altitude of 10 meters. Let be the radius of the sea salt aerosol; Represents a logarithm to the base 10; Aerosol deposition flux, i.e., sea salt deposition. for:
[0010] Sea salt deposition rate for:
[0011]
[0012]
[0013]
[0014]
[0015] Where M is the marine aerosol concentration, which represents the number of particles per unit radius in a unit volume; and These are the dry and wet radii of the sea salt particles, respectively. and These are coefficients related to concentration and wind speed, respectively. Indicates the velocity of gravitational settling; For example, the von Kármán coefficient; Indicates the drag coefficient; Indicates wind speed; The Schmidt number represents the ratio of turbulent momentum diffusion efficiency to turbulent mass diffusion efficiency. The Stokes number characterizes the interaction between the inertia of sea salt particles and the viscosity of the fluid. and These represent the gravitational settling velocities of salt spray particles in dry and wet states, respectively. The diffusion coefficient is denoted as . Indicates the dynamic viscosity of air; Indicates the density of the fluid; Indicates the velocity of gravitational settling; The friction speed; It represents the acceleration due to gravity.
[0016] Optionally, the data prediction model further includes: diffusion coefficient ,as follows:
[0017] in Here, T represents the Boltzmann constant, and T represents the temperature. The coefficient of the degree of thin air surrounding sea salt aerosols; Indicates the dynamic viscosity of air; Indicates the diameter of the particle; Represents pi; The degree of air thinning around sea salt aerosols ,as follows:
[0018]
[0019] in Indicates the mean free path of molecules; is the specific gas constant of dry air; The drag coefficient is as follows;
[0020] in The friction speed; Gravity settling velocity ,as follows:
[0021] in It is the acceleration due to gravity. The density of the sea salt particles; Let T be the density of air and T be the air temperature. This refers to the dynamic viscosity of air.
[0022] Optionally, step S3 includes: By combining sea salt sediment volume and deposition rate Determine the sea salt deposition rate at a preset threshold distance from the coastline. Sea salt deposition on the surface of insulators at a preset threshold distance from the coastline ; Salt deposition on the insulator surface corresponds to particles of sea salt deposited on its surface due to collisions during the movement of sea salt from the coast to the inland. Assume there is a functional relationship between the amount of salt spray deposition and... It is affected by the insulator skirt structure, canopy area, and environmental characteristic parameters. The amount of sea salt deposited on the insulator surface can be represented by a simplified relationship:
[0023] in Indicates wind speed; Salt spray concentration increases with distance due to deposition. The decay function:
[0024] The equation for calculating the marine-type salt pollution value on the surface of the external insulator is as follows:
[0025] in, The deposition rate of sea salt at a preset threshold distance from the coastline; The amount of sea salt deposition on the surface of the insulator at a preset threshold distance from the coastline; Total surface area of insulator Ambient temperature related; Let be the distance of the location to be predicted from the coast, and ; This refers to the thickness of the sludge layer. This refers to wind speed.
[0026] Optionally, the data prediction model further includes: Salt spray mass concentration:
[0027] Salt spray deposition flux:
[0028] in, For time parameters; Indicates unit particle size.
[0029] An electronic device includes a processor, a memory, a user interface, and a network interface. The memory is used to store instructions, the user interface and the network interface are used to communicate with other devices, and the processor is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory to enable the electronic device to perform a method for predicting marine salinity levels in offshore insulation.
[0030] A computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed, perform a method for predicting marine salinity levels in offshore insulation.
[0031] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided in this application are: 1. By introducing environmental characteristic data, the nonlinear relationship between wind speed and sea salt generation flux is quantified, which solves the problem that traditional static models cannot respond to sudden meteorological conditions such as typhoons and monsoons.
