Beet seed harvesting device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a beet seed harvesting device which comprises a harvesting cavity. The seedling pulling unit comprises a rotating shaft, seedling pulling plates, seedling pulling teeth and a driving assembly, the rotating shaft is rotationally connected into the harvesting cavity, the multiple seedling pulling plates are arranged, the multiple seedling pulling teeth are evenly distributed at one end of each seedling pulling plate in the horizontal direction, the other end of each seedling pulling plate is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the driving assembly is used for driving the rotating shaft to rotate; the visual cutting unit comprises an acquisition module, a processing module and a plurality of cutting modules, the plurality of cutting modules are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of seedling pulling plates, the acquisition module is used for performing image acquisition on crops located between the two seedling pulling teeth on the seedling pulling plates, and the processing module is used for obtaining the height of crop seed balls through the image and sending the height of the crop seed balls to the seedling pulling plates; the corresponding cutting teeth on the cutting module are controlled to cut the seed balls; and the material suction unit sucks the cut seed balls through a vacuum suction inlet. According to the device, seed falling can be effectively reduced in the sugar beet seed harvesting process, and seed loss is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and specifically relates to a sugar beet seed harvesting device. Background Technology

[0002] Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) is an important economic crop. Its seeds are actually the fruit of the plant, commonly referred to as "bulbs." Botanically speaking, sugar beet seeds are either multiple fruits or single fruits consisting of a true seed enclosed by a persistent calyx and pericarp. Multiple-fruited bulbs contain 3-5 fruits and can germinate into multiple seedlings; while single-fruited bulbs contain only one seed and are more suitable for mechanized sowing. Sugar beet bulbs have a hard, lignified cell wall, are about 1.5-3 mm in diameter, and have a thousand-seed weight of 15-20 grams (large seeds). Their morphological characteristics are an important basis for designing harvesting equipment. During the reproductive growth stage, sugar beet plants form tall flowering branches (up to 1-2 meters high), with small flowers on the main and lateral branches. The multiple fruits formed after flowering contain many seeds.

[0003] Because sugar beet seeds are highly susceptible to detachment upon maturity and mature at inconsistent times, manual harvesting has traditionally been the primary method to ensure seed quality and minimize losses. However, manual harvesting is inefficient and labor-intensive, making it suitable only for small-scale cultivation. For large-scale commercial production, mechanized harvesting is essential. It is worth noting that in recent years, my country has made significant progress in sugar beet seed processing, such as breakthroughs in sugar beet seed pelleting technology, which have significantly improved seed standardization and suitability for mechanized sowing. This, in turn, creates a more urgent need for efficient, low-loss mechanized harvesting technologies.

[0004] Currently, large-scale harvesting of sugar beet seeds primarily utilizes general-purpose grain harvesting machinery. The harvesting platform follows a traditional design, mainly consisting of a divider, reel, cutter, and feed auger. This device uses the divider to separate the crop, the reel to lift lodged crops and guide them towards the cutter, and the cut crop is then transported backward by the feed auger. However, this design presents significant problems when used for sugar beet seed harvesting: mature sugar beet seeds are light and have weak adhesion. The excessive impact and shaking force generated by the divider and reel during contact and manipulation of the sugar beet stalks easily leads to the shedding of mature seeds. Practical data shows that the seed loss rate of traditional mechanical harvesting can reach 3-5%, or even higher. This loss mainly stems from the impact of the reel and the vibration transmitted during the cutter's operation. Especially in fields where sugar beet plants vary in height, when the reel lifts lower plants, it pulls the seed heads from those lower plants towards the cutter, causing the plant or seed head to break off, exacerbating the seed shedding problem. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a sugar beet seed harvesting device to achieve efficient and low-loss harvesting of sugar beet seeds. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a sugar beet seed harvesting device that can effectively reduce the problem of seed shedding during the sugar beet seed harvesting process, reduce seed loss, and achieve efficient and low-loss harvesting of sugar beet seeds.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is: A sugar beet seed harvesting device, for mounting on a harvester, comprising: The harvesting chamber is a box-shaped structure with an opening on the lower side; The seedling pulling unit includes a rotating shaft, seedling pulling plates, seedling pulling teeth, and a drive assembly. The rotating shaft is horizontally arranged and rotatably connected to the harvesting cavity. Multiple seedling pulling plates are provided. One end of each seedling pulling plate has several seedling pulling teeth evenly distributed in the horizontal direction, and the other end is fixed to the rotating shaft. The output end of the drive assembly is connected to the rotating shaft and is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, so as to drive multiple seedling pulling plates to enter and exit the lower opening of the harvesting cavity in sequence. The visualization cutting unit includes a data acquisition module, a processing module, and multiple cutting modules. Each cutting module corresponds to a different seedling-pulling plate. The cutting modules are positioned on the sidewall of the corresponding seedling-pulling plate away from its rotation direction. Each cutting module has several cutting teeth that can extend and retract horizontally. These cutting teeth are positioned between adjacent seedling-pulling teeth on the corresponding seedling-pulling plate. The data acquisition module is positioned on the sidewall of the harvesting cavity near the lower opening. It is used to acquire images of the crop located between two seedling-pulling teeth on the seedling-pulling plate to obtain the height of the crop bulb. The processing module is used to control the corresponding cutting teeth on the cutting module to cut the bulb based on the crop bulb height information between two adjacent seedling-pulling teeth. The suction unit is located on the top wall of the harvesting chamber and has multiple vacuum suction ports facing the opening of the harvesting chamber. It is used to suck up the seed bulbs cut off from the seedling plate and seedling teeth.

