Multi-layer composite wall and building structure

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-layer composite wall and a building structure, and relates to the field of buildings. The device comprises a contraction piezoelectric strip, a phase change energy storage layer and an expansion piezoelectric strip which are sequentially arranged from the middle to the two sides. The phase change energy storage layer is used for extruding the contraction piezoelectric strip or the expansion piezoelectric strip through deformation generated by heat absorption and release due to temperature difference, so that the contraction piezoelectric strip or the expansion piezoelectric strip generates electric energy; the phase change energy storage layers located on the two sides of the contraction piezoelectric strips are symmetrically arranged, and the expansion piezoelectric strips located on the two sides of the phase change energy storage layers are symmetrically arranged. According to the wall and the system, efficient heat preservation, heat insulation and passive power generation functions are cooperatively achieved through a heat energy-mechanical energy-electric energy conversion path, and the wall and the system are suitable for various civil and industrial buildings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of architecture, and more particularly to a multi-layer composite wall and building structure. Background Technology

[0002] Building energy consumption accounts for over 30% of total societal energy consumption, with energy consumption due to heat exchange in the building envelope accounting for more than 40% of building operation energy consumption. Meanwhile, the high dependence of traditional buildings on the external power grid and the carbon emissions from fossil fuel consumption are becoming increasingly prominent issues. To achieve the "dual carbon" goal, developing new building envelopes that combine thermal insulation, energy supply, and intelligent management has become a research hotspot.

[0003] In existing technologies, phase change energy storage materials are only used for temperature regulation and do not achieve energy recovery; thermoelectric or piezoelectric power generation technologies are mostly single-function applications and lack deep integration with building structures; energy management is mostly passive storage and does not dynamically adjust the flow of electricity according to the building's real-time energy consumption and the environment.

[0004] For example, the building energy system disclosed in CN116455321B does not form a complete conversion path from thermal energy to mechanical energy to electrical energy, and the distribution of electrical energy lacks intelligent control. Existing piezoelectric power generation technology is mostly applied to mechanical vibration scenarios, and there are no reported cases of integrating it into the building thermal environment and linking it with smart homes. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a building wall system that can realize thermal-mechanical-electric conversion, multi-path distribution of electrical energy, and intelligent linkage with the building structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One of the purposes of this application is to provide a multi-layer composite wall and building structure, which aims to solve the problem of the single function of traditional building walls.

[0006] The technical solution of this application is: A multi-layer composite wall includes a shrinking piezoelectric strip, a phase change energy storage layer, and an expanding piezoelectric strip arranged sequentially from the middle to both sides; the phase change energy storage layer is used to compress the shrinking piezoelectric strip or the expanding piezoelectric strip by deformation caused by heat absorption and release due to temperature difference, so that the shrinking piezoelectric strip or the expanding piezoelectric strip generates electrical energy.

[0007] As one technical solution of this application, the phase change energy storage layers on both sides of the contraction piezoelectric strip are symmetrically arranged, and the expansion piezoelectric strips on both sides of the phase change energy storage layer are symmetrically arranged.

[0008] As one technical solution of this application, the phase change energy storage layer includes a phase change material filled inside the wall body, and the phase change material includes paraffin-based composite phase change material, fatty acid-based composite phase change material, and multi-element eutectic phase change material.

[0009] As one technical solution of this application, both the shrinking piezoelectric strip and the expanding piezoelectric strip include piezoelectric ceramic sheets that form a power generation array by connecting electrodes in series.

[0010] As one technical solution of this application, a pressure gain layer is provided between the expanding piezoelectric strip and the phase change energy storage layer; the pressure gain layer is disposed on the outer side of the phase change energy storage layer and includes a corrugated metal sheet, and the outer wall has positioning grooves and positioning protrusions arranged in a continuous and staggered manner; the expanding piezoelectric strip is disposed on the positioning protrusion.

[0011] As one technical solution of this application, a heat insulation layer is provided on the sidewalls of the expansion piezoelectric strip and the pressure gain layer; the heat insulation layer includes a high-efficiency heat insulation material, and an installation channel adapted to the wiring of the expansion piezoelectric strip is provided inside the heat insulation layer, and the installation channel is filled with a sealing heat insulation material.

[0012] As one technical solution of this application, an exterior trim layer is provided on the side wall of the outer insulation layer, and an interior trim layer is provided on the side wall of the inner insulation layer.

