Wavelength division multiplexing demultiplexing device and electronic device

Abstract

This application provides a wavelength division multiplexing / demultiplexing device and electronic device, relating to the field of optical communication technology. The wavelength division multiplexing / demultiplexing device includes: a signal source, a processing component, and a grating component; the processing component and the grating component are cascaded; the signal source is used to output an optical signal; the processing component and the grating component work together; the processing component is used to perform wavelength division processing on the optical signal; the grating component is used to transmit the optical signal. This application allows for the connection of a corresponding processing component before or after the grating component, enabling wavelength division processing of the optical signal through the processing component. By coordinating the processing component and the grating component in processing the optical signal, and fully utilizing the scalable advantage of the grating component's channel count, the wavelength division processing of the processing component increases the distance between channels during grating component processing, thereby reducing the phase noise caused by insufficient channel distance in the grating component and reducing crosstalk between channels in the grating component.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical communication technology, and more specifically, to a wavelength division multiplexing / demultiplexing device and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing demands for information transmission, wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) demultiplexing devices are increasingly used in communications due to their high information carrying capacity and low cost. Currently, in the design structure of WDM demultiplexers, when the number of signal transmission channels is relatively large, grating schemes are typically used. Grating-based WDM demultiplexers mainly include echelle gratings (EG) and arrayed waveguide gratings (AWG). The design of WDM demultiplexers needs to simultaneously consider performance characteristics such as loss, passband bandwidth, and crosstalk. However, due to the small spacing between multiple channels in the grating, phase noise significantly affects transmission, causing crosstalk and failing to meet practical application requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a wavelength division multiplexing / demultiplexing device and electronic device to improve the crosstalk problem of grating-based wavelength division multiplexing / demultiplexing devices in the prior art.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, in a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a wavelength division multiplexing / demultiplexing device, the device comprising: a signal source, a processing component, and a grating component;

[0005] The processing component and the grating component are cascaded together.

[0006] The signal source is used to output optical signals;

[0007] The processing component works in conjunction with the grating component, wherein the processing component is used to perform wavelength division processing on the optical signal; and the grating component is used to transmit the optical signal.

[0008] In the above implementation process, a corresponding processing component is connected before or after the grating component. The optical signal is output through the signal source, the optical signal is processed by the processing component through wavelength division, and the optical signal is transmitted through the grating component. The processing component and the grating component work together to process the optical signal. While making full use of the scalable advantage of the number of channels of the grating component, the distance between each channel of the grating component can be increased based on the wavelength division processing of the processing component without changing the physical parameters of the grating component channels. This effectively reduces the space volume occupied by the grating component and reduces the phase noise caused by the small channel distance in the grating component, thereby reducing crosstalk between channels in the grating component and meeting the processing needs of various optical communication application scenarios.

[0009] Optionally, the processing component includes a lattice structure based on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.

[0010] In the above implementation process, the processing component may include: a lattice MZI device based on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, which can cascade, connect in parallel or interconnect multiple Mach-Zehnder interferometer units according to a specific topology to form a complex, programmable integrated photonic chip, thereby performing corresponding wavelength division processing on the optical signal and suppressing crosstalk between the channels in the grating component.

[0011] Optionally, in the first structure, the grating assembly is provided with n first input terminals and m first output channels; n is a positive even number greater than or equal to 2, and m is a positive even number greater than or equal to 8.

[0012] The processing component is provided with n second output terminals;

[0013] Each of the second output terminals is connected to the corresponding first input terminal.

[0014] In the above implementation process, when the processing component and the grating component work together, the processing component can be cascaded before the grating component, that is, the second output terminal of the processing component is connected to the first input terminal of the grating component. Considering the wave division characteristics of the processing component, the grating component can be provided with an even number of first input terminals, which are respectively connected to the corresponding second output terminals. Furthermore, based on the actual needs of wavelength division multiplexing and demultiplexing functions, multiple first output channels can be provided to achieve multi-channel beam splitting transmission function with scalable channels.

[0015] Optionally, in the first structure, when n equals 2, the second input terminal of the processing component is connected to the signal source;

[0016] The processing component is used to perform wavelength filtering on the optical signal to obtain m wavelength passband signals; and to classify the m wavelength passband signals by interval to obtain n first wavelength passband group signals, each of the second output terminals being used to output the corresponding first wavelength passband group signal; wherein, each first wavelength passband group signal includes multiple wavelength passband signals with intervals.

[0017] The grating assembly is used for interval transmission based on n signals of the first wavelength passband group, and each of the first output channels is used to output the corresponding wavelength passband signal.

[0018] In the above implementation process, when n is 2, the processing component may include a single-layer structure, with its second input terminal directly connected to the signal source. The processing component can perform wavelength filtering on the received optical signal to obtain multiple wavelength passband signals equal to the number of first output channels, and classify the multiple wavelength passband signals by interval to obtain a first wavelength passband group signal equal to the number of first input terminals. Each first wavelength channel group signal includes multiple wavelength passband signals with intervals. Each second output terminal in the processing component is used to output a corresponding first wavelength passband group signal, so that the grating component can transmit the optical signal at intervals based on multiple first wavelength passband group signals, and each first output channel outputs the corresponding wavelength channel signal in all first wavelength channel group signals. Without changing the physical parameters of the channel interval of the grating component, the interval between each channel when the grating component transmits signals can be increased, thereby reducing the phase noise caused by the channel distance of the optical signal being too close when the grating component transmits signals, and reducing crosstalk caused by phase error.

