Multi-element mixed refrigerant suitable for temperature zone of-86 DEG C

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of refrigerants, in particular to a multi-component mixed refrigerant suitable for a temperature zone of-86 DEG C. The multi-component mixed refrigerant comprises a second group of substances, a fourth group of substances, a first group of substances, a third group of substances or one of the first group of substances and the third group of substances, and the first group of substances is methane R50, krypton R784 or a mixture of methane R50 and krypton R784; the second group of substances is ethylene R1150, ethane R170, xenon Xe or a mixture thereof; the third group of substances is propane R290, propylene R1270 or a mixture of the propane R290 and the propylene R1270; and the fourth group of substances is R601a, R601, R600a, R600 or a mixture of at least two of R601a, R601, R600a and R600. According to the refrigerant, by designing the components and the mass ratio of the refrigerant, efficient refrigeration in the temperature zone of-86 DEG C is achieved, meanwhile, it is ensured that the total amount of hydrocarbon refrigerant in a single refrigeration cycle is not larger than 150 g, the refrigerant is suitable for a heat regeneration and exchange type single-component cycle (LHR) refrigeration system, and the refrigeration efficiency and the system stability can be remarkably improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of deep refrigeration, in particular to a multi-component mixed refrigerant suitable for a-86℃ temperature zone. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, two-stage external cascade refrigeration cycle is usually used to achieve-86℃ deep refrigeration, but the system is complex in structure, low in efficiency and poor in reliability, some products use HC / HC refrigerant combination, which has poor performance, and some products use HFC / HFC refrigerant combination, which does not meet the environmental protection requirements.

[0003] The use of ACR self-cascade refrigeration cycle requires the use of compressor oil return system, pressure balance system, refrigerant condensation and separation system, etc., which requires the addition of oil separator, expansion tank, gas-liquid separator and other components, so the system needs to use more refrigerant (far more than 150g), and more types of combination are needed to realize the stability of pressure and pressure ratio, and HC and HFC and other components are needed, the system is more complex, and there are also safety hazards.

[0004] Many countries and international standards (such as ISO5149, IEC60335-2-89, etc.) have strict restrictions on the charge amount of hydrocarbon refrigerant (usually not more than 150g), and exceeding this limit value may result in the product failing to pass the certification or entering the market. Based on the limitation of environmental protection regulations, although the GWP (global warming potential) of hydrocarbon refrigerant is low, excessive use violates environmental protection regulations or energy efficiency standards, and the non-azeotropic multi-component mixed refrigerant in the prior art is generally non-pure hydrocarbon or the total amount of hydrocarbon refrigerant in a single refrigeration cycle is greater than 150g, which does not meet the requirements of environmental protection regulations. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to solve the above problems, provide a multi-component mixed refrigerant suitable for a-86℃ temperature zone, which can significantly improve the refrigeration efficiency and system stability of a single-stage self-cascade refrigeration system and a single-stage self-cascade refrigeration system with condensation and separation components.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: a multi-component mixed refrigerant suitable for a-86℃ temperature zone, comprising a second group of substances, a fourth group of substances, and one of a first group of substances, a third group of substances or both, wherein: The first group of substances is methane R50, krypton R784 or a mixture thereof; The second group of substances is ethylene R1150, ethane R170, xenon Xe or a mixture thereof; The third group of substances is propane R290, propylene R1270 or a mixture thereof; The fourth group of substances is a mixture of isopentane R601a, n-pentane R601, isobutane R600a, n-butane R600, or at least two of these substances; The total mass of the second group of substances, the fourth group of substances, the first group of substances, and the third group of substances is no more than 150g.

[0007] Furthermore, the sum of the mass ratios of the second group of substances, the fourth group of substances, the first group of substances, and the third group of substances is 100%.

[0008] Furthermore, the total mass ratio of the first group of substances is 5%-22%; The total mass ratio of the second group of substances is 13%-50%; The total mass ratio of the third group of substances is 8%-30%; The total mass ratio of the fourth group of substances is 25%-70%.

[0009] Furthermore, the sum of the mass ratios of the second group of substances, the fourth group of substances, and the first group of substances is 100%.

[0010] Furthermore, the total mass ratio of the second group of substances is 25%-40%; The total mass ratio of the fourth group of substances is 50%-65%; The total mass ratio of the first group of substances is the balance.

[0011] Furthermore, the sum of the mass ratios of the second group of substances, the fourth group of substances, and the third group of substances is 100%. Furthermore, the total mass ratio of the second group of substances is 17%-25%; The total mass ratio of the fourth group of substances is 55%-70%; The total mass ratio of the third group of substances is the balance.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The refrigerant of this invention includes a variety of hydrocarbon refrigerants to form a non-azeotropic multi-component mixed refrigerant. By optimizing the refrigerant composition and cycle design, the various components of the refrigerant form different concentration ratios at different temperature ranges from ambient temperature to refrigeration temperature, resulting in different thermophysical properties and thus producing different phase change evaporation effects. This forms a stepped refrigeration property with uniform phase change characteristics, avoiding temperature "jumps" to achieve efficient, stable, and reliable refrigeration effects throughout the -86°C temperature range. The refrigerant of this invention achieves high-efficiency refrigeration in the -86°C temperature range by designing the composition and mass ratio of the refrigerant, while ensuring that the total amount of hydrocarbon refrigerant in a single refrigeration cycle does not exceed 150g. This refrigerant is suitable for single-stage self-cascade refrigeration systems and single-stage self-cascade refrigeration systems with condensation separation components, and can significantly improve refrigeration efficiency and system stability. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0014] Examples 1-3: The total amount of multi-component mixed hydrocarbon refrigerant in a single ultra-low temperature refrigeration cycle of this invention is ≤150g, the minimum heat transfer temperature difference inside the heat exchanger is 1K, and the ambient temperature is 32℃. The concentration and performance of the multi-component mixed refrigerant working fluid are shown in the table below:

