Excavator bucket tooth abrasion testing device and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of bucket tooth abrasion testing, and particularly relates to an excavator bucket tooth abrasion testing device and method. Comprising a bucket; a U-shaped handrail; the bucket is connected with a plurality of bucket teeth; the U-shaped holding rod is arranged at the top of the excavator bucket, and the excavator bucket is located in the opening range of the U-shaped holding rod; a retention self-clamping unit is arranged on the U-shaped handrail; the retention self-clamping unit comprises a retention T plate; the two retention T plates are mounted at the two ends of the U-shaped handrail respectively; two first bases are connected to the side face of the U-shaped handrail. The opposite faces of the two first bases are jointly connected with a main sliding rail. The main slide rail is provided with a decontamination and loss measurement device; by means of the technical scheme, attachments such as soil blocks attached to the bucket teeth can be actively and synchronously cleaned during testing, the influence on the testing result of the bucket teeth is avoided, the testing precision is improved, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, the attachments do not need to be manually cleaned, the using effect of the device is improved, and therefore the overall testing efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of bucket tooth wear testing, and particularly relates to a testing device and method for wear of a bucket tooth of an excavator. BACKGROUND

[0002] The bucket tooth is a core and easily-worn part of an engineering machine, is subjected to impact cutting for a long time and is extremely easy to wear, and the wear degree directly affects the operation efficiency, energy consumption and operation safety of the equipment; the existing testing device usually directly tests the bucket tooth on the bucket, but cannot clean the soil and sundries adhered to the bucket tooth synchronously in the testing process; this not only interferes with the testing result, reduces the testing precision of the device, but also increases the labor intensity of the workers - the adhered sundries need to be cleaned manually by the workers, thereby reducing the use effect of the device and greatly reducing the overall testing efficiency. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the above problems, the application provides a testing device and method for wear of a bucket tooth of an excavator to overcome the defects of the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the application provides the following technical scheme: a testing device for wear of a bucket tooth of an excavator, comprising a bucket; a U-shaped support rod; the bucket is connected with a plurality of bucket teeth; the U-shaped support rod is arranged at the top of the bucket and the bucket is within the opening range of the U-shaped support rod; a self-clamping unit for fixing the U-shaped support rod on the bucket is arranged on the U-shaped support rod; the self-clamping unit comprises a fixing T plate; two fixing T plates are respectively arranged on the two ends of the U-shaped support rod; two first bases are connected with the side surface of the U-shaped support rod; the opposite surfaces of the two first bases are jointly connected with a main slide rail; a cleaning and wear testing device is arranged on the main slide rail, which is used to actively remove the adhered sundries on the surface of the bucket tooth before testing the wear condition of the bucket tooth; the cleaning and wear testing device comprises an active sliding block which is connected with the main slide rail in a matching mode; the active sliding block is in sliding cooperation with the main slide rail; a displacement T block is connected with the top of the U-shaped support rod; a receiving and energy reduction assembly is arranged on the displacement T block, which is used to reduce the impact received by the U-shaped support rod during testing; the receiving and energy reduction assembly comprises a displacement threaded shaft which is arranged on the side of the displacement T block away from the U-shaped support rod.

[0005] Preferably, a driving source is arranged on the displacement T block; the output end of the driving source is connected with the displacement threaded shaft.

[0006] A displacement square block is connected with the end of the displacement threaded shaft away from the displacement T block in a penetrating mode; the displacement threaded shaft is in threaded cooperation with the displacement square block.

[0007] A displacement cylinder is fixedly connected with the top of the U-shaped support rod; the side of the displacement square block close to the U-shaped support rod is connected with the displacement cylinder in a penetrating mode; the displacement square block is in sliding cooperation with the displacement cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, it includes a displacement plate, which is disposed within the opening of the U-shaped handrail;

[0009] One end of the displacement slide column is connected to the displacement plate; the other end of the displacement slide column passes through the top of the U-shaped handrail, and the two slide in cooperation; the two displacement slide columns are symmetrically arranged with the center of the displacement threaded shaft as the axis of symmetry.

[0010] An L-shaped connecting rod is located at the top of the U-shaped support rod; one end of the L-shaped connecting rod is connected to the displacement sliding column, and the other end is connected to the displacement block.

[0011] Preferably, it includes a retaining slider, which is mounted on a retaining T-plate;

[0012] A retaining column is connected through the retaining slider on the side near the bucket; the retaining column and the retaining slider are in sliding engagement; a retaining limiting plate is connected to the end of the retaining column away from the side of the bucket; a retaining clamping block is connected to the end of the retaining column near the side of the bucket.

[0013] A rubber pad is connected to the retaining clamp on the side near the bucket; the side of the bucket is located on the moving path of the rubber pad.

[0014] A positioning spring is sleeved on a positioning square post; one end of the positioning spring is fixedly connected to a positioning limiting plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to a positioning slider.

[0015] Preferably, it includes a second base mounted on the retaining slider;

[0016] A positioning cylinder is connected to the second base; a positioning block is connected through the positioning cylinder, and the two are slidably engaged.

