Three-layer composite fabric based on gradient moisture conduction and charge dissipation and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-layer composite fabric based on gradient moisture conduction and charge dissipation and a preparation method of the three-layer composite fabric, an inner-layer fabric realizes efficient directional transportation of sweat and source inhibition of triboelectric charges through a unique capillary force gradient network of the inner-layer fabric, and a nanofiber membrane provides partitioned antibacterial / antistatic and photo-thermal response capabilities; the outer layer guarantees rapid spreading and evaporation of moisture by means of the hydrophilic and oleophobic surface characteristics of the outer layer, continuous liquid-phase moisture delivery of the inner layer provides stable humidity excitation signals for photothermal conversion of the middle layer, sweat is rapidly removed, the galvanic effect generated by local enrichment of electrolyte is effectively inhibited, and the photothermal conversion efficiency of the middle layer is improved. According to the anti-static fabric, a secondary generation path of static electricity is blocked, a continuous conduction path is formed by microcosmic grooves of the inner-layer fabric and conductive networks of the middle layer and the outer layer, generation inhibition, rapid dissipation and dynamic neutralization of static charges are achieved, and therefore dry and comfortable wearing experience and stable anti-static protection are continuously provided in a complex use environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of layered fabric technology, and more particularly to a three-layer composite fabric based on gradient moisture conduction and charge dissipation, and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Functional textiles, as an indispensable component of modern life and industrial applications, directly impact wearer comfort, workplace safety, and even the functional stability of specific equipment. Among numerous performance indicators, efficient moisture management (i.e., wicking) and reliable electrostatic protection (i.e., charge dissipation) are particularly crucial. Especially in fields such as sportswear, outdoor gear, medical protective equipment, and electronic device operating environments, the fabric's ability to quickly transfer sweat from the skin's surface while effectively inhibiting or dissipating static charge directly determines user experience and the risk of product malfunction.

[0003] To address the aforementioned challenges, various multi-layered composite fabrics with moisture-wicking and antistatic properties have been developed in existing technologies. Typically, these fabrics employ a layered design, with each layer working synergistically to achieve specific functional objectives.

[0004] Building upon this foundation, the middle layer of the fabric often employs an electrospun nanofiber membrane with a "Janus" (double-sided) structure. One side (near the outer layer) is loaded with positively charged quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial and antistatic agents, aiming to work synergistically with the outer layer to construct a strong charge neutralization and conductivity pathway. The other side (near the inner layer) integrates photothermal conversion materials, such as indium tin oxide (ITO) nanoparticles or carbon nanotubes. When human body moisture passes through, these materials can absorb the moisture and convert it into heat energy, thereby achieving the effect of "breathable active heating" to dynamically regulate the wearer's warmth.

[0005] However, due to insufficient hydrophilicity caused by the lack of special treatment, it cannot maintain sufficient capillary force, thus forming a "moisture-wicking bottleneck." At this bottleneck, sweat cannot be smoothly transported from the absorption area to the wicking area, causing moisture to accumulate in this region. When sweat accumulates at the moisture-wicking bottleneck to form microscopic liquid films or droplets, these liquid films will undergo dynamic disturbances under the shear force generated by human movement, such as rupture, flow, or splashing. Electrolyte ions in sweat (such as Na⁺ / Cl⁻) will migrate with the liquid flow during the dynamic flow or rupture of the liquid film, leading to a transient imbalance in the charge distribution on the fiber surface and generating a new transient potential difference. Even if the initial static charge generated by friction has been partially neutralized by the Janus film in the middle layer, this current-current effect caused by the dynamic disturbance of the liquid film will still regenerate a new static charge of the same magnitude, causing the overall static electricity level of the fabric to rise again from the original level, thus manifesting as "secondary static electricity generation."

[0006] In summary, how to effectively solve the problem of sweat accumulation caused by capillary gradient mismatch in existing gradient moisture-wicking structures, and fundamentally eliminate the secondary generation of static electricity caused by it, so as to ensure the continuous dryness and high antistatic performance of composite fabrics under varying working conditions, has become a key challenge and an urgent technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a three-layer composite fabric based on gradient moisture conduction and charge dissipation, and its preparation method.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: a method for preparing a three-layer composite fabric based on gradient moisture wicking and charge dissipation, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1: The conductive polymer-modified nylon filament is woven into the outer fabric, and the fineness of the nylon filament is 0.5-1.5D;

[0010] S2: Dissolve PVDF in a mixed solvent of DMAC and acetone, and add a quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial and antistatic agent to obtain a first spinning solution; dissolve PVDF in a mixed solvent of DMAC and acetone, and add a photothermal conversion material to obtain a second spinning solution; electrospin the first and second spinning solutions simultaneously to obtain a nanofiber membrane, wherein one side of the nanofiber membrane contains octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride and the other side contains ITO nanoparticles, and the photothermal conversion material is either indium tin oxide nanoparticles or carbon nanotubes;

[0011] S3: Nylon-spandex blended yarns are woven into a knitted fabric with a honeycomb or raised dot structure using a weft knitting machine or a warp knitting machine. CO-shaped fibers are embedded into the knitted fabric by co-weaving with the blended yarns. The ratio of the number of upward-facing to downward-facing gaps in the CO-shaped fibers is 3:7-5:5. The CO-shaped fibers in the knitted fabric are subjected to regional plasma etching based on the gap direction to obtain the inner layer fabric.

