Low-pressure-difference high-frequency high-energy impactor driven by large-drift-diameter turbine

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-pressure-difference high-frequency high-energy impactor driven by a large-drift-diameter turbine, which relates to the field of petroleum and natural industry and mechanical engineering and comprises an upper joint, a main shell, an adjusting gasket, a compression ring cylinder, a through compression ring, a compression rod, a turbine, a lower compression guide sleeve, a lower outer compression sleeve, a bearing, a hard alloy ring, a radial through valve, a rotating shaft and a rotatable two-way through valve. The device comprises an opening shell, a pressing piston, an impact hammer, a lower shell, an impact drill bit, an anti-falling ring and a lower connector. According to the low-pressure-difference high-frequency high-energy impactor driven by the large-drift-diameter turbine, the impact tail end water cushion effect can be avoided, the impact hammer tail speed is remarkably increased so as to increase the single impact energy, meanwhile, the impact frequency is improved, and finally the high-frequency and large-impact-energy efficient rock breaking effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of petroleum and natural gas industry and mechanical engineering, and in particular to a large-diameter turbine-driven, low-pressure-difference, high-frequency, high-energy impactor. Background Technology

[0002] Deep well (oil and gas, geothermal) drilling faces challenges such as increased well depth, increased rock hardness, reduced wellbore size, and decreased surface mechanical energy transmission efficiency, leading to reduced mechanical drilling speed and high drilling costs. Although drilling technology has relied primarily on mechanical rock breaking (fluid-assisted) over the past century, and has improved energy transmission efficiency by increasing drill string strength, optimizing processes, and developing downhole power drills (such as hydraulic and percussion drills), existing percussion devices (including axial, torsional, and combined percussion) still have two major bottlenecks: limited service life and insufficient percussion energy (manifested as low single percussion energy and low percussion frequency).

[0003] To overcome the energy bottleneck of existing impact devices, there is an urgent need to develop a large-diameter turbine-driven, low-pressure-difference, high-frequency, high-energy impactor. Its core lies in using a turbine-driven mechanism to avoid the water cushion effect at the impact end, significantly increasing the hammer's final velocity to increase the single impact energy, while simultaneously increasing the impact frequency, ultimately achieving a high-frequency, high-impact, and highly efficient rock-breaking effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a large-diameter turbine-driven, low-pressure-difference, high-frequency, high-energy impactor. By using a turbine-driven mechanism, the water cushion effect at the impact end is avoided, significantly increasing the final velocity of the impact hammer to increase the single impact power. At the same time, the impact frequency is increased, ultimately achieving a high-frequency, high-impact, and highly efficient rock-breaking effect.

[0005] This invention designs a large-diameter turbine-driven low-pressure-difference, high-frequency, high-energy impactor, which consists of an upper connector (1), a main housing (2), an adjusting shim (3), a pressure ring cylinder (4), a through-type pressure ring (5), a pressure rod (6), a turbine (7), a lower pressure guide sleeve (8), a lower outer pressure sleeve (9), a bearing (10), a hard alloy ring (11), a radial through-type valve (12), a rotating shaft (13), a rotatable two-way through-type valve (14), an open housing (15), a pressure piston (16), an impact hammer (17), a lower housing (18), an impact drill bit (19), an anti-drop ring (20), and a lower connector (21).