[0013] A building structure includes an energy storage module, an intelligent control module, a sensor assembly, and the aforementioned multi-layer composite wall. The energy storage module is electrically connected to the shrinking piezoelectric strip and the expanding piezoelectric strip, and is used to store the electrical energy generated by the shrinking piezoelectric strip and the expanding piezoelectric strip. The sensor assembly is disposed in the multi-layer composite wall and is used to transmit various types of monitored data to the intelligent control module. The intelligent control module is electrically connected to both the sensor assembly and the energy storage module, and is used to distribute the electrical energy stored in the energy storage module according to the monitoring data received from the sensor assembly.

[0014] As one technical solution of this application, the energy storage module includes a rectifier and voltage regulator unit, a battery, and a grid connection interface; the battery is electrically connected to the shrinking piezoelectric strip and the expanding piezoelectric strip through the rectifier and voltage regulator unit; the grid connection interface is electrically connected to the intelligent control module, the battery, the smart home system, and the sensor assembly.

[0015] As one technical solution of this application, the intelligent control module includes a controller; the sensor assembly includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a light sensor, and a power sensor; the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, the light sensor, and the power sensor are respectively installed in the multi-layer composite wall and respectively transmit the measured data to the controller; the controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, the light sensor, the power sensor, and the grid connection interface, and is used to control the flow of power according to the received data.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this application are: (1) This application provides a multi-layer composite wall, which provides passive insulation by setting a shrinking piezoelectric strip, a phase change energy storage layer and an expansion piezoelectric strip in the wall. When there is a temperature difference between day and night or seasonal changes, the phase change energy storage layer absorbs heat (when the temperature rises) or releases heat (when the temperature drops). At the same time, the stable temperature difference (with the indoor or outdoor environment) formed by the phase change energy storage layer during the phase change process provides a continuous energy source for the adjacent expansion piezoelectric strip without the need for external power input. Furthermore, the phase change energy storage layer deforms due to the absorption and release of heat due to the temperature difference or the thermal expansion and contraction of the heat transfer medium, thereby squeezing the shrinking piezoelectric strip and converting mechanical energy into usable electrical energy. Insulation and energy recovery can be completed simultaneously without external power.

[0017] (2) This application provides a building structure with the above-mentioned multi-layer composite wall, which can simultaneously complete heat preservation and energy recovery without external power, effectively improve the building energy utilization rate, reduce dependence on external energy, and the materials and thickness of each functional layer can be flexibly adjusted according to the climate zone where the building is located. It has a wide range of applications and good economic and environmental benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-layer composite wall provided in the first embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the building structure operation logic provided for the second embodiment of this application.

[0020] Icons: 1-Exterior layer; 2-Pressure gain layer; 3-Expansion piezoelectric strip; 4-Insulation layer; 5-Phase change energy storage layer; 6-Contraction piezoelectric strip; 7-Interior layer; 8-Sensor assembly; 9-Electric energy storage module; 10-Intelligent control module; 11-Smart home. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can typically be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0022] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0024] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. They are only used to facilitate the description of this application and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0025] Furthermore, in this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above or below" the first feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Moreover, "above," "over," and "on" the first feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the first feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0026] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0027] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] First embodiment: Please refer to Figure 1 This embodiment provides a multi-layer composite wall, including an outer decorative layer 1, an insulation layer 4, an expansion piezoelectric strip 3, a pressure gain layer 2, a phase change energy storage layer 5, a contraction piezoelectric strip 6, a phase change energy storage layer 5, a pressure gain layer 2, an expansion piezoelectric strip 3, an insulation layer 4, and an interior layer 7 arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The phase change energy storage layer 5 is used to compress the contraction piezoelectric strip 6 or the expansion piezoelectric strip 3 by contraction or expansion deformation caused by heat absorption and release due to temperature difference, thereby causing the contraction piezoelectric strip 6 or the expansion piezoelectric strip 3 to generate electrical energy. At the same time, the phase change energy storage layers 5 on both sides of the contraction piezoelectric strip 6 are symmetrically arranged, and the expansion piezoelectric strips 3 on both sides of the phase change energy storage layer 5 are symmetrically arranged. A pressure gain layer 2 is provided between the expanding piezoelectric strip 3 and the phase change energy storage layer 5. The pressure gain layer 2 is located on the outer side of the phase change energy storage layer 5, and its outer wall has positioning grooves and positioning protrusions arranged in a continuous and staggered manner. The expanding piezoelectric strip 3 is located on the positioning protrusions. The pressure gain layer 2 is used to improve the power generation efficiency of the expanding piezoelectric strip 3 by changing the contact area between the phase change energy storage layer 5 and the expanding piezoelectric strip 3.