[0017] A positioning spring is sleeved on a positioning cylinder; one end of the positioning spring is fixedly connected to a second base, and the other end is fixedly connected to a positioning block; a positioning square plate is installed on the positioning block; the positioning square plate is located on the side of the fixed slider; a positioning insert is installed on the side of the positioning square plate near the fixed slider.

[0018] A positioning slot is installed through the fixed column on the side near the positioning plate; several positioning slots are arranged at equal intervals; when the positioning block passes through the fixed slider, it connects with one of the positioning slots.

[0019] Preferably, it includes a secondary slide rail, which is mounted on the active slider; the secondary slide rail is perpendicularly fitted to the main slide rail.

[0020] The secondary sliding block is fitted onto the secondary slide rail; the secondary sliding block and the secondary slide rail are in sliding engagement.

[0021] A telescopic cylinder is installed on the side of the secondary sliding block away from the secondary slide rail; a guide block is connected to the output end of the telescopic cylinder;

[0022] Guide slide column, installed on guide base block;

[0023] The third base is fixedly connected to the secondary moving slider; the end of the guide slide block away from the guide base block is connected through the third base; the guide slide block and the third base are in sliding engagement.

[0024] Preferably, a water storage container is installed on the guide base block; the outer wall of the water storage container is provided with an annular rotating groove, and the centers of the two are coaxial; at least three guide rotating blocks are fitted and connected in the annular rotating groove; the guide rotating blocks are slidably engaged with the annular rotating groove; a high-pressure jet nozzle, a high-pressure liquid spray nozzle, and a vision detector are installed on the three guide rotating blocks one by one; a connecting pipe is connected to the water storage container; one end of the connecting pipe is rotatably engaged with the water storage container, and the other end is connected to the high-pressure liquid spray nozzle.

[0025] Preferably, it includes an energy-reducing horizontal plate; several energy-reducing horizontal plates are connected to the side of the displacement plate away from the displacement sliding column;

[0026] An energy-reducing cylinder is connected through the energy-reducing horizontal plate on the side near the bottom of the bucket; the energy-reducing cylinder and the energy-reducing horizontal plate are slidably fitted; an energy-reducing block is installed at one end of the energy-reducing cylinder near the bottom of the bucket; a buffer pad is installed on the energy-reducing block; the bottom of the bucket is located on the moving path of the buffer pad.

[0027] An energy-reducing spring is sleeved on an energy-reducing cylinder; one end of the energy-reducing spring is fixedly connected to an energy-reducing block, and the other end is fixedly connected to an energy-reducing horizontal plate.

[0028] Preferably, it includes a stationary contact piece connected to the side of the retaining clamp block away from the side of the bucket;

[0029] The moving contact is connected to the side of the fixed slider near the bucket; the stationary contact is electrically connected to the moving contact.

[0030] This invention also provides a method for testing the wear of excavator bucket teeth, comprising the following steps:

[0031] S1. The self-clamping and fixing unit is used to fix the U-shaped support bar to the bucket; the cleaning and damage testing device for testing bucket tooth wear is integrated on the U-shaped support bar, so that the U-shaped support bar does not need to be manually supported for a long time during the testing process.

[0032] S2. Use a cleaning and damage testing device to test the wear condition of several bucket teeth on the bucket, and actively clean the adhering substances on the bucket teeth before testing;

[0033] S3. Under the action of the energy-reducing component on the U-shaped support bar, the impact on the U-shaped support bar is reduced during the test, so as to ensure the stable use of the cleaning and damage testing device and avoid hindering the device's wear test on the bucket teeth.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0035] (1) The high-pressure spray nozzle is used to rinse the deposits on the bucket teeth to reduce the stickiness between the deposits and the bucket teeth. At the same time, under the action of liquid impact, some of the less sticky deposits can also be washed off. After rinsing the bucket teeth, the guide block on the high-pressure spray nozzle is limited to rotate in the annular groove on the water storage container to move the high-pressure spray nozzle to another location. It is worth mentioning that the liquid used by the high-pressure spray nozzle comes from the water storage container. The two are connected by a connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe can rotate on the water storage container to avoid knotting and severe wear. By rotating the guide block on the high-pressure spray nozzle in the annular groove, the high-pressure spray nozzle is rotated to the working position. The high-pressure airflow sprayed from the output end of the high-pressure spray nozzle can be used to further wash off the deposits adhering to the bucket teeth to ensure that the bucket teeth to be tested are clean. The device can then rotate the guide block on the vision detector to the workstation within the annular groove. This allows the vision detector to test and inspect the wear of the bucket teeth, determining whether the width, length, and thickness are below acceptable limits. It's worth noting that the wear test is performed directly on the bucket, eliminating the need for manual removal of the teeth. Simultaneously, soil and other adhering materials are actively and synchronously cleaned from the bucket teeth during testing, preventing them from affecting the test results. This not only improves testing accuracy and reduces the workload of workers, eliminating the need for manual cleaning and thus enhancing the device's effectiveness and overall testing efficiency.

