Junction box, aging test method and test system

Abstract

The invention relates to a junction box, an aging test method and an aging test system, and the junction box comprises an input module, an output module, a connection assembly which is electrically connected with the input module and the output module, and a control module. The input module comprises a power grid interface, a generator interface and at least one inverter interface which are arranged in parallel; the output module comprises a common load interface and an intelligent load interface which are arranged in parallel; the connecting assembly comprises a three-phase four-wire electric wire electrically connected with each interface, the power grid interface is provided with a first circuit breaker and a first contactor, the generator interface is provided with a second circuit breaker and a first relay, the inverter interface is provided with a third circuit breaker, and the intelligent load interface is provided with a second relay; the connecting assembly is electrically connected with the control module. According to the invention, the photovoltaic inverter, the energy storage battery, the commercial power network and the standby generator are seamlessly integrated, the problem of small power of a single energy storage inverter is solved, intelligent load interfaces such as a charging pile are expanded, and a smart home micro-grid system is constructed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of junction box technology, and more particularly to a junction box, an aging test method, and a test system. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of the rapid development of the photovoltaic energy storage inverter industry, smart junction boxes, as core power distribution and connection components and the intelligent control center of modern home energy system design, perfectly realize the intelligent parallel operation function of photovoltaic energy storage inverters, significantly improving the overall power capacity of the system. However, existing smart junction boxes have relatively limited functions and lack a complete functional system, failing to meet the needs of home use. Furthermore, their reliability directly determines the overall operational stability of the system; therefore, aging testing is a critical quality control step. The currently prevalent single-unit independent aging test mode in the industry has several prominent problems and is no longer suitable for the needs of large-scale production. First, junction boxes have multiple functions, containing numerous electrical components such as circuit breakers, contactors, and relays. Aging tests need to cover multiple scenarios and monitor various indicators such as the continuity reliability and signal transmission stability of each circuit. Aging tests on a single junction box consume a significant amount of time, increasing not only time costs but also reducing production efficiency and increasing labor costs.

[0003] Secondly, since smart junction boxes can generally be used with multiple inverters, the testing process requires a series of devices such as inverters, AC power sources, loads, battery power sources, and meters to work together, resulting in a relatively large footprint for the overall aging test system. When multiple smart junction boxes are used for aging tests, they need to be connected one after another, which wastes resources.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a junction box, aging test method, and test system that are multifunctional and can enable multiple units to undergo aging tests simultaneously, thereby improving production efficiency, reducing labor costs, and minimizing the overall system area. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a junction box, an aging test method, and a test system.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is as follows: A junction box includes an input module, an output module, a connection component electrically connecting the input module and the output module, and a control module; The input module includes a grid interface, a generator interface, and at least one inverter interface connected in parallel. The output module includes a normal load interface and a smart load interface connected in parallel; The connection assembly includes a three-phase four-wire wire that electrically connects each interface. The power grid interface is equipped with a first circuit breaker and a first contactor. The generator interface is equipped with a second circuit breaker and a first relay. The inverter interface is equipped with a third circuit breaker. The smart load interface is equipped with a second relay. The connection component is electrically connected to the control module.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, a current transformer is also included, wherein a first end of the current transformer is electrically connected to the midpoint between the second circuit breaker and the first relay, and a second end of the current transformer is electrically connected to the midpoint between the first circuit breaker and the first contactor.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the N-line of the three-phase four-wire wire is connected to the third relay and grounded, and the third relay is electrically connected to the control module.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, it also includes a data acquisition module electrically connected to the control module, wherein both ends of the first circuit breaker, both ends of the first contactor, both ends of the second circuit breaker, both ends of the first relay, both ends of the third circuit breaker, and both ends of the second relay are all electrically connected to the data acquisition module.