[0032] 2. By calculating sedimentation flux based on grain size and combining the grain size and spatial distribution characteristics of salt spray, the gradient prediction of coarse-grained dominance near the coast and fine-grained dominance further inland was verified. Furthermore, the sedimentation rate attenuation coefficient was used to... Quantitative analysis of the attenuation pattern of salt spray concentration with distance from the shore.
[0033] 3. By embedding parameters such as insulator skirt structure and surface area into the deposition calculation, the prediction results are more consistent with the actual pollution situation. By integrating atmospheric boundary layer theory, fluid dynamics, and physical collision theory of insulator surface, a complete theoretical system for marine salt pollution prediction is formed, which improves the accuracy of prediction and is of great significance for offshore insulation design. Attached Figure Description
[0034] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of sea salt transport and deposition in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a simulated analysis diagram of the particle size distribution of salt spray at a distance of 25 km from the coast in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 These are ESDD simulation analysis diagrams at different wind speeds in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a distribution diagram of the sea salt aerosol flux function in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5This is a gravity settling velocity diagram at 25°C for different particle radii in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a comparison diagram of the effects of different resuspension conditions on the spatial distribution of ESDD in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic device structure in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0035] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of this application, the specific embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0036] The embodiments of this application provide a method for predicting marine salinity levels in offshore insulation.
[0037] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of sea salt transport and deposition in a method for predicting marine salinity levels in offshore insulation according to an embodiment of this application, including: S1: Obtain environmental characteristic data of the location to be predicted; S2: Numerical simulation of the particle size distribution and spatial distribution of marine salt spray varying with offshore distance was performed to obtain a data prediction model; S3: Substitute environmental characteristic data into the data prediction model to calculate the amount of sea salt deposition in the nearshore area at a preset threshold from the coast. and deposition rate ; S4: Input environmental characteristic data into the constructed calculation equation for marine-type salt pollution value of the external insulation surface, combined with sea salt deposition amount. and deposition rate The marine-type salt pollution value of the outer insulation surface was obtained.
[0038] This application provides an embodiment as follows. This technology is based on atmospheric boundary layer physics and aerosol dynamics theory, and describes the salt spray transport process through governing equations. The core lies in decomposing the vertical flux into gravity deposition. While considering turbulent diffusion, but given the negligible nature of turbulent diffusion in the near-surface layer, this study focuses on the transport mechanism dominated by gravity settling. It quantifies the functional relationship between the marine aerosol generation flux function and wind speed, and utilizes the hygroscopic properties of sodium chloride to introduce a correction for the deposition rate based on humidity. Under high humidity, particle radius expansion accelerates gravity settling, demonstrating the Brownian motion effect of small particles. A salt spray deposition exponential decay model with distance is constructed, using the deposition rate decay coefficient... Quantifying salt spray concentration with distance from shore The decreasing characteristics are consistent with the observation pattern of rapid settling of large particles near the coast and dominance of small particles in the far inland. Figure 2 This is a simulated analysis diagram of the particle size distribution of salt spray at a distance of 25 km from the coast in an embodiment of this application;Figure 3 These are ESDD simulation analysis diagrams at different wind speeds in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a distribution diagram of the sea salt aerosol flux function in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a gravity settling velocity diagram at 25°C for different particle radii in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a comparison diagram of the effects of different resuspension conditions on the spatial distribution of ESDD in the embodiments of this application.
[0039] As one embodiment, the present invention is applicable to the prediction of marine salinity values at locations where the distance from the coast to be predicted is >1 km.
[0040] Step S1 includes: environmental feature data, including geographic data and geographic information; Meteorological data includes: temperature, humidity, wind speed, and wind direction.