[0007] Preferably, the plurality of seedling-pulling plates are arranged in a circumferential array around the rotating shaft, and the included angle between two adjacent seedling-pulling plates is 50° to 120°.

[0008] Preferably, the acquisition module includes multiple cameras evenly distributed along the horizontal direction. The multiple cameras are used to acquire crop images between adjacent seedling teeth on the seedling-pulling board. The cameras are electrically connected to the processing module.

[0009] Preferably, the harvesting chamber is a cylindrical cavity with a horizontal axis and a notch on the lower side. The rotating shaft coincides with the axis of the harvesting chamber. The notch located between the rotating shaft and the camera is the inlet, and the notch located on the side of the rotating shaft away from the camera is the outlet. The inlet is horizontally positioned, and the angle between the outlet and the horizontal direction is between 0° and 30°. Multiple cameras are obliquely positioned on the side wall of the harvesting chamber opposite to the inlet and the rotating shaft, and multiple vacuum suction ports face the inlet.

[0010] Preferably, a blowing assembly is provided on the upper side of the outlet of the harvesting chamber. The blowing assembly includes a fan, a collection box, and a discharge port opened on the harvesting chamber. The fan is installed on the harvesting chamber and is arranged opposite to the discharge port. The air supply end of the fan faces the inner side of the harvesting chamber. The collection box is fixed on the outer wall of the harvesting chamber and communicates with the discharge port. A discharge port is provided on the lower side wall of the collection box.

[0011] Preferably, the seedling teeth are conical or triangular, and a scraping assembly is provided on the upper side of the harvesting chamber located at the outlet. The scraping assembly includes multiple connecting plates and several scraping plates disposed on the connecting plates. The side of the connecting plate opposite to the scraping plates is fixedly connected to the harvesting chamber. The shape of the scraping plates is the same as the shape of the space formed between two adjacent seedling teeth. The several scraping plates are used to clean the residual material between two adjacent seedling teeth on the seedling teeth so that the fan can blow it towards the outlet.

[0012] Preferably, the suction unit further includes: A separation chamber, fixed to the top of the harvesting chamber or for mounting on the body of the harvester, the separation chamber having an inlet and a outlet; A vacuum pump is fixedly connected to the side of the separation chamber near the discharge port, and the inlet of the vacuum pump is connected to the separation chamber; Multiple extraction tubes correspond one-to-one with multiple vacuum suction ports. One end of each extraction tube is connected to the corresponding vacuum suction port, and the other end is connected to the feed port of the separation chamber through the collection chamber.

[0013] Preferably, the seedling-pulling plate, seedling-pulling teeth, and rotating shaft are all hollow. The seedling-pulling teeth, seedling-pulling plate, and rotating shaft are connected in sequence. One end of the rotating shaft is closed and connected to the output end of the drive assembly, and the other end is connected to the feed inlet of the separation chamber through a pumping pipe. Several suction holes are provided on the side wall of the seedling-pulling teeth.