[0010] An aging test method, the aging test method comprising: S1: Take at least two junction boxes as described above and arrange them in sequence; S2: Connect the power grid interface of the previous junction box to the generator interface, inverter interface, ordinary load interface, and smart load interface of the next junction box respectively. The generator interface, inverter interface, general load interface, and smart load interface of the first junction box are electrically connected to the input source, respectively. The last junction box has its power grid interface electrically connected to the power grid; S3: Internally connect the generator interface and the power grid interface of each junction box, disconnect the other interfaces and the power grid interface, and determine the connection between the input source and the power grid. If the connection between the input source and the power grid is normal, then the three-phase four-wire wires and control circuits between the generator interface and the power grid interface of all the junction boxes are normal. If the connection between the input source and the power grid is abnormal, then at least one of the three-phase four-wire wires or control circuits between the generator interface and the power grid interface of the junction box has an aging fault. S4: Turn off the generator interface and the power grid interface of the junction box, turn on the smart load interface and the power grid interface of the junction box, and determine the connection between the input source and the power grid. If the connection between the input source and the power grid is normal, then all the three-phase four-wire wires and control circuits between the smart load interface and the power grid interface of the junction box are normal. If the connection between the input source and the power grid is abnormal, then at least one of the three-phase four-wire wires or control circuits between the smart load interface and the power grid interface of the junction box has an aging fault. S5: Turn off the intelligent load interface and the power grid interface of the junction box, turn on the ordinary load interface and the power grid interface of the junction box, and determine the connection between the input source and the power grid. If the connection between the input source and the power grid is normal, then all the three-phase four-wire wires and control circuits between the ordinary load interface and the power grid interface of the junction box are normal. If the connection between the input source and the power grid is abnormal, then at least one of the three-phase four-wire wires or control circuits between the ordinary load interface and the power grid interface of the junction box has an aging fault. S6: Turn off the ordinary load interface and the grid interface of the junction box, turn on the inverter interface and the grid interface of the junction box, and determine the connection between the input source and the grid. If the connection between the input source and the grid is normal, then all the three-phase four-wire wires and control circuits between the inverter interface and the grid interface of the junction box are normal. If the connection between the input source and the grid is abnormal, then at least one of the three-phase four-wire wires or control circuits between the inverter interface and the grid interface of the junction box has an aging fault. S7: Disconnect the inverter interface and the grid interface of the junction box.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the power grid interface of each junction box is electrically connected to the power grid to determine the continuity of all paths between the input source and the power grid.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, each of the power grid interfaces is provided with a second contactor between itself and the power grid. The second contactor between the last junction box and the power grid is normally closed, while the other second contactors are normally open. When it is determined that the connection between the input source and the power grid is abnormal, all the second contactors are turned on.

[0013] A testing system is provided for aging tests of at least two junction boxes as described above, the junction boxes being arranged sequentially. The testing system includes an input source, a first connector, at least one second connector, a power grid, and a control terminal. The first connector electrically connects the input source to the generator interface, inverter interface, common load interface, and smart load interface of the first junction box. The second connector electrically connects the power grid interface of the preceding junction box to the generator interface, inverter interface, common load interface, and smart load interface of the following junction box. The power grid interface of the last junction box is electrically connected to the power grid. The inverter interface is externally connected to a third contactor, and the common load interface is externally connected to a fourth contactor. The junction box, the third contactor, and the fourth contactor are all electrically connected to the control terminal.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, both the first connector and the second connector are copper busbars.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the input source is at least one photovoltaic energy storage inverter.