[0006] A large-diameter turbine-driven low-pressure-difference high-frequency high-energy impactor is characterized by the following: the upper connector (1), the main housing (2), and the open housing (15) are connected by threads in sequence. The upper connector presses the adjusting shim (3), the through-pressing ring (5), the outer ring of the turbine (7), the lower outer pressing sleeve (9), the outer ring of the bearing (10), the hard alloy ring (11), and the radial through valve (12) and is limited by the axis. The purpose is to restrict the movement of the outer ring of the turbine (7). The open outer shell (15) is provided with a drain hole (1505) and an external pressure relief groove (1504). The drain hole (1505) is mainly used for the entry and exit of external mud during the hammer movement, and the external pressure relief groove (1504) is mainly used to relieve the pressure of the impact pressure chamber (23). The clamping rod (6) presses the inner ring of the turbine (7), the lower clamping guide sleeve (8), and the inner ring of the bearing (10) together with the shaft (13) through the thread and is limited by the axis. The inner ring of the turbine (7) drives the shaft (13) to rotate. The radial through valve (12) and the rotating shaft (13) can rotate relative to each other, and a sealing ring is installed between them; The radial through valve (12) is circumferentially positioned by the positioning groove (1203) and the six-tooth positioning pin (1501) of the open shell (15), ensuring that the circumferential relative position of the through groove (1202) of the radial through valve (12) and the external pressure relief groove (1504) of the open shell (15) remains unchanged. The clamping piston (16) and the rotating shaft (13) are connected by threads and circumferentially clamp the rotatable two-way through valve (14). The double tooth positioning pin (1402) of the rotatable two-way through valve (14) and the symmetrical positioning groove (1305) of the rotating shaft (13) are circumferentially positioned to ensure that the circumferential relative position of the through groove (1202) of the radial through valve (12) and the pressure relief groove (1403) of the rotatable two-way through valve (14) remains unchanged. The impact hammer (17) is provided with a flat limiter (1703), and there is a seal between the impact hammer (17), the open shell (15), and the lower shell (18); the lower shell (18) is connected to the open shell (15) and the lower connector (21) by threads; the anti-drop ring (20) restricts the impact drill bit (19) from falling, and a sealing ring is provided between the two. The mud drives the turbine (7) to rotate through the flow channel hole of the upper connector (1) and the through-pressure ring (5), and enters the middle hole (1307) of the shaft (13) from the flow hole (1306). At this time, part of the mud flows out through the middle hole of the pressure piston (16), the impact hammer (17), and the impact drill bit (19), and part of the mud is used to drive the impact hammer. The principle is: When the machine starts working, the through groove B (1303) of the rotating shaft (13) is not connected to the through groove (1202) of the radial through valve (12). Due to the throttling of the drill bit water hole, the entire tool is under high pressure. The lifting pressure chamber (24) is under high pressure. At this time, the pressure relief groove (1403) of the rotatable two-way through valve (14) is connected to the external pressure relief groove (1504) of the open shell (15). The low pressure outside the tool acts on the impact hammer through the drain hole (1505) of the open shell (15). Due to the difference in the area of ​​the high and low pressure, the total force of the impact hammer (17) is upward, causing it to move upward. As the shaft (13) rotates, the through groove B (1303) of the shaft (13) is connected to the through groove (1202) of the radial through valve (12), and the pressure relief groove (1403) of the rotatable two-way through valve (14) is not connected to the external pressure relief groove (1504) of the open shell (15). The mud passes through the through groove B (1303), the open groove (1304) of the shaft (13) and the through groove (1202) of the radial through valve (12), and then passes through the through groove flow channel (1401) of the rotatable two-way through valve (14) to reach the impact pressure chamber (23). At this time, the total force of the impact hammer (17) is downward, and the impact hammer (17) decelerates upward until it stops. After reaching the upper dead point of the impact hammer (17), the impact hammer (17) accelerates in the opposite direction to achieve impact motion. When the impact just ends, the opening slot (1304) of the rotating shaft (13) and the through slot (1202) of the radial through valve (12) are just not connected, and the pressure relief slot (1403) of the rotatable two-way through valve (14) and the external pressure relief slot (1504) of the opening shell (15) are just connected. At this time, the high-pressure mud cannot enter the impact pressure chamber (23), and the total force of the impact hammer (17) causes upward movement, which is one stroke, and so on in a cycle.

[0007] A high-frequency, high-energy impactor driven by a large-diameter turbine, characterized in that: the pressure chamber (24) has a pressure difference of 3-6 MPa between the high pressure and the external low pressure.

[0008] A large-diameter turbine-driven, low-pressure-difference, high-frequency, high-energy impactor, characterized in that "the impactor has a displacement of 20-50 L / s, an adjustable impact frequency of 1-50 Hz, an impact force of 1-1000 tons, and an impact energy of 50-500 J." A large-diameter turbine-driven low-pressure-difference high-frequency high-energy impactor, characterized in that: the water hole diameter of the impact drill bit (19) is 6-30mm.

[0009] A high-frequency, high-energy impactor driven by a large-diameter turbine, characterized in that the turbine (7) rotates at a speed of 500-3000 revolutions per minute.