[0029] Furthermore, its phase change energy storage layer 5 adopts the phase change material that is filled inside the wall in existing technologies. The phase change material is selected according to the characteristics of the climate zone: paraffin-based composite phase change material with a phase change temperature of 18-22℃ is used in extremely cold and cold regions; fatty acid-based composite phase change material with a phase change temperature of 22-26℃ is used in hot-summer and cold-winter and temperate regions; and multi-element eutectic phase change material with a phase change temperature of 24-28℃ is used in hot-summer and warm-winter regions. The phase change energy storage layer 5 deforms due to the absorption and release of heat caused by temperature difference. When it expands, it directly compresses the expansion piezoelectric strips 3 on both sides, or when it contracts, it compresses the contraction piezoelectric strip 6 in the middle. When there is a diurnal temperature difference or seasonal change, the phase change energy storage layer 5 maintains the indoor temperature stability by absorbing heat (when the temperature rises) or releasing heat (when the temperature falls), thus achieving passive heat preservation. At the same time, the stable temperature difference formed during the phase change process (with the indoor or outdoor environment) provides a continuous energy source for the adjacent expansion piezoelectric strips 3, without the need for external power input.

[0030] It should be noted that the pressure gain layer 2 can be made of corrugated metal sheet; both the expansion piezoelectric strip 3 and the contraction piezoelectric strip 6 can be piezoelectric ceramic sheets that form a power generation array through series electrodes. The phase change energy storage layer 5 deforms or the heat transfer medium expands and contracts, squeezing the contraction piezoelectric strip 6 (when contracting), or drives the pressure gain layer 2 (when expanding), thereby squeezing the expansion piezoelectric strip 3 to generate electricity. The insulation layer 4 can be made of high-efficiency insulation material to provide basic thermal resistance and reduce heat exchange between indoors and outdoors. The thickness is determined according to building energy conservation standards, and the high-efficiency insulation material can be extruded polystyrene foam board, rigid polyurethane foam, or vacuum insulation board, etc. The insulation layer 4 has an installation channel adapted to the wiring of the expansion piezoelectric strip 3, and the installation channel is filled with sealing insulation material.

[0031] The multi-layer composite wall adopts a symmetrical composite structure of "exterior layer 1 - insulation layer 4 - expansion piezoelectric strip 3 - phase change energy storage layer 5 - contraction piezoelectric strip 6 - phase change energy storage layer 5 - expansion piezoelectric strip 3 - insulation layer 4 - interior layer 7". The temperature difference formed by the absorption and release of heat in the phase change energy storage layer 5 drives the expansion piezoelectric strip 3 and the contraction piezoelectric strip 6 to convert thermal energy into mechanical energy, and then into electrical energy through the piezoelectric effect.

[0032] Therefore, this embodiment provides a multi-layer composite wall, which, by setting a shrinking piezoelectric strip 6, a phase change energy storage layer 5, and an expanding piezoelectric strip 3 within the wall, enables the phase change energy storage layer 5 to maintain a stable indoor temperature by absorbing heat (when the temperature rises) or releasing heat (when the temperature falls) during diurnal temperature differences or seasonal changes, thus achieving passive insulation. At the same time, the stable temperature difference (with the indoor or outdoor environment) formed by the phase change energy storage layer 5 during the phase change process provides a continuous energy source for the adjacent expanding piezoelectric strip 3 without the need for external power input. Furthermore, the phase change energy storage layer 5 deforms due to the absorption and release of heat due to temperature differences, or the thermal expansion and contraction of the heat transfer medium, thereby squeezing the shrinking piezoelectric strip 6 or the expanding piezoelectric strip 3, converting mechanical energy into usable electrical energy, thus simultaneously completing insulation and energy recovery without the need for external power.