[0016] According to the above-described solution, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention provides a complete intelligent junction box solution, which not only seamlessly integrates photovoltaic inverters, energy storage batteries, mains power networks and backup generators, solving the problem of low power of a single energy storage inverter and meeting common household loads, but also expands the interfaces of intelligent loads such as charging piles, and builds an efficient, reliable and automated smart home microgrid system. 2. This invention enables multiple junction boxes to undergo aging tests simultaneously, solving the problem of low efficiency in single-unit aging tests. It is not only simple to operate, but also significantly improves testing efficiency, reduces labor costs, and reduces the overall system area, making mass production more feasible. 3. This invention allows for simultaneous control of multiple junction boxes and contactors via a control terminal, making operation simple. It not only meets the aging test requirements of multiple junction boxes but also provides greater safety and convenience for subsequent upgrades or maintenance. 4. This invention is universal and can be applied to various types of junction boxes. In addition, other devices can also use this logic for circuit testing. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the junction box of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a wiring diagram of the junction box of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the aging test method of the present invention; Figure 4This is a topology diagram of the aging test of four junction boxes in this invention; Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram for the aging test of the four junction boxes of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram for the aging test of a single junction box according to the present invention; Figure 7 This is a current flow diagram for the generator interface aging test of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a current flow diagram of the intelligent load interface aging test of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a current flow diagram for the aging test of a common load interface in this invention; Figure 10 This is a current flow diagram for the inverter interface aging test of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0021] See Figure 1 and Figure 2The present invention provides a junction box, including an input module, an output module, a connection component that electrically connects the input module and the output module, and a control module; The input module includes a grid interface GRID PORT, a generator interface GEN PORT, and at least one inverter interface INV PORT, all connected in parallel. The grid interface GRID PORT is electrically connected to the grid, the generator interface GEN PORT is electrically connected to a standby generator, and the inverter interface INV PORT is electrically connected to a photovoltaic inverter or energy storage battery. In other words, through the junction box, the load can be powered by multiple methods, such as drawing power from the grid, generating power from the generator, or being powered by the photovoltaic inverter or energy storage battery, with mutual redundancy. Optionally, when the inverter interface INV PORT is electrically connected to the energy storage battery and the energy storage battery is in a discharging state, the energy storage battery, the grid, and the backup generator supply power simultaneously; while when the energy storage battery is in a charging state, the grid or the backup generator charges the energy storage battery. The output module includes a parallel-connected ordinary load interface (Load PORT) and an intelligent load interface (EV PORT). The intelligent load interface (EV PORT) can intelligently allocate power to prioritize critical loads, such as electric vehicle charging and home heat pumps. Both the intelligent load interface (EV PORT) and the ordinary load interface (Load PORT) are grounded through a PE line, ensuring that the chassis of both intelligent and ordinary loads are connected to the earth, ensuring the safety of electrical equipment and personnel, and complying with relevant standards and specifications. In addition, it can also provide a stable voltage reference. The connection components include three-phase four-wire wires that electrically connect each interface. The grid interface GRID PORT is equipped with a first circuit breaker QF1 and a first contactor KM1. The generator interface GEN PORT is equipped with a second circuit breaker QF2 and a first relay RLY1. The inverter interface INV PORT is equipped with a third circuit breaker QF3. The smart load interface EV PORT is equipped with a second relay RLY2. The junction box has multiple safety mechanisms such as overload protection, short circuit protection, and leakage protection to ensure electrical safety. The connection component is electrically connected to the control module. The control module controls the connection component to switch on and off according to the working status of the junction box, avoiding frequent manual switching, realizing intelligent energy management, and providing a systematic power supply solution. This invention provides a complete intelligent junction box solution that seamlessly integrates photovoltaic inverters, energy storage batteries, the mains power network, and backup generators, solving the problem of low power output of individual energy storage inverters and meeting common household loads. It also expands the interfaces for intelligent loads such as charging piles, building an efficient, reliable, and automated smart home microgrid system. The junction box provided by this invention not only expands the application scenarios of energy storage inverters but also allows users to more conveniently and quickly apply photovoltaic power generation to every electrical device in the home, making the entire home a microgrid system.

[0022] As an embodiment of the present invention, the junction box also includes a current transformer (CT). The first end of the current transformer (CT) is electrically connected to the midpoint between the second circuit breaker (QF2) and the first relay (RLY1), and the second end of the current transformer (CT) is electrically connected to the midpoint between the first circuit breaker (QF1) and the first contactor (KM1). When the generator is connected to the power grid in parallel, the current transformer (CT) collects real-time current signals from the generator side and the power grid side, and calculates key parameters such as phase difference and frequency difference between the two sides by combining the voltage signals and feeding them back to the synchronization controller. This ensures that the voltage, frequency, phase sequence, and phase of both sides are consistent, preventing the generation of huge inrush currents that could damage the equipment and ensuring smooth grid connection. In addition, the current transformer (CT) can continuously monitor the current output by the generator and the current output by the power grid. When a short circuit occurs in the parallel circuit or the current suddenly increases due to equipment abnormality, the current transformer (CT) will quickly capture the abnormal current signal and transmit it to the protection device, triggering the protection device to operate, thereby improving the overall safety and stability of use.