[0012] S4: The outer fabric, nanofiber membrane, and inner fabric are stacked sequentially. The side of the nanofiber membrane containing quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial and antistatic agents is in contact with the outer fabric, and the other side is in contact with the inner fabric. The stacked structure is firmly bonded by hot pressing to obtain a three-layer composite fabric based on gradient moisture conduction and charge dissipation.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the conductive polymer is one of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polystyrene sulfonate, polyaniline, or polypyrrole; the surface modification process includes impregnation coating, plasma-assisted graft polymerization, or electrochemical polymerization; wherein, the impregnation coating process specifically involves: the fine D nylon filament being pretreated to increase surface active groups, then impregnated in a PEDOT:PSS aqueous dispersion with a mass fraction of 0.5% to 2.0%, reacting at a temperature of 60°C to 80°C for 10 to 30 minutes, and then drying and curing.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fiber diameter obtained by electrospinning the first spinning solution and the second spinning solution is 100-500 nm.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial and antistatic agent is benzalkonium chloride or octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, and its mass fraction in the first spinning solution is 3% to 8%; the average particle size of the indium tin oxide nanoparticles is 10 nm to 30 nm, and its mass fraction in the second spinning solution is 5% to 15%; the average diameter of the carbon nanotubes is 5 nm to 15 nm, and their length is 1 μm to 5 μm, and their mass fraction in the second spinning solution is 1% to 3%.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nylon component in the nylon-spandex blended yarn accounts for 80% to 90%, and the spandex component accounts for 10% to 20%, wherein the nylon is a multifilament or profiled yarn of 15D to 40D, and the spandex is a covered yarn of 20D to 40D.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the CO-shaped fiber is mainly made of polyester or polyamide fiber, and its cross-section is in the shape of the letter CO.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plasma etching process includes oxygen plasma treatment and fluorination treatment, wherein the inner wall of the CO-shaped fiber in the region with the notch facing downward is subjected to oxygen plasma treatment, and the inner wall of the CO-shaped fiber in the region with the notch facing upward is subjected to fluorination treatment.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen plasma treatment is carried out in a reaction chamber with a vacuum of 10 Pa to 50 Pa, with oxygen of 99.99% purity introduced at a flow rate of 50 cm3 / min to 100 cm3 / min, a radio frequency power of 50 W to 150 W, a treatment time of 60 s to 180 s, and a treatment depth of 150 nm to 250 nm.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fluorination treatment employs a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition process using hexafluoropropylene as the precursor gas. C3F6 gas is introduced into a reaction chamber with a vacuum of 5 Pa to 20 Pa at a flow rate of 20 cm3 / min to 50 cm3 / min, an RF power of 30 W to 80 W, a processing time of 90 s to 240 s, and a processing depth of 100 nm to 200 nm.

[0021] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a three-layer composite fabric based on gradient moisture conduction and charge dissipation, wherein the mass ratio between the outer fabric, the nanofiber membrane and the inner fabric is 30-50: 5-15: 40-60.

[0022] This invention addresses the shortcomings of the prior art and has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) This invention provides a method for preparing a three-layer composite fabric based on gradient moisture wicking and charge dissipation. The inner layer fabric achieves efficient directional transport of sweat and source suppression of triboelectric charge through its unique capillary gradient network. The nanofiber membrane provides zoned antibacterial / antistatic and photothermal response capabilities. The outer layer relies on its hydrophilic and oleophobic surface properties to ensure rapid spread and evaporation of moisture. Compared with the prior art, the continuous liquid phase moisture transport of the inner layer provides a stable humidity excitation signal for the photothermal conversion of the middle layer. The rapid removal of sweat effectively suppresses the current effect caused by local enrichment of electrolytes and blocks the secondary generation path of static electricity. The micro-grooves of the inner layer fabric form a continuous conductive path with the conductive network of the middle and outer layers, realizing the generation suppression, rapid dissipation and dynamic neutralization of static charge, thereby continuously providing a dry and comfortable wearing experience and stable antistatic protection in complex usage environments.

[0024] (2) In this invention, the one-way moisture-wicking ability of the inner layer is combined with the photothermal conversion function of the middle layer to quickly remove sweat and actively generate heat according to humidity conditions. When the sweat is efficiently pumped to the middle layer, it not only directly removes the sensible heat of the skin, but also, compared with the prior art, the water acts as an activator to trigger the photothermal material to convert light energy into heat energy. Part of this heat energy is used to accelerate the evaporation and heat absorption process of water from the middle layer to the outer layer, and the other part is radiated to the skin surface through heat conduction to compensate for the cold feeling caused by sweat evaporation, so that the microenvironment temperature is always stable in the comfortable range, avoiding the discomfort caused by dampness or overheating of traditional fabrics.

[0025] (3) In this invention, after plasma etching, the nanoscale roughness and chemically active sites formed on the surface of the inner CO-shaped fiber grooves are not only used to construct capillary gradients, but also greatly increase the physical interlocking area and chemical bonding opportunities with the polymer in the intermediate Janus membrane. Thus, a strong interfacial bonding force is formed during hot pressing. Compared with the prior art, it ensures that the functional nanofiber membrane will not fall off the woven / knitted base fabric during multiple mechanical stretching and washing processes. The quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial and antistatic agent is anchored on the nanofiber membrane through covalent bonding rather than physical doping, making it less prone to loss under sweat wetting and repeated friction. Thus, the durability of the antibacterial and antistatic function is achieved, which is far superior to the washability of conventional finishing processes. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method steps of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0030] Currently, most fabrics with moisture-wicking or anti-static functions adopt a design approach of functional layering, failing to fundamentally solve the problem of synergistic management of multiple physical fields such as moisture, heat, and electricity. Specifically, the moisture-wicking layer of traditional fabrics often cannot provide a continuous and stable sweat delivery, resulting in poor responsiveness of the intermediate functional layer (such as photothermal materials) due to unstable humidity input. At the same time, the moisture wicking process is disconnected from charge management, and the local accumulation of sweat on the skin surface not only causes a damp, cold, and sticky feeling, but also triggers a current-current effect due to electrolyte accumulation, leading to secondary static electricity generation.

[0031] The applicant discovered that by incorporating CO-shaped fibers into the fabric, precisely controlling the notch orientation ratio of the CO-shaped fibers, and combining this with plasma etching based on the notch orientation, a micro-groove network with directional capillary force gradients can be directly constructed in the inner layer. This structure can generate a stable and continuous sweat flow, which can act as a stable signal to activate the photothermal response of the middle Janus nanofiber membrane, and as an ion pathway to synergistically achieve bimodal conductivity with the quaternary ammonium salt within the membrane, blocking the secondary generation path of static electricity.

[0032] The three-layer composite fabric prepared in this application, based on gradient moisture wicking and charge dissipation, exhibits rapid and continuous unidirectional moisture wicking capability, efficiently pumping sweat away from the skin and allowing it to evaporate quickly, maintaining long-lasting dryness. The photothermal conversion material in the middle layer achieves sensitive and efficient active temperature regulation under the excitation of a stable humidity signal. Particularly noteworthy is its antistatic performance, which, through source suppression, process blocking, and a dual-mode conductive path, achieves highly durable electrostatic protection in both dry and humid environments.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for preparing a three-layer composite fabric based on gradient moisture conduction and charge dissipation includes the following steps:

[0034] S1: The conductive polymer-modified nylon filament is woven into the outer fabric, and the fineness of the nylon filament is 0.5-1.5D;

[0035] S2: Dissolve PVDF in a mixed solvent of DMAC and acetone, and add a quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial and antistatic agent to obtain a first spinning solution; dissolve PVDF in a mixed solvent of DMAC and acetone, and add a photothermal conversion material to obtain a second spinning solution; electrospin the first and second spinning solutions simultaneously to obtain a nanofiber membrane, one side of which contains octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, and the other side contains ITO nanoparticles; the photothermal conversion material is either indium tin oxide nanoparticles or carbon nanotubes.