[0036] (2) Since the number of positioning slots is set, it means that the positioning clamp on the positioning column can be restricted to different positions for use. This means that the fixing clamp unit can adapt and fix the U-shaped support rod to different specifications of buckets. This also means that the bucket teeth on buckets of different sizes can be detected and tested, further reducing the limitations of the device and improving its performance. When the positioning column is limited, the positioning spring in the buffer state cannot be reset. The resulting elastic force acts on the positioning slider, increasing the friction and strength of the positioning slot and the positioning plug. This avoids the positioning plug from being dislodged or displaced due to non-human factors during use, further improving the installation effect of the U-shaped support rod and the performance of the device.

[0037] (3) The displacement slide column moves at the upper limit of the U-shaped support rod, causing the displacement plate on the displacement slide column to move closer to the top of the bucket, thereby causing the energy reduction plate on the displacement plate to move, and under the action of the energy reduction cylinder and the energy reduction spring, it drives the energy reduction block to move closer to the bottom surface of the bucket until the energy reduction block contacts the bottom surface of the bucket. At the same time, the buffer pad contacts the bottom surface of the bucket, which can be used to support the U-shaped support rod, avoiding the instability of the U-shaped support rod from affecting the test results of the cleaning and damage testing device on it when testing the bucket teeth, thus improving the use effect of the device and improving the use effect of the self-clamping unit. At the same time, the buffer force brought by the buffer pad and the energy reduction spring can also reduce the impact force on the cleaning and damage testing device and the U-shaped support rod during use, improve the use stability of the U-shaped support rod, improve the use effect of the cleaning and damage testing device on it, and ensure the test accuracy of the bucket teeth, further improving the use effect of the device.

[0038] (4) The high-pressure jet nozzle, high-pressure liquid nozzle, and vision detector are integrated on the output end of the telescopic cylinder. By operating the telescopic cylinder, the high-pressure jet nozzle, high-pressure liquid nozzle, and vision detector can operate at different lengths of the bucket teeth. The telescopic cylinder is installed on the secondary sliding block, which can slide on the secondary slide rail, thereby enabling the high-pressure jet nozzle, high-pressure liquid nozzle, and vision detector to operate at different heights of the bucket teeth. However, the secondary slide rail is installed on the active sliding block, which can move at the upper limit of the main slide rail, thus enabling the high-pressure jet nozzle, high-pressure liquid nozzle, and vision detector to operate at different heights of the bucket teeth. The device operates at different positions on the teeth and on several teeth on the bucket, which is equivalent to the high-pressure jet nozzle, high-pressure liquid nozzle, and vision detector operating on the bucket teeth on the X, Y, and Z axes. This avoids blind spots that could affect the testing accuracy when the high-pressure jet nozzle, high-pressure liquid nozzle, and vision detector are used on the bucket teeth. It also cleans the deposits on the bucket teeth from all angles, thereby further improving the effectiveness of the device. When using the device, several bucket teeth installed on the bucket can be tested at once, which improves the testing efficiency of the device and further enhances its effectiveness.

[0039] (5) When the U-shaped support bar is fixed on the bucket, if the fixed clamping block is dislodged due to non-human factors, the fixed clamping block will be reset under the action of the fixed spring, which will move it closer to the fixed slider, so that the moving contact piece on the fixed slider will contact the stationary contact piece on the fixed clamping block. The contact between the moving contact piece and the stationary contact piece will send a signal to the signal module in the central processing unit, which means that the fixed clamping block is no longer in contact with the bucket, causing the U-shaped support bar to be dislodged after installation. The signal is sent to the signal module, which will then be used to send the information to the staff in a timely manner through the signal transmission module, so as to notify the staff in a timely manner and avoid delaying the device to detect and test the wear of the bucket teeth on the bucket, thereby improving the use effect of the device and reducing its usage limitations.

[0040] (6) Push the retaining column towards the side of the bucket, limiting its movement at the retaining slider. This puts the retaining spring in a buffer state, causing the retaining clamp on the retaining column to move closer to the side of the bucket until it contacts the side of the bucket. At this point, the positioning plate can be released, allowing the positioning spring, which was originally in a buffer state, to reset. This will cause the positioning insert to reset and move, passing through the retaining slider and connecting to one of the positioning slots. This limits the retaining column, preventing the retaining clamp on it from moving or dislodging due to non-human factors during use. Simultaneously operate the movement of the retaining clamp on the other side, ensuring that both retaining clamps on both sides of the bucket are in position. By contacting both sides of the bucket, the U-shaped support bar can be fixed to the bucket, thus completing the installation operation. This allows the cleaning and damage testing device on the U-shaped support bar to stably detect and test the wear of the bucket teeth, avoiding the need for workers to hold the device for testing and inspection, reducing the workload of workers and improving the effectiveness of the device. It is worth mentioning that when the retaining block contacts the side of the bucket, the rubber pad on the retaining block also contacts the side of the bucket. The rubber pad increases the contact friction between the retaining block and the bucket, preventing slippage and instability when fixing the U-shaped support bar to the bucket, further improving the installation effect of the U-shaped support bar. Attached Figure Description