[0015] Examples 4-6: The total amount of multi-component mixed hydrocarbon refrigerant in a single ultra-low temperature refrigeration cycle of this invention is ≤150g, the minimum heat transfer temperature difference inside the heat exchanger is 1K, and the ambient temperature is 32℃. The concentration and performance of the multi-component mixed refrigerant working fluid are shown in the table below:

[0016] Examples 7-9: The total amount of multi-component mixed hydrocarbon refrigerant in a single ultra-low temperature refrigeration cycle of this invention is ≤150g, the minimum heat transfer temperature difference inside the heat exchanger is 1K, and the ambient temperature is 32℃. The concentration and performance of the multi-component mixed refrigerant working fluid are shown in the table below:

[0017] Examples 10-12: The total amount of multi-component mixed hydrocarbon refrigerant in a single ultra-low temperature refrigeration cycle of this invention is ≤150g, the minimum heat transfer temperature difference inside the heat exchanger is 1K, and the ambient temperature is 32℃. The concentration and performance of the multi-component mixed refrigerant working fluid are shown in the table below:

[0018] Examples 13-15: The total amount of multi-component mixed hydrocarbon refrigerant in a single ultra-low temperature refrigeration cycle of this invention is ≤150g, the minimum heat transfer temperature difference inside the heat exchanger is 1K, and the ambient temperature is 32℃. The concentration and performance of the multi-component mixed refrigerant working fluid are shown in the table below:

[0019] Examples 16-18: The total amount of multi-component mixed hydrocarbon refrigerant in a single ultra-low temperature refrigeration cycle of this invention is ≤150g, the minimum heat transfer temperature difference inside the heat exchanger is 1K, and the ambient temperature is 32℃. The concentration and performance of the multi-component mixed refrigerant working fluid are shown in the table below:

[0020] Examples 19-21:

[0021] Based on the above embodiments, it can be clearly seen that the refrigerant of the present invention is a hydrocarbon non-azeotropic multi-component mixed refrigerant. By rationally proportioning various components, it can first achieve efficient refrigeration in the -86℃ temperature range. The non-azeotropic multi-component mixed refrigerant of the present invention can be used in a regenerative heat exchange type single-component cycle (LHR) refrigeration system, which can enable the compressor in the refrigeration system to have good operating conditions. Moreover, the total amount of hydrocarbon refrigerant in a single refrigeration cycle is no more than 150g. Compared with the ACR single-unit self-cascade cycle commonly used in the field of -86℃ low temperature storage, the present invention is more suitable for the simple and efficient LHR refrigeration cycle under the premise of meeting the requirement that the total mass of hydrocarbon refrigerant is ≤150g.

[0022] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-component mixed refrigerant suitable for use in a temperature range of -86°C, characterized in that, comprise a second group of substances, a fourth group of substances, and one of a first group of substances, a third group of substances, or both, wherein: the first group of substances is methane R50, krypton R784, or a mixture thereof; the second group of substances is ethylene R1150, ethane R170, xenon Xe, or a mixture thereof; the third group of substances is propane R290, propylene R1270, or a mixture thereof; the fourth group of substances is R601a, R601, R600a, R600, or a mixture of at least two of them; the total mass of the second group of substances, the fourth group of substances, and the first group of substances, the third group of substances is not more than 150 g.

2. The multi-component mixed refrigerant suitable for use in the temperature region of -86°C according to claim 1, characterized in that, the sum of the mass ratios of the second group of substances, the fourth group of substances, and the first group of substances, the third group of substances is 100%.

3. The multi-component mixed refrigerant suitable for use in the temperature range of -86°C according to claim 2, characterized in that, the total mass ratio of the first group of substances is 5%-22%; the total mass ratio of the second group of substances is 13%-50%; the total mass ratio of the third group of substances is 8%-30%; the total mass ratio of the fourth group of substances is 25%-70%.

4. The multi-component mixed refrigerant suitable for use in the -86°C temperature region according to claim 1, wherein the sum of the mass ratios of the second group of substances, the fourth group of substances, and the first group of substances is 100%.

5. The multi-component mixed refrigerant suitable for use in the temperature range of -86°C according to claim 4, characterized in that, the total mass ratio of the second group of substances is 25%-40%; the total mass ratio of the fourth group of substances is 50%-65%; the total mass ratio of the first group of substances is the balance.

6. The multi-component mixed refrigerant suitable for use in the temperature range of -86°C according to claim 1, characterized in that, the sum of the mass ratios of the second group of substances, the fourth group of substances, and the third group of substances is 100%.

7. The multi-component mixed refrigerant suitable for use in the temperature region of -86°C according to claim 6, characterized in that, the total mass ratio of the second group of substances is 17%-25%; the total mass ratio of the fourth group of substances is 55%-70%; the total mass ratio of the third group of substances is the balance.

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