[0019] Optionally, in the first structure, when n is greater than 2, the processing component includes a front-end processor and a back-end processor;

[0020] The pre-processor's input terminal is connected to the signal source, the pre-processor's output terminal is connected to the second input terminal of the post-processor, and the post-processor's second output terminal is connected to the corresponding first input terminal.

[0021] The front-end processor is used to perform wavelength filtering on the optical signal to obtain m wavelength passband signals, and to perform first-level interval classification on the m wavelength passband signals to obtain n / 2 second wavelength passband group signals;

[0022] Each of the preamplifier output terminals is used to output the corresponding second wavelength passband group signal; wherein each second wavelength passband group signal includes a plurality of wavelength passband signals spaced apart;

[0023] The post-processor is used to receive the corresponding second wavelength passband group signal and perform a second-level interval classification on the multiple wavelength passbands within the second wavelength passband group signal to obtain n third wavelength passband group signals;

[0024] Each of the second output terminals is used to output the corresponding third wavelength passband group signal; wherein each third wavelength passband group signal includes a plurality of wavelength passband signals spaced apart;

[0025] The grating assembly is used to transmit signals at intervals based on n third wavelength passband group signals, and each of the first output channels is used to output the corresponding wavelength passband signal;

[0026] Wherein, the first passband spacing of the plurality of wavelength passband signals in the second wavelength passband group signal is smaller than the second passband spacing of the plurality of wavelength passband signals in the third wavelength passband group signal.

[0027] In the above implementation process, when n is greater than 2, to achieve normal signal transmission, the processing component can include a multi-layer structure, namely a pre-processor and a post-processor. The pre-processor's pre-stage input is connected to the signal source, and its pre-stage output is connected to the second input of the post-processor. Multiple second outputs of multiple post-processors are connected to their corresponding first inputs. The pre-processor can perform wavelength filtering on the received optical signal to obtain multiple wavelength passband signals equal to the number of first output channels, and then classify these multiple wavelength passband signals by spacing to obtain n / 2 second wavelength passband group signals. Each second wavelength passband group signal includes multiple spaced wavelength passband signals. Each pre-stage output can output a corresponding second wavelength passband group signal. The post-processor can perform a second-level spacing classification on the multiple wavelength passbands within the received second wavelength passband group signals to obtain multiple third wavelength passband group signals equal to the number of first inputs. Each third wavelength passband group signal includes multiple spaced wavelength passband signals. Each second output terminal can output a corresponding third wavelength passband group signal, enabling the grating assembly to transmit optical signals at intervals based on multiple third wavelength passband group signals. Each first output channel outputs the corresponding wavelength channel signal from all third wavelength passband group signals. This increases the spacing between channels during signal transmission without changing the physical parameters of the grating assembly's channel spacing, thereby reducing phase noise caused by excessively close channel distances and minimizing crosstalk due to phase errors. Furthermore, the wavelength gaps are not identical in the two-level spacing classification. The first passband spacing of multiple wavelength passband signals in the second wavelength passband group is smaller than the second passband spacing of multiple wavelength passband signals in the third wavelength passband group, further increasing the spacing between wavelength passbands during optical signal transmission. This allows for multiple wavelength passband signals of different sizes to be accommodated within a larger spacing, reducing the passband gap between adjacent wavelength passband signals. This reduces the overall wavelength range required for the signal source to transmit the optical signal, achieving multi-channel wavelength passband signal transmission within a smaller wavelength range and reducing the signal source's energy consumption.

[0028] Optionally, in the first structure, n is determined based on the gap requirement of the passband gap between the wavelength passband signals output by the first output channel;

[0029] The gap requirement is determined based on the wavelength range requirement of the signal source.

[0030] In the above implementation process, the larger n is, the larger the interval between multiple wavelength passband signals in each wavelength passband group signal is during transmission, and the smaller the passband gap between optical signals of different wavelength passbands output by the grating component is. Therefore, the gap requirement between the wavelength passband signals output by the first output channel of the grating component can be determined first according to the wavelength range requirement supported by the signal source and with low energy consumption. Then, based on the gap requirement, the specific value of n can be determined. This can reduce the wavelength range of the optical signals sent by the signal source while realizing multi-channel signal transmission, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the signal source.

[0031] Optionally, in the first structure, a waveguide array is provided in the grating assembly;

[0032] The waveguide array is used to compensate for the phase offset of the n first input terminals.

[0033] In the above implementation process, since the grating assembly is provided with multiple first input terminals, and each first input terminal has a phase offset from the center of the optical axis, the phase offset of each first input terminal can be specifically compensated based on the waveguide array provided in the grating assembly, so as to improve the phase accuracy of the optical signal output by each first output channel.

[0034] Optionally, in the second structure, the grating assembly is provided with one first input terminal and c first output channels; c is a positive even number greater than or equal to 2.

[0035] The processing component is provided with c second input terminals and 2c second output terminals;

[0036] Each of the first output channels is connected to the corresponding second input terminal.

[0037] In the above implementation process, when the processing component and the grating component work together, the processing component can be cascaded after the grating component, meaning the second output of the processing component is connected to the first output channel of the grating component. Considering the wave division characteristics of the processing component, the grating component can have an even number of first output channels, each connected to a second input. Furthermore, based on the actual needs of wavelength division multiplexing / demultiplexing, multiple first output channels can be configured to achieve scalable multi-channel beam splitting transmission.

[0038] Optionally, in the second structure, the first input terminal of the grating assembly is connected to the signal source;

[0039] The grating assembly is used to split the optical signal into beams and transmit them at intervals to obtain c fourth wavelength passband group signals. Each of the first output channels outputs the corresponding fourth wavelength passband group signal. Each fourth wavelength passband group signal includes multiple wavelength passband signals with intervals.

