Semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition, metal working fluid and preparation method of metal working fluid
By using block copolymer nonionic surfactants and a reasonable water-oil ratio to construct the formula, the problem of excessive foaming caused by defoamers in semi-synthetic cutting fluids was solved, resulting in a more stable cutting fluid system and higher processing efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511631769.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-17
AI Technical Summary
Existing semi-synthetic cutting fluids used in aluminum alloy machining often produce excessive foam due to the addition of defoamers, which affects lubrication, heat dissipation, and tool wear. Furthermore, the defoamers have poor stability and are prone to precipitation, resulting in poor workpiece surface finish and stability issues.
By using block copolymer nonionic surfactants as emulsifiers and combining them with a reasonable ratio of base oil and pure water, a water-oil balance formulation framework is constructed to reduce the foaming tendency of the cutting fluid and reduce the use of defoamers.
It effectively inhibits foam formation, improves the stability and lubrication performance of cutting fluid, reduces the residual and usage risks of defoamers, and enhances processing efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN121674137A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of cutting fluids, specifically to a semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition, a metal working fluid, and a method for preparing the same. Background Technology
[0002] Aluminum alloys are lightweight, have high thermal conductivity, are easy to anodize, and are easy to process, making them widely used in the electronics industry. The processing of aluminum alloys in electronic products places higher demands on the performance of the metal working fluid.
[0003] Cutting fluid is an essential functional liquid in metal processing. Based on chemical composition, it can be broadly classified into water-based and oil-based categories. Water-based cutting fluids include emulsified, semi-synthetic, and fully synthetic types. Semi-synthetic cutting fluids combine the advantages of both emulsified and fully synthetic types, making them suitable for machining aluminum alloys in electronic products. To achieve multiple functions, such as corrosion protection, corrosion inhibitors are typically added to the cutting fluid composition. Furthermore, semi-synthetic cutting fluids are water-oil mixtures, requiring the addition of large amounts of surfactants to ensure the stability of both the original cutting fluid and the resulting metal working fluid. Without defoamers, the circulating and impacting action of the metal working fluid within the machine tool generates significant amounts of foam. Excessive foam can lead to problems during cutting, such as lubrication issues, heat dissipation problems, tool wear, and environmental pollution.
[0004] Currently, the main solution to the problem of excessive foaming in semi-synthetic cutting fluids' metal working fluids is to add defoamers, such as silicone defoamers. However, silicone defoamers are difficult to fully dissolve in metal working fluids, instead existing as fine particles. These small particles easily remain on the surface of the workpiece, causing a decrease in the yield of subsequent processes (such as cleaning and passivation) and resulting in poor workpiece appearance (such as reduced gloss). In addition, as an additional additive, defoamers have a certain impact on the stability of the semi-synthetic cutting fluid stock solution and the resulting metal working fluid, easily causing the oil droplet size of the stock solution or working fluid to increase. At the same time, the stability of defoamers themselves is generally limited; for example, silicone defoamers are metastable systems and are prone to precipitating out of the working fluid under certain operating conditions.
[0005] Therefore, the use of defoamers in semi-synthetic cutting fluid metal working fluids carries certain residual and usage risks, and it is necessary to develop a metal working fluid with low dependence on defoamers. Summary of the Invention
[0006] In view of this, this application provides a semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition, a metal working fluid, and a method for preparing the same, to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, this application provides a semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition comprising pure water, base oil, emulsifier, and functional additives. The functional additives include one or more of oiliness agents, lubricants, corrosion inhibitors, pH buffers, and antibacterial agents. The emulsifier includes one or more of C16-C18 fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene, block polyether, trans-block polyether, alkoxylated C16-C18 fatty alcohol, and isotridecyl alcohol. Based on the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition, the emulsifier accounts for 8% to 15% by mass, the base oil accounts for 16% to 28% by mass, and the balance is pure water.