[0023] As one embodiment of the present invention, the N line of the three-phase four-wire power line is connected to the third relay RLY3 and grounded. The third relay RLY3 is electrically connected to the control module. When the N line is accidentally disconnected, its potential to ground will rise abnormally. At this time, the control module controls the third relay RLY3 to close, on the one hand temporarily grounding the N line to clamp the neutral point potential and avoid voltage abnormality, and on the other hand triggering the alarm device to remind the staff, further improving the overall safety and stability of use.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, the junction box further includes a data acquisition module electrically connected to the control module. The two ends of the first circuit breaker QF1, the two ends of the first contactor KM1, the two ends of the second circuit breaker QF2, the two ends of the first relay RLY1, the two ends of the third circuit breaker QF3, and the two ends of the second relay RLY2 are all electrically connected to the data acquisition module. The data acquisition module can collect the current and voltage at the two ends of the circuit breakers, contactors, and relays in real time and transmit the collected data to the control module. The control module then monitors the current and voltage values ​​of the circuit breakers, contactors, and relays in real time. When any value becomes abnormal, such as an abnormal increase in current or a sudden drop in voltage to zero, the control module determines that there is an abnormality in the internal circuit of the junction box and immediately disconnects the circuit at the abnormal point. Circuit breakers, contactors, or relays are used to prevent the continuation or escalation of abnormalities. Optionally, the control module can also transmit abnormal signals to the outside world through external devices such as buzzers and abnormal indicator lights to notify staff to repair and handle the problem as soon as possible, further improving the overall safety and stability of use. Optionally, when any two circuit breakers, contactors, or relays are adjacent, only one signal acquisition point needs to be set between them, that is, they share a single signal acquisition point. For example, only one signal acquisition point needs to be set between the first circuit breaker QF1 and the first contactor KM1 to simultaneously collect data from the end of the first circuit breaker QF1 closest to the first contactor KM1 and the end of the first contactor KM1 closest to the first circuit breaker QF1, which can reduce the number of signal acquisition points to a certain extent.