[0010] A large-diameter turbine-driven low-pressure-difference high-frequency high-energy impactor, characterized in that: the stroke of the impact hammer (17) is 20-60mm.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) The main structure of this invention is simple and can be applied to mud drilling; (2) This invention has low pressure and low pressure consumption compared with other structures, which is beneficial to oil and gas drilling; (3) This invention has a high degree of compatibility with existing construction technology and low cost of use. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a large-diameter turbine-driven low-pressure-difference high-frequency high-energy impactor according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hammer at the top of a large-diameter turbine-driven, low-pressure-difference, high-frequency, high-energy impactor according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lower compression guide sleeve of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the radial through-flow valve of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rotating shaft of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the rotating shaft of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotatable bidirectional through valve of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the opening shell of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the impact hammer of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Upper connector, 2. Main housing, 3. Adjusting shim, 4. Pressure ring cylinder, 5. Through-type pressure ring, 6. Pressure rod, 7. Turbine, 8. Lower pressure guide sleeve, 9. Lower outer pressure sleeve, 10. Bearing, 11. Carbide ring, 12. Radial through-type valve, 13. Rotary shaft, 14. Rotatable two-way through-type valve, 15. Open housing, 16. Pressure piston, 17. Impact hammer, 18. Lower housing, 19. Impact drill bit, 20. Anti-drop ring, 21. Lower connector, 22. Inlet chamber, 23. Impact pressure chamber, 24. Lifting pressure chamber, 801. Mounting positioning ridge, 802. Drain hole, 1201. Sealing 1202. Sealing groove A, 1203. Through groove, 1301. Positioning groove, 1302. Sealing groove B, 1303. Through groove B, 1304. Opening groove, 1305. Symmetrical positioning groove, 1306. Drainage hole, 1307. Center hole, 1401. Through groove flow channel, 1402. Double tooth positioning pin, 1403. Pressure relief groove, 1404. Sealing groove C, 1501. Six tooth positioning pin, 1502. Flow channel, 1503. Sealing groove D, 1504. External pressure relief groove, 1505. Drain hole, 1701. Sealing groove E, 1702. Sealing groove F, 1703. Flat limit. Detailed Implementation

[0013] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0014] The specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Under the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can conceive of any possible variations based on the invention, all of which should be considered within the scope of the invention. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "mounted," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they can refer to mechanical or electrical connections, or internal communication between two elements, and can be direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible embodiments.

[0015] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0016] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0017] See Figures 1 to 9 This invention designs a large-diameter turbine-driven low-pressure-difference, high-frequency, high-energy impactor, which consists of an upper connector 1, a main housing 2, an adjusting shim 3, a pressure ring cylinder 4, a through-type pressure ring 5, a pressure rod 6, a turbine 7, a lower pressure guide sleeve 8, a lower outer pressure sleeve 9, a bearing 10, a hard alloy ring 11, a radial through-type valve 12, a rotating shaft 13, a rotatable bidirectional through-type valve 14, an open housing 15, a pressure piston 16, an impact hammer 17, a lower housing 18, an impact drill bit 19, an anti-drop ring 20, and a lower connector 21.