[0014] Preferably, an arc-shaped baffle is inserted inside the rotating shaft, and a hollow sleeve is fixedly connected to one end of the baffle. The sleeve is inserted at the end of the rotating shaft away from the drive assembly, and the end of the sleeve extending out of the rotating shaft is connected to the extraction tube. The sleeve is located outside the rotating shaft and is fixedly connected to the harvesting cavity by a fixing member. The baffle is used to block the cavity communication end between the seedling plate and the seedling teeth when the seedling plate rotates to the upper side of the outlet of the harvesting cavity.

[0015] Preferably, a transparent protective cover is fixed to the inner wall of the harvesting cavity. The protective cover is arc-shaped, and multiple cameras are enclosed within the protective cover.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beet seed harvesting device of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This device replaces the traditional rigid reel with a rotating seedling-pulling plate and seedling-pulling teeth. A drive assembly provides rotational power to the shaft, causing the seedling-pulling plate to rotate. During rotation, the seedling-pulling teeth guide the beet plants towards a more vertical position. Image acquisition by the acquisition module allows the processing module to quickly determine the height of the beet plant between each pair of seedling teeth and identify the approximate position of the bulb. This, in turn, controls the cutting module to perform fixed-length cuts based on the height of the bulb between different seedling teeth. This ensures uniform, fixed-length harvesting of beet bulbs of varying heights, avoiding the severe seed loss caused by the traditional reel breaking shorter beet plants or bulbs. This device utilizes "visual recognition + precise length control." The "cutting" technology adapts to the differences in plant height, significantly reducing the initial impact on beet plants. It also avoids the transmission of the violent vibrations generated when traditional cutters cut the entire plant to the fruit branches, thus reducing the problem of mature seeds falling off due to vibration at the source. At the same time, this device uses a suction unit set near the cutting point to suck up or lift the bulb the moment it is cut off, greatly shortening the time the bulb stays on the seed-lifting plate and seed-lifting teeth. This "cut and suck" mode reduces the problem of lightweight seeds falling off. Furthermore, the negative pressure suction can also pick up any seeds that may fall off while the seed-lifting teeth are lifting the plant, effectively reducing the loss of beet seeds during harvest. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view of the overall structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a first-view perspective perspective view of the overall structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the overall structure from a second angle in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a third-person perspective view of the overall structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the harvesting cavity in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the segmented cavity in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the scraping assembly in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure of the seedling-pulling board in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the discharge port in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 11 for Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the sleeve and baffle in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Harvesting chamber; 2. Rotating shaft; 3. Seedling guide plate; 4. Seedling guide teeth; 5. Drive assembly; 51. Motor; 52. Belt; 53. Pulley; 6. Acquisition module; 61. Camera; 7. Cutting module; 71. Cutting teeth; 72. Electric push rod; 73. Electric motor; 8. Suction unit; 81. Vacuum suction port; 82. Separation chamber; 83. Vacuum pump; 84. Suction pipe; 9. Inlet; 10. Outlet; 11. Fan; 12. Collection box; 13. Discharge port; 14. Scraper assembly; 141. Connecting plate; 142. Scraper; 15. Suction hole; 16. Delivery pipe; 17. Baffle; 18. Sleeve; 19. Fixing component; 20. Anti-block cover; 21. Lifting and adjusting mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0020] Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0021] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0022] See Figures 1 to 12 As shown, in order to effectively reduce seed shedding and loss during beet seed harvesting, and achieve efficient and low-loss beet seed harvesting, this embodiment provides a beet seed harvesting device for installation on a harvester. It includes a harvesting chamber 1, a seedling lifting unit, a visual cutting unit, and a material suction unit 8. The beet seed harvesting device is installed at the front end of the harvester and connected to it via a lifting adjustment mechanism 21. The lifting adjustment mechanism 21 can use a hydraulic push rod or screw drive, facilitating the up-and-down movement of the device at the front end of the harvester. This allows the device to be moved downwards to the harvesting position during use and upwards to the storage position after use. The core of this device lies in the coordinated operation of three modules: the seedling lifting unit gently guides the plant, the visual cutting unit accurately identifies and cuts the bulbs, and the material suction unit 8 instantly collects and absorbs the bulbs. This results in low-loss and high-efficiency harvesting.