[0040] The processing component includes c processors; each processor is provided with one second input terminal and two second output terminals; each processor is used to perform beam splitting and transmission of multiple wavelength passband signals in the received fourth wavelength passband group signal, and each second output terminal is used to output the corresponding wavelength passband signal.

[0041] In the above implementation process, the first input terminal of the grating assembly can be connected to a signal source to split and transmit the optical signal emitted by the signal source at intervals, obtaining multiple fourth wavelength passband group signals. Each fourth wavelength passband group signal includes multiple wavelength passband signals with intervals. Each first output channel can output a corresponding fourth wavelength passband group signal. The processing component can include multiple processors with the same number as the first output channels. Each processor is connected to a corresponding first output channel to receive multiple wavelength passband signals in the fourth wavelength passband group signals and split and transmit the multiple wavelength channel signals. The corresponding wavelength passband signal is output by each second output terminal. This method can increase the spacing between channels of the grating assembly during signal transmission without changing the physical parameters of the channel spacing, thereby reducing the phase noise caused by the close proximity of the optical signal channels during signal transmission and reducing crosstalk caused by phase errors.

[0042] Optionally, in the second structure, c is determined based on the gap requirement of the passband gap between the wavelength passband signals output by the second output terminal and the device cost requirement;

[0043] The gap requirement is determined based on the wavelength range requirement of the signal source.

[0044] In the above implementation process, the larger c is, the larger the interval between multiple wavelength passband signals in each wavelength passband group signal is during transmission, the more processors are required, and the smaller the passband gap between optical signals of different wavelength passbands output by the grating component. Therefore, the gap requirement between the wavelength passband signals output by the second output terminal of the processing component can be determined first based on the wavelength range requirements supported by the signal source and with low energy consumption. Then, based on the gap requirement and specific device cost requirements, the specific value of c can be determined. This can reduce the wavelength range of the optical signals sent by the signal source while realizing multi-channel signal transmission, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the signal source and balancing the device cost of the processing component.

[0045] Optionally, the grating assembly includes a stepped grating or an arrayed waveguide grating.

[0046] In the above implementation process, the grating assembly can include various grating structures with scalable channel counts, such as stepped gratings or arrayed waveguide gratings, which can take advantage of the scalable channel count of the grating assembly to optimize the processing performance of wavelength division multiplexing and demultiplexing devices.

[0047] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device, which includes the wavelength division multiplexing / demultiplexing device described in any one of the first aspects above.

[0048] In summary, the embodiments of this application provide a wavelength division multiplexing / demultiplexing device and electronic device, which can connect corresponding processing components before or after the grating assembly. The processing components perform wavelength division processing on the optical signal, so as to coordinate the processing components and the grating assembly to process the optical signal. While making full use of the scalable advantage of the number of channels of the grating assembly, the wavelength division processing of the processing component increases the distance between the channels of the grating assembly during processing, thereby reducing the phase noise caused by the small channel distance in the grating assembly, and reducing the crosstalk between the channels in the grating assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0049] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0050] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a wavelength division multiplexing / demultiplexing device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the specific structure of the first wavelength division multiplexing / demultiplexing device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the output of the first type of second output terminal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the output of the first output channel in a first type of embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the second wavelength division multiplexing / demultiplexing device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0055] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram illustrating the output of the second type of second output terminal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0056] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the output of the second type of first output channel provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0057] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the specific structure of the third wavelength division multiplexing / demultiplexing device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0058] Icons: 100 - Signal source; 200 - Processing component; 300 - Raster assembly; 310 - First input terminal; 320 - First output channel; 210 - Second input terminal; 220 - Second output terminal; 231 - Pre-processor; 232 - Pre-processor input terminal; 233 - Pre-processor output terminal; 240 - Post-processor. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the embodiments of this application.

[0060] In the design of wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) demultiplexers, when the number of signal transmission channels is relatively large, existing technologies typically use grating schemes to design WDM demultiplexing devices. Grating-based WDM demultiplexing devices mainly include stepped gratings and arrayed waveguide gratings. The design of WDM demultiplexers needs to simultaneously consider performance characteristics such as loss, passband bandwidth, and crosstalk. However, due to device size limitations, the spacing between multiple channels in the grating is small, leading to significant phase noise during transmission and causing crosstalk, which fails to meet practical application requirements.

[0061] To address the aforementioned issues, embodiments of this application provide a wavelength division multiplexing / demultiplexing device and electronic device. This device can connect corresponding processing components before or after a grating assembly. The processing components perform wavelength division processing on the optical signal, enabling collaborative processing of the optical signal by both the processing components and the grating assembly. While fully utilizing the scalable advantage of the grating assembly's channel count, the wavelength division processing by the processing components increases the distance between channels during grating assembly processing, thereby reducing phase noise caused by insufficient channel spacing within the grating assembly and minimizing crosstalk between channels.

[0062] Optionally, the wavelength division multiplexing and demultiplexing device provided in this application embodiment can be installed in various types of electronic devices, such as optical sensing and measurement devices, laser devices, optical communication and information processing devices, imaging and display devices, etc.

[0063] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wavelength division multiplexing and demultiplexing device provided in an embodiment of this application. The wavelength division multiplexing and demultiplexing device may include: a signal source 100, a processing component 200, and a grating component 300.

[0064] The processing component 200 and the grating component 300 are cascaded. The signal source 100 is used to output optical signals. The processing component 200 and the grating component 300 work together. The processing component 200 is used to perform wavelength division processing on the optical signals. The grating component 300 is used to transmit the optical signals.

