Cadmium-resistant compound foliage spraying agent for rice and application method of cadmium-resistant compound foliage spraying agent

Abstract

The invention discloses a rice cadmium-resistant compound foliar spraying agent and an application method thereof. The compound foliar spraying agent comprises the following components: aspartic acid with the concentration of 5-10mg / L; the concentration of the sodium selenite is 50 to 100 mg / L; the concentration of the melatonin is 30-50 [mu] mol / L; and the balance of water. The compound foliar spraying agent is sprayed in the tillering stage, the heading stage and the pustulation stage of rice respectively, and 20-40 kg of the compound foliar spraying agent is sprayed per mu each time. According to the method, multiple cadmium absorption barriers are constructed through the synergistic effect of aspartic acid, sodium selenite and melatonin, the cadmium reduction effect of the brown rice is jointly and greatly improved, the cadmium reduction efficiency can reach 85% or above, all the components are efficient and synergistic, the method is slightly influenced by the environment, and practical significance is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural technology, specifically to a cadmium-inhibiting compound foliar spray for rice and its application method. Background Technology

[0002] Rice, a typical cadmium-accumulating crop, has a cadmium accumulation coefficient in its grains as high as 0.5-1.0, seriously threatening food security. Existing physical and chemical remediation methods are costly and easily damage soil structure, while phytoremediation technologies have long cycles, making large-scale promotion difficult.

[0003] Currently, foliar cadmium-reducing agents for rice mainly rely on single-function substances. For example, chelating agents can promote cadmium fixation, but they are prone to causing secondary pollution and inhibiting the absorption of beneficial elements such as selenium; silicates have limited effectiveness in moderately to heavily polluted soils and require frequent spraying (3-5 times / season); plant hormones (such as brassinolide) have poor stability, are easily deactivated by photodegradation, and it is difficult to achieve both yield increase and cadmium reduction efficiency; selenium preparations may cause selenium overdose when used alone, and their antagonistic effect with cadmium is significantly limited by pH value.

[0004] Aspartic acid can reduce cadmium absorption by competitively inhibiting the expression of cadmium transport proteins; sodium selenite can induce plants to synthesize metallothionein to fix cadmium; and melatonin can alleviate cadmium toxicity by enhancing the antioxidant system. Current technology has not yet achieved synergistic compatibility of these three substances in foliar spraying.

[0005] This invention innovatively combines aspartic acid, sodium selenite, and melatonin in a highly efficient synergistic manner, enabling the compound preparation to exert a prominent synergistic effect and significantly reduce the cadmium content in brown rice. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a cadmium-inhibiting compound foliar spray for rice and its application method. The compound foliar spray has the following components: aspartic acid concentration of 5-10 mg / L; sodium selenite concentration of 50-100 mg / L; melatonin concentration of 30-50 μmol / L; and the remainder is water. The compound foliar spray is applied at the tillering, heading, and grain-filling stages of rice, with a dosage of 20-40 kg per acre each time. This invention utilizes the synergistic effect between aspartic acid, sodium selenite, and melatonin to construct multiple cadmium absorption barriers, thereby significantly improving the cadmium reduction effect of brown rice. The cadmium reduction efficiency can reach over 85%. The components work synergistically and are less affected by the environment, making it of practical significance.

[0007] To achieve the above technical effects, the following technical solution is adopted: A cadmium-inhibiting compound foliar spray for rice, with the following component formula: The concentration of aspartic acid is 5-10 mg / L; the concentration of sodium selenite is 50-100 mg / L; the concentration of melatonin is 30-50 μmol / L; and the remainder is water.

[0008] Furthermore, the formulation of the compound foliar spray is as follows: The concentration of aspartic acid was 10 mg / L; the concentration of sodium selenite was 100 mg / L; the concentration of melatonin was 50 μmol / L; and the remainder was water.

[0009] Furthermore, the preparation method of the composite foliar spray is as follows: Weigh out aspartic acid, sodium selenite, melatonin, and water according to the required concentration and preparation amount; dissolve sodium selenite in water, stir well, then add melatonin and aspartic acid in sequence, stir until dissolved to obtain the compound foliar spray. Prepare immediately before use and do not store for more than 12 hours.

[0010] Furthermore, the application method of the compound foliar spray is as follows: Apply the compound foliar spray at the tillering, heading, and grain-filling stages of rice, respectively, at a rate of 20-40 kg per acre each time.

[0011] Furthermore, the spraying sites are the upper and lower surfaces of rice leaves.

[0012] Furthermore, the application time of the compound foliar spray is before 10:00 AM or after 4:00 PM on sunny or cloudy days.

[0013] Furthermore, the suitable temperature range for spraying the compound foliar spray is 15-30℃.