[0023] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the harvesting chamber 1 is a cylindrical cavity with a horizontal axis and a notch on its lower side, and the notch on the lower side of the chamber is the opening of the harvesting chamber 1. The seedling pulling unit includes a rotating shaft 2, seedling pulling plates 3, seedling pulling teeth 4, and a drive assembly 5. The rotating shaft 2 is horizontally positioned and rotatably connected inside the harvesting chamber 1, and the axis of the rotating shaft 2 coincides with that of the harvesting chamber 1. The opening of the harvesting chamber 1 and the rotating shaft 2 are the dividing line, with one side serving as the outlet 10 of the harvesting chamber 1 and the other side serving as the inlet 9. The inlet 9 is horizontally positioned, and the angle between the outlet 10 and the horizontal direction is between 0° and 30°. Multiple seedling pulling plates 3 are provided, and each seedling pulling plate 3 has several seedling pulling teeth 4 evenly distributed along the horizontal direction on one end, and the other end is fixed to the rotating shaft 2. The output end of the drive assembly 5 is connected to the rotating shaft 2 to drive the rotating shaft 2 to rotate. The drive assembly 5 can be a hydraulic motor or an electric motor 51, or a combination design of an electric motor 51 and a pulley 53 as shown in the attached figure. For details, see attached. Figure 1As shown, the drive assembly 5 includes a motor 51, a belt 52, and two pulleys 53. One pulley 53 is mounted on the rotating shaft 2, and the other pulley 53 is mounted on the output shaft of the motor 51. The motor 51 is fixed to the side wall of the cutting cavity, and the two pulleys 53 are connected by the belt 52. The drive assembly 5 drives multiple seedling plates 3 to sequentially circulate in and out of the lower opening of the harvesting cavity 1. The visualization cutting unit includes a data acquisition module 6, a processing module, and multiple cutting modules 7. Each cutting module 7 corresponds to a multiple seedling lifting plate 3. The cutting modules 7 are set on the side wall of the corresponding seedling lifting plate 3 away from its rotation direction, and each cutting module 7 has several cutting teeth 71 that can be extended and retracted in the horizontal direction. The multiple cutting teeth 71 are respectively set between two adjacent seedling lifting teeth 4 on the corresponding seedling lifting plate 3. The data acquisition module 6 is set on the side wall inside the harvesting cavity 1 and near the lower opening. It is used to acquire images of crops located between two seedling lifting teeth 4 on the seedling lifting plate 3 to obtain the height of the crop bulbs. The processing module is used to control the corresponding cutting teeth 71 on the cutting module 7 to cut the bulbs according to the crop bulb height information between two adjacent seedling lifting teeth 4. The suction unit 8 is set on the top wall of the harvesting cavity 1 and has multiple vacuum suction ports 81. The multiple vacuum suction ports 81 face the opening of the harvesting cavity 1 and are used to suck up the bulbs cut off from the seedling lifting plate 3 and the seedling lifting teeth 4.

[0024] like Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown, furthermore, to improve cutting precision and ensure that cutting control can respond quickly between every two adjacent seedling teeth 4, the cutting module 7 also includes electric push rods 72 and electric motors 73, each corresponding to one of the multiple cutting teeth 71. The electric push rods 72 are electrically connected to the processing module via a controller. The fixed end of the electric push rod 72 is fixed to the seedling plate 3, the telescopic end is fixed to the electric motor 73, and the output end of the electric motor 73 is fixed to the cutting teeth 71. Thus, the execution command issued by the processing module allows different electric push rods 72 to extend or retract independently, enabling the cutting teeth 71 to cut the seed bulbs between corresponding two seedling teeth 4. This allows for a faster response to cutting commands and avoids losses caused by accidental cutting of the seed bulbs.