[0065] Optionally, the signal source 100 can be a light source, optical fiber, or other device capable of outputting optical signals. The grating assembly 300 can include various grating structures with scalable channel counts, such as stepped gratings or arrayed waveguide gratings. It can separate or combine several to hundreds of wavelength channels in a single device with high consistency. Moreover, as the number of channels increases, the physical size and complexity of the device increase relatively slowly. The scalable channel count of the grating assembly 300 can be used to optimize the processing performance of wavelength division multiplexing and demultiplexing devices.

[0066] It should be noted that the processing component 200 can be cascaded before or after the grating component 300. Connecting the corresponding processing component 200 before or after the grating component 300 allows for the output of an optical signal from the signal source 100. The processing component 200 performs wavelength division processing on the optical signal, and the grating component 300 transmits the optical signal. This collaborative processing of the processing component 200 and the grating component 300 effectively utilizes the scalable channel count of the grating component 300. Without altering the physical parameters of the grating component 300 channels, the wavelength division processing of the processing component 200 increases the distance between channels during processing by the grating component 300. This effectively reduces the space occupied by the grating component 300 and decreases the phase noise caused by insufficient channel spacing, thereby reducing crosstalk between channels and meeting the processing needs of various optical communication applications.

[0067] Optionally, Figure 1 The illustration shows a feasible embodiment in which a processing component 200 is cascaded before a grating component 300.

[0068] It should be noted that the processing component 200 includes: a lattice MZI device based on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, such as a Mach-Zehnder interferometer lattice or waveguide array MZI. This device is a complex, programmable integrated photonic chip formed by cascading, paralleling, or interconnecting multiple Mach-Zehnder interferometer units according to a specific topology. This chip performs corresponding wavelength division processing on the optical signal and suppresses crosstalk between channels in the grating component 300. Each MZI unit contains two adjustable phase controllers and a cascaded N-unit lattice MZI network with approximately 2N adjustable parameters. These phases can be adjusted in real time through electro-optic and thermo-optic effects, allowing for dynamic and precise reconfiguration of the passband gap of the optical signal.

[0069] Optionally, when the processing component 200 and the grating component 300 perform collaborative processing, the processing component 200 can be cascaded before the grating component 300, i.e., the second output terminal 220 of the processing component 200 is connected to the first input terminal 310 of the grating component 300. The grating component 300 can have n first input terminals 310 and m first output channels 320. n is a positive even number greater than or equal to 2, and m is a positive even number greater than or equal to 8. Correspondingly, the processing component 200 can have n second output terminals 220, each second output terminal 220 being connected to a corresponding first input terminal 310. Considering the wave division characteristics of the processing component 200, the grating component 300 can have an even number of first input terminals 310, each connected to a corresponding second output terminal 220. Furthermore, based on the actual needs of wavelength division multiplexing and demultiplexing functions, multiple first output channels 320 can be set to achieve a multi-channel beam splitting transmission function with scalable channels.

[0070] Optionally, m is usually set to different powers of 2. Taking the case of m=8, i.e. the goal is to output signals with 8 different wavelength passbands, as an example, the specific structure of the wavelength division multiplexing and demultiplexing device can be explained.

[0071] Optionally, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 The diagram below shows the specific structure of the first wavelength division multiplexing and demultiplexing device provided in the embodiments of this application. When n equals 2, the processing component 200 can be a single-layer structure, for example, containing only one processor (the processor is also a corresponding lattice MZI device). The second input terminal 210 of the processing component 200 is directly connected to the signal source 100.

[0072] The processing component 200 performs wavelength filtering on the optical signal to obtain m wavelength passband signals; and classifies the m wavelength passband signals by interval to obtain n first wavelength passband group signals. Each second output terminal 220 is used to output the corresponding first wavelength passband group signal; wherein each first wavelength passband group signal includes multiple wavelength passband signals with intervals. The grating component 300 is used for interval transmission based on the n first wavelength passband group signals, and each first output channel 320 is used to output the corresponding wavelength passband signal. The processing component 200 can perform wavelength filtering on the received optical signal to obtain multiple wavelength passband signals equal in number to the first output channel 320, and classify the multiple wavelength passband signals by interval to obtain a first wavelength passband group signal equal in number to the first input terminal 310. Each first wavelength channel group signal includes multiple wavelength passband signals with intervals. Each second output terminal 220 in the processing component 200 is used to output a corresponding first wavelength passband group signal, so that the grating component 300 can transmit the optical signal at intervals based on multiple first wavelength passband group signals, and each first output channel 320 outputs the corresponding wavelength channel signal in all first wavelength channel group signals. It can expand the interval between each channel of the grating component 300 when transmitting signals without changing the physical parameters of the channel interval of the grating component 300, thereby reducing the phase noise caused by the channel distance of the optical signal being too close when the grating component 300 transmits signals, and reducing crosstalk caused by phase error.

[0073] Optionally, please refer to Figures 3-4 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the output of the first type of second output terminal provided in this application embodiment. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the output of the first output channel provided in the embodiments of this application. The optical signal output by the signal source 100 may include signals with different wavelength passbands. The optical signal enters the processing component 200 from the second input terminal 210. When m=8, the different wavelength passbands can be simply referred to as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8. The processing component 200 can perform wavelength filtering on the optical signal. Since it has two second output terminals 220, the optical signal can be classified into two groups of first wavelength passband signals. The first wavelength passband group signal output by the first second output terminal 220 includes the four wavelength passband signals 1, 3, 5, and 7, and the first wavelength passband group signal output by the second second output terminal 220 includes the four wavelength passband signals 2, 4, 6, and 8. The output of the two second output terminals 220 can be referred to [reference needed]. Figure 3It is evident that there is a significant gap between two adjacent wavelength passband signals. The two different first wavelength passband signals are transmitted to the grating assembly 300 for processing, and the grating assembly 300 outputs eight corresponding wavelength passband signals from its eight first output channels 320. The output characteristics of the eight first output channels 320 can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 4 It is evident that there is a significant gap between the wavelength passband signals output by the two adjacent first output channels 320. This allows for the separation of signals of different wavelengths from the optical signal emitted by the signal source 100, which are then transmitted to the next stage of the system for further processing.