[0041] Step S2 includes: The data prediction model is as follows: radius is Salt spray particle aerosol concentration at 80% relative humidity , This indicates the number of sea salt particles per unit volume. This indicates the number of particles per unit radius in a unit volume; The aerosol concentration M depends on:
[0042] in It is the rate of change of concentration. It is the fluid velocity. Indicates horizontal flow rate; It does not include the horizontal. and vertical The sum of sea salt aerosol fluxes, compared with horizontal flux, represents the horizontal aerosol flux. Negligible, vertical flux Including gravitational settling and turbulent diffusion, For source and sink items; The flux function for marine aerosol generation is as follows:
[0043] in , To generate sea salt aerosol flux, The wind speed is at an altitude of 10 meters. Let be the radius of the sea salt aerosol; Represents a logarithm to the base 10; Aerosol deposition flux, i.e., sea salt deposition. for:
[0044] In one specific embodiment of this application, This refers to the aerosol flux in sea salt, and the above flux function... The calculation formula is applicable to sea salt produced in open sea areas. The consideration is the sea salt deposited on the surface of the insulator, from arrive It also involves the long-distance transportation of sea salt; both of these physical quantities have dimensions. .
[0045] Sea salt deposition rate for:
[0046]
[0047]
[0048]
[0049]
[0050] Where M is the marine aerosol concentration, which represents the number of particles per unit radius in a unit volume; and These are the dry and wet radii of the sea salt particles, respectively. and These are coefficients related to concentration and wind speed, respectively. Indicates the velocity of gravitational settling; For example, the von Kármán coefficient; Indicates the drag coefficient; Indicates wind speed; The Schmidt number represents the ratio of turbulent momentum diffusion efficiency to turbulent mass diffusion efficiency. The Stokes number characterizes the interaction between the inertia of sea salt particles and the viscosity of the fluid. and These represent the gravitational settling velocities of salt spray particles in dry and wet states, respectively. The diffusion coefficient is denoted as . Indicates the dynamic viscosity of air; Indicates the density of the fluid; Indicates the velocity of gravitational settling; The friction speed; It represents the acceleration due to gravity.
[0051] The data prediction model also includes: diffusion coefficient ,as follows:
[0052] in Here, T represents the Boltzmann constant, and T represents the temperature. The coefficient of the degree of thin air surrounding sea salt aerosols; Indicates the dynamic viscosity of air; Indicates the diameter of the particle; Represents pi; The degree of air thinning around sea salt aerosols ,as follows:
[0053]
[0054] in Indicates the mean free path of molecules; is the specific gas constant of dry air; The drag coefficient is as follows;
[0055] in The friction speed; Gravity settling velocity ,as follows:
[0056] in It is the acceleration due to gravity. The density of the sea salt particles; Let T be the density of air and T be the air temperature. This refers to the dynamic viscosity of air.
[0057] Step S3 includes: By combining sea salt sediment volume and deposition rate Determine the sea salt deposition rate at a preset threshold distance from the coastline. Sea salt deposition on the surface of insulators at a preset threshold distance from the coastline ; Salt deposition on the insulator surface corresponds to particles of sea salt deposited on its surface due to collisions during the movement of sea salt from the coast to the inland. Assume there is a functional relationship between the amount of salt spray deposition and... It is affected by the insulator skirt structure, canopy area, and environmental characteristic parameters. The amount of sea salt deposited on the insulator surface can be represented by a simplified relationship:
[0058] in Indicates wind speed; Salt spray concentration increases with distance due to deposition. The decay function:
[0059] The equation for calculating the marine-type salt pollution value on the surface of the external insulator is as follows:
[0060] in, The deposition rate of sea salt at a preset threshold distance from the coastline; The amount of sea salt deposition on the surface of the insulator at a preset threshold distance from the coastline; Total surface area of insulator Ambient temperature related; Let be the distance of the location to be predicted from the coast, and ; This refers to the thickness of the sludge layer. This refers to wind speed.
[0061] The data prediction model also includes: Salt spray mass concentration:
[0062] Salt spray deposition flux:
[0063] in, For time parameters; Indicates unit particle size.