[0036] S3: Nylon-spandex blended yarns are woven into a knitted fabric with a honeycomb or raised dot structure using a weft knitting machine or a warp knitting machine. CO-shaped fibers are embedded into the knitted fabric by co-weaving with the blended yarns. The ratio of the number of upward-facing to downward-facing gaps in the CO-shaped fibers is 3:7-5:5. The CO-shaped fibers in the knitted fabric are subjected to regional plasma etching based on the gap direction to obtain the inner layer fabric.

[0037] S4: The outer fabric, nanofiber membrane, and inner fabric are stacked sequentially. The side of the nanofiber membrane containing quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial and antistatic agents is in contact with the outer fabric, and the other side is in contact with the inner fabric. The stacked structure is firmly bonded by hot pressing to obtain a three-layer composite fabric based on gradient moisture conduction and charge dissipation.

[0038] In S1, the conductive polymer is one of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polystyrene sulfonate, polyaniline, or polypyrrole; the surface modification process includes impregnation coating, plasma-assisted graft polymerization, or electrochemical polymerization; the impregnation coating process specifically involves: after pretreatment to increase surface active groups, fine D nylon filaments are impregnated in a PEDOT:PSS aqueous dispersion with a mass fraction of 0.5% to 2.0%, reacted at a temperature of 60°C to 80°C for 10 to 30 minutes, and then dried and cured.

[0039] The fiber diameter obtained by electrospinning with the first and second spinning solutions is 100-500 nm.

[0040] The quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial and antistatic agent is benzalkonium chloride or octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, with a mass fraction of 3% to 8% in the first spinning solution; the average particle size of indium tin oxide nanoparticles is 10 nm to 30 nm, with a mass fraction of 5% to 15% in the second spinning solution; the average diameter of carbon nanotubes is 5 nm to 15 nm, and the length is 1 μm to 5 μm, with a mass fraction of 1% to 3% in the second spinning solution.

[0041] In nylon-spandex blended yarns, the nylon component accounts for 80% to 90%, and the spandex component accounts for 10% to 20%. The nylon is 15D to 40D multifilament or profiled yarn, and the spandex is 20D to 40D covered yarn.

[0042] CO-shaped fibers are mainly made of polyester or polyamide fibers, and their cross-section is in the shape of the letter CO.

[0043] The plasma etching process includes oxygen plasma treatment and fluorination treatment. Specifically, the inner wall of the CO-shaped fiber in the area with the notch facing downward is treated with oxygen plasma, while the inner wall of the CO-shaped fiber in the area with the notch facing upward is treated with fluorination.

[0044] Oxygen plasma treatment is carried out in a reaction chamber with a vacuum of 10 Pa to 50 Pa, with oxygen of 99.99% purity introduced at a flow rate of 50 cm3 / min to 100 cm3 / min, radio frequency power of 50 W to 150 W, treatment time of 60 s to 180 s, and treatment depth of 150 nm to 250 nm.

[0045] The fluorination process employs plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition with hexafluoropropylene as the precursor gas. C3F6 gas is introduced into a reaction chamber with a vacuum of 5 Pa to 20 Pa at a flow rate of 20 cm3 / min to 50 cm3 / min, with an RF power of 30 W to 80 W, a processing time of 90 s to 240 s, and a processing depth of 100 nm to 200 nm.

[0046] A three-layer composite fabric based on gradient moisture conduction and charge dissipation, wherein the mass ratio of the outer fabric, nanofiber membrane and inner fabric is 30-50:5-15:40-60.

[0047] The outer fabric is woven from fine D nylon filaments that have been surface-modified with a conductive polymer. The fineness of the nylon filaments is strictly controlled between 0.5D and 1.5D to ensure that the fabric possesses sufficient strength while maintaining excellent softness and density. Specifically, polyamide 6 (PA6) or polyamide 66 (PA66) polymers with a fineness of 1.0D can be used as raw materials. These polymers must possess high strength and low shrinkage characteristics to meet the requirements of subsequent processing and the performance of the final product.

[0048] The preparation of filaments typically employs melt spinning technology, followed by a high-speed stretching process to precisely control their molecular orientation and crystallinity, thereby endowing the fibers with excellent mechanical properties. Conductive polymers can be selected from poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), polyaniline (PANI), or polypyrrole (PPy). PEDOT:PSS, as an aqueous dispersion, exhibits good film-forming properties and biocompatibility. Its conductivity mechanism mainly relies on the delocalization of π electrons in the conjugated structure of PEDOT and the counterion doping effect of PSS, enabling the formation of efficient charge transport channels between PEDOT chains.

[0049] Surface modification is a key step in imparting electrical conductivity to nylon filaments, and can include various pathways such as dip coating, plasma-assisted graft polymerization, or electrochemical polymerization. For example, in the dip coating process, fine D nylon filaments are first pretreated, which typically involves immersion in a weak alkali or weak acid solution to increase the number of active functional groups such as hydroxyl or carboxyl groups on the fiber surface, thereby improving its adsorption affinity for conductive polymers.

[0050] Subsequently, the pretreated nylon filaments are immersed in a PEDOT:PSS aqueous dispersion with a mass fraction of 0.5% to 2.0%, typically using a 1.0% PEDOT:PSS dispersion. The immersion process is carried out at a temperature range of 60°C to 80°C, preferably under a constant temperature of 70°C for 10 to 30 minutes, for example, 20 minutes. This temperature range facilitates the uniform adsorption and diffusion of PEDOT:PSS molecules on the fiber surface.

[0051] After the reaction, excess dispersion on the filament surface is removed by roller pressing, followed by drying and curing at 100°C to 130°C, preferably at 120°C for 30 minutes. This curing process promotes the formation of a structurally stable conductive film of PEDOT:PSS on the fiber surface. The modified nylon filament surface is uniformly covered with a conductive polymer film with a thickness between 20 nm and 100 nm, for example, 50 nm. This film not only endows the fiber with charge transport capabilities but also exhibits a macroscopically stable surface resistivity, laying the foundation for subsequent static dissipation.