[0041] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0042] In the attached diagram:

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a front view of the U-shaped handrail of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rubber pad structure of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the annular rotating groove structure of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the excavator bucket of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the energy-reducing block structure of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning square plate structure of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the secondary slide rail structure of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the retaining slider of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the displacement plate structure of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the visual detector structure of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the moving contact structure of the present invention;

[0055] In the diagram: 1. Bucket; 2. U-shaped support bar; 3. Fixing T-plate; 4. First base; 5. Main slide rail; 6. Active slider; 7. Displacement T-block; 8. Displacement threaded shaft; 9. Drive source; 10. Displacement block; 11. Displacement cylinder; 12. Displacement long plate; 13. Displacement sliding column; 14. L-shaped connecting rod; 15. Fixing slider; 16. Fixing square column; 17. Fixing limit plate; 18. Fixing clamp; 19. Rubber pad; 20. Fixing spring; 21. Second base; 22. Positioning cylinder; 23. Positioning block; 24. Positioning spring 25. Positioning square plate; 26. Positioning insert block; 27. Positioning slot; 28. Secondary slide rail; 29. ​​Secondary moving slider; 30. Telescopic cylinder; 31. Guide base block; 32. Guide slide column; 33. Third base; 34. Water storage container; 35. Annular rotating groove; 36. Guide rotating block; 37. High-pressure jet nozzle; 38. High-pressure liquid spray nozzle; 39. Vision detector; 40. Connecting pipe; 41. Energy-reducing horizontal plate; 42. Energy-reducing cylinder; 43. Energy-reducing square block; 44. Buffer pad; 45. Energy-reducing spring; 46. Static contact piece; 47. Moving contact piece. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] Implementation examples, by Figures 1 to 12The present invention includes a bucket 1; a U-shaped support rod 2; a plurality of bucket teeth connected to the bucket 1; the U-shaped support rod 2 is located on the top of the bucket 1, and the bucket 1 is within the opening range of the U-shaped support rod 2; a self-clamping unit is provided on the U-shaped support rod 2 for fixing the U-shaped support rod 2 to the bucket 1; two first bases 4 are connected to the side of the U-shaped support rod 2; the opposing surfaces of the two first bases 4 are connected to a main slide rail 5; a cleaning and wear testing device is provided on the main slide rail 5 for testing the wear condition of the bucket teeth. Before, the attachments on the surface of the bucket teeth are actively removed; a displacement T-block 7 is connected to the top of the U-shaped support bar 2; the displacement T-block 7 is equipped with an energy-reducing component to reduce the impact on the U-shaped support bar 2 during testing; the cleaning and damage testing device includes an active slider 6, which is fitted onto the main slide rail 5; the active slider 6 slides with the main slide rail 5; a secondary slide rail 28 is installed on the active slider 6; the secondary slide rail 28 is perpendicular to the main slide rail 5; a secondary moving slider 29 is fitted onto the secondary slide rail 28; the secondary moving slider... Block 29 slides in conjunction with the secondary slide rail 28; a telescopic cylinder 30 is installed on the side of the secondary sliding block 29 away from the secondary slide rail 28; a guide base block 31 is connected to the output end of the telescopic cylinder 30; a guide slide column 32 is installed on the guide base block 31; a third base 33 is fixedly connected to the secondary sliding block 29; one end of the guide slide column 32 away from the guide base block 31 is connected through to the third base 33; the guide slide column 32 and the third base 33 slide in conjunction; a water storage device is installed on the guide base block 31. Container 34; the outer wall of the water storage container 34 is provided with an annular rotating groove 35, the centers of which are coaxial; at least three guide rotating blocks 36 are fitted inside the annular rotating groove 35; the guide rotating blocks 36 are slidably engaged with the annular rotating groove 35; a high-pressure jet nozzle 37, a high-pressure liquid spray nozzle 38, and a vision detector 39 are installed on the three guide rotating blocks 36 respectively; a connecting pipe 40 is connected to the water storage container 34; one end of the connecting pipe 40 is rotatably engaged with the water storage container 34, and the other end is connected to the high-pressure liquid spray nozzle 38;