[0074] It should be noted that, in Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, by Figure 3 and Figure 4 It can be seen that, under the synergistic effect of the processing component 200, the crosstalk between two adjacent first output channels 320 transmitting the first group of first wavelength passband group signals is suppressed by the first output channel 320 located in the middle between the two first output channels 320 transmitting the second group of first wavelength passband group signals, and vice versa. That is, the trough between the two first output channels 320 1 and 3 corresponds to the peak of the first output channel 320 2. Therefore, the crosstalk between the two first output channels 320 1 and 3 is suppressed based on the first output channel 320 2, the crosstalk between the two first output channels 320 2 and 4 is suppressed based on the first output channel 320 3, and so on, which can further reduce the crosstalk between adjacent output channels.

[0075] Optionally, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 The diagram below shows the specific structure of the second wavelength division multiplexing / demultiplexing device provided in this application embodiment. When n is greater than 2, in order to achieve normal signal transmission, the processing component 200 may include a multi-layer structure, that is, the processing component 200 may include a front-end processor 231 and a back-end processor 240. Each front-end processor 231 and each back-end processor 240 has a corresponding input terminal and two output terminals.

[0076] Optionally, the pre-processor 231 and the post-processor 240 are also corresponding lattice MZI devices. When n is large, the post-processor 240 may also include multiple processors at different levels. Figure 5 Taking n=4 as an example, this includes one pre-processor 231 and two parallel post-processors 240. Other multi-level structures are similar. Figure 5 The principle is similar and will not be elaborated further.

[0077] The pre-processor 231 has its pre-processor input 232 connected to the signal source 100, its pre-processor output 233 connected to the second input 210 of the post-processor 240, and its second output 220 connected to the corresponding first input 310. The pre-processor 231 performs wavelength filtering on the optical signal to obtain m wavelength passband signals, and performs a first-level interval classification on the m wavelength passband signals to obtain n / 2 second wavelength passband group signals. Each pre-processor output 233 outputs the corresponding second wavelength passband group signal; each second wavelength passband group signal includes multiple wavelength passband signals with intervals. The post-processor 240 receives the corresponding second wavelength passband group signals and performs a second-level interval classification on the multiple wavelength passbands within the second wavelength passband group signals to obtain n third wavelength passband group signals. Each second output 220 outputs the corresponding third wavelength passband group signal; each third wavelength passband group signal includes multiple wavelength passband signals with intervals. The grating assembly 300 is used for interval transmission based on n third wavelength passband group signals, and each first output channel 320 is used to output the corresponding wavelength passband signal. The pre-stage input terminal 232 of the pre-stage processor 231 is connected to the signal source 100, and the pre-stage output terminal 233 is connected to the second input terminal 210 of the post-stage processor 240. The multiple second output terminals 220 of the multiple post-stage processors are connected to the corresponding first input terminals 310. The pre-stage processor 231 can perform wavelength filtering on the received optical signal to obtain multiple wavelength passband signals equal in number to the first output channels 320, and classify the multiple wavelength passband signals by interval to obtain n / 2 second wavelength passband group signals. Each second wavelength passband group signal includes multiple wavelength passband signals with intervals. Each pre-amplifier output 233 can output a corresponding second wavelength passband group signal. The post-amplifier processor 240 can perform a second-level spacing classification on the multiple wavelength passbands within the received second wavelength passband group signals to obtain multiple third wavelength passband group signals, the same number as the first input 310. Each third wavelength passband group signal includes multiple wavelength passband signals with spacing. Each second output 220 can output a corresponding third wavelength passband group signal, enabling the grating assembly 300 to transmit optical signals at intervals based on multiple third wavelength passband group signals. Each first output channel 320 outputs the corresponding wavelength channel signal from all third wavelength passband group signals. This expands the spacing between channels during signal transmission of the grating assembly 300 without changing the physical parameters of the channel spacing, thereby reducing the phase noise caused by the close channel distance of the optical signal during signal transmission and reducing crosstalk caused by phase errors.