[0014] Furthermore, the compound foliar spray is used to reduce cadmium accumulation in brown rice.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention discloses a cadmium-inhibiting compound foliar spray for rice and its application method. The compound foliar spray has the following components: aspartic acid concentration of 5-10 mg / L; sodium selenite concentration of 50-100 mg / L; melatonin concentration of 30-50 μmol / L; and the remainder is water. The compound foliar spray is applied at the tillering, heading, and grain-filling stages of rice, with a dosage of 20-40 kg per acre each time. This invention utilizes the synergistic effect between aspartic acid, sodium selenite, and melatonin to construct multiple cadmium absorption barriers, significantly improving the cadmium reduction effect of brown rice, achieving a cadmium reduction efficiency of over 85%. The components work synergistically and are minimally affected by the environment, making it of practical significance. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0017] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further illustration of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0018] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments of the present invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, and / or combinations thereof.

[0019] Example 1: The concentration of aspartic acid was 5 mg / L; the concentration of sodium selenite was 50 mg / L; the concentration of melatonin was 30 μmol / L; and the remainder was water.

[0020] For example, in a 100L foliar spray, the ingredients are: aspartic acid: 0.500g; sodium selenite: 5.000g; melatonin: 0.697g; and the remainder is water.

[0021] Weigh out aspartic acid, sodium selenite, melatonin, and water according to the concentration requirements and preparation amount; dissolve sodium selenite in water, stir evenly, then add melatonin and aspartic acid in sequence, stir and dissolve evenly to obtain compound foliar spray 1. Prepare immediately before use and do not store for more than 12 hours.

[0022] Example 2: The concentration of aspartic acid was 10 mg / L; the concentration of sodium selenite was 100 mg / L; the concentration of melatonin was 50 μmol / L; and the remainder was water.

[0023] For example, in a 100L foliar spray, the ingredients are: aspartic acid: 1.000g; sodium selenite: 10.000g; melatonin: 1.161g; and the remainder is water.

[0024] Weigh out aspartic acid, sodium selenite, melatonin, and water according to the concentration requirements and preparation amount; dissolve sodium selenite in water, stir evenly, then add melatonin and aspartic acid in sequence, stir and dissolve evenly to obtain compound foliar spray 2. Prepare immediately before use and do not store for more than 12 hours.

[0025] All comparative examples are based on Example 2.

[0026] Comparative Example 1: For example, in a 100L foliar spray, the aspartic acid content is 12.161g, with the remainder being water.

[0027] Weigh out aspartic acid and water according to the concentration requirements and preparation amount; dissolve the aspartic acid in water and stir evenly to obtain foliar spray 3. Prepare it immediately before use and do not store it for more than 12 hours.

[0028] Comparative Example 2: For example, in a 100L foliar spray, the sodium selenite content is 12.161g, with the remainder being water.

[0029] Weigh out sodium selenite and water according to the concentration requirements and preparation amount; dissolve sodium selenite in water and stir evenly to obtain foliar spray agent 4. Prepare immediately before use and do not store for more than 12 hours.

[0030] Comparative Example 3: For example, in a 100L foliar spray, the content of melatonin is 12.161g, with the remainder being water.

[0031] Weigh out the melatonin and water according to the required concentration and preparation amount; dissolve the melatonin in the water and stir well to obtain foliar spray agent 5. Prepare it immediately before use and do not store it for more than 12 hours.

[0032] Comparative Example 4: For example, in 100L of foliar spray, the contents are: aspartic acid: 1.106g; sodium selenite: 11.055g; and the remainder is water.

[0033] Weigh out aspartic acid, sodium selenite, and water according to the concentration requirements and preparation amount; dissolve sodium selenite in water, stir evenly, add aspartic acid, stir and dissolve evenly to obtain compound foliar spray 6. Prepare immediately before use and do not store for more than 12 hours.

[0034] Comparative Example 5: For example, in 100L of foliar spray, the contents are: aspartic acid: 5.627g; melatonin: 6.534g; and the remainder is water.

[0035] Weigh out aspartic acid, melatonin, and water according to the required concentration and preparation amount; dissolve aspartic acid in water, stir evenly, add melatonin, stir and dissolve evenly to obtain compound foliar spray 7. Prepare immediately before use and do not store for more than 12 hours.

[0036] Comparative Example 6: For example, in a 100L foliar spray, the components are: sodium selenite: 10.896g; melatonin: 1.265g; and the remainder is water.

[0037] Weigh out sodium selenite, melatonin, and water according to the required concentration and preparation amount; dissolve sodium selenite in water, stir evenly, then add melatonin in sequence, stir and dissolve evenly to obtain compound foliar spray 8. Prepare immediately before use and do not store for more than 12 hours.

[0038] Comparative Example 7: Taking 100L of foliar spray as an example, if it is all water, it is called foliar spray 9.

[0039] The foliar sprays used in Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-7 are evaluated below: Verification of spraying effect: Field plot trials were conducted on the compound foliar sprays in Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-7. The experimental procedure was as follows: Specifically: Test location: Jiuxia Village, Hetan Town, Guixi City, Yingtan City Experimental field: Soil total cadmium content 0.89 mg / kg; pH 5.11; rice variety is the local main variety Ge Liang You 1811.