[0033] Second embodiment: Please refer to Figure 2 This embodiment provides a building structure, which mainly includes an energy storage module 9 (as in the prior art), an intelligent control module 10 (as in the prior art), a sensor assembly 8, and a multi-layer composite wall as in the first embodiment. The energy storage module 9 is electrically connected to the shrinking piezoelectric strip 6 and the expanding piezoelectric strip 3, and is used to store the electrical energy generated by the shrinking piezoelectric strip 6 and the expanding piezoelectric strip 3. The sensor assembly 8 is disposed in the insulation layer 4 of the multi-layer composite wall and is located in the positioning groove of the pressure gain layer 2. It is used to transmit various types of monitored data to the intelligent control module 10. Furthermore, the intelligent control module 10 is electrically connected to both the sensor assembly 8 and the energy storage module 9, and is used to distribute the electrical energy stored in the energy storage module 9 according to the monitoring data received from the sensor assembly 8. The multi-layer composite insulated building wall serves as the core functional carrier. The energy storage module 9 is electrically connected to the shrinking piezoelectric strip 6 and the expanding piezoelectric strip 3, respectively. The intelligent control module 10 is connected to the sensor assembly 8 installed in the multi-layer composite wall, the energy storage module 9, and the external smart home system 11. Diurnal or seasonal temperature differences cause the phase change energy storage layer 5 to absorb and release heat, resulting in deformation. This deformation compresses the piezoelectric ceramic sheets in the shrinking piezoelectric strip 6 or the expanding piezoelectric strip 3, generating electricity. The electrical energy flows to the smart home system 11, to the sensor assembly 8 inside and outside the wall, and to the stored energy. Through an energy conversion path of "thermal energy - mechanical energy - electrical energy," it synergistically achieves efficient thermal insulation and passive power generation, making it suitable for various civil and industrial buildings.

[0034] Its energy storage module 9 includes a rectifier and voltage regulator unit, a battery, and a grid connection interface. The battery is electrically connected to the shrinking piezoelectric strip 6 and the expanding piezoelectric strip 3 via the rectifier and voltage regulator unit. Simultaneously, its grid connection interface is electrically connected to the intelligent control module 10, the battery, the smart home unit 11, and the sensor components 8 within the multi-layer composite wall. The energy flow includes: supplying the smart home unit 11, supplying the sensor components 8 inside and outside the wall, and storing it in the battery.

[0035] It should be noted that its intelligent control module 10 uses a controller based on existing technology.

[0036] Furthermore, the sensor assembly 8 includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a light sensor, and an electrical energy sensor. These sensors are installed in the insulation layer 4 of the multi-layer composite wall and transmit their measured data to the controller. They can collect data such as indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity, light intensity, building equipment energy consumption, and wall power generation, providing data support for regulation. The temperature sensor monitors the indoor and outdoor temperature difference and the temperature of the phase change energy storage layer 5 in real time, determining the priority of "insulation" or "power generation." The humidity sensor monitors the humidity inside the wall to prevent condensation from damaging the functional layers. The light sensor determines the indoor and outdoor light intensity, enabling intelligent adjustment of the indoor lighting system. The electrical energy sensor is integrated into the energy storage module 9 to detect the power generation of the expanding piezoelectric strip 3 or the contracting piezoelectric strip 6 and the battery energy storage status, providing a basis for energy distribution. The controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, light sensor, electrical energy sensor, and grid connection interface, controlling the flow of electrical energy based on the received data.

[0037] It should be noted that the rectifier and voltage regulator unit, battery, grid connection interface, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, light sensor, power sensor, and controller all adopt existing technologies and their specific structural designs and working principles will not be elaborated here. The rectifier and voltage regulator unit is used to convert the unstable electrical energy (DC or AC) output from the expansion piezoelectric bar 3 or contraction piezoelectric bar 6 into stable DC electrical energy, with the output voltage stabilized at 12V, which can directly adapt to the power supply needs of most smart home devices. The battery uses lithium-ion or lead-acid batteries to store the rectified electrical energy, and the energy storage capacity is determined according to the building's electrical load. The grid connection interface converts the DC electrical energy stored in the battery into AC electrical energy through a micro inverter, which can be connected in parallel with the home power grid as a green energy supplement. The controller uses a low-power chip and is linked with the smart home 11 system. The controller is self-powered by the power generated by the expanding piezoelectric strip 3 or the contracting piezoelectric strip 6. When the power generation is insufficient, the battery is triggered to provide auxiliary power. The sensor component 8 monitors data such as indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity, light intensity, and energy consumption of home equipment. The controller dynamically adjusts the power flow and controls smart home 11 devices (such as air conditioners, window blinds, etc.) accordingly.