[0008] Based on the first aspect, in some possible implementations, the oiling agent includes one or more of tall oil fatty acids, castor oil fatty acids, refined tall oil, and castor oil.
[0009] Based on the first aspect, in some possible implementations, based on a semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition, the oiliness agent accounts for 1% to 5% by mass.
[0010] Based on the first aspect, in some possible implementations, the lubricant includes one or more of castor oil oleate and oleic acid synthetic ester.
[0011] Based on the first aspect, in some possible implementations, the lubricant accounts for 1% to 5% by mass of the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition.
[0012] Based on the first aspect, in some possible implementations, the corrosion inhibitor includes one or more of sebacic acid, tricarboxylic acid, neodecanoic acid, polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, and benzotriazole and its derivatives.
[0013] Based on the first aspect, in some possible implementations, the pH buffer includes one or more of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, isopropanolamine, and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol.
[0014] Based on the first aspect, in some possible implementations, the bacteriostatic agent includes one or more of morpholine bactericides, isothiazolinone bactericides, dicyclohexylamine, and hydantoin.
[0015] Based on the first aspect, in some possible implementations, the corrosion inhibitor accounts for 2% to 5% by mass of the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition.
[0016] Based on the first aspect, in some possible implementations, the pH buffer content is 2% to 8% by mass, based on the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition.
[0017] Based on the first aspect, in some possible implementations, based on a semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition, the antibacterial agent accounts for 1% to 4% by mass.
[0018] Based on the first aspect, in some possible implementations, the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition does not contain an antifoaming agent.
[0019] Secondly, this application provides a metal working fluid comprising the above-mentioned semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition, wherein the concentration of the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition in the metal working fluid is 5% to 15%.
[0020] Thirdly, this application provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned metal working fluid, comprising: mixing pure water and a portion of functional additives, wherein the portion of functional additives includes one or more of pH buffers and antibacterial agents, to obtain a first mixture; mixing base oil, emulsifier, and another portion of functional additives, wherein the other portion of functional additives includes one or more of corrosion inhibitors, oiliness agents, and lubricants, to obtain a second mixture; mixing the first mixture and the second mixture to obtain a semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition; and diluting the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition to obtain a metal working fluid.
[0021] The emulsifier used in this application is a block copolymer nonionic surfactant with an EO / PO block structure. It features a short ethylene oxide (EO) chain and a medium-length propylene oxide (PO) chain, which helps to expand the interfacial layer between the oil and water phases and prevents gas encapsulation. The shorter EO chain reduces its extensibility in the aqueous phase, while the medium-length PO chain, after inserting into the gas-liquid interface, disrupts the hydration layer with its methyl side chains, reducing the elasticity of the foam film and inhibiting foam formation. Therefore, it is less prone to foaming, thus reducing the overall foaming tendency of the cutting fluid while providing emulsification. This application also controls the dosage to create a suitable ratio of emulsifier, base oil, and pure water. Specific amounts of base oil and pure water form a reasonable water-oil balance formulation framework, which can control the viscosity of the cutting fluid within a range conducive to foam dissipation, further reducing the overall foaming tendency of the cutting fluid. This also facilitates the use of functional additives and alleviates foaming phenomena between functional additives. Meanwhile, this water-oil balance formulation framework provides a suitable aqueous-oil interface. A specific amount of emulsifier distributed at the aqueous-oil interface provides excellent emulsification, offering a stable system for functional additives and reducing the risk of foaming caused by excessive emulsifier remaining in the aqueous phase. Therefore, the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition of this application is less prone to foaming than conventional semi-synthetic cutting fluid compositions with added defoamers, which helps reduce the use of defoamers and thus reduces the residual and usage risks caused by defoamers. Attached Figure Description
[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a method for preparing a metal working fluid according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application; it should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; where there is no conflict, the implementation methods and features of the implementation methods of this application can be combined with each other; many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of this application, and the described implementation methods are only a part of the implementation methods of this application, and not all of the implementation methods.