[0078] Optionally, please refer to Figures 6-7 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the output of the second type of second output terminal provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the output of the second type of first output channel provided in this application embodiment. The optical signal output by the signal source 100 may include signals with different wavelength passbands. The optical signal enters the pre-processor 231 from the pre-stage input terminal 232. When m=8, the different wavelength passbands can be simply referred to as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8. The pre-processor 231 can perform wavelength filtering on the optical signal. Since it has two pre-stage output terminals 233, the optical signal can be divided into 4 / 2 = 2 second wavelength passband groups. The second wavelength passband group signal output by the first pre-stage output terminal 233 includes the four wavelength passband signals 1, 3, 5, and 7. The second wavelength passband group signal output by the second pre-stage output terminal 233 includes the four wavelength passband signals 2, 4, 6, and 8. The output of the two pre-stage output terminals 233 is similar to... Figure 3 The situation is similar. Two different second wavelength passband group signals are transmitted to two post-processors 240 for processing. The first post-processor 240 performs a second-level interval classification on the four wavelength passband signals 1, 3, 5, and 7 to obtain two third wavelength passband group signals. The third wavelength passband group signal output by the first second output terminal 220 of the first post-processor 240 includes the two wavelength passband signals 1 and 5, and the third wavelength passband group signal output by the second second output terminal 220 includes the two wavelength passband signals 3 and 7. The second post-processor 240 performs a second-level interval classification on the four wavelength passband signals of wavelengths 2, 4, 6, and 8, resulting in two third wavelength passband groups. The third wavelength passband group signal output by the first second output terminal 220 of the second post-processor 240 includes the wavelength passband signals of wavelengths 2 and 6, and the third wavelength passband group signal output by the second second output terminal 220 includes the wavelength passband signals of wavelengths 4 and 8. That is, the two post-processors 240 obtain a total of four third wavelength passband group signals. The output of the four second output terminals 220 of the two post-processors 240 can be found in [reference missing]. Figure 6 It is evident that there is a significant gap between two adjacent wavelength passband signals. The second output terminal 220 of the post-processor 240 transmits the four different third wavelength passband group signals to the grating assembly 300 for processing. The grating assembly 300 then outputs the corresponding eight wavelength passband signals from its eight first output channels 320. The output characteristics of the eight first output channels 320 can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 7 It is evident that there is a significant gap between the wavelength passband signals output by the two adjacent first output channels 320. This allows for the separation of signals of different wavelengths from the optical signal emitted by the signal source 100, which are then transmitted to the next stage of the system for further processing.

[0079] Furthermore, it should be noted that the reference... Figure 3 and Figure 6 It is known that the first passband spacing of multiple wavelength passband signals in the second wavelength passband group signal is smaller than the second passband spacing of multiple wavelength passband signals in the third wavelength passband group signal. For example, the first passband spacing of 1 and 3 in the second wavelength passband group signal is smaller than the second channel gap of 1 and 5 in the third wavelength channel group signal. The gaps between wavelengths are not the same when classifying the two levels of spacing. The first passband spacing of multiple wavelength passband signals in the second wavelength passband group signal is smaller than the second passband spacing of multiple wavelength passband signals in the third wavelength passband group signal. This can further increase the spacing between each wavelength passband during optical signal transmission, thereby accommodating multiple different wavelength passband signals in a larger gap. This eliminates the need to set a long passband gap to accommodate the intermediate wavelength passband signal, reduces the passband gap between two adjacent wavelength passband signals, and thus reduces the overall wavelength range required for the optical signal transmitted by the signal source 100. This enables multi-channel wavelength passband signal transmission within a smaller wavelength range, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the signal source 100.

[0080] It should be noted that, in Figure 2 and Figure 5 In the illustrated embodiment, the larger n is, the greater the interval between multiple wavelength passband signals in each wavelength passband group signal during transmission, and the smaller the passband gap between optical signals of different wavelength passbands output by the grating assembly 300. Therefore, n can be determined based on the gap requirement of the passband gap between the wavelength passband signals output by the first output channel 320, and the gap requirement can be determined based on the wavelength range requirement of the signal source 100. The gap requirement of the passband gap between the wavelength passband signals output by the first output channel 320 of the grating assembly 300 can be determined first based on the wavelength range requirement supported by the signal source 100 and with low power consumption, and then the specific value of n can be determined based on the gap requirement. This allows for the reduction of the wavelength range of the optical signals sent by the signal source 100 while achieving multi-channel signal transmission, thereby reducing the power consumption of the signal source 100.

[0081] For example, the wavelength range requirement can be that the signal source 100 can emit optical signals with an overall wavelength range of 100nm. Based on the actual wavelength range requirement, combined with the number of m and the length of each wavelength passband, a suitable passband gap length can be determined, for example, 5nm, as the gap requirement. Then, based on the gap requirement, a suitable specific value of n can be selected.

[0082] It should be noted that the difference between the end and start positions of each wavelength passband, i.e. the passband length, varies slightly, but is generally equal, for example, all within 19.9-20.1 nm. There are also slight differences between the gaps between multiple passbands, but they are also generally equal, for example, all within 4.9-5.1 nm.

[0083] Optionally, since the grating assembly 300 has multiple first input terminals 310, and each first input terminal 310 has a phase offset from the center of the optical axis, a waveguide array is provided in the grating assembly 300. The parameters in the waveguide array can be set based on simulation results so that the waveguide array can compensate for the phase offset of the n first input terminals 310. The phase offset of each first input terminal 310 can be specifically compensated based on the waveguide array provided in the grating assembly 300 to improve the phase accuracy of the optical signal output by each first output channel 320.

[0084] It should be noted that, in Figure 5 In the illustrated embodiment, the principle of suppressing crosstalk between the various first output channels 320 under the cooperative action of the processing component 200 is the same as... Figure 2 Similar to those in the text, I will not elaborate further.

[0085] Optionally, please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the specific structure of the third wavelength division multiplexing / demultiplexing device provided in this application embodiment. When the processing component 200 and the grating component 300 perform collaborative processing, the processing component 200 can be cascaded after the grating component 300, meaning the second output terminal 220 of the processing component 200 is connected to the first output channel 320 of the grating component 300. The grating component 300 has one first input terminal 310 and c first output channels 320; c is a positive even number greater than or equal to 2. The processing component 200 has c second input terminals 210 and 2c second output terminals 220, with each first output channel 320 connected to its corresponding second input terminal 210. Considering the wave division characteristics of the processing component 200, an even number of first output channels 320 can be set in the grating component 300 to be connected to each second input terminal 210 respectively. Furthermore, multiple first output channels 320 can be set based on the actual needs of wavelength division multiplexing and demultiplexing functions to realize multi-channel beam splitting transmission function with channel scalability.