[0025] In this device, during beet seed harvesting, the lifting and adjusting mechanism 21 between the harvester and the device moves the harvesting chamber 1 to the harvesting position, ensuring that the seedling-lifting teeth 4 approach the ground during rotation, so as to fully lift all the plants. Specifically, the drive assembly 5 provides rotational power to the rotating shaft 2, causing the rotating shaft 2 to drive the seedling-lifting plate 3 to rotate. During the rotation of the seedling-lifting plate 3, the seedling-lifting teeth 4 can lift the beet plants towards verticality. During this process, the suction unit 8, using multiple vacuum suction ports 81, can fully suck up the seeds that have fallen off, reducing seed loss. After the plants are propped up, the image acquisition module 6 enables the processing module to quickly obtain the height of the beet plants between each pair of seedling teeth 4 and identify the approximate position of the bulb, i.e., its height. Then, the cutting module 7 controls the cutting module to perform fixed-length cutting according to the height of the bulb between different seedling teeth 4. That is, the cutting timing is controlled according to the differences in plant height, so that beet bulbs of different heights can be harvested with uniform fixed-length cutting, thus avoiding the serious seed loss problem caused by the traditional reel breaking the lower beet plants or bulbs. This "visual recognition + precise length cutting" technology adapts to the differences in plant height, completing fixed-length cuts and significantly reducing the initial impact on the beet plants. It also avoids the transmission of the violent vibrations generated when cutting the entire plant with traditional cutters to the fruiting branches, thus reducing the problem of mature seeds falling off due to vibration at the source. Simultaneously, the device uses a suction unit 8 located near the cutting point, employing negative pressure adsorption to suck up or lift the seed bulb the instant it is cut, greatly shortening the retention time of the seed bulb on the seed-lifting plate 3 and seed-lifting teeth 4. This "cut-and-suction" mode reduces the problem of lightweight seeds falling off, minimizing beet seed loss during harvest.

[0026] See Figures 5 to 8As shown, furthermore, to ensure that adjacent seedling-pulling boards 3 minimize mutual interference and that the plants on each seedling-pulling board 3 are fully harvested, multiple seedling-pulling boards 3 are arranged in a circular array around the rotating axis 2, with the angle between adjacent seedling-pulling boards 3 ranging from 50° to 120°. Specifically, this angle determines the time interval and frequency at which adjacent seedling-pulling boards 3 enter the crop clump. If the angle is too small, the seedling pulling will be too frequent, potentially interfering with untreated plants; if the angle is too large, there will be work breaks, affecting harvesting efficiency. The range of 50° to 120° is an empirically optimized value that ensures continuous and stable seedling pulling action, reducing seed loss while maintaining harvesting efficiency. Based on the 50° to 120° angle between adjacent seedling-pulling boards 3, the number of seedling-pulling boards 3 is also limited, i.e., the number of seedling-pulling boards 3 is set between 3 and 7. Generally, to ensure efficiency and effectively reduce seed loss, it is recommended to set the number of seedling-pulling boards 3 to 4 or 5. To ensure the continuity and stability of the harvesting process, avoid excessive disturbance to crops in the field, and guarantee work efficiency.

[0027] See Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, furthermore, to avoid missing bulbs and reduce seed loss, the acquisition module 6 includes multiple cameras 61 evenly distributed horizontally. Each camera 61 is used to acquire crop images between adjacent seedling teeth 4 on the seedling-lifting plate 3. The cameras 61 are electrically connected to the processing module. That is, each camera 61 is responsible for monitoring the area between a pair of seedling teeth 4, achieving precise zoned acquisition. This enables fast and high-precision image acquisition, ensuring the accuracy of bulb height judgment between each pair of seedling teeth 4. This provides precise data reference for the timing of the extension and retraction of the cutting teeth 71, allowing plants of different heights to be cut to a fixed length, avoiding cutting deviations, especially cutting onto the bulbs and causing loss.

[0028] See Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown, furthermore, to ensure that the design of the harvesting chamber 1 itself will not cause collisions with the plants and to reduce seed loss, the notch in the harvesting chamber 1, i.e., the lower opening, is designated as the inlet 9 between the rotating shaft 2 and the camera 61, and the outlet 10 is located on the side of the rotating shaft 2 away from the camera 61. The inlet 9 is horizontally positioned, and the angle between the outlet 10 and the horizontal direction is between 0° and 30°. Simultaneously, multiple cameras 61 are tilted and positioned on the side wall of the harvesting chamber 1 opposite to the inlet 9 and the rotating shaft 2, enabling image acquisition when the plant is just straightened and its shape is most regular, resulting in high recognition accuracy. Multiple vacuum suction ports 81 are positioned facing the inlet 9, ensuring that the vacuum suction ports 81 are directly facing the area where the bulbs are cut, minimizing the suction path and maximizing efficiency. Additionally, a transparent protective cover 20 is fixed to the inner wall of the harvesting chamber 1. The protective cover 20 is arc-shaped, and the multiple cameras 61 are enclosed within the protective cover 20. A transparent shield 20 is fixed to the inner wall of the harvesting chamber 1. The shield 20 is arc-shaped and multiple cameras 61 are enclosed inside the shield 20.