[0024] In related technologies, semi-synthetic cutting fluid compositions typically include functional additives. These additives usually provide good performance or a stable system for the cutting fluid, thereby improving the efficiency of metal processing. However, substances containing fatty acid structures in functional additives (such as lubricants and oiliness agents) can combine with organic amines (such as pH adjusters) to form soap-like substances. Similar to most emulsifiers, these soaps can also cause excessive foaming in the cutting fluid. Therefore, the foaming factors in semi-synthetic cutting fluid compositions are complex, and it is also necessary to consider whether the system stability of the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition is compatible with the functional additives.
[0025] Based on this, one embodiment of this application provides a semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition comprising pure water, base oil, emulsifier, and functional additives. The functional additives include one or more of oiliness agents, lubricants, corrosion inhibitors, pH buffers, and antibacterial agents. The emulsifier includes one or more of C16-C18 fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene, block polyether, trans-block polyether, alkoxylated C16-C18 fatty alcohol, and isotridecyl alcohol. Based on the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition, the emulsifier accounts for 8% to 15% by mass, the base oil accounts for 16% to 28% by mass, and the remainder is pure water. For example, the mass percentage of the emulsifier can be 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, 10%, 10.5%, 11%, 11.5%, 12%, 12.5%, 13%, 13.5%, 14%, 14.5%, 15%, or any value within the range of any two of the above values, and the mass percentage of the base oil can be 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, or any value within the range of any two of the above values.
[0026] The emulsifier used in this application is a block copolymer nonionic surfactant with an EO / PO block structure. It features a short ethylene oxide (EO) chain and a medium-length propylene oxide (PO) chain, which helps to expand the interfacial layer between the oil and water phases and prevents gas encapsulation. The shorter EO chain reduces its extensibility in the aqueous phase, while the medium-length PO chain, after inserting into the gas-liquid interface, disrupts the hydration layer with its methyl side chains, reducing the elasticity of the foam film and inhibiting foam formation. Therefore, it is less prone to foaming, thus reducing the overall foaming tendency of the cutting fluid while providing emulsification. This application also controls the dosage to create a suitable ratio of emulsifier, base oil, and pure water. Specific amounts of base oil and pure water form a reasonable water-oil balance formulation framework, which can control the viscosity of the cutting fluid within a range conducive to foam dissipation, further reducing the overall foaming tendency of the cutting fluid. This also facilitates the use of functional additives and alleviates foaming phenomena between functional additives. Meanwhile, this water-oil balance formulation framework provides a suitable aqueous-oil interface. A specific amount of emulsifier distributed at the aqueous-oil interface provides excellent emulsification, offering a stable system for functional additives and reducing the risk of foaming caused by excessive emulsifier remaining in the aqueous phase. Therefore, the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition of this application is less prone to foaming than conventional semi-synthetic cutting fluid compositions with added defoamers, which helps reduce the use of defoamers and thus reduces the residual and usage risks caused by defoamers.
[0027] Understandably, when the base oil's mass percentage exceeds the preset range, the water-oil balance formulation framework may be disrupted, leading to instability in the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition. It also makes it difficult to control the appropriate viscosity, hindering the reduction of the overall foaming tendency of the cutting fluid and impeding the effectiveness of functional additives. Furthermore, it makes it difficult to eliminate foam when it does occur. Conversely, when the emulsifier dosage is excessive (e.g., the mass percentage exceeds the preset range), the excess emulsifier may remain free in the phase, easily causing foaming. Conversely, when the emulsifier dosage is insufficient (e.g., the mass percentage is less than the preset range), the insufficient emulsifier provides a poor emulsification effect, which is detrimental to system stability and the effectiveness of functional additives.
[0028] In some embodiments, the base oil includes mineral oil. For example, the mineral oil may be recycled from naphthenic oil, which helps reduce costs.