[0064] This application provides an embodiment as follows: During the diffusion of marine salt spray inland, the advection flux of sea salt aerosols is negligible; the main concern is the vertical flux, which includes two physical processes: gravitational settling and turbulent diffusion. To simplify the model, the study area is selected in the first few tens of meters of the ground surface, where the turbulent diffusion coefficient K is sufficiently small, and turbulent diffusion can be ignored. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the migration and deposition of sea salt as it spreads inland.
[0065] This application provides an embodiment as follows: sea salt aerosol particles are suspended in the air as droplets and salt nuclei, with a wide range of particle sizes, ranging from a few nanometers to tens of micrometers. Larger particles have a shorter residence time in the atmosphere, while smaller particles have a longer residence time and can be transported to more distant inland areas. The transformation from droplets to solid particles depends on air humidity and wind speed. Since the main component of sea salt is sodium chloride, under high humidity conditions, the salt particles will absorb moisture and grow, with their radius increasing by approximately 1.2-2 times. Figure 2A simulated particle size distribution map of sea salt at a distance of 25 km from the coast was generated. It is evident that the concentration of salt spray differs by several orders of magnitude between larger and smaller particles, with a gradual shift towards smaller particles dominating the concentration with increasing distance from the shore. The accumulation process of particles on the insulator surface can be divided into three stages: "spatial motion," "surface collision," and "surface motion." The probability of pollutant particle deposition on the insulator surface increases with particle size, while the deposition amount decreases with increasing wind speed. Under low wind speed conditions, for smaller pollutant particles, the electric field plays a dominant role in the accumulation process. Collision is a prerequisite for pollutant deposition. The motion after a collision is divided into normal motion and tangential motion. If the normal kinetic energy can overcome the normal force, and the tangential resistance is greater than the frictional force, the particles will deposit on the insulator surface. Salt spray is the source of marine salt pollution on offshore insulator surfaces. Within a certain time period, the amount of sea salt deposited per unit area on the insulator surface is equal to the integral of the deposition flux over time, considering collision efficiency and particle resuspension effects. This relationship is described by a function of concentration decay with distance (x>1 km).
[0066] This application also discloses an electronic device. (See reference...) Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device disclosed in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device 500 may include: at least one processor 501, at least one network interface 504, a user interface 503, a memory 505, and at least one communication bus 502.
[0067] The communication bus 502 is used to enable communication between these components.
[0068] The user interface 503 may include a display screen, and optionally, the user interface 503 may also include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface.
[0069] The network interface 504 may optionally include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface (such as a Wi-Fi interface).
[0070] This application also discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing a plurality of instructions adapted for loading by a processor to execute the above-described method for predicting marine salinity levels in offshore insulation.
[0071] The above are merely exemplary embodiments of this disclosure and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure. Any equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the teachings of this disclosure shall still fall within the scope of this disclosure.
[0072] This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not described in this disclosure. The specification and embodiments are to be considered exemplary only, and the scope and spirit of this disclosure are defined by the claims.
Claims
1. A method for predicting the salinity value of marine-type offshore insulation, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1: Obtain environmental characteristic data of the location to be predicted; S2: Numerical simulation of the particle size distribution and spatial distribution of marine salt spray varying with offshore distance was performed to obtain a data prediction model; S3: Substitute environmental characteristic data into the data prediction model to calculate the amount of sea salt deposition in the nearshore area at a preset threshold from the coast. and deposition rate ; S4: Input environmental characteristic data into the constructed calculation equation for marine-type salt pollution value of the external insulation surface, combined with sea salt deposition amount. and deposition rate The marine-type salt pollution value of the outer insulation surface was obtained.
2. The method for predicting marine salinity levels in coastal offshore insulation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: environmental characteristic data, including geographic data and geographic information; Meteorological data includes: temperature, humidity, wind speed, and wind direction.
