Energy storage explosion venting device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy storage explosion venting device and method, and belongs to the technical field of explosion venting. According to the invention, the two electromagnets with the same magnetic poles opposite are arranged on the explosion venting plate and right below the explosion venting plate, the electromagnets are actively electrified when thermal runaway of the battery is detected, and the explosion venting plate is rapidly and accurately opened by utilizing the generated instantaneous repulsive force. A traditional passive mode of explosion venting depending on uncontrollable explosive force is overturned, active and accurate control over the explosion venting time and the explosion venting force is achieved, container disintegration and secondary hazards caused by out-of-control explosive force are fundamentally avoided, and the safety and reliability of an energy storage system are remarkably improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of explosion venting, and more particularly to an energy storage explosion venting device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Generally, after a lithium battery experiences thermal runaway, a large amount of hydrogen and carbon monoxide will be generated, and at the same time, electrolyte vapor will be generated. At the same time, high pressure sparking will occur. If the concentration of hydrogen and carbon monoxide reaches a certain concentration, and a spark is generated, an explosion will occur. In order to release the explosion, an explosion venting device is installed in the energy storage system, and when an explosion occurs, the explosion venting device will open first to release the explosion energy.

[0003] However, when the concentration of these flammable gases is high, the impact force of the explosion will be very large, not only will it blow open the explosion venting plate, but it will also have a large impact on the entire container, and in severe cases, it will blow the container apart. The explosion splatter will not only damage the surrounding energy storage equipment, but also may cause personal injury. Based on the existing design method, the timing of opening the explosion venting plate depends on when the energy storage system will spark, and the energy storage system sparking has strong randomness and cannot be accurately controlled. If the internal gas is ignited in an active manner, the explosion venting plate can be opened by explosion, but since the battery thermal runaway situation is complex, it is difficult to control the ignition timing, and the explosion power is uncontrollable. If not properly controlled, a large power explosion will occur, resulting in effects beyond the intended design.

[0004] Therefore, how to propose an energy storage explosion venting device and method to improve explosion venting safety is a problem that those skilled in the art need to solve. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the present application provides an energy storage explosion venting device and method that can accurately control the force of opening the explosion venting plate and avoid safety accidents caused by uncontrollable explosion opening of the explosion venting plate.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions: On the one hand, the present application provides an energy storage explosion venting device applied to an energy storage container, comprising: An explosion venting plate is installed on the wall of the energy storage container to close the explosion venting port. A first electromagnet is fixedly installed on the inner side of the explosion venting plate. A second electromagnet is disposed directly below the first electromagnet, and the same polarity poles of the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet face each other. A controller is electrically connected to the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet, and is configured to energize the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet when thermal runaway is detected. The controller is electrically connected to an energy storage system in the energy storage container.

[0007] Preferably, the energy storage system comprises a battery management system and a gas sensor; The battery management system is electrically connected with each battery cell in the energy storage container, and the gas sensor is installed inside the energy storage container; The controller is electrically connected with the battery management system and the gas sensor, respectively.

[0008] Preferably, the battery management system is used for monitoring the state of the battery cell, and the gas sensor is used for detecting the thermal runaway gas.

[0009] In another aspect, the present application also discloses an energy storage explosion relief method, which is applied to the energy storage explosion relief device and comprises the following steps: Monitoring the running state of the energy storage system, monitoring the voltage of the battery cell through the battery management system, and monitoring the gas composition through the gas sensor; Judging whether the running state of the energy storage system meets the thermal runaway explosion relief trigger condition; If yes, the controller is used for electrifying the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet opposite to each other, and the repulsive magnetic force generated after electrification is used for instantaneously opening the explosion relief plate.

[0010] Preferably, the thermal runaway explosion relief trigger condition comprises a gas explosion relief trigger condition and a battery cell explosion relief trigger condition; the gas explosion relief trigger condition is detecting the thermal runaway gas; and the battery cell explosion relief trigger condition is that the voltage drop speed exceeds a preset threshold.

[0011] The detection result of the gas sensor is the first priority, and the monitoring data of the battery management system is the auxiliary judgment basis.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present application provides an energy storage explosion relief device and method, two electromagnets with the same polarity opposite to each other are arranged on the explosion relief plate and directly below the explosion relief plate, and the electromagnets are actively electrified when the battery thermal runaway is detected, and the instant repulsive force generated is used for rapidly and accurately opening the explosion relief plate. The present application overturns the passive mode of relying on uncontrollable explosion force for explosion relief in the prior art, realizes the active and accurate control of the explosion relief time and explosion relief force, fundamentally avoids the disintegration of the container and secondary hazards caused by the uncontrollable explosion power, and significantly improves the safety and reliability of the energy storage system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to make the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art clearer, the accompanying drawings needed in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description only aim to explain part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0014] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of the energy storage explosion relief device provided by the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0016] In one aspect, as Figure 1 shown, the present application provides an energy storage explosion relief device applied to an energy storage container 4, which comprises: An explosion relief plate 1 is installed on the wall surface of the energy storage container 4 for closing the explosion relief port; a first electromagnet 2 is fixedly installed on the inner side surface of the explosion relief plate 1 through various connection modes such as rivets and bolts; a second electromagnet 3 is fixedly installed on the uppermost battery pack box 5 of the energy storage container 4, located directly below the first electromagnet 1, and the same-polarity magnetic poles of the first electromagnet 1 and the second electromagnet 2 are opposite to each other. A controller is electrically connected with the first electromagnet 1 and the second electromagnet 2, used for energizing the first electromagnet 1 and the second electromagnet 2 when thermal runaway is detected. The controller is electrically connected with the energy storage system in the energy storage container 4.