[0029] In some embodiments, the oiling agent includes one or more of tall oil fatty acids, castor oil fatty acids, refined tall oil, and castor oil.
[0030] In some embodiments, the oiliness agent is present in a mass percentage of 1% to 5% based on the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition. For example, the mass percentage of the oiliness agent may be 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, or any value within the range of any two of the above values.
[0031] In some embodiments, the lubricant includes one or more of castor oil oleate and synthetic oleic acid ester.
[0032] In some embodiments, the lubricant, based on the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition, comprises 1% to 5% by mass. For example, the mass percentage of the lubricant may be 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, or any value within the range of any two of the above values.
[0033] The use of the above-mentioned oily agent and lubricant compound can synergistically improve the lubrication performance of the resulting metal working fluid, making it more suitable for tapping, broaching, deep hole drilling, threading and other machining processes in aluminum alloy processing, while protecting the cutting tools and achieving a good surface finish.
[0034] In some embodiments, the corrosion inhibitor includes one or more of sebacic acid, tricarboxylic acid, neodecanoic acid, polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, and benzotriazole and its derivatives.
[0035] In some embodiments, the corrosion inhibitor is present in a mass percentage of 2% to 5% based on the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition. For example, the mass percentage of the corrosion inhibitor may be 2%, 2.3%, 2.6%, 2.9%, 3.2%, 3.5%, 3.8%, 4.1%, 4.4%, 4.7%, 5%, or any value within the range of any two of the above values.
[0036] Using the above-mentioned corrosion inhibitors is beneficial to improving the corrosion resistance of the resulting metal working fluid.
[0037] In some embodiments, the pH buffer includes one or more of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, isopropanolamine, and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol.
[0038] In some embodiments, the pH buffer is present in a mass percentage of 2% to 8% based on the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition. For example, the mass percentage of the pH buffer may be 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, or any value within the range of any two of the above values.
[0039] In some embodiments, the antibacterial agent includes one or more of morpholine fungicides, isothiazolinone fungicides, dicyclohexylamine, and hydantoin.
[0040] In some embodiments, the antibacterial agent is present in a mass percentage of 1% to 4% based on the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition. For example, the mass percentage of the antibacterial agent may be 1%, 1.3%, 1.6%, 1.9%, 2.2%, 2.5%, 2.8%, 3.1%, 3.4%, 3.7%, 4%, or any value within the range of any two of the above values.
[0041] The use of the aforementioned pH buffer and antibacterial agent is beneficial for synergistically inhibiting the growth of bacteria or fungi, and alleviating problems such as foul odor in metal industrial liquids caused by the excessive proliferation of bacteria or fungi. The pH buffer helps maintain the alkaline system of the metal working liquid, inhibiting bacterial or fungal growth, while controlling the alkalinity of the metal industrial liquid within a suitable range to prevent significant pitting or oxidation on the aluminum alloy substrate surface.
[0042] In some embodiments, the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition does not contain a defoamer. In related technologies, the amount of silicone defoamer added to a semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition is generally 0.05% to 0.5% to reduce foaming of the metal working fluid during cutting, avoiding problems such as lubrication, heat dissipation, tool wear, and environmental pollution caused by excessive foam. The semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition of this application uses a special emulsifier and establishes a reasonable ratio of emulsifier, base oil, and pure water. While maintaining compatibility with various functional additives, it reduces the overall foaming tendency of the cutting fluid. Compared to conventional semi-synthetic cutting fluid compositions with added defoamers, it is less prone to foaming, thus reducing the need for defoamers. Therefore, the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition of this application also exhibits low-foaming properties without the addition of defoamers (such as silicone defoamers).
[0043] One embodiment of this application also provides a metal working fluid comprising the aforementioned semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition, wherein the concentration of the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition in the metal working fluid is 5% to 15%. For example, the concentration of the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition in the metal working fluid can be 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, or any value within the range of any two of the above values. Controlling the concentration of the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition in the metal working fluid within the above range can achieve good cutting performance while reducing foam generation during the cutting process, thus improving the efficiency of metal processing.