3. The method for predicting marine salinity levels in offshore insulation as described in claim 1, step S2 includes: The data prediction model is as follows: radius is Salt spray particle aerosol concentration at 80% relative humidity , This indicates the number of sea salt particles per unit volume. This indicates the number of particles per unit radius in a unit volume; The aerosol concentration M depends on: in It is the rate of change of concentration. It is the fluid velocity. Indicates the horizontal flow rate; It does not include the horizontal. and vertical The sum of sea salt aerosol fluxes, compared with horizontal flux, represents the horizontal aerosol flux. Negligible, vertical flux Including gravitational settling and turbulent diffusion, For source and sink items; The flux function for marine aerosol generation is as follows: in , To generate sea salt aerosol flux, The wind speed is at an altitude of 10 meters. Let be the radius of the sea salt aerosol; Represents a logarithm to the base 10; Aerosol deposition flux, i.e., sea salt deposition. for: Sea salt deposition rate for: Where M is the marine aerosol concentration, which represents the number of particles per unit radius in a unit volume; and These are the dry and wet radii of the sea salt particles, respectively. and These are coefficients related to concentration and wind speed, respectively. Indicates the velocity of gravitational settling; For example, the von Kármán coefficient; Indicates the drag coefficient; Indicates wind speed; The Schmidt number represents the ratio of turbulent momentum diffusion efficiency to turbulent mass diffusion efficiency. The Stokes number characterizes the interaction between the inertia of sea salt particles and the viscosity of the fluid. and These represent the gravitational settling velocities of salt spray particles in dry and wet states, respectively. The diffusion coefficient is denoted as . Indicates the dynamic viscosity of air; Indicates the density of the fluid; Indicates the velocity of gravitational settling; The friction speed; It represents the acceleration due to gravity.
4. The method for predicting marine salinity levels in coastal offshore insulation as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The data prediction model also includes: diffusion coefficient ,as follows: in Here, T represents the Boltzmann constant, and T represents the temperature. The coefficient of the degree of thin air surrounding sea salt aerosols; Indicates the dynamic viscosity of air; Indicates the diameter of the particle; Represents pi; The degree of air thinning around sea salt aerosols ,as follows: in Indicates the mean free path of molecules; is the specific gas constant of dry air; The drag coefficient is as follows; in The friction speed; Gravity settling velocity ,as follows: in It is the acceleration due to gravity. The density of the sea salt particles; Let T be the density of air and T be the air temperature. This refers to the dynamic viscosity of air.
5. The method for predicting marine salinity levels in coastal offshore insulation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3 includes: By combining sea salt sedimentation and deposition rate Determine the sea salt deposition rate at a preset threshold distance from the coastline. Sea salt deposition on the surface of insulators at a preset threshold distance from the coastline ; Salt deposition on the insulator surface corresponds to particles of sea salt deposited on its surface due to collisions during the movement of sea salt from the coast to the inland. Assume there is a functional relationship between the amount of salt spray deposition and... It is affected by the insulator skirt structure, canopy area, and environmental characteristic parameters. The amount of sea salt deposited on the insulator surface can be represented by a simplified relationship: in Indicates wind speed; Salt spray concentration increases with distance due to deposition. The decay function: The equation for calculating the marine-type salt pollution value on the surface of the external insulator is as follows: in, The deposition rate of sea salt at a preset threshold distance from the coastline; The amount of sea salt deposition on the surface of the insulator at a preset threshold distance from the coastline; Total surface area of insulator Ambient temperature related; Let be the distance of the location to be predicted from the coast, and ; This refers to the thickness of the sludge layer. This refers to wind speed.
6. The method for predicting marine salinity levels in coastal offshore insulation as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The data prediction model also includes: Salt spray mass concentration: Salt spray deposition flux: in, For time parameters; Indicates unit particle size.
7. An electronic device, characterized in that, The device includes a processor, a memory, a user interface, and a network interface. The memory is used to store instructions, the user interface and the network interface are used to communicate with other devices, and the processor is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory to cause the electronic device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-6.
8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when executed by a computer, perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-6.