[0025] See Figure 3 This invention provides an aging test method, the aging test method comprising: S1: Take at least two junction boxes and arrange them in order; S2: Connect the GRID PORT of the previous junction box to the GENPORT, INV PORT, Load PORT, and EV PORT of the next junction box respectively. The generator interface (GEN PORT), inverter interface (INV PORT), general load interface (LoadPORT), and smart load interface (EV PORT) of the first junction box are electrically connected to the input source, respectively. The last junction box's grid port is electrically connected to the power grid. At this point, the multiple junction boxes are connected in series between the input source and the power grid; S3: Internally connect the generator interface (GEN PORT) and grid interface (GRID PORT) of each junction box, and disconnect other interfaces from the grid interface (GRID PORT). At this time, the input source and the grid are connected through the internal circuit between the generator interface (GEN PORT) and grid interface (GRID PORT) of each junction box, and the continuity between the input source and the grid is judged. If the connection between the input source and the grid is normal, the three-phase four-wire wires and control circuits between the generator interface (GEN PORT) and grid interface (GRID PORT) of all junction boxes are normal. If the connection between the input source and the grid is abnormal, the three-phase four-wire wires or control circuits between the generator interface (GEN PORT) and grid interface (GRID PORT) of at least one junction box have aging faults. A single test can achieve the aging test of the three-phase four-wire wires and control circuits between the generator interface (GEN PORT) and grid interface (GRID PORT) of all junction boxes. S4: Disconnect the generator interface (GEN PORT) and grid interface (GRID PORT) of the junction box, and connect the intelligent load interface (EV PORT) and grid interface (GRID PORT) of the junction box. At this time, the input source and the grid are connected through the internal circuit between the intelligent load interface (EV PORT) and grid interface (GRID PORT) of each junction box. Determine the continuity between the input source and the grid. If the connection between the input source and the grid is normal, the three-phase four-wire wires and control circuits between the intelligent load interface (EV PORT) and grid interface (GRID PORT) of all junction boxes are normal. If the connection between the input source and the grid is abnormal, at least one three-phase four-wire wire or control circuit between the intelligent load interface (EV PORT) and grid interface (GRID PORT) of a junction box has an aging fault. The aging test of the three-phase four-wire wires and control circuits between the intelligent load interface (EV PORT) and grid interface (GRID PORT) of all junction boxes can be achieved through one test. S5: Turn off the intelligent load interface EV PORT and the grid interface GRID PORT of the junction box, and turn on the ordinary load interface Load PORT and the grid interface GRID PORT of the junction box. At this time, the input source and the grid are connected through the internal circuit between the ordinary load interface Load PORT and the grid interface GRID PORT of each junction box, and the continuity between the input source and the grid is judged. If the connection between the input source and the grid is normal, the three-phase four-wire wires and control circuits between the ordinary load interface Load PORT and the grid interface GRID PORT of all junction boxes are normal. If the connection between the input source and the grid is abnormal, at least one of the three-phase four-wire wires or control circuits between the ordinary load interface Load PORT and the grid interface GRID PORT of the junction box has an aging fault. The aging test of the three-phase four-wire wires and control circuits between the ordinary load interface Load PORT and the grid interface GRID PORT of all junction boxes can be achieved by one test. S6: Turn off the load port and grid port of the junction box, and turn on the inverter port and grid port of the junction box. At this time, the input source and the grid are connected through the internal circuit between the inverter port and grid port of each junction box. The continuity between the input source and the grid is judged. If the connection between the input source and the grid is normal, the three-phase four-wire wires and control circuits between the inverter port and grid port of all junction boxes are normal. If the connection between the input source and the grid is abnormal, the three-phase four-wire wires or control circuits between the inverter port and grid port of at least one junction box have aging faults. The aging test of the three-phase four-wire wires and control circuits between the inverter port and grid port of all junction boxes can be achieved by one test. S7: Turn off the inverter interface INV PORT and the grid interface GRID PORT of the junction box. At this time, the aging test of the junction box is completed.

[0026] This invention requires only one aging test for each working condition to complete the aging test of all junction boxes. It is not only simple to operate, but also improves work efficiency, reduces labor costs, and solves the problem of low efficiency in individual aging tests. In addition, only one testing system is needed for the whole system, which greatly reduces the overall system area and makes mass production more feasible.

[0027] Of course, the order of steps S3 to S7 can be arbitrarily rearranged. That is, the interfaces testing the continuity with the grid interface GRIDPORT can be performed in any order, without any order restrictions between them. For example, the smart load interface EV PORT can be tested first, followed by the generator interface GEN PORT, then the ordinary load interface Load PORT, and finally the inverter interface INV PORT. Or, the inverter interface INV PORT can be tested first, followed by the ordinary load interface Load PORT, then the generator interface GEN PORT, and finally the smart load interface EV PORT, and so on.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, the grid port of each junction box is electrically connected to the power grid to determine the continuity of all paths between the input source and the power grid. Taking four junction boxes connected in series as an example, the four junction boxes are junction box A, junction box B, junction box C, and junction box D in sequence. Junction box A is electrically connected to the input source, and junction box D is the farthest from the input source. At this time, there are four paths between the input source and the power grid, namely: First path: Input source, junction box A, power grid; Second path: Input source, junction box A, junction box B, power grid; Third path: Input source, junction box A, junction box B, junction box C, power grid; Fourth path: Input source, junction box A, junction box B, junction box C, junction box D, power grid; When the control module detects an aging anomaly in the circuit, it can determine which junction box the anomaly is occurring in by combining the continuity status of each path. Specifically, if the first, second, and third paths are all normal, but the fourth path is abnormal, then junction box D has an aging anomaly. If the first and second paths are normal, but the third path is abnormal, then junction box C has an aging anomaly. Of course, junction box D may also have an aging anomaly simultaneously. If the first path is normal and the second path is abnormal, then junction box B has an aging anomaly, and junction boxes C and D may also have aging anomalies simultaneously. If the first path is abnormal, then junction box A has an aging anomaly, and junction boxes B, C, and D may also have aging anomalies simultaneously. Considering actual usage, the probability of multiple junction boxes having aging anomalies simultaneously is very low. Therefore, by combining the continuity status of the four paths, the specific junction box with the aging anomaly can be determined. This method allows for redundant judgment with the acquisition module, avoiding errors in junction box anomaly judgment due to acquisition module malfunction, and effectively improving the accuracy of junction box anomaly judgment.