[0086] It should be noted that c is usually set to different powers of 2. Figure 8 The example of c=4 is used to illustrate the conclusion.

[0087] The grating assembly 300 has a first input terminal 310 connected to the signal source 100. The grating assembly 300 is used to split and transmit the optical signal at intervals to obtain c fourth wavelength passband group signals. Each first output channel 320 outputs the corresponding fourth wavelength passband group signal. Each fourth wavelength passband group signal includes multiple wavelength passband signals with intervals. The processing assembly 200 includes c processors. Each processor has one second input terminal 210 and two second output terminals 220. Each processor is used to split and transmit the multiple wavelength passband signals in the received fourth wavelength passband group signals, and each second output terminal 220 outputs the corresponding wavelength passband signal. The first input terminal 310 of the grating assembly 300 can be connected to the signal source 100 to perform beam splitting and interval transmission of the optical signal emitted by the signal source 100, obtaining multiple fourth wavelength passband group signals. Each fourth wavelength channel group signal includes multiple wavelength passband signals with intervals. Each first output channel 320 can output a corresponding fourth wavelength passband group signal. The processing assembly 200 can include multiple processors, the same number as the first output channels 320. Each processor is connected to the corresponding first output channel 320 to receive multiple wavelength passband signals in the fourth wavelength passband group signals and perform beam splitting and transmission of the multiple wavelength channel signals, with each second output terminal 220 outputting the corresponding wavelength passband signal. This allows for increasing the spacing between channels of the grating assembly 300 during signal transmission without changing the physical parameters of the channel spacing, thereby reducing the phase noise caused by the close proximity of the optical signal channels during signal transmission and reducing crosstalk caused by phase errors.

[0088] Optionally, when c=4, it can output 2c, that is, 8 wavelength passband signals. These different wavelength passbands can be simply referred to as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8. The grating assembly 300 can perform beam-splitting transmission of optical signals with multiple different wavelength passbands, resulting in four fourth wavelength passband group signals: 1, 5; 3, 7; 2, 6; 4, 8. The output of the first output channel 320 of the grating assembly 300 is similar to... Figure 6 Similarly, four different fourth wavelength passband group signals are transmitted to multiple processors for processing. The four processors and eight second output terminals 220 then split and transmit the corresponding eight wavelength passband signals. The output of the eight second output terminals 220 is similar to... Figure 7 similar.

[0089] It should be noted that, in Figure 8In the illustrated embodiment, the larger the value of c, the greater the interval between transmissions of multiple wavelength passband signals in each wavelength passband group signal, the more processors are required, and the smaller the passband gap between optical signals of different wavelength passbands output by the grating component 300. Therefore, c can be determined based on the gap requirement between the wavelength passband signals output by the second output terminal 220 and the device cost requirement. The gap requirement can be determined based on the wavelength range requirement of the signal source 100. The gap requirement between the wavelength passband signals output by the second output terminal 220 of the processing component 200 can be determined first based on the wavelength range requirement supported by the signal source 100 and with low power consumption. Then, based on the gap requirement and specific device cost requirements, the specific value of c can be determined. This allows for the reduction of the wavelength range of the optical signals sent by the signal source 100 while achieving multi-channel signal transmission, thereby reducing the power consumption of the signal source 100 and balancing the device cost of the processing component 200.

[0090] For example, the wavelength range requirement could be that signal source 100 can emit optical signals with an overall wavelength range of 100nm. Based on the actual wavelength range requirement, combined with the required number of wavelength passbands and the length of each passband, a suitable passband gap length can be determined, for example, 5nm, as the gap requirement. Device cost requirements could be a limitation on the number of processors, for example, the number of processors cannot exceed 8. Based on the gap requirement and device cost requirements, a suitable specific value for c can be selected.

[0091] Optionally, when c is large, the processing component 200 may contain a corresponding multi-layer structure, and the multi-layer structure and Figure 5 The structure and principle of the pre-processor 231 and the post-processor 240 described herein are similar and will not be repeated here.

[0092] It should be noted that, in Figure 8 In the illustrated embodiment, the principle of suppressing crosstalk between the various first output channels 320 under the cooperative action of the processing component 200 is the same as... Figure 2 Similar to those in the text, I will not elaborate further.

[0093] Optionally, Figures 2-8 In all embodiments, the grating component 300 is an arrayed waveguide grating, i.e., an AWG grating. When the grating component 300 is a stepped grating, the first input end 310 and the first output channel 320 of the stepped grating are located at the same end. However, the connection structure between the processing component 200 and the stepped grating is similar to the connection structure between the processing structure and the arrayed waveguide grating, and will not be described again.

[0094] Optionally, the wavelength division multiplexing demultiplexing device may also include a platform structure, on which the processing component 200 and the grating component 300 are both disposed. The platform structure may include various integrated optical platforms such as silicon-on-insulator (SOI), silicon nitride, or PLC.

[0095] For example, for a 16-channel 100GHz DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) device, existing solutions using a single grating (EG or AWG) would have a channel spacing of 100GHz (equivalent to approximately 0.8nm wavelength); however, in the device structure provided in this application, after wavelength division by a cascaded processing component 200, for example... Figure 2 The structure shown allows the channel spacing of the grating assembly 300 to be expanded to 200 GHz (wavelength spacing of approximately 1.6 nm) during processing; after wavelength division by two cascaded processing assemblies 200, for example... Figure 5 The structure shown allows the channel spacing of the grating assembly 300 during processing to be increased to 400 GHz (wavelength spacing of approximately 3.2 nm). This reduces phase noise caused by insufficient channel spacing during processing and minimizes crosstalk between channels in the grating assembly 300. Furthermore, the larger channel spacing accommodates more wavelength passbands, reducing the passband gap between adjacent passband signals and thus decreasing the overall wavelength range required for the optical signal transmitted by the signal source 100. The overall physical frequency spacing of the channels in the grating assembly 300 remains unchanged at 100 GHz (approximately 0.8 nm wavelength spacing). Figure 2 In the structure shown, the optical path difference of the phase-shifting structure of the cascaded processing components 200 can be set to 300~3000um.