[0058] In use, the device uses a self-clamping unit to fix the U-shaped support bar 2 to the bucket 1. Then, the high-pressure spray nozzle 38 is operated to flush away any adhering material on the bucket teeth, reducing the stickiness between the material and the teeth. Simultaneously, the liquid impact washes away some less sticky material. After flushing the bucket teeth, the guide block 36 on the high-pressure spray nozzle 38 is rotated within the annular groove 35 on the water storage container 34 to move the nozzle to another location. It's worth noting that the liquid used by the high-pressure spray nozzle 38 comes from the water storage container 34, and the two are connected by a connecting pipe 40. This connecting pipe 40 can rotate on the water storage container 34 to prevent tangling and severe wear. Finally, by rotating the guide block 36 on the high-pressure air nozzle 37 within the annular groove 35, the high-pressure air nozzle 37 is rotated to its working position. The high-pressure airflow ejected from the output end of the high-pressure air nozzle 37 can be used to further remove any remaining adhesive material. The adhering material on the bucket teeth is washed away to ensure that the bucket teeth to be tested are in a clean state. Then, the guide block 36 on the vision detector 39 can be rotated in the annular groove 35 to the working position, so that the vision detector 39 can be used to test and detect the wear of the bucket teeth, and to judge whether the wear of the bucket teeth, such as width, length and thickness, is less than the qualified range, thus completing the wear test of the bucket teeth. It is worth mentioning that the wear test of the bucket teeth is carried out directly on the bucket 1, avoiding the need for manual removal of the bucket teeth. At the same time, during the test, the soil and other adhering materials on the bucket teeth are actively and synchronously cleaned, so that the presence of these adhering materials does not affect the test results of the bucket teeth. This not only improves the test accuracy and avoids the interference of these adhering materials on the bucket teeth, but also reduces the labor intensity of the workers, eliminating the need for manual cleaning of these adhering materials, thereby improving the use effect of the device and improving the overall test efficiency.

[0059] It is worth mentioning that the high-pressure jet nozzle 37, high-pressure liquid spray nozzle 38, and vision detector 39 are integrated on the output end of the telescopic cylinder 30. By operating the telescopic cylinder 30, the high-pressure jet nozzle 37, high-pressure liquid spray nozzle 38, and vision detector 39 can operate at different lengths of the bucket teeth. The telescopic cylinder 30 is mounted on the secondary sliding block 29, which can slide on the secondary slide rail 28, thereby allowing the high-pressure jet nozzle 37, high-pressure liquid spray nozzle 38, and vision detector 39 to operate at different heights of the bucket teeth. However, the secondary slide rail 28 is mounted on the active sliding block 6, which can move at the upper limit of the main slide rail 5, allowing the high-pressure jet nozzle 37 and high-pressure liquid spray nozzle 38 to operate at different heights of the bucket teeth. The nozzle 38 and vision detector 39 can operate on different positions of the bucket teeth and on several bucket teeth on the bucket 1. This means that the high-pressure jet nozzle 37, high-pressure liquid nozzle 38, and vision detector 39 can operate on the bucket teeth on the X, Y, and Z axes, avoiding blind spots that could affect the testing accuracy. This also allows for comprehensive cleaning of the deposits on the bucket teeth, further improving the effectiveness of the device. The device can test several bucket teeth installed on the bucket 1 at once, improving the testing efficiency and further enhancing its effectiveness.

[0060] The self-clamping unit of this embodiment includes a positioning T-plate 3; two positioning T-plates 3 are respectively installed on both ends of the U-shaped support rod 2; a positioning slider 15 is installed on the positioning T-plate 3; a positioning square post 16 is connected through to the side of the positioning slider 15 near the bucket 1; the positioning square post 16 and the positioning slider 15 are slidably engaged; a positioning limiting plate 17 is connected to the end of the positioning square post 16 away from the side of the bucket 1; a positioning clamping block 18 is connected to the end of the positioning square post 16 near the side of the bucket 1; a rubber pad 19 is connected to the side of the positioning clamping block 18 near the bucket 1; the side of the bucket 1 is located on the moving path of the rubber pad 19; a positioning spring 20 is sleeved on the positioning square post 16; one end of the positioning spring 20 is fixedly connected to the positioning limiting plate 17, and the other end is fixedly connected to the positioning slider 15; a second base 21 is installed on the positioning slider 15; and a positioning cylinder 22 is connected to the second base. 21; A positioning cylinder 22 is connected to a positioning block 23, which slides together; A positioning spring 24 is sleeved on the positioning cylinder 22; One end of the positioning spring 24 is fixedly connected to the second base 21, and the other end is fixedly connected to the positioning block 23; A positioning square plate 25 is installed on the positioning block 23; The positioning square plate 25 is located on the side of the fixed slider 15; A positioning insert 26 is installed on the side of the positioning square plate 25 near the fixed slider 15; A positioning slot 27 is provided through the fixed square cylinder 16 near the positioning square plate 25; Several positioning slots 27 are arranged at equal intervals; When the positioning insert 26 passes through the fixed slider 15, it connects with one of the positioning slots 27; A stationary contact piece 46 is connected to the side of the fixed clamping block 18 away from the side of the bucket 1; A movable contact piece 47 is connected to the side of the fixed slider 15 near the side of the bucket 1; The stationary contact piece 46 and the movable contact piece 47 are electrically connected;