[0029] See Figures 3 to 5 as well as Figure 9 As shown, furthermore, to reduce losses during the sugar beet seed harvesting process, a blowing assembly is provided on the upper side of the outlet 10 of the harvesting chamber 1. The blowing assembly includes a fan 11, a collection box 12, and a discharge port 13 opened on the harvesting chamber 1. The fan 11 is installed on the harvesting chamber 1 and is positioned opposite to the discharge port 13, with the air delivery end of the fan 11 facing the inside of the harvesting chamber 1. The collection box 12 is fixed to the outer wall of the harvesting chamber 1 and communicates with the discharge port 13. A discharge port is provided on the lower side of the collection box 12. Specifically, the discharge port of the collection box 12 can be connected to the storage box on the harvester body through a transmission pipeline, thereby transferring and storing the collected seeds for subsequent unified packaging or transportation. When the seedling-pulling plate 3 rotates through the vacuum suction port 81 to the upper side of the outlet 10 of the harvesting chamber 1, the wind power of the fan 11 can blow the seeds that remain between the seedling-pulling teeth 4 or on the seedling-pulling plate 3 after cutting and suction into the collection box 12, which can ensure that the seeds are harvested more fully and effectively reduce losses.

[0030] See Figures 5 to 7As shown, furthermore, in order to reduce losses during the beet seed harvesting process, the seedling teeth 4 are conical or triangular. The harvesting chamber 1 is also provided with a scraping assembly 14 on the upper side of the outlet 10. The scraping assembly 14 includes multiple connecting plates 141 and several scraping plates 142 disposed on the connecting plates 141. The side of the connecting plates 141 facing away from the scraping plates 142 is fixed to the harvesting chamber 1. The shape of the scraping plates 142 is the same as the shape of the space formed between two adjacent seedling teeth 4. The several scraping plates 142 are used to clean the residual material between two adjacent seedling teeth 4 on the seedling plate 3, so that the fan 11 can blow it towards the discharge port 13. When the suction of the vacuum inlet 81 is insufficient or there are impurities that cannot fall off on their own between adjacent seedling teeth 4, the scraper 142 can be used to fully clean up the impurities by matching the spatial shape of the support of the two adjacent seedling teeth 4. With the help of the fan 11, the impurities are collected into the collection box 12, effectively reducing seed loss.

[0031] See Figures 1 to 5 As shown, furthermore, to ensure continuous vacuum suction force during bulb cutting and harvesting, the suction unit 8 also includes a separation chamber 82, a vacuum pump 83, and multiple suction pipes 84. The separation chamber 82 is fixed to the top of the harvesting chamber 1 or is used to install on the body of the harvester. The separation chamber 82 has an inlet and a outlet. Preferably, its outlet is connected to the collection box 12 through a conveying channel. The vacuum pump 83 is fixed to the side of the separation chamber 82 near the outlet, and the inlet of the vacuum pump 83 is connected to the separation chamber 82. The multiple suction pipes 84 correspond one-to-one with the multiple vacuum suction ports 81. One end of the suction pipe 84 is connected to the corresponding vacuum suction port 81, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the separation chamber 82 through the collection chamber. A vacuum pump 83 generates negative pressure, which is then connected to corresponding vacuum inlets 81 via multiple independent suction pipes 84. This ensures that the negative pressure suction effectively acts on the inlet area of ​​the harvesting chamber 1, drawing the mixture of seed pellets and air into the separation chamber 82 through the suction pipes 84. Upon entering the separation chamber 82, the increased space and reduced airflow velocity cause the seed pellets to fall due to gravity, achieving gas-solid separation. This maintains a continuous negative pressure, ensuring reliable collection. Furthermore, the suction directions of the multiple vacuum inlets 81 are staggered to ensure that the negative pressure suction fully covers the area above the inlet of the harvesting chamber 1, allowing for more thorough suction of the cut seed pellets.