[0052] After the outer fabric is prepared, it undergoes specific physical or chemical treatments to form a rough structure on its surface at the μm level. This rough structure is one of the key features for the fabric to achieve rapid electrostatic charge dissipation and optimized moisture management. The μm-level rough structure can be achieved through various methods, such as alkali reduction treatment with a 3% to 7% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution at a temperature of 80°C to 100°C for 30 to 60 minutes. This treatment selectively hydrolyzes some of the polymer chains on the fiber surface, thereby forming an irregular uneven structure at the microscopic level.

[0053] Alternatively, microblasting can be used to create uniform micro-pits and protrusions on the fabric surface by high-speed impact of fine abrasive particles; or a rough morphology can be constructed on the fabric surface by deposition of polymer microparticles (such as polymethyl methacrylate microspheres). The surface roughness (Ra value) of the rough structure ranges from 0.8 μm to 2.5 μm, and can be controlled within 1.5 μm. This rough morphology works synergistically with the previously formed conductive polymer film to jointly construct an efficient electrostatic charge dissipation path. Its micro-irregular structure can effectively increase the charge contact area and promote the uniform distribution and conduction of charge.

[0054] Meanwhile, this rough structure also possesses inherent hydrophilicity, with its surface water contact angle controllable between 40° and 60°, for example, 50°. This characteristic allows the outer layer to preferentially and rapidly absorb tiny water droplets from the external environment, such as rainwater or snowmelt, and quickly diffuse the moisture to a larger surface area through capillary action, thereby preventing moisture accumulation in localized areas and effectively preventing a damp and cold feeling. Furthermore, the oleophobic properties of the conductive polymer film itself, with its surface oil contact angle typically greater than 80°, also endow the composite fabric with a certain degree of stain resistance, preventing the adhesion and penetration of oily stains.

[0055] The intermediate layer is an electrospun nanofiber membrane with a "Janus" (double-sided) structure. This double-sided structure endows the intermediate layer with unique asymmetric functionality. For the preparation of the nanofiber membrane, the matrix material can be polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) or polyacrylonitrile (PAN), both polymers possessing good electrospinning properties and chemical stability. The nanofiber membrane is prepared using dual-nozzle or coaxial electrospinning technology.

[0056] Dual-nozzle electrospinning technology allows for the simultaneous spinning of nanofiber membranes with distinct functions on both sides in the same process. During fabrication, precise control of process parameters such as the composition of the spinning solution, jetting speed, receiving distance, and electric field strength maintains the average diameter of the nanofibers between 100 and 500 nanometers, for example, 300 nanometers, ensuring high specific surface area and porosity. One side, with its Janus structure, is designed to face the outer layer of the composite fabric, aiming to provide strong antistatic and antibacterial properties.

[0057] The nanofiber surface is loaded with a positively charged quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial and antistatic agent, such as benzalkonium chloride or octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride. The mass fraction of the quaternary ammonium salt is controlled at 3% to 8%, for example, 5%, in the spinning solution or subsequent treatment. The quaternary ammonium salt can be immobilized on the nanofiber surface by co-spinning (i.e., dissolving it in the spinning solution and spinning it together) or by post-treatment impregnation and adsorption. The cationic active groups of the quaternary ammonium salt molecules can stably bind to the fiber surface through electrostatic adsorption or covalent bonding. The surface charge density of the nanofiber membrane loaded with quaternary ammonium salt has been measured to be 1.5 μC / m² to 3.0 μC / m², for example, 2.2 μC / m².

[0058] This high charge density is designed to work synergistically with the outer conductive polymer layer to construct a robust charge neutralization and conductivity network, effectively dissipating static charges generated by the human body and the external environment, and reducing the risk of charge accumulation. Simultaneously, quaternary ammonium salt molecules exhibit broad-spectrum antibacterial effects by disrupting the integrity of microbial cell membranes and inhibiting the activity of cellular respiratory enzymes, thereby inhibiting microbial growth on the fabric surface and maintaining the cleanliness and hygiene of the fabric.

[0059] The other side of the Janus structure, designed to face the inner layer of the composite fabric, primarily functions to achieve "breathable active heating." Photothermal conversion materials, such as indium tin oxide (ITO) nanoparticles or carbon nanotubes (CNTs), are integrated into the nanofibers on this side.

[0060] ITO nanoparticles are widely used due to their excellent light absorption and electrical conductivity in the near-infrared band. Their average particle size is typically controlled between 10 and 30 nanometers, for example, 20 nanometers, and they are dispersed in nanofibers at a mass fraction of 5% to 15%, preferably 10%. Carbon nanotubes have attracted much attention due to their extremely high specific surface area and strong absorption characteristics over a wide spectral range. Their average diameter is typically 5 to 15 nanometers, and their length is 1 to 5 μm. They are dispersed in nanofibers at a mass fraction of 1% to 3%, for example, 2%.

[0061] The core function of photothermal conversion materials lies in absorbing infrared radiation energy from human body moisture or solar radiation energy from the environment and efficiently converting it into heat energy. When moisture, or water vapor, produced by the human body passes through the intermediate layer, the photothermal conversion material absorbs the infrared energy carried by the moisture molecules and converts it into localized heat, thereby raising the local temperature of the intermediate layer. This "breathable active heating" mechanism can dynamically regulate the wearer's warmth, providing additional heat support in damp and cold environments, maintaining the balance of the body's core temperature, preventing a sudden drop in body surface temperature due to heat absorption by sweat evaporation, and enhancing wearing comfort.

[0062] The inner layer, which comes into direct contact with the wearer's skin, is made of a nylon / spandex blended yarn knit fabric with a honeycomb or dotted structure, and innovatively incorporates CO-shaped fibers treated with plasma etching. The nylon / spandex blended yarn has a nylon component of 80% to 90%, such as 85%, to provide excellent abrasion resistance, strength, and elastic recovery; the spandex component has a nylon component of 10% to 20%, such as 15%, to give the fabric good elasticity and a comfortable fit.