[0029] In one embodiment of the present invention, each grid port is equipped with a second contactor KM2 between itself and the power grid. The second contactor KM2 between the last junction box and the power grid is normally closed, while the other second contactors KM2 are normally open. That is, when there is no aging abnormality in the junction box, the connection between the input source and the power grid is normal. At this time, only the second contactor KM2 between the last junction box and the power grid is closed, while the other second contactors KM2 are open. Taking four junction boxes as an example, only the fourth path is conducting, while the first, second, and third paths are all open. When it is determined that the connection between the input source and the power grid is abnormal, all the second contactors KM2 are turned on. At this time, the first, second, third, and fourth paths are all conducting, and the specific junction box with aging abnormality is identified based on the on / off status of the four paths.

[0030] This invention provides a testing system for aging tests of at least two junction boxes arranged in sequence. The testing system includes an input source, a first connector, at least one second connector, a power grid, and a control terminal. Optionally, the input source is at least one photovoltaic energy storage inverter. The first connector electrically connects the input source to the generator interface (GENPORT), inverter interface (INVPORT), common load interface (LoadPORT), and smart load interface (EVPORT) of the first junction box. Optionally, the first connector is a copper busbar. It can be a single copper busbar, where one end is electrically connected to the input source and the other end is simultaneously electrically connected to the generator interface (GENPORT), inverter interface (INVPORT), common load interface (LoadPORT), and smart load interface (EVPORT) of the first junction box. Alternatively, it can be a split copper busbar, where four copper busbars are respectively connected to the generator interface (GENPORT), inverter interface (INVPORT), common load interface (LoadPORT), and smart load interface (EVPORT) of the first junction box. The PORTs are electrically connected one-to-one. Similarly, the first connector can also use other conductive components, such as aluminum busbars or other metal conductive busbars. The second connector electrically connects the grid interface GRID PORT of the previous junction box to the generator interface GEN PORT, inverter interface INV PORT, general load interface Load PORT, and smart load interface EV PORT of the next junction box. Optionally, the second connector is a copper busbar. It can be a single copper busbar, where one end is electrically connected to the grid interface GRID PORT of the previous junction box, and the other end is simultaneously electrically connected to the generator interface GEN PORT, inverter interface INV PORT, general load interface Load PORT, and smart load interface EV PORT of the next junction box. Alternatively, it can be a split copper busbar, where four copper busbars are electrically connected one-to-one to the generator interface GEN PORT, inverter interface INV PORT, general load interface Load PORT, and smart load interface EV PORT of the next junction box. The grid interface GRID PORT of the last junction box is electrically connected to the grid, and the inverter interface INV PORT... The PORT is connected to a third contactor KM3, and the Load PORT is connected to a fourth contactor KM4. The junction box, the third contactor KM3, and the fourth contactor KM4 are all electrically connected to the control terminal. The control terminal controls the status of the junction box, the third contactor KM3, and the fourth contactor KM4. This invention allows for simultaneous control of multiple junction boxes and contactors through the control terminal, which is simple to operate. It can not only meet the aging test requirements of multiple junction boxes, but also provides greater safety and convenience in subsequent upgrades or maintenance. This invention is universal and can be applied to various types of junction boxes. In addition, other devices can also use this logic for circuit testing.