[0096] In addition, the components in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each component can exist independently, or two or more components can be integrated to form an independent part.

[0097] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0098] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

[0099] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

Claims

1. A wavelength division multiplexing demultiplexer device, characterized by, The device comprises a signal source, a processing component and a grating component; The processing component and the grating component are connected in cascade; The signal source is used for outputting an optical signal; The processing component is used for performing wave separation processing on the optical signal in cooperation with the grating component; and the grating component is used for transmitting the optical signal; In a first structure, the grating component is provided with n first input ends and m first output channels; n is a positive even integer greater than or equal to 2, and m is a positive even integer greater than or equal to 8; the processing component is provided with n second output ends; each second output end is connected with a corresponding first input end; Or, in a second structure, the grating component is provided with one first input end and c first output channels; c is a positive even integer greater than or equal to 2; the processing component is provided with c second input ends and 2c second output ends; each first output channel is connected with a corresponding second input end.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein, Wherein, The processing component comprises a grating structure based on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.

3. The device of claim 1, wherein, Wherein, In the first structure, when n is equal to 2, the second input end of the processing component is connected with the signal source; The processing component is used for performing wavelength filtering on the optical signal to obtain m wavelength passband signals, and performing interval classification on the m wavelength passband signals to obtain n first wavelength passband group signals; each second output end is used for outputting a corresponding first wavelength passband group signal; wherein each first wavelength passband group signal comprises a plurality of wavelength passband signals with intervals; The grating component is used for interval transmission based on the n first wavelength passband group signals; and each first output channel is used for outputting a corresponding wavelength passband signal.

4. The device of claim 1, wherein, Wherein, In the first structure, when n is greater than 2, the processing component comprises a front-stage processor and a rear-stage processor; A front-stage input end of the front-stage processor is connected with the signal source, a front-stage output end of the front-stage processor is connected with a second input end of the rear-stage processor, and a second output end of the rear-stage processor is connected with a corresponding first input end; The front-stage processor is used for performing wavelength filtering on the optical signal to obtain m wavelength passband signals, and performing first-stage interval classification on the m wavelength passband signals to obtain n / 2 second wavelength passband group signals; Each front-stage output end is used for outputting a corresponding second wavelength passband group signal; wherein each second wavelength passband group signal comprises a plurality of wavelength passband signals with intervals; The rear-stage processor is used for receiving a corresponding second wavelength passband group signal, and performing second-stage interval classification on a plurality of wavelength passbands in the second wavelength passband group signal to obtain n third wavelength passband group signals; Each second output end is used for outputting a corresponding third wavelength passband group signal; wherein each third wavelength passband group signal comprises a plurality of wavelength passband signals with intervals; The grating assembly is configured to perform spaced transmission based on n third wavelength band group signals, and each first output channel is configured to output a corresponding wavelength band signal. In the first structure, a first wavelength band spacing of a plurality of wavelength band signals in the second wavelength band group signal is less than a second wavelength band spacing of a plurality of wavelength band signals in the third wavelength band group signal.

5. The device of claim 1, wherein, In the first structure, a first wavelength band spacing of a plurality of wavelength band signals in the second wavelength band group signal is less than a second wavelength band spacing of a plurality of wavelength band signals in the third wavelength band group signal. In the first structure, a first wavelength band spacing of a plurality of wavelength band signals in the second wavelength band group signal is less than a second wavelength band spacing of a plurality of wavelength band signals in the third wavelength band group signal. In the first structure, a first wavelength band spacing of a plurality of wavelength band signals in the second wavelength band group signal is less than a second wavelength band spacing of a plurality of wavelength band signals in the third wavelength band group signal.

6. The device of claim 1, wherein, In the first structure, the grating assembly is provided with a waveguide array. The waveguide array is configured to compensate for phase offsets of n first input ends. In the second structure, the first input end of the grating assembly is connected with the signal source.

7. The device of claim 1, wherein, The grating assembly is configured to perform spaced transmission based on n third wavelength band group signals, and each first output channel is configured to output a corresponding wavelength band signal. The processing assembly includes c processors, each of which is provided with one second input end and two second output ends, and each of which is configured to perform beam splitting transmission on a plurality of wavelength band signals in the received fourth wavelength band group signal, and each second output end is configured to output a corresponding wavelength band signal. In the second structure, a first wavelength band spacing of a plurality of wavelength band signals in the second wavelength band group signal is less than a second wavelength band spacing of a plurality of wavelength band signals in the third wavelength band group signal.

8. The device of claim 1, wherein, In the second structure, a first wavelength band spacing of a plurality of wavelength band signals in the second wavelength band group signal is less than a second wavelength band spacing of a plurality of wavelength band signals in the third wavelength band group signal. In the second structure, a first wavelength band spacing of a plurality of wavelength band signals in the second wavelength band group signal is less than a second wavelength band spacing of a plurality of wavelength band signals in the third wavelength band group signal. The electronic device includes the wavelength division multiplexing / demultiplexing device of any one of claims 1-9.

9. The device of any of claims 1-8, wherein, ​ ​ 10. An electronic device, comprising: ​

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