[0063] Nylon can be made from 15D to 40D multifilament or profiled yarn, such as 20D profiled yarn. Its profiled cross-section helps improve the fabric's moisture-wicking properties and hand feel. Spandex uses 20D to 40D covered yarn, such as 30D covered yarn. The covered structure effectively protects the spandex elastomer, extending its lifespan and improving the overall comfort of the fabric. Knitted fabrics are made using weft knitting or warp knitting techniques. Through precise weaving processes, point contact areas are formed that come into contact with the skin. This point contact design aims to significantly reduce the possibility of frictional static electricity by minimizing the actual contact area between the fabric and the skin, thereby effectively reducing static electricity generation.

[0064] The honeycomb or dotted structure also functions to store still air, forming the first insulating layer close to the skin and reducing heat loss by utilizing the low thermal conductivity of air. More importantly, its unique geometry and micro-capillary structure enable it to initially pump sweat from the skin surface, rapidly absorbing sweat from the skin surface into the inner fabric through capillary action, laying the foundation for subsequent gradient moisture wicking.

[0065] The inner fabric contains CO-shaped fibers. These fibers, whose main material can be polyester or polyamide, are chosen based on the required resilience, strength, and durability. The cross-section of these fibers exhibits a letter CO shape, and this unique cross-sectional structure imparts continuous longitudinal grooves. These grooves are the core structural units that build the gradient capillary network.

[0066] CO2 fibers are cleverly incorporated into the inner fabric through a precise weaving process, woven in conjunction with conventional nylon / spandex blended yarns. During the weaving process, precise control of the loom's yarn tension, sinker position, and needle movement trajectory enables a specific directional arrangement of the CO2 fibers within the fabric. In this invention, the area where the notches of the CO2 fibers face downwards, i.e., the area where the CO2 openings face towards the skin, forms a larger contact surface with the skin; this portion of the fibers accounts for 70% of the total CO2 fiber area. Conversely, the area where the notches of the CO2 fibers face upwards, i.e., the area where the CO2 openings face towards the middle layer, forms a larger contact surface with the middle layer; this portion of the fibers accounts for 30% of the total CO2 fiber area. This proportional directional arrangement is key to achieving efficient unidirectional gradient moisture wicking.

[0067] The surface of the CO-shaped fibers is plasma-etched to create hydrophilic-hydrophobic nanochannels with a continuous capillary force gradient within their longitudinal grooves. This treatment is a key technology for achieving the core function of this invention—efficiently eliminating sweat buildup. Specifically, the inner wall of the CO-shaped fibers in the notch-down region, i.e., the 70% of the fiber portion facing the skin, is first treated with oxygen plasma. This treatment aims to transform its surface into a superhydrophilic state. Oxygen plasma treatment typically employs radio frequency (RF) plasma equipment, which can generate high-energy plasma by exciting oxygen molecules with a high-frequency electromagnetic field. During the treatment, the inner fabric is placed in a reaction chamber with a vacuum level of 10 Pa to 50 Pa, for example, 30 Pa.

[0068] Subsequently, oxygen with a purity of up to 99.99% is introduced at a flow rate controlled between 50 cm³ / min (sccm) and 100 sccm, preferably 70 sccm. The radio frequency power is set between 50 W and 150 W, for example, 100 W. The processing time is adjusted according to the fiber material and the required etching depth, typically between 60 s and 180 s, preferably 120 s. This plasma treatment depth is approximately 150 nm to 250 nm, designed to effectively remove organic contaminants and weak bond layers from the fiber surface, while inducing the formation of abundant hydrophilic oxygen-containing functional groups, such as hydroxyl (-OH) and carboxyl (-COOH), on the fiber inner wall. These oxygen-containing functional groups can significantly increase the polarity of the fiber surface, thereby greatly reducing its water contact angle. The water contact angle of the fiber inner wall in the notch-down region after treatment can reach a superhydrophilic state of less than 10°, even approaching 0°, forming an extremely strong capillary attraction.

[0069] The CO-shaped fiber inner wall in the notch-facing region, i.e., the 30% fiber portion facing the middle layer, is fluorinated to form a gradient hydrophobic surface. This fluorination is typically performed using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). Hexafluoropropylene is introduced as a precursor gas in a reaction chamber with a vacuum of 5 Pa to 20 Pa, for example, 10 Pa, at a flow rate controlled between 20 sccm and 50 sccm, preferably 30 sccm. The radio frequency power is set in the range of 30 W to 80 W, for example, 60 W. The processing time is 90 s to 240 s, preferably 150 s. The processing depth is approximately 100 nm to 200 nm.

[0070] The purpose of fluorination is to deposit a fluoropolymer film onto the inner surface of the fiber, forming a coating with extremely low surface energy. By precisely controlling PECVD parameters, including plasma interaction time, precursor gas flow rate, and fiber position distribution in the reaction chamber, the fluorinated layer exhibits a gradient hydrophobicity on the inner wall of the CO-shaped fiber, with the water contact angle gradually increasing from 30° to 60° from the inside out. This gradient hydrophobicity is achieved by optimizing the plasma interaction time and precursor concentration distribution, resulting in a gradual change in the thickness and fluorinated group density of the fluorinated film along the radial direction of the fiber. Specifically, the portion of the fiber groove near the superhydrophilic region has a lower degree of fluorination and a surface contact angle of approximately 30°; while the portion further away from the superhydrophilic region, near the outer edge of the groove, gradually increases in fluorination, reaching a surface contact angle of up to 60°. This precise gradient design provides continuous and controllable capillary force variations for sweat transport, ensuring stable liquid flow.

[0071] Through the synergistic effect of the aforementioned oxygen plasma treatment and fluorination treatment, a capillary gradient network is constructed within the longitudinal grooves of the CO-shaped fiber, continuously transitioning from superhydrophilic regions to gradient hydrophobic regions. Specifically, the superhydrophilic inner wall of the 70% notch-facing region has high surface polarity and strong intermolecular forces with water molecules, resulting in significantly higher capillary forces than the untreated fiber regions. This allows it to instantly capture and rapidly absorb sweat from the skin surface with extremely high efficiency (capillary rise speeds can reach 10 mm / s to 20 mm / s, for example, 15 mm / s). Sweat is quickly absorbed into the grooves, preventing its accumulation on the skin surface.

[0072] Meanwhile, the gradient hydrophobic inner wall, with 30% of the gap facing upwards, possesses a gradual change in internal hydrophilicity. This allows sweat to maintain a stable forward liquid front as it is transported from the superhydrophilic region to the hydrophobic region, preventing flow interruption or stagnation caused by abrupt changes in hydrophilicity. The gradient hydrophobic channel provides sweat with a progressively increasing but continuously controllable transport path by precisely controlling its surface energy changes. This gradient ensures that sweat can be continuously and efficiently pumped to the intermediate layer at a stable speed of 2.0 mm / s to 4.0 mm / s, for example, 3.0 mm / s.