[0038] The operating modes of the intelligent control module 10 include: High power supply mode: When the real-time power consumption of the house is detected to be ≥60% of the rated load, the controller will prioritize the real-time power generation of the expanding piezoelectric strip 3 or the contracting piezoelectric strip 6 to supply the smart home 11, while ensuring the power supply of the sensor components 8. Low-power storage mode: When the real-time power consumption of the house is less than 30% of the rated load, the controller will store all the electrical energy generated by the expanding piezoelectric strip 3 or the contracting piezoelectric strip 6 in the battery. Sensor assembly 8 continuous power supply mode: The internal and external sensor assemblies 8 are continuously powered by the expansion piezoelectric strip 3 or the contraction piezoelectric strip 6 to ensure real-time acquisition of environmental data.

[0039] This application breaks through the limitations of traditional energy technologies that rely on sunlight or active energy supply. It improves the building's energy self-sufficiency rate through functional integration and energy cascade conversion. The parameters of each functional layer can be adapted to different climate zones, and it has broad application prospects.

[0040] Third embodiment: This embodiment targets the operation scenario of a residential building in a hot-summer, cold-winter region during the summer daytime hours of 10:00-16:00, when the outdoor temperature is 35-38℃ and the initial indoor temperature is 28℃. Due to the continuous conduction of the high outdoor temperature, the phase change energy storage layer 5 is triggered to absorb heat and expand, driving the expanded piezoelectric strip 3 to generate electricity, which is a typical "thermal expansion power generation" operating condition.

[0041] Starting at 10:00, the outdoor high temperature is conducted to the interior of the wall through the exterior layer 1. After the insulation layer 4 blocks 70% of the heat, the remaining heat causes the temperature of the phase change energy storage layer 5 to rise from 24°C to 26°C, triggering the phase change material to change from solid to liquid. Accompanied by volume expansion, the phase change energy storage layer 5 continues to expand within 6 hours, forming a continuous outward thrust that directly acts on the pressure gain layer 2 of the expanding piezoelectric strips 3 on both sides.

[0042] Indoor environmental control: The pressure gain layer 2 compresses and expands the piezoelectric strips 3 to generate charge, which is then output as voltage through a series array. During the heat absorption process of the phase change energy storage layer 5, the indoor temperature is stabilized at 25-26℃ through latent heat regulation, which is 4-5℃ lower than that of residences without this system. The air conditioner setting temperature is increased from 24℃ to 26℃, and power consumption is reduced.

[0043] Power distribution strategy: Of the power generated by the wall system, about half is directly supplied to the air conditioner, one-third is supplied to low-power devices such as living room lighting, smart curtains, and temperature and humidity sensors, and the remaining power is stored in the battery through the rectifier and voltage regulator unit.

[0044] Intelligent control logic: When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the phase change energy storage layer 5 is ≥26℃, the controller will link the smart curtains to close by 50% to reduce direct solar heat; at the same time, all expansion piezoelectric strips 3 will be activated to ensure maximum power generation efficiency.

[0045] Ultimately, this will improve power generation performance, increase energy efficiency, and significantly enhance thermal comfort.

[0046] Fourth embodiment: This embodiment is designed for the operation scenario of a residential building in a frigid region during the winter night from 20:00 to 6:00 the next day. At this time, the outdoor temperature is -15 to -10℃, and the indoor heating equipment is running (set temperature 22℃). Due to the significant temperature difference between indoors and outdoors, the phase change energy storage layer 5 releases heat, solidifies, and contracts, driving the expansion piezoelectric strip 3 to generate electricity in reverse, which is a typical "cold contraction power generation" working condition.

[0047] After 8:00 PM, the outdoor low temperature caused a sharp drop in the temperature of the outer wall. The phase change energy storage layer 5, releasing latent heat into the room (to maintain the indoor temperature), saw its temperature drop from 20°C to 18°C, triggering the phase change material to transition from a liquid to a solid state, accompanied by volume contraction. The phase change energy storage layer 5 continued to contract over 10 hours, creating an inward pulling force that acted on the pressure gain layer 2 of the expanding piezoelectric strips 3 on both sides. The pressure gain layer 2 underwent reverse deformation, converting the contraction force into a compressive force on the expanding piezoelectric strips 3 through a mechanical structure, thus outputting voltage. Simultaneously, the phase change energy storage layer 5 compressed the contracting piezoelectric strip 6 in the center of the wall, also outputting voltage.

[0048] Indoor environmental control: Phase change energy storage layer 5 releases latent heat to supplement indoor heat dissipation, which extends the operating interval of heating equipment, reduces power consumption, and reduces energy consumption by 10 hours at night.