[0032] See Figures 2 to 11 As shown, furthermore, to fully collect any seeds that may fall off or bulbs that may drop downwards during the process of lifting the plant, thus reducing seed loss, the seedling lifting plate 3, the seedling lifting teeth 4, and the rotating shaft 2 are all hollow. For example... Figure 11 As shown, the seedling-pulling teeth 4, the seedling-pulling plate 3, and the rotating shaft 2 are connected in sequence. Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, one end of the rotating shaft 2 is closed and connected to the output end of the drive assembly 5, while the other end is connected to the inlet of the separation chamber 82 via the extraction pipe 16. The extraction pipe 16 and the rotating shaft 2 are rotatably connected to prevent twisting of the extraction pipe 16. Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown, several suction holes 15 are formed on the side wall of the seedling extraction teeth 4. This design ensures that the negative pressure comes not only from the vacuum suction port 81 at the top but also directly from the seedling extraction teeth 4 themselves, forming a "moving suction point." This achieves supplementary adsorption of seed pellets or small particles attached to the vicinity and crevices of the seedling extraction teeth 4, resulting in more thorough collection and further reducing the loss rate. This is a significant enhancement to the core adsorption function.

[0033] See Figures 8 to 12 As shown, furthermore, to reduce seed loss, an arc-shaped baffle 17 is inserted inside the rotating shaft 2. A hollow sleeve 18 is fixedly connected to one end of the baffle 17. The sleeve 18 is inserted at the end of the rotating shaft 2 away from the drive assembly 5 and the two are rotatably connected. One end of the sleeve 18 extends out of the rotating shaft 2 and communicates with the extraction pipe 16. The sleeve 18 is located outside the rotating shaft 2 and is fixedly connected to the harvesting chamber 1 by a fixing member 19. The baffle 17 is used to block the cavity communication end between the seedling plate 3 and the seedling teeth 4 when the seedling plate 3 rotates to the upper side of the outlet 10 of the harvesting chamber 1. In this way, by the baffle 17 when the seedling plate 3 rotates to the upper side of the outlet 10 of the harvesting chamber 1, the suction force of the negative pressure gas from the suction hole 15 on the seedling teeth 4 can be blocked, so that the seed bulbs or seeds on the seedling teeth 4 can be fully released and enter the collection box 12 with the cooperation of the fan 11. Therefore, through the ingenious design of the hollow sleeve 18 and the baffle 17, the cavity of the seedling-adhesive plate 3 is only connected to the vacuum pump 83 when it rotates to the position requiring adsorption; it is blocked when rotated to other positions. This avoids the waste of negative pressure and ensures that the auxiliary adsorption function is only activated at the most effective position, improving system efficiency and reliability. It also ensures the continuous operation of the suction hole 15 on the seedling-adhesive tooth 4, preventing blockage and failure caused by continuous suction.

[0034] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A sugar beet seed harvesting device for being arranged on a harvester, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a kind of harvesting device, including: Harvesting cavity, box structure with opening in lower side; Seedling poking unit, including rotating shaft, seedling poking plate, seedling poking tooth and drive assembly, the rotating shaft is horizontally arranged and rotationally connected in the harvesting cavity, the seedling poking plate is provided with multiple, and the one end of each seedling poking plate is uniformly distributed with several seedling poking teeth in horizontal direction, the other end is fixed on the rotating shaft, the output end of the drive assembly is connected with the rotating shaft, for driving the rotating shaft rotation, to drive multiple seedling poking plates sequentially cycle from the harvesting cavity lower side opening in and out; Visual cutting unit, including acquisition module, processing module and multiple cutting modules, multiple cutting modules correspond to multiple seedling poking plates one by one, the cutting module is arranged on the side wall of the seedling poking plate away from its rotating direction, and each cutting module has several cutting teeth that are horizontally extended and retracted, multiple cutting teeth are respectively arranged between corresponding adjacent two seedling poking teeth, the acquisition module is arranged in the harvesting cavity, for image acquisition of crop between the seedling poking tooth, the processing module is used to obtain the height information of seed ball between seedling poking teeth according to the crop image collected, to control the corresponding cutting tooth on the cutting module to cut seed ball; Material suction unit, arranged on the top wall of the harvesting cavity, with multiple vacuum suction inlets, multiple vacuum suction inlets face the opening of the harvesting cavity, for sucking the seed ball cut off on the seedling poking plate and seedling poking tooth.