[0073] This continuously and precisely controlled capillary force gradient increases the sweat transmission speed by 2.0 to 2.5 times, for example, 2.3 times. Compared to traditional uniform hydrophilic fibers, its transmission efficiency is significantly improved, thereby completely eliminating the sweat accumulation phenomenon at the groove junctions caused by capillary force gradient mismatch or uneven hydrophilicity in existing technologies. Experimental data shows that in sweat simulation tests, the sweat accumulation rate of the fabric of this invention can be effectively controlled to below 5%, which is significantly superior to the accumulation rate of up to 40% in existing technologies.

[0074] This sweat accumulation elimination mechanism fundamentally solves the problem of "secondary electrostatic generation" in existing technologies. Specifically, when sweat no longer locally accumulates to form microscopic liquid films or droplets, the shear force generated by human movement will not cause dynamic disturbances, ruptures, or splashes in the liquid film. Therefore, the dynamic migration of electrolyte ions (such as Na⁺ / Cl⁻) in sweat at the liquid-solid interface will be significantly reduced or completely suppressed. The stable existence of the liquid film ensures that the liquid-solid interface remains in equilibrium, without drastic physicochemical changes. This stable liquid-solid interface interaction process no longer triggers the charge separation mechanism caused by the electrostatic effect.

[0075] Even though the initial static charge generated by solid-solid friction is effectively neutralized by the Janus film in the intermediate layer, the charge regeneration path caused by the dynamic disturbance of the liquid film is blocked, so the overall static electricity level of the fabric will not increase further. This ensures the composite fabric's continued dryness and high antistatic performance in high humidity and dynamic motion scenarios.

[0076] The overall synergistic effect of the three-layer composite fabric of this invention demonstrates significant advantages in terms of functionality.

[0077] In terms of moisture wicking: the inner CO-shaped fibers, through their unique geometry and continuous gradient capillary nanochannels constructed through fine plasma etching, can continuously and stably absorb sweat from the skin surface with extremely high efficiency. The superhydrophilic, notch-facing region instantly captures sweat and pumps it to the middle layer at 2.3 times the transport speed of existing technologies through precisely controlled gradient hydrophobic regions. The honeycomb or bump structure of the inner layer itself, together with the groove structure of the CO-shaped fibers, works synergistically to form a highly efficient "point-line-surface" three-dimensional moisture wicking path.

[0078] Among these features, point contact reduces direct, large-area contact between sweat and skin; linear grooves provide directional transport channels; and honeycomb or raised dot structures increase the moisture absorption area, allowing sweat to quickly diffuse and divert after absorption, effectively preventing any form of local accumulation and thus completely eliminating the damp, cold, and sticky feeling commonly experienced by wearers.

[0079] Meanwhile, this highly efficient and stable unidirectional moisture-wicking capability ensures that the intermediate layer photothermal conversion material responds more sensitively and efficiently when receiving moisture. This means that water vapor can reach the surface of the photothermal conversion material evenly and continuously, thereby improving the efficiency of "breathing-type active heating" and making its heat output more stable and controllable. The intermediate layer further transfers moisture to the outer layer in the form of water vapor. The outer layer, with its hydrophilic surface, rapidly diffuses the moisture and evaporates it into the external environment, completing the entire moisture cycle and forming a highly efficient, continuous, unidirectional moisture management system with dynamic temperature control capabilities.

[0080] Regarding antistatic properties: The point-contact structure between the inner fabric and the skin fundamentally reduces the contact friction area. Combined with the lubricated and smooth inner wall formed by specially treated CO-shaped fibers, this significantly reduces the occurrence of triboelectric charging at its source. Because sweat accumulation is completely eliminated, the secondary static electricity generation mechanism caused by the current flow effect is completely blocked, ensuring that the overall static charge level of the fabric remains within a low and stable safe range.

[0081] Furthermore, the nanoscale roughness and abundant chemically active sites (such as hydroxyl and carboxyl groups) formed on the inner wall of the CO-shaped fiber after plasma etching give it an extremely high specific surface area and chemical activity. These active sites more readily and stably adsorb the quaternary ammonium salt antistatic agent loaded on the intermediate Janus membrane. During the three-layer composite process, these immobilized antistatic agents can form a tight physical contact or even chemical bond with the CO-shaped fiber, thereby constructing a durable and efficient physical conductive path. When sweat flows at a stable rate in the grooves of the CO-shaped fiber, the electrolyte ions it contains synergistically work with the immobilized antistatic agent to construct a "physical + ionic" dual conductive mode.

[0082] The physical conductivity pathway consists of conductive polymers, quaternary ammonium salts on the nanofiber membrane, and conductive channels formed by plasma etching; the ionic conductivity pathway is mediated by ions in sweat. This dual mechanism ensures that static charges can be instantly conducted away in any humidity environment and efficiently neutralized and dissipated through the conductive polymer network of the intermediate and outer layers.

[0083] Meanwhile, the composite fabric reduces the risk of electrostatic discharge (ESD), ensuring the protection of sensitive electronic devices and the safety of the wearer, and meeting the demand for high-performance antistatic properties in special working environments or daily wear.

[0084] Example 1:

[0085] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a three-layer composite fabric based on gradient moisture wicking and charge dissipation, including the following steps:

[0086] S1: The conductive polymer-modified nylon filament is woven into the outer fabric, and the fineness of the nylon filament is 0.5D;

[0087] S2: Dissolve PVDF in a mixed solvent of DMAC and acetone, and add a quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial and antistatic agent to obtain a first spinning solution; dissolve PVDF in a mixed solvent of DMAC and acetone, and add a photothermal conversion material to obtain a second spinning solution; electrospin the first and second spinning solutions simultaneously to obtain a nanofiber membrane, one side of which contains octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, and the other side contains ITO nanoparticles; the photothermal conversion material is either indium tin oxide nanoparticles or carbon nanotubes.

[0088] S3: Nylon-spandex blended yarns are woven into a knitted fabric with a honeycomb or raised dot structure using a weft knitting machine or a warp knitting machine. CO-shaped fibers are embedded into the knitted fabric by co-weaving with the blended yarns. The ratio of the number of CO-shaped fibers with notches facing up to the number of notches facing down is 2:8. The CO-shaped fibers in the knitted fabric are subjected to regional plasma etching based on the notch direction to obtain the inner layer fabric.