[0044] This application also provides a method for preparing the above-described metal working fluid according to one embodiment. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 ,include: S1: Mix pure water and some functional additives, including one or more of pH buffers and antibacterial agents, to obtain a first mixture.
[0045] S2: Mix base oil, emulsifier and another portion of functional additives, the other portion of functional additives including one or more of corrosion inhibitors, oiliness agents and lubricants, to obtain a second mixture.
[0046] S3: Mix the first mixture and the second mixture to obtain a semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition.
[0047] S4: Dilute the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition to obtain a metal working fluid.
[0048] Understandably, the above mixing can be achieved by stirring, with the stirring speed controlled between 400 rpm and 600 rpm, for example, 400 rpm, 420 rpm, 440 rpm, 460 rpm, 480 rpm, 500 rpm, 520 rpm, 540 rpm, 560 rpm, 580 rpm, and 600 rpm. The stirring time can be adjusted according to the actual production volume.
[0049] The method for preparing the metal working fluid of this application, by controlling the mixing order of the above-mentioned raw materials, helps to reduce the formation of colloidal substances. Colloidal substances may cause some raw materials to agglomerate and precipitate, thus facilitating the formation of a stable semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition. This allows the components in the resulting metal working fluid to be compounded in reasonable amounts and function effectively. At the same time, the preparation method of this application is simple and controllable, reducing the production safety risks associated with heating.
[0050] The present application's solution will be explained below with reference to embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless otherwise stated, reagents, software, and instruments involved in the following embodiments that are not specifically mentioned are all conventional commercially available products or open-source materials.
[0051] Examples 1-4: A metal working fluid, according to the semi-synthetic cutting fluid compositions in Table 1, is prepared by a method comprising: Step 1: Mix pure water, pH buffer, and antibacterial agent to obtain the first mixture; Step 2: Mix base oil, emulsifier, corrosion inhibitor, oiliness agent and lubricant to obtain a second mixture; Step 3: Mix the first mixture and the second mixture to obtain a homogeneous transparent solution, thus obtaining a semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition.
[0052] Step 4: Prepare a 10% dilution of the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition mother liquor to obtain the metal working fluid.
[0053] Example 5: A metal working fluid, which differs from Example 1 in that it also contains an organosilicone defoamer, with the organosilicone defoamer accounting for 0.1% of its mass.
[0054] Comparative Example 1: A metal working fluid, which differs from Example 5 in that it uses E1007 and sodium petroleum sulfonate as emulsifiers, and the mass ratio of added organosilicon defoamer is 0.1%.
[0055] Comparative Example 2: A metal working fluid differs from Example 5 in that the emulsifier accounts for 18% by mass and the added silicone defoamer accounts for 0.1% by mass.
[0056] The preparation methods of the metal working fluids in Examples 5 and Comparative Examples 1-2 include: Step 1: Mix pure water, pH buffer, and antibacterial agent to obtain the first mixture; Step 2: Mix base oil, emulsifier, corrosion inhibitor, oiliness agent and lubricant to obtain a second mixture; Step 3: Mix the first and second mixtures to obtain a homogeneous transparent solution, and then obtain the third mixture; Step 4: Mix the defoamer with the third mixture to obtain a homogeneous transparent solution, thus obtaining a semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition; Step 5: Prepare a 10% dilution of the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition mother liquor to obtain the metal working fluid.
[0057] The metal working fluids of Examples 1-5 of this application meet the requirements of GB / T 6144-2010.
[0058] This application conducted corrosion resistance tests on the metal working fluids of Examples 1-4, using cast iron, 2-series / 6-series / 7-series aluminum alloys, and copper test blocks, according to GB / T 6144-2010. In the corrosion resistance results, Grade A indicates virtually no rust and a new-looking finish, while Grade B indicates slight discoloration. Please refer to Table 2 for the test results.