[0061] When using the device, place the U-shaped support rod 2 above the bucket 1, with the opening of the U-shaped support rod 2 facing the top of the bucket 1. It is worth mentioning that the size of the U-shaped support rod 2 is larger than that of the bucket 1. By moving the U-shaped support rod 2 down, the bucket 1 is positioned within the opening of the U-shaped support rod 2. Then, pull the positioning square plate 25 outward, causing the positioning block 23 on it to move to the upper limit of the positioning cylinder 22. This puts the positioning spring 24 in a buffer state, thereby causing the positioning insert 26 on the positioning square plate 25 to disengage from the fixed slider 15 and also to no longer be in contact with the fixed square cylinder 16. One of the positioning slots 27 is connected, thereby releasing the limiting setting of the retaining column 16. By pushing the retaining column 16 towards the side of the bucket 1, it moves at the retaining slider 15, causing the retaining spring 20 to be in a buffer state. This causes the retaining clamp 18 on the retaining column 16 to move closer to the side of the bucket 1 until the retaining clamp 18 contacts the side of the bucket 1. At this point, the positioning plate 25 can be released, allowing the positioning spring 24, which was originally in a buffer state, to reset. This, in turn, drives the positioning insert 26 to reset and move, so that... While passing through the retaining slider 15, it also connects to one of the positioning slots 27, thereby limiting the retaining column 16 and preventing the retaining clamp 18 on it from moving or dislodging due to non-human factors during use. Simultaneously operating the movement of the retaining clamp 18 on the other side allows both retaining clamps 18 located on both sides of the bucket 1 to contact both sides of the bucket 1, thus fixing the U-shaped support rod 2 to the bucket 1. This completes the installation operation of the U-shaped support rod 2, enabling the cleaning and damage monitoring device on it to stably monitor the wear of the bucket teeth on the bucket 1. The testing and inspection process avoids the need for staff to hold the device continuously, reducing their workload and improving the device's effectiveness. It's worth noting that when the retaining block 18 contacts the side of the bucket 1, the rubber pad 19 on the retaining block 18 also contacts the side of the bucket 1. The rubber pad 19 increases the contact friction between the retaining block 18 and the bucket 1, preventing slippage and instability when the U-shaped support bar 2 is fixed to the bucket 1, further improving the installation effect of the U-shaped support bar 2.

[0062] It is worth mentioning that if the U-shaped support bar 2 is fixed on the bucket 1, and the retaining clamp 18 is dislodged due to non-human factors, the retaining spring 20 will reset the retaining clamp 18, causing it to move closer to the retaining slider 15. This will cause the moving contact 47 on the retaining slider 15 to contact the stationary contact 46 on the retaining clamp 18. The contact between the moving contact 47 and the stationary contact 46 will send a signal to the signal module in the central processing unit, which means that the retaining clamp 18 is no longer in contact with the bucket 1. This will cause the U-shaped support bar 2 to be dislodged after installation. The signal sent to the signal module will then be used to send the information to the operator in a timely manner through the signal transmission module, so as to notify the operator in a timely manner and avoid delaying the device's detection and testing of the wear of the bucket teeth on the bucket 1. This will improve the device's performance and reduce its limitations.

[0063] Meanwhile, the number of positioning slots 27 allows the positioning clamps 18 on the positioning column 16 to be restricted to different positions. This means that the fixing clamping unit can adapt and fix the U-shaped support rod 2 to different sizes of buckets 1, enabling the detection and testing of the bucket teeth on buckets 1 of different sizes. This further reduces the limitations of the device and improves its performance. When the positioning column 16 is restricted, the positioning spring 20, which is in a buffer state, cannot return to its original position. The resulting elastic force acts on the positioning slider 15, increasing the friction and strength of the contact between the positioning slot 27 and the positioning plug 26. This prevents the positioning plug 26 from being dislodged or displaced due to non-human factors during use, further improving the installation effect of the U-shaped support rod 2 and the performance of the device.

[0064] The energy-reducing assembly in this embodiment includes a displacement threaded shaft 8, installed on the side of the displacement T-block 7 away from the U-shaped handrail 2; a drive source 9, installed on the displacement T-block 7; the output end of the drive source 9 is connected to the displacement threaded shaft 8; a displacement block 10, connected through to the end of the displacement threaded shaft 8 away from the displacement T-block 7; the displacement threaded shaft 8 and the displacement block 10 are threadedly engaged; a displacement cylinder 11, fixedly connected to the top of the U-shaped handrail 2; the displacement block 10 is connected through to the displacement cylinder 11 on the side near the U-shaped handrail 2; the displacement block 10 and the displacement cylinder 11 are slidably engaged; a displacement long plate 12, disposed within the opening of the U-shaped handrail 2; and a displacement sliding column 13, one end of which is connected to the displacement long plate 12; the other end of the displacement sliding column 13 penetrates through the top of the U-shaped handrail 2, and the two are slidably engaged; the two displacement sliding columns 13 are connected by a displacement thread. The center of axis 8 is symmetrically arranged along the axis of symmetry; L-shaped connecting rod 14 is located at the top of U-shaped support rod 2; one end of L-shaped connecting rod 14 is connected to displacement sliding column 13, and the other end is connected to displacement block 10; energy-reducing horizontal plate 41; several energy-reducing horizontal plates 41 are connected to the side of displacement long plate 12 away from displacement sliding column 13; energy-reducing cylinder 42 is connected through the energy-reducing horizontal plate 41 near the inner bottom surface of bucket 1; energy-reducing cylinder 42 and energy-reducing horizontal plate 41 are in sliding fit; energy-reducing block 43 is installed at the end of energy-reducing cylinder 42 near the inner bottom surface of bucket 1; buffer pad 44 is installed on energy-reducing block 43: the inner bottom surface of bucket 1 is located on the moving path of buffer pad 44; energy-reducing spring 45 is sleeved on energy-reducing cylinder 42; one end of energy-reducing spring 45 is fixedly connected to energy-reducing block 43, and the other end is fixedly connected to energy-reducing horizontal plate 41;