[0040] Experimental period: Late rice season of 2024 Experimental setup: Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-7 were single-treatment areas, and the entire field was divided into 36 plots, each with an area of ​​20m². 2 A 25cm space was left between each plot, and no field ridges were set up. All plots were located in the same field, with completely identical growing environment, soil fertility, and other conditions. Each treatment area consisted of 4 plots (4 replicates), for a total of 9 treatment areas. Treatment areas 1-9 were the foliar sprays used in Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-7, respectively. The application rate of each foliar spray is 40 kg / mu; the spraying sites are the upper and lower surfaces of rice leaves; the spraying time is before 10:00 AM or after 4:00 PM on sunny or cloudy days. The suitable temperature range for spraying is 25℃.

[0041] Foliar sprays were applied to the rice in each treatment area using a backpack sprayer at the tillering, heading, and grain-filling stages.

[0042] Other field water and fertilizer management methods and pest and disease control methods remain consistent with traditional methods. After the rice matures (early November), harvest and yield measurement will be carried out in each plot, rice grains will be collected, threshed, and the cadmium content in the rice will be measured.

[0043] The method for determining the cadmium content in brown rice was as follows: 0.1 g of brown rice powder sample was taken, 5 mL of nitric acid and 3.0 mL of hydrogen peroxide solution were added, the mixture was capped and allowed to cold digest overnight. Digestion was then performed using a graphite digester for 2 hours, and the volume was adjusted to 25 mL. The cadmium concentration in the digest was analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The experimental results are shown in Table 1. Table 1. Differences in rice yield and cadmium content in brown rice among treatments.

[0044] Note 1: Except for the treatment method, all other conventional cultivation methods are the same for the groups in the table.

[0045] Note 2: According to the requirements of GB 2762-2022 National Food Safety Standard for Limits of Contaminants in Food, the cadmium content of qualified rice is less than or equal to 0.2 mg / kg.

[0046] Based on the experimental results of the above embodiments, the present invention utilizes the synergistic effect between aspartic acid, sodium selenite and melatonin to construct multiple cadmium absorption barriers, which together significantly improve the cadmium reduction effect of brown rice, with a cadmium reduction efficiency of over 85%.

[0047] In summary, this invention discloses a cadmium-inhibiting compound foliar spray for rice and its application method. The compound foliar spray has the following components: aspartic acid concentration of 5-10 mg / L; sodium selenite concentration of 50-100 mg / L; melatonin concentration of 30-50 μmol / L; and the remainder is water. The compound foliar spray is applied at the tillering, heading, and grain-filling stages of rice, with a dosage of 20-40 kg per mu (approximately 0.067 hectares) for each application. This invention utilizes the synergistic effect between aspartic acid, sodium selenite, and melatonin to construct multiple cadmium absorption barriers, significantly improving the cadmium reduction effect of brown rice, achieving a cadmium reduction efficiency of over 85%. The components work synergistically and are minimally affected by the environment, making it of practical significance.

[0048] Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications conforming to the principles of the present invention can be directly determined or derived from the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be understood and recognized as covering all such other variations or modifications.

Claims

1. A cadmium-inhibiting compound foliar spray for rice, characterized in that, The formulation of the composite foliar spray agent is as follows: The concentration of aspartic acid is 5-10 mg / L; the concentration of sodium selenite is 50-100 mg / L; the concentration of melatonin is 30-50 μmol / L; and the remainder is water.

2. The rice cadmium-inhibiting compound foliar spray as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The formulation of the composite foliar spray agent is as follows: The concentration of aspartic acid was 10 mg / L; the concentration of sodium selenite was 100 mg / L; the concentration of melatonin was 50 μmol / L; and the remainder was water.

3. The rice cadmium-inhibiting compound foliar spray as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the composite foliar spray is as follows: Weigh out aspartic acid, sodium selenite, melatonin, and water according to the required concentration and preparation amount; dissolve sodium selenite in water, stir well, then add melatonin and aspartic acid in sequence, stir until dissolved to obtain the compound foliar spray. Prepare immediately before use and do not store for more than 12 hours.

4. The application method of the cadmium-inhibiting compound foliar spray for rice as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The application method is as follows: Apply the compound foliar spray at the tillering, heading, and grain-filling stages of rice, respectively, at a rate of 20-40 kg per acre each time.

5. The application method of the cadmium-inhibiting compound foliar spray for rice as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The spraying sites are the upper and lower surfaces of rice leaves.

6. The application method of the cadmium-inhibiting compound foliar spray for rice as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The compound foliar spray agent should be applied before 10:00 AM or after 4:00 PM on sunny or cloudy days.

7. The application method of the cadmium-inhibiting compound foliar spray for rice as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The suitable temperature range for spraying the compound foliar spray is 15-30℃.

8. The compound foliar spray agent according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The application of the compound foliar spray in reducing cadmium accumulation in brown rice.

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