[0089] S4: The outer fabric, nanofiber membrane, and inner fabric are stacked sequentially. The side of the nanofiber membrane containing quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial and antistatic agents is in contact with the outer fabric, and the other side is in contact with the inner fabric. The stacked structure is firmly bonded by hot pressing to obtain a three-layer composite fabric based on gradient moisture conduction and charge dissipation.

[0090] In S1, the conductive polymer is poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polystyrene sulfonate; the surface modification process includes impregnation coating and electrochemical polymerization; the impregnation coating process is as follows: after the fine D nylon filament is pretreated to increase the surface active groups, it is impregnated in a 0.5% PEDOT:PSS aqueous dispersion and reacted at 70℃ for 10 min, and then dried and cured.

[0091] The fibers obtained by electrospinning with the first and second spinning solutions have the same diameter of 200 nm.

[0092] The quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial and antistatic agent is octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, with a mass fraction of 5% in the first spinning solution; the indium tin oxide nanoparticles have an average particle size of 20 nanometers, with a mass fraction of 5% in the second spinning solution.

[0093] The nylon-spandex blended yarn contains 80% nylon and 20% spandex, with the nylon being 20D multifilament and the spandex being 25D covered yarn.

[0094] The main material of CO-shaped fiber is polyamide fiber, and its cross-section is in the shape of the letter CO.

[0095] The plasma etching process includes oxygen plasma treatment and fluorination treatment. Specifically, the inner wall of the CO-shaped fiber in the area with the notch facing downward is treated with oxygen plasma, while the inner wall of the CO-shaped fiber in the area with the notch facing upward is treated with fluorination.

[0096] The oxygen plasma treatment was carried out in a reaction chamber with a vacuum of 30 Pa, with oxygen of 99.99% purity introduced at a flow rate of 75 cm3 / min, a radio frequency power of 100 W, a treatment time of 120 s, and a treatment depth of 150 nanometers.

[0097] The fluorination process uses plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition with hexafluoropropylene as the precursor gas. C3F6 gas is introduced into a reaction chamber with a vacuum of 10 Pa at a flow rate of 30 cm3 / min, an RF power of 60 W, a processing time of 160 s, and a processing depth of 150 nanometers.

[0098] The mass ratio of the outer fabric, nanofiber membrane and inner fabric is 40:10:40.

[0099] Example 2:

[0100] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the ratio of the number of notches facing upwards to downwards in the CO-shaped fibers is 3:7, while the rest are the same.

[0101] Example 3:

[0102] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the ratio of the number of notches facing upwards to downwards in the CO-shaped fibers is 4:6, while the rest are the same.

[0103] Example 4:

[0104] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the ratio of the number of notches facing upwards to downwards in the CO-shaped fibers is 5:5, while the rest are the same.

[0105] Example 5:

[0106] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the ratio of the number of notches facing upwards to downwards in the CO-shaped fibers is 6:4, while the rest are the same.

[0107] Example 6:

[0108] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 3 is that the mass ratio of the outer fabric, the nanofiber membrane, and the inner fabric is 40:10:30, while the rest are the same.

[0109] Example 7:

[0110] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 3 is that the mass ratio of the outer fabric, the nanofiber membrane, and the inner fabric is 40:10:50, while the rest are the same.

[0111] Example 8:

[0112] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 3 is that the mass ratio of the outer fabric, the nanofiber membrane, and the inner fabric is 40:10:60, while the rest are the same.

[0113] Example 9:

[0114] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 3 is that the mass ratio of the outer fabric, the nanofiber membrane, and the inner fabric is 40:10:70, while the rest are the same.

[0115] Comparative Example 1:

[0116] Outer layer preparation: Conventional 1.5D polyester fiber, plain weave, with a unit area mass of 110 g / m², without conductive polymer modification or surface roughening treatment. Its water contact angle is 75°.

[0117] Intermediate layer preparation: A single-nozzle electrospinning technique was used, with the spinning solution consisting of 15% PAN dissolved in DMF, without the addition of quaternary ammonium salts or photothermal conversion materials. A PAN nanofiber membrane with a thickness of 40 μm was prepared.

[0118] Inner layer preparation: A weft-knitted honeycomb fabric made of 90% polyester / 10% spandex blended yarn, with a unit area mass of 190 g / m². This inner layer uses ordinary cross-section polyester fiber with a hydrophilic fiber surface and a water contact angle of 60°.

[0119] Composite: The above three layers (outer layer-middle layer-inner layer) are stacked and hot-pressed for 50 seconds at 160°C and 0.8 MPa pressure using a general polyester hot melt adhesive film.

[0120] The moisture permeability and antistatic properties of Examples 1-9 and Comparative Example 1 were tested, and the test data are shown in Table 1.

[0121] Table 1. Test data on moisture permeability and antistatic properties of Examples 1-9 and Comparative Example 1.

[0122] Data source Moisture permeability (MVTR, g / m²·24h) Resistivity (Ω) Example 1 10698 <![CDATA[10.5×10 6 ]]> Example 2 11237 <![CDATA[10.0×10 6 ]]> Example 3 11654 <![CDATA[9.1×10 6 ]]> Example 4 11492 <![CDATA[9.6×10 6 ]]> Example 5 11273 <![CDATA[10.1×10 6 ]]> Example 6 11368 <![CDATA[9.4×10 6 ]]> Example 7 12037 <![CDATA[8.6×10 6 ]]> Example 8 11749 <![CDATA[9.0×10 6 ]]> Example 9 11592 <![CDATA[9.4×10 6 ]]> Comparative Example 1 8974 <![CDATA[15.5×10 6 ]]>

[0123] As shown in Table 1, the moisture permeability and antistatic capacity of Examples 1-9 are all greater than those of Comparative Example 1, indicating that this application has superiority.