[0065] Start the drive source 9, causing its output end to drive the displacement threaded shaft 8 to rotate. This causes the threaded displacement block 10 to move at the upper limit of the displacement cylinder 11, bringing it closer to the top of the bucket 1. Then, under the action of the L-shaped connecting rod 14, it drives the displacement slide column 13 to move at the upper limit of the U-shaped support rod 2, causing the displacement plate 12 on the displacement slide column 13 to move closer to the top of the bucket 1. This causes the energy-reducing cross plate 41 on the displacement plate 12 to move, and under the action of the energy-reducing cylinder 42 and the energy-reducing spring 45, it drives the energy-reducing block 43 to move closer to the inner bottom surface of the bucket 1 until the energy-reducing block 43 contacts the inner bottom surface of the bucket 1. Simultaneously, it also slows down the movement of the energy-reducing cross plate 41. The impact pad 44 contacts the inner bottom surface of the bucket 1, which can be used to support the U-shaped support rod 2. This prevents the cleaning and damage testing devices on it from being affected by the instability of the U-shaped support rod 2 when testing the bucket teeth, thus improving the effectiveness of the device and enhancing the performance of the self-clamping unit. At the same time, the buffering force provided by the buffer pad 44 and the energy-reducing spring 45 can also reduce the impact force on the cleaning and damage testing devices and the U-shaped support rod 2 during use, improving the stability of the U-shaped support rod 2 and enhancing the performance of the cleaning and damage testing devices on it. This also ensures the accuracy of the test on the bucket teeth, further improving the effectiveness of the device.

[0066] The present invention also provides a method for testing the wear of excavator bucket teeth, comprising the following steps: S1, operating the self-clamping unit to fix the U-shaped support bar 2 to the bucket 1; the cleaning and damage testing device for testing the wear of bucket teeth is integrated on the U-shaped support bar 2, so that it is no longer necessary to manually support the U-shaped support bar 2 for a long time during the test;

[0067] S2. Use a cleaning and damage testing device to test the wear condition of several bucket teeth on bucket 1, and actively clean the adhering substances on the bucket teeth before testing;

[0068] S3. Under the action of the energy-reducing component on the U-shaped support bar 2, the impact on the U-shaped support bar 2 is reduced during the test, so as to ensure the stable use of the cleaning and damage testing device and avoid hindering the device's wear test on the bucket teeth.

[0069] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0070] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for testing the wear of a bucket tooth of an excavator, comprising a bucket, a U-shaped support, a plurality of bucket teeth connected to the bucket, characterized in that: The U-shaped handrail is arranged on the top of the excavator bucket, and the excavator bucket is located in the opening range of the U-shaped handrail; a self-clamping unit is arranged on the U-shaped handrail, and is used for fixing the U-shaped handrail on the excavator bucket; the self-clamping unit comprises a T-shaped plate; two T-shaped plates are respectively arranged on the two ends of the U-shaped handrail; two first bases are connected to the side of the U-shaped handrail; the opposite surfaces of the two first bases are connected with a main slide rail; a dirt cleaning and wear testing device is arranged on the main slide rail, and is used for actively removing the attachments on the surface of the bucket tooth before testing the wear condition of the bucket tooth; the dirt cleaning and wear testing device comprises an active sliding block, which is connected to the main slide rail; the active sliding block is in sliding fit with the main slide rail; a displacement T-shaped block is connected to the top of the U-shaped handrail; a bearing energy reduction assembly is arranged on the displacement T-shaped block, and is used for reducing the impact on the U-shaped handrail during testing; the bearing energy reduction assembly comprises a displacement threaded shaft, which is arranged on the side of the displacement T-shaped block away from the U-shaped handrail.

2. A test device for testing wear of a digging tooth of a bucket of an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A driving source is arranged on the displacement T-shaped block; the output end of the driving source is connected with the displacement threaded shaft; A displacement square block is connected to the end of the displacement threaded shaft away from the displacement T-shaped block; the displacement threaded shaft is in threaded fit with the displacement square block; A displacement cylindrical block is fixedly connected to the top of the U-shaped handrail; the side of the displacement square block close to the U-shaped handrail is connected to the displacement cylindrical block; the displacement square block is in sliding fit with the displacement cylindrical block.

3. A test device for testing wear of a digging tooth of a bucket of an excavator according to claim 2, characterized in that: A displacement long plate is arranged in the opening of the U-shaped handrail; A displacement slide column is connected to one end of the displacement long plate; the other end of the displacement slide column penetrates through the top of the U-shaped handrail, and the two are in sliding fit; the two displacement slide columns are symmetrically arranged with the center of the displacement threaded shaft as the axis of symmetry; An L-shaped connecting rod is arranged on the top of the U-shaped handrail; one end of the L-shaped connecting rod is connected with the displacement slide column, and the other end is connected with the displacement square block.