[0031] See Figure 4-6 This invention provides an aging test topology diagram and circuit diagram using four junction boxes as an example. The following are aging tests under four operating conditions: Operating Condition 1: See Figure 7 Circuit testing between the generator interface GEN PORT and the grid interface GRID PORT; control terminal controls the closing of the second circuit breaker QF2, the first relay RLY1, the first contactor KM1, the first circuit breaker QF1, and the second contactor KM2 in all junction boxes; multiple inverters start up and connect to the grid, each outputting the corresponding power. Operating Condition 2: See Figure 8 Circuit testing between the intelligent load interface EV PORT and the grid interface GRID PORT; the control terminal controls the closing of the second relay RLY2, the first contactor KM1, the first circuit breaker QF1, and the second contactor KM2 in all junction boxes, so that multiple inverters start up and connect to the grid, and each outputs the corresponding power. Operating Condition 3: See Figure 9 Circuit testing between the ordinary load interface Load PORT and the grid interface GRID PORT: The control terminal controls the fourth contactor KM4, and the first contactor KM1, the first circuit breaker QF1, and the second contactor KM2 of all junction boxes are closed, and multiple inverters are started and connected to the grid, with each inverter outputting the corresponding power. Operating Condition 4: See Figure 10 Circuit testing between the inverter interface INV PORT and the grid interface GRID PORT: The control terminal controls the third contactor KM3, and the third circuit breaker QF3, the first contactor KM1, the first circuit breaker QF1, and the second contactor KM2 of all junction boxes are closed, and multiple inverters are started and connected to the grid, with each inverter outputting the corresponding power.

[0032] Optionally, during the aging test, the power grid charges the energy storage battery. The energy storage battery is electrically connected to the copper busbar and the first junction box through the inverter. The grid interface GRID PORT of the last junction box is electrically connected to the power grid, forming a closed loop. That is, the power grid only plays an auxiliary role in charging, avoiding a large amount of energy waste and saving operating costs.

[0033] In summary, this invention provides a junction box, aging test method, and test system, offering a complete intelligent junction box solution. It seamlessly integrates a photovoltaic inverter, energy storage battery, mains power network, and backup generator, solving the problem of low power output of a single energy storage inverter and meeting common household loads. Furthermore, it expands the interfaces for intelligent loads such as charging piles, constructing an efficient, reliable, and automated smart home microgrid system. The junction box provided by this invention not only expands the application scenarios of energy storage inverters but also allows users to more conveniently and quickly apply photovoltaic power generation to every electrical appliance in their home, forming a microgrid system for the entire household. For each type of application… The system requires only one aging test to complete the aging test of all junction boxes. This not only simplifies operation but also improves work efficiency, reduces labor costs, and solves the problem of low efficiency in individual aging tests. Furthermore, the system requires only one testing system, significantly reducing the overall system area and making mass production more feasible. Simultaneous control of multiple junction boxes and contactors via the control terminal is simple to operate, not only meeting the aging test requirements of multiple junction boxes but also providing greater safety and convenience for subsequent upgrades and maintenance. It is universally applicable to various junction box models, and other devices can also utilize this logic for circuit testing.

[0034] It should be emphasized that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A terminal block, characterized by The input module, the output module, the connection assembly electrically connecting the input module and the output module, and the control module are included. The input module includes a power grid interface, a generator interface, and at least one inverter interface arranged in parallel. The output module includes a general load interface and a smart load interface arranged in parallel. The connection assembly includes a three-phase four-wire line electrically connecting each interface, the power grid interface is provided with a first circuit breaker and a first contactor, the generator interface is provided with a second circuit breaker and a first relay, the inverter interface is provided with a third circuit breaker, and the smart load interface is provided with a second relay. The connection assembly is electrically connected with the control module.

2. The junction box of claim 1, wherein, A current transformer is further included, a first end of the current transformer is electrically connected with a midpoint of the second circuit breaker and the first relay, and a second end of the current transformer is electrically connected with a midpoint of the first circuit breaker and the first contactor.