[0059] This application conducted tapping torque tests on the metal working fluids of Examples 1-4. The test block used was TTTestbar-Art. TAL04C 3.4365 MEF2 / Φ3.7mm 20mm (7075), the rotation speed was 1200 rpm, the hole depth was 12mm, and the maximum torque was 400 Ncm. Lower tapping torque indicates better extreme pressure lubrication performance. The test results are shown in Table 2.
[0060] This application also conducted foaming tests on the metal working fluids of Examples 1-4, including: using a cyclic impact method, based on 500 mL of 10% diluted solution, for a test time of 24 h, and measuring the foam volume. A smaller foam volume indicates lower foaming performance. The test results are shown in Table 2.
[0061] Examples 5 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were also analyzed for foaming performance using the aforementioned foaming test. Specifically, the foaming performance of Comparative Examples 1-2 was tested before the addition of the silicone defoamer, yielding the foaming performance without the defoamer. Then, based on the foaming performance test results of Example 5, Comparative Examples 1-2 were modified to achieve foaming performance comparable to Example 5 by adding appropriate amounts of silicone defoamer, yielding the foaming performance after using the defoamer. The amount of silicone defoamer used in Examples 5 and Comparative Examples 1-2 was statistically analyzed. A lower amount of silicone defoamer indicates a lower dependence of the metal working fluid on the defoamer to reduce foam generation. The test results are shown in Table 3.
[0062] Table 1. Composition of the semi-synthetic cutting fluid compositions of Examples 1-4 of this application .
[0063] Table 2. Performance test results of the metal working fluids in Examples 1-4 of this application .
[0064] Table 3. Test results of foaming performance and silicone defoamer dosage of the metal working fluids of Example 5 and Comparative Examples 1-2 of this application. .
[0065] The semi-synthetic cutting fluid compositions in Examples 1-4 of this application use emulsifiers that are block copolymer nonionic surfactants. These surfactants contain an EO / PO block structure with short ethylene oxide (EO) chains and medium-length propylene oxide (PO) chains. This structure helps to expand the interfacial layer between the oil and water phases and prevents gas encapsulation. The shorter EO chains reduce its extensibility in the aqueous phase, while the medium-length PO chains, after inserting into the gas-liquid interface, disrupt the hydration layer with their methyl side chains, reducing foam film elasticity and inhibiting foam formation. Therefore, while providing emulsification, this application reduces the overall foaming tendency of the cutting fluid. Furthermore, by controlling the dosage to achieve a suitable ratio of emulsifier, base oil, and pure water, this application establishes a reasonable water-oil balance formulation framework using specific amounts of base oil and pure water. This allows the viscosity of the cutting fluid to be controlled within a range conducive to foam dissipation, further reducing the overall foaming tendency of the cutting fluid. This also facilitates the use of functional additives and alleviates foaming phenomena between functional additives. Meanwhile, this water-oil balance formulation framework provides a suitable aqueous-oil interface. A specific amount of emulsifier distributed at the aqueous-oil interface provides excellent emulsification, offering a stable system for functional additives and reducing the risk of foaming caused by excessive emulsifier remaining in the aqueous phase. Therefore, the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition of this application is less prone to foaming than conventional semi-synthetic cutting fluid compositions with added defoamers, which helps reduce the use of defoamers and thus reduces the residual and usage risks caused by defoamers.
[0066] Meanwhile, as can be seen from Example 5, in the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition system of this application embodiment, the amount of silicone defoamer can be controlled at a low level. Adding this amount of silicone defoamer helps to further reduce foaming while reducing the residual risk and usage risk caused by conventional amounts of defoamer.