4. A drag bit wear testing device as defined in claim 1 wherein: A self-fixing sliding block is arranged on the self-fixing T-shaped plate; A self-fixing square column is connected to the side of the self-fixing sliding block close to the excavator bucket; the self-fixing square column is in sliding fit with the self-fixing sliding block; the end of the self-fixing square column away from the excavator bucket is connected with a self-fixing limiting plate; the end of the self-fixing square column close to the excavator bucket is connected with a self-fixing clamping block; A rubber cushion is connected to the side of the self-fixing clamping block close to the excavator bucket; the side of the excavator bucket is located in the moving path of the rubber cushion; A self-fixing spring is sleeved on the self-fixing square column; one end of the self-fixing spring is fixedly connected with the self-fixing limiting plate, and the other end is fixedly connected with the self-fixing sliding block.

5. A test device for testing wear of a digging tooth of a bucket of an excavator according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second base is arranged on the self-fixing sliding block; A positioning cylindrical block is connected to the second base; the positioning cylindrical block is in sliding fit with a positioning circular block; A positioning spring is sleeved on the positioning cylindrical block; one end of the positioning spring is fixedly connected with the second base, and the other end is fixedly connected with the positioning circular block; a positioning square plate is arranged on the positioning circular block; the positioning square plate is located on the side of the self-fixing sliding block; a positioning plug is arranged on the side of the positioning square plate close to the self-fixing sliding block; A positioning slot is arranged on the side of the self-fixing square column close to the positioning square plate; a plurality of positioning slots are equidistantly arranged; when the positioning plug penetrates through the self-fixing sliding block, the positioning plug is connected with one of the positioning slots.

6. A drag bit wear testing device as defined in claim 1 wherein: A secondary slide rail is arranged on the active sliding block; the secondary slide rail is in perpendicular fit with the main slide rail; A secondary active sliding block is connected to the secondary slide rail; the secondary active sliding block is in sliding fit with the secondary slide rail; The telescopic air cylinder is installed on one side of the secondary moving slider away from the side surface of the secondary slide rail; a guide base block is connected to the output end of the telescopic air cylinder; A guide slide column is installed on the guide base block; A third base is fixedly connected to the secondary moving slider; the guide slide column is connected to the third base at the end away from the guide base block; the guide slide column and the third base are in sliding fit.

7. A test device for testing wear of a digging tooth of a bucket of an excavator according to claim 6, characterized in that: A water storage container is installed on the guide base block; an annular rotating groove is arranged on the outer wall of the water storage container, and the centers of the two are coaxial; at least three guide rotating blocks are connected in the annular rotating groove in a matching mode; the guide rotating blocks and the annular rotating groove are in sliding fit; a high-pressure air jet nozzle, a high-pressure liquid jet nozzle and a visual detector are installed on the three guide rotating blocks in a one-to-one correspondence; a communication pipe is connected to the water storage container; one end of the communication pipe is in rotating fit with the water storage container, and the other end is connected with the high-pressure liquid jet nozzle.

8. A drag bit wear testing device as defined in claim 3 wherein: A plurality of energy reduction plates are connected to the displacement long plate on the side away from the displacement slide column; An energy reduction cylinder is connected to the energy reduction plate on the side close to the inner bottom surface of the excavator bucket in a penetrating mode; the energy reduction cylinder and the energy reduction plate are in sliding fit; an energy reduction block is installed on the end of the energy reduction cylinder close to the inner bottom surface of the excavator bucket; a buffer pad is installed on the energy reduction block; the inner bottom surface of the excavator bucket is located on the moving path of the buffer pad; An energy reduction spring is sleeved on the energy reduction cylinder; one end of the energy reduction spring is fixedly connected with the energy reduction block, and the other end is fixedly connected with the energy reduction plate.

9. A drag bit wear testing device as defined in claim 5 wherein: A static contact piece is connected to the retaining clamp block on the side away from the side surface of the excavator bucket; A dynamic contact piece is connected to the retaining slider on the side close to the side surface of the excavator bucket; the static contact piece and the dynamic contact piece are electrically connected.

10. A method of testing wear of a excavator tooth using the excavator tooth wear testing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1, operating the retaining self-clamping unit to fix the U-shaped support rod on the excavator bucket; the dirt cleaning and wear testing device is integrated on the U-shaped support rod, so that manual long-time support of the U-shaped support rod is no longer needed during the testing process; S2, using the dirt cleaning and wear testing device to test the wear condition of the plurality of bucket teeth on the excavator bucket, and actively cleaning the attachments on the bucket teeth before testing; S3, under the action of the energy reduction assembly on the U-shaped support rod, the impact on the U-shaped support rod during testing is reduced to ensure the stable use of the dirt cleaning and wear testing device and avoid hindering the wear testing of the device on the bucket teeth.

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