[0124] In Examples 1-5, as the ratio of upward-facing to downward-facing notches in the CO-shaped fibers decreases, the moisture permeability and antistatic capacity first increase and then decrease. This is because when the proportion of upward-facing notches in the CO-shaped fibers decreases moderately, more downward-facing notches, combined with the back of adjacent fibers, form a large number of continuous, interconnected longitudinal capillary channels. This greatly optimizes the directional transport network of liquid moisture, allowing sweat not only to be absorbed quickly but also pumped efficiently along the fiber axis, thus significantly improving the moisture permeability rate and completely eliminating local liquid accumulation. This stable, continuous liquid flow provides an ideal ion-conducting path for charge dissipation. However, when the proportion of upward-facing notches decreases excessively, the number of inlets on the fiber surface that can directly capture droplets from the skin surface is severely insufficient, significantly deteriorating the initial adsorption efficiency. This results in sweat not being able to be introduced into the capillary network in a timely manner, becoming a bottleneck in the entire moisture wicking process. The continuous liquid phase pathway is interrupted due to insufficient liquid source, and charge dissipation reverts to a single, less efficient physical adsorption path, causing a significant decline in the fabric's dynamic antistatic capacity. The preferred embodiment is Example 3.

[0125] In Examples 3 and 6-9, the proportion of the inner layer fabric gradually increases in the mass ratio among the outer fabric, nanofiber membrane, and inner fabric. The moisture permeability and antistatic capacity initially increase and then decrease. This is because when the mass proportion of the inner layer fabric moderately increases, the positive effects of improved moisture permeability and antistatic capacity stem from the full construction of its functional structure: more CO-shaped fibers provide a denser capillary gradient network and point contact structure, significantly enhancing the initial sweat capture efficiency, axial pumping power, and the source suppression area for triboelectricity. Simultaneously, the larger specific surface area also stably adsorbs more antistatic agents. However, when the proportion of the inner layer increases excessively, negative effects appear: the excessively thick knitted structure significantly prolongs the mass transfer path of moisture from the skin to the intermediate layer, increasing resistance, and causing a decrease in moisture permeability instead of an increase. The heavy inner layer hinders the effective transport and evaporation of sweat to the intermediate layer, disrupting continuous liquid flow and causing the charge dissipation mechanism dependent on ion movement to fail. Furthermore, the charge needs to traverse a thicker medium to be conducted by the conductive network in the intermediate layer, thus weakening the overall antistatic capacity. Example 7 is the preferred embodiment.

[0126] Based on the preferred embodiments of the present invention described above, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a three-layer composite fabric based on gradient moisture conduction and charge dissipation, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1: weaving the surface-modified conductive polymer into an outer layer fabric, and the fineness of the nylon filament is 0.5-1.5D; S2: dissolving PVDF in a mixed solvent of DMAC and acetone, and adding a quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial antistatic agent to obtain a first spinning solution; dissolving PVDF in a mixed solvent of DMAC and acetone, and adding a light-heat conversion material to obtain a second spinning solution; electrospinning the first spinning solution and the second spinning solution simultaneously to obtain a nanofiber membrane, one side of the nanofiber membrane contains octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, and the other side contains ITO nanoparticles, and the light-heat conversion material is one of indium tin oxide nanoparticles or carbon nanotubes; S3: weaving the nylon / spandex blended yarn into a knitted fabric with a honeycomb or convex structure through a weft knitting machine or a warp knitting machine, and embedding the CO-shaped fiber into the knitted fabric in a collaborative weaving manner, wherein the ratio of the number of the upward and downward notches in the CO-shaped fiber is 3:7-5:5, and the CO-shaped fiber in the knitted fabric is subjected to regional plasma etching treatment based on the notch direction to obtain an inner layer fabric; S4: sequentially stacking the outer layer fabric, the nanofiber membrane and the inner layer fabric, wherein one side of the nanofiber membrane containing the quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial antistatic agent is in contact with the outer layer fabric, and the other side is in contact with the inner layer fabric, and the stacked structure is firmly compounded by using a hot pressing method to obtain a three-layer composite fabric based on gradient moisture and charge dissipation.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: In S1, the conductive polymer is one of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polystyrene sulfonate, polyaniline or polypyrrole; the surface modification process comprises immersion coating, plasma-assisted graft polymerization or electrochemical polymerization; wherein the immersion coating process is specifically as follows: after the fine D nylon filament is pretreated to increase the surface active group, it is immersed in a PEDOT:PSS water dispersion liquid with a mass fraction of 0.5% to 2.0% for 10 min to 30 min at a temperature of 60°C to 80°C, and then dried and cured.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The fiber diameter obtained by electrospinning the first spinning solution and the second spinning solution is 100-500nm.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial antistatic agent is benzalkonium chloride or octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, and the mass fraction in the first spinning solution is 3% to 8%; the average particle size of the indium tin oxide nanoparticles is 10nm to 30nm, and the mass fraction in the second spinning solution is 5% to 15%; the average diameter of the carbon nanotube is 5nm to 15nm, and the length is 1μm to 5μm, and the mass fraction in the second spinning solution is 1% to 3%.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The nylon component in the nylon / spandex blended yarn accounts for 80% to 90%, and the spandex component accounts for 10% to 20%, wherein the nylon is a multifilament or a profiled yarn with a fineness of 15D to 40D, and the spandex is a covered yarn with a fineness of 20D to 40D.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The CO-shaped fiber is a polyester or polyamide fiber, and its cross section is in the shape of the letter CO.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The plasma etching treatment includes oxygen plasma treatment and fluorination treatment, wherein the inner wall of the CO-shaped fiber in the notch downward area is subjected to the oxygen plasma treatment, and the inner wall of the CO-shaped fiber in the notch upward area is subjected to the fluorination treatment.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the method further comprises: The oxygen plasma treatment is performed in a reaction cavity with a vacuum degree of 10 Pa to 50 Pa, and pure oxygen with a purity of 99.99% is introduced at a flow rate of 50 cm3 / min to 100 cm3 / min, a radio frequency power of 50 W to 150 W, and a treatment time of 60 s to 180 s, and the treatment depth is 150 nm to 250 nm.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the method further comprises: The fluorination treatment is a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition process using hexafluoropropylene as a precursor gas, and is performed in a reaction cavity with a vacuum degree of 5 Pa to 20 Pa, and C3F6 gas is introduced at a flow rate of 20 cm3 / min to 50 cm3 / min, a radio frequency power of 30 W to 80 W, and a treatment time of 90 s to 240 s, and the treatment depth is 100 nm to 200 nm.

10. A three-layer composite fabric based on gradient moisture management and charge dissipation, a method for preparing a three-layer composite fabric based on gradient moisture management and charge dissipation according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The mass ratio between the outer layer fabric, the nanofiber membrane and the inner layer fabric is 30-50:5-15:40-60.

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