3. The junction box of claim 1, wherein, An N line of the three-phase four-wire line is connected with a third relay and grounded, and the third relay is electrically connected with the control module.

4. The junction box of claim 1, wherein, A collection module electrically connected with the control module is further included, two ends of the first circuit breaker, two ends of the first contactor, two ends of the second circuit breaker, two ends of the first relay, two ends of the third circuit breaker, and two ends of the second relay are electrically connected with the collection module.

5. An aging test method characterized by, The aging test method includes: S1: Take at least two junction boxes according to any one of claims 1-4 and arrange them in order; S2: Electrically connect the power grid interface of the previous junction box with the generator interface, the inverter interface, the general load interface, and the smart load interface of the next junction box, respectively; The generator interface, the inverter interface, the general load interface, and the smart load interface of the first junction box are electrically connected with input sources, respectively; The power grid interface of the last junction box is electrically connected with a power grid; S3: Turn on the generator interface and the power grid interface of each junction box, turn off other interfaces and the power grid interface, and determine the connection between the input source and the power grid. If the connection between the input source and the power grid is normal, the three-phase four-wire line and the control circuit between the generator interface and the power grid interface of all the junction boxes are normal. If the connection between the input source and the power grid is abnormal, there is an aging failure in the three-phase four-wire line or the control circuit between the generator interface and the power grid interface of at least one junction box; S4: Turn off the generator interface and the power grid interface of the junction box, turn on the smart load interface and the power grid interface of the junction box, and determine the connection between the input source and the power grid. If the connection between the input source and the power grid is normal, the three-phase four-wire line and the control circuit between the smart load interface and the power grid interface of all the junction boxes are normal. If the connection between the input source and the power grid is abnormal, there is an aging failure in the three-phase four-wire line or the control circuit between the smart load interface and the power grid interface of at least one junction box; S5: turn off the smart load interface and the grid interface of the junction box, turn on the general load interface and the grid interface of the junction box, and determine the connection between the input source and the grid. If the connection between the input source and the grid is normal, the three-phase four-wire line and the control circuit between the general load interface and the grid interface of all the junction boxes are normal. If the connection between the input source and the grid is abnormal, at least one of the three-phase four-wire line or the control circuit between the general load interface and the grid interface of the junction box has an aging failure; S6: turn off the general load interface and the grid interface of the junction box, turn on the inverter interface and the grid interface of the junction box, and determine the connection between the input source and the grid. If the connection between the input source and the grid is normal, the three-phase four-wire line and the control circuit between the inverter interface and the grid interface of all the junction boxes are normal. If the connection between the input source and the grid is abnormal, at least one of the three-phase four-wire line or the control circuit between the inverter interface and the grid interface of the junction box has an aging failure; S7: turn off the inverter interface and the grid interface of the junction box.

6. The aging test method of claim 5, wherein, Each grid interface of the junction box is electrically connected to the grid, and the connection between the input source and the grid is determined.

7. The aging test method of claim 6, wherein, Each grid interface and the grid are provided with a second contactor, the last junction box and the grid are closed, and the other second contactors are always open. When it is determined that the connection between the input source and the grid is abnormal, all the second contactors are turned on.

8. A test system for burn-in testing of at least two terminal blocks according to any one of claims 1 to 4, said terminal blocks being arranged in a sequence, characterized in that The test system includes an input source, a first connecting piece, at least one second connecting piece, a grid, a control end, the first connecting piece electrically connects the input source and the generator interface, the inverter interface, the general load interface, and the smart load interface of the first junction box, the second connecting piece electrically connects the grid interface of the previous junction box and the generator interface, the inverter interface, the general load interface, and the smart load interface of the next junction box, the grid interface of the last junction box is electrically connected to the grid, the inverter interface is externally connected to a third contactor, the general load interface is externally connected to a fourth contactor, and the junction box, the third contactor, and the fourth contactor are electrically connected to the control end.

9. The test system of claim 8, wherein, The first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are copper bars.

10. The test system of claim 8, wherein, The input source is at least one photovoltaic energy storage inverter.

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