[0017] The energy storage system comprises a battery management system (BMS) and a gas sensor. The battery management system is electrically connected with each battery cell in the energy storage container, and the gas sensor is installed inside the energy storage container; the controller is electrically connected with the battery management system and the gas sensor respectively.

[0018] The battery management system is used for monitoring the state of the battery cell, and the gas sensor is used for detecting thermal runaway gas.

[0019] On the other hand, the present application further discloses an energy storage explosion relief method applied to the above-mentioned energy storage explosion relief device, which comprises the following steps: S1. Monitoring the running state of the energy storage system, monitoring the battery cell voltage through the battery management system, and monitoring the gas composition through the gas sensor.

[0020] S2. Determine whether the operating state of the energy storage system meets the thermal runaway explosion relief trigger condition.

[0021] Specifically, the thermal runaway explosion relief trigger condition includes a gas explosion relief trigger condition and a cell explosion relief trigger condition; the gas explosion relief trigger condition is to detect thermal runaway gas; and the cell explosion relief trigger condition is that the voltage drop speed exceeds a preset threshold.

[0022] The thermal runaway is determined based on the gas explosion relief trigger condition. When the gas sensor detects the gas composition, such as CO or hydrogen, discharged by the battery thermal runaway, it is considered that the energy storage system has a battery thermal runaway.

[0023] The thermal runaway is determined based on the cell explosion relief trigger condition. Under normal circumstances, the battery voltage drops very slowly. If the voltage drops rapidly in a very short time, it is considered that the cell has a thermal runaway.

[0024] The determination of whether a thermal runaway occurs is based on the detection result of the gas sensor as the first priority and the monitoring data of the battery management system as the auxiliary judgment basis.

[0025] The BMS monitors the voltage and detects that a cell has a thermal runaway in the first time. After the thermal runaway occurs, a large amount of gas is sprayed out, and the gas diffuses freely to reach the sensor near the set sensor, and is detected. The embodiment determines the thermal runaway based on the detection of the gas sensor as the first priority and the voltage data monitored by the BMS as the auxiliary judgment basis.

[0026] S3. If the condition is met, the controller is powered on to the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet opposite to the magnetic pole, and the mutual repulsion magnetic force generated after the power-on instantaneously opens the explosion relief plate.

[0027] After determining the thermal runaway state, the electromagnet is powered on, and the electromagnet will immediately generate a magnetic force. Since the two electromagnets are opposite to the same magnetic pole, a large repulsive force is generated, and the explosion relief plate is opened by the large repulsive force.

[0028] Each embodiment in the specification is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments. The same or similar parts of each embodiment can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the related parts can be referred to the method part.

[0029] The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables a person skilled in the art to make or use the application. Modifications of these embodiments will occur to persons of skill in the art, and that the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications that do not depart from the true spirit and scope of the application. Therefore, the application is not limited to the embodiments shown but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An energy storage explosion relief device, applied to an energy storage container (4), characterized in that, include: An explosion relief plate (1) is installed on the wall of the energy storage container (4) to seal the explosion relief port; The first electromagnet (2) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the explosion relief plate (1); The second electromagnet (3) is placed directly below the first electromagnet (2), and the same magnetic poles of the first electromagnet (2) and the second electromagnet (3) are opposite each other; The controller is electrically connected to the first electromagnet (2) and the second electromagnet (3) and is used to energize the first electromagnet (2) and the second electromagnet (3) when thermal runaway is detected. The controller is electrically connected to the energy storage system inside the energy storage container (4).

2. The energy storage and explosion relief device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage system includes a battery management system and a gas sensor; The battery management system is electrically connected to each battery cell in the energy storage container (4), and the gas sensor is installed inside the energy storage container (4); The controller is electrically connected to both the battery management system and the gas sensor.

3. The energy storage and explosion relief device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The battery management system is used to monitor the cell status, and the gas sensor is used to detect thermal runaway gas.

4. An energy storage explosion venting method, applied to an energy storage explosion venting device as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Monitor the operating status of the energy storage system, monitor cell voltage through the battery management system, and monitor gas composition through a gas sensor; Determine whether the operating state of the energy storage system meets the thermal runaway explosion triggering conditions; If the conditions are met, the controller will energize the first and second electromagnets with opposite magnetic poles, and the explosion relief plate will be opened instantaneously by the mutual repulsive magnetic force generated after the energization.

5. The energy storage explosion venting method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The thermal runaway venting trigger conditions include gas venting trigger conditions and cell venting trigger conditions; The detection results of the gas sensor are given the highest priority in determining whether thermal runaway has occurred, while the monitoring data of the battery management system are used as an auxiliary basis for judgment.

6. The energy storage explosion venting method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The gas venting and explosion triggering condition is the detection of thermal runaway gas.

7. The energy storage explosion venting method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cell leakage trigger condition is that the voltage drop rate exceeds a preset threshold.

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