[0049] Power distribution strategy: Of the generated electricity, one-third is supplied to safety devices such as indoor and outdoor temperature sensors, gas leak alarms, and smart door locks; one-third of the electricity is directly supplied to the underfloor heating circulation pump; and the remaining electricity is stored in the battery.

[0050] Intelligent control logic: When the temperature sensor detects that the outdoor temperature is ≤-12℃, the controller shuts down 20% of the non-sun-facing thermoelectric conversion units to reduce heat loss through the power generation process; at the same time, it links with the wall-hung boiler to lower the outlet water temperature and uses the latent heat of the phase change energy storage layer 5 to maintain a stable indoor temperature.

[0051] The feasibility of this application under both thermal expansion and contraction conditions is verified by the third and fourth embodiments. Through the synergistic effect of the phase change energy storage layer 5, the expansion piezoelectric strip 3, and the contraction piezoelectric strip 6, the passive conversion of "temperature difference → mechanical energy → electrical energy" is realized, while taking into account building insulation and energy recovery, and adapting to the dynamic operation requirements of different climate zones.

[0052] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A multi-layer composite wall, characterized in that, The piezoelectric strip, the phase change energy storage layer and the piezoelectric strip are arranged from the middle to both sides in sequence; the phase change energy storage layer is used for extruding the piezoelectric strip or the piezoelectric strip to make the piezoelectric strip or the piezoelectric strip generate electric energy through the deformation caused by heat absorption and release due to temperature difference.

2. The multi-layer composite wall of claim 1, wherein, The phase change energy storage layers on both sides of the piezoelectric strip are symmetrically arranged, and the piezoelectric strips on both sides of the phase change energy storage layer are symmetrically arranged.

3. The multi-layer composite wall of claim 1, wherein, The phase change energy storage layer includes a phase change material filled in the wall body, and the phase change material includes a paraffin-based composite phase change material, a fatty acid-based composite phase change material and a multi-component eutectic phase change material.

4. The multi-layer composite wall of claim 1, wherein, The piezoelectric strip and the piezoelectric strip each include a piezoelectric ceramic sheet formed into a power generation array by electrodes in series.

5. The multi-layer composite wall of claim 1, wherein, The piezoelectric strip and the phase change energy storage layer are provided with a pressure gain layer; the pressure gain layer is arranged on the outside of the phase change energy storage layer and includes a corrugated metal sheet, and the outer wall has a positioning groove and a positioning protrusion arranged in a continuous staggered manner; the piezoelectric strip is arranged on the positioning protrusion.

6. The multi-layer composite wall of claim 5, wherein, The piezoelectric strip and the pressure gain layer are provided with a heat preservation layer on the side wall; the heat preservation layer includes a high-efficiency heat preservation material, and an installation channel adapted to the wiring of the piezoelectric strip is arranged in the heat preservation layer, and the installation channel is filled with a sealing heat preservation material.

7. The multi-layer composite wall of claim 6, wherein, The side wall of the heat preservation layer on the outside is provided with an outer decoration layer, and the side wall of the heat preservation layer on the inside is provided with an inner decoration layer.

8. A building structure, characterized by The power storage module, the intelligent control module, the sensor assembly and the multi-layer composite wall body of any one of claims 1 to 7 are included; the power storage module is electrically connected with the piezoelectric strip and the piezoelectric strip, and is used for storing the electric energy generated by the piezoelectric strip and the piezoelectric strip; the sensor assembly is arranged in the multi-layer composite wall body, and is used for transmitting the monitored data to the intelligent control module; the intelligent control module is electrically connected with the sensor assembly and the power storage module, and is used for distributing the electric energy stored in the power storage module according to the monitored data received from the sensor assembly.

9. The building structure according to claim 8, characterized in that The power storage module includes a rectifier and voltage stabilizing unit, a storage battery and a grid-connected interface; the storage battery is electrically connected with the piezoelectric strip and the piezoelectric strip through the rectifier and voltage stabilizing unit; the grid-connected interface is electrically connected with the intelligent control module, the storage battery, smart home and the sensor assembly.

10. The building structure according to claim 9, wherein The intelligent control module includes a controller; the sensor assembly includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a light sensor and an electric energy sensor; the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, the light sensor and the electric energy sensor are respectively installed in the multi-layer composite wall body, and respectively transmit the measured data to the controller; the controller is electrically connected with the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, the light sensor, the electric energy sensor and the grid-connected interface, and is used for controlling the flow direction of electric energy according to the received data.

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