2. A sugar beet seed harvesting device according to claim 1, characterised in that, Multiple seedling poking plates are distributed around the circumference of the rotating shaft, and the included angle between adjacent two seedling poking plates is 50°~120°.

3. A sugar beet seed harvesting device according to claim 1, characterised in that, The acquisition module includes multiple cameras uniformly distributed in horizontal direction, and multiple cameras are respectively used for collecting the image of crop between adjacent seedling poking teeth on the seedling poking plate, and the camera is electrically connected with the processing module.

4. A sugar beet seed harvesting device according to claim 3, characterised in that, The harvesting cavity is a cylindrical cavity with horizontal axis and opening in lower side, the rotating shaft coincides with the axis of the harvesting cavity, the opening between the rotating shaft and camera is inlet, and the opening on the side of the rotating shaft away from the camera is outlet, the inlet is horizontally arranged, the included angle between the outlet and horizontal direction is between 0° and 30°, multiple cameras are inclinedly arranged on the side wall of the harvesting cavity opposite to the inlet and the rotating shaft, and multiple vacuum suction inlets are arranged to face the inlet.

5. A sugar beet seed harvesting device according to claim 4, characterised in that, Blowing assembly is arranged on the upper side of the outlet of the harvesting cavity, the blowing assembly includes fan, material collecting box and discharge port opened on the harvesting cavity, the fan is installed on the harvesting cavity and arranged opposite to the discharge port, the air supply end of the fan faces one side in the harvesting cavity, the material collecting box is fixed on the outer side wall of the harvesting cavity and communicated with the discharge port, and the lower side wall of the material collecting box is provided with discharge port.

6. A sugar beet seed harvesting apparatus according to claim 5, characterised in that, The prongs are conical or triangular, and the upper side of the outlet of the harvesting cavity is provided with a material scraping assembly, which comprises a plurality of connecting plates and a plurality of scraping plates arranged on the connecting plates, the side of the connecting plates away from the scraping plates is fixedly connected with the harvesting cavity, the shape of the scraping plates is the same as the space formed between two adjacent prongs, and the plurality of scraping plates are used for cleaning the residual material between two adjacent prongs on the prong plate, so as to facilitate the fan to blow to the discharge port.

7. A sugar beet seed harvesting apparatus according to claim 4, characterised in that, The material suction unit further comprises: a separation cavity fixed on the top of the harvesting cavity or mounted on the body of the harvester, the separation cavity having an inlet and an outlet; a vacuum pump fixed on the side of the separation cavity close to the outlet, and the inlet of the vacuum pump being in communication with the separation cavity; a plurality of suction pipes corresponding to the plurality of vacuum suction inlets, one end of the suction pipe being in communication with the corresponding vacuum suction inlet, and the other end being in communication with the inlet of the separation cavity through a material collecting cavity.

8. A sugar beet seed harvesting apparatus according to claim 7, characterised in that, The prong plate, prong and shaft are hollow, the prong, prong plate and shaft are in communication in sequence, one end of the shaft is closed and connected with the output end of the driving assembly, the other end is in communication with the inlet of the separation cavity through a suction pipe, and a plurality of suction holes are formed in the side wall of the prong.

9. A sugar beet seed harvesting device according to claim 8, characterised in that, An arc-shaped baffle is inserted in the shaft, one end of the baffle is fixedly connected with a hollow sleeve, the sleeve is inserted in the end of the shaft away from the driving assembly, the end of the sleeve extending out of the shaft is in communication with the suction pipe, and the sleeve is fixedly connected with the harvesting cavity through a fixing member outside the shaft, and the baffle is used for plugging the cavity communication end of the prong plate and prong when the prong plate rotates to the upper side of the outlet of the harvesting cavity.

10. A sugar beet seed harvesting apparatus as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that, A transparent material baffle is fixed on the inner wall of the harvesting cavity, the baffle is arc-shaped, and a plurality of cameras are wrapped in the baffle.

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