[0067] Compared to Examples 1-4, Comparative Example 1, which uses a conventional emulsifier without the use of a silicone defoamer, is prone to foaming during formulation and cutting. In Comparative Example 2, the excessive amount of emulsifier caused more foam in the aqueous phase, indicating that the emulsifier is the main cause of foaming. In contrast, the embodiments of this application, by constructing a suitable ratio of emulsifier, base oil, and pure water, provide a suitable aqueous-oil phase interface through a water-oil balance formulation framework. This allows a smaller amount of emulsifier to provide a good emulsification effect at the aqueous-oil phase interface, providing a stable system for functional additives and reducing the risk of excessive emulsifier floating in the aqueous phase, which could lead to foaming.
[0068] Compared to Example 5, Comparative Examples 1-2 attempted to achieve foaming performance comparable to Example 5 by controlling the amount of silicone defoamer used after using the silicone defoamer. However, even before Comparative Examples 1-2 achieved foaming performance comparable to Example 5, the amount of silicone defoamer used was significantly higher than in Example 5. This indicates that, in order to reduce foam generation, the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition of this application embodiment relies less on defoamers. This further demonstrates that the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition of this application embodiment is beneficial for reducing the use of defoamers, thereby reducing the residual and usage risks caused by defoamers.
[0069] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solutions of this application should not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this application.
Claims
1. A semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition characterized in that, The semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition comprises pure water, base oil, emulsifier and functional additives, the functional additives comprise one or more of oiliness agent, lubricant, corrosion inhibitor, pH buffer and bacteriostatic agent; wherein, The emulsifier comprises one or more of C16-C18 fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene, block polyether, trans-block polyether, alkoxylated C16-C18 fatty alcohol and isomeric tridecanol; Based on the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition, the mass percentage of the emulsifier is 8% to 15%, the mass percentage of the base oil is 16% to 28%, and the balance is pure water.
2. The semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition of claim 1, wherein, The oiliness agent comprises one or more of tall oil fatty acid, castor oil fatty acid, refined tall oil and castor oil.
3. The semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition of claim 1, wherein, Based on the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition, the mass percentage of the oiliness agent is 1% to 5%.
4. The semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition of claim 1, wherein, The lubricant comprises one or more of castor oil acid polymeric ester and oleic acid synthetic ester.
5. The semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition of claim 1, wherein, Based on the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition, the mass percentage of the lubricant is 1% to 5%.
6. The semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition of claim 1, wherein, The semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition further satisfies at least one of the following conditions: (1) The corrosion inhibitor comprises one or more of sebacic acid, tribasic acid, neodecanoic acid, polyoxyethylene ether phosphate and benzotriazole and its derivatives; (2) The pH buffer comprises one or more of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, isopropanolamine and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol; (3) The bacteriostatic agent comprises one or more of morpholine bactericide, isothiazolinone bactericide, dicyclohexylamine and hydantoin.
7. The semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition of claim 1, wherein, The semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition further satisfies at least one of the following conditions: (1) Based on the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition, the mass percentage of the corrosion inhibitor is 2% to 5%; (2) Based on the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition, the mass percentage of the pH buffer is 2% to 8%; (3) Based on the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition, the mass percentage of the bacteriostatic agent is 1% to 4%.
8. The semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition of claim 1, wherein, The semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition does not contain defoaming agent.
9. A metal working fluid characterized by, The metal working fluid comprises the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition according to any one of claims 1-7, and the concentration of the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition in the metal working fluid is 5% to 15%.
10. A method of preparing a metal working fluid as claimed in claim 9, characterised in that, It comprises: Mixing the pure water and part of the functional additives, part of the functional additives comprising one or more of the pH buffer and the bacteriostatic agent, to obtain a first mixed solution; Mixing the base oil, the emulsifier and another part of the functional additives, another part of the functional additives comprising one or more of the corrosion inhibitor, the oiliness agent and the lubricant, to obtain a second mixed solution; Mixing the first mixed solution and the second mixed solution to obtain the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition; Diluting the semi-synthetic cutting fluid composition to obtain the metal working fluid.