[0018] A large-diameter turbine-driven low-pressure-difference high-frequency high-energy impactor is characterized in that: the upper connector 1, the main housing 2, and the open housing 15 are connected in sequence by threads; the upper connector presses and adjusts the shim 3, the through-pressing ring 5, the outer ring of the turbine 7, the lower outer pressing sleeve 9, the outer ring of the bearing 10, the hard alloy ring 11, and the radial through-valve 12 and is limited by the axis, the purpose of which is to restrict the movement of the outer ring of the turbine 7; The open outer shell 15 is provided with a drain hole 1505 and an external pressure relief groove 1504. The drain hole 1505 is mainly used for the entry and exit of external mud during the hammer movement, and the external pressure relief groove 1504 is mainly used to relieve the pressure of the impact pressure chamber 23. The clamping rod 6 presses the inner ring of the turbine 7, the lower clamping guide sleeve 8, and the inner ring of the bearing 10 together with the rotating shaft 13 via threads and is limited by the axis. The inner ring of the turbine 7 drives the rotating shaft 13 to rotate. The radial through valve 12 and the rotating shaft 13 can rotate relative to each other, and a sealing ring is installed between them; The radial through valve 12 is circumferentially positioned by the positioning groove 1203 and the six-tooth positioning pin 1501 of the open housing 15, ensuring that the circumferential relative position of the through groove 1202 of the radial through valve 12 and the external pressure relief groove 1504 of the open housing 15 remains unchanged. The clamping piston 16 is connected to the rotating shaft 13 by a thread and circumferentially clamps the rotatable two-way through valve 14. The double toothed positioning pin 1402 of the rotatable two-way through valve 14 is circumferentially positioned with the symmetrical positioning groove 1305 of the rotating shaft 13, ensuring that the circumferential relative position of the through groove 1202 of the radial through valve 12 and the pressure relief groove 1403 of the rotatable two-way through valve 14 remains unchanged. The impact hammer 17 is provided with a flat limit 1703. The impact hammer 17 is sealed with the open outer shell 15 and the lower outer shell 18. The lower outer shell 18 is connected to the open outer shell 15 and the lower connector 21 by threads. The anti-drop ring 20 restricts the fall of the impact drill bit 19, and a sealing ring is provided between the two. The mud drives the turbine 7 to rotate through the flow channel hole of the upper connector 1 and the through-clamping ring 5, and enters the middle hole 1307 of the shaft 13 from the flow hole 1306 of the shaft 13. At this time, part of the mud flows out through the middle hole of the clamping piston 16, the impact hammer 17 and the impact drill bit 19, and part of the mud is used to drive the impact hammer. The principle is: When the machine starts working, the through groove B1303 of the rotating shaft 13 is not connected to the through groove 1202 of the radial through valve 12. Due to the throttling of the drill bit water hole, the entire tool is under high pressure. The lifting pressure chamber 24 is under high pressure. At this time, the pressure relief groove 1403 of the rotatable two-way through valve 14 is connected to the external pressure relief groove 1504 of the open housing 15. The low pressure outside the tool acts on the impact hammer through the drain hole 1505 of the open housing 15. Due to the difference in the area of ​​the high and low pressure, the total force of the impact hammer 17 is upward, causing it to move upward. As the rotating shaft 13 rotates, the through groove B1303 of the rotating shaft 13 is connected to the through groove 1202 of the radial through valve 12. The pressure relief groove 1403 of the rotatable two-way through valve 14 is not connected to the external pressure relief groove 1504 of the open shell 15. The mud passes through the through groove B1303 of the rotating shaft 13, the open groove 1304 and the through groove 1202 of the radial through valve 12, and then through the through groove flow channel 1401 of the rotatable two-way through valve 14 to reach the impact pressure chamber 23. At this time, the total force of the impact hammer 17 is downward, and the impact hammer 17 decelerates upward until it stops. After reaching the upper dead point of the impact hammer 17, the impact hammer 17 accelerates in the opposite direction to achieve the impact motion. When the impact just ends, the radial through-valve 1202 of the opening slot 1304 of the rotating shaft 13 is just disconnected, and the pressure relief slot 1403 of the rotatable two-way through-valve 14 is just connected with the external pressure relief slot 1504 of the opening shell 15. At this time, the high-pressure mud cannot enter the impact pressure chamber 23, and the total force of the impact hammer 17 causes upward movement, which is one stroke, and so on in a cycle.

[0019] A high-frequency, high-energy impactor driven by a large-diameter turbine, characterized in that: the pressure difference between the high-pressure chamber 24 and the external low-pressure chamber is 3-6 MPa.

[0020] A large-diameter turbine-driven, low-pressure-difference, high-frequency, high-energy impactor, characterized in that "the impactor has a displacement of 20-50 L / s, an adjustable impact frequency of 1-50 Hz, an impact force of 1-1000 tons, and an impact energy of 50-500 J." A large-diameter turbine-driven, low-pressure-difference, high-frequency, high-energy impactor, characterized in that: the impact drill bit 19 has a water hole diameter of 6-30mm.

[0021] A high-frequency, high-energy impactor driven by a large-diameter turbine with low pressure drop, characterized in that the turbine 7 rotates at a speed of 500-3000 revolutions per minute.

[0022] A large-diameter turbine-driven, low-pressure-difference, high-frequency, high-energy impactor, characterized in that the stroke of the impact hammer 17 is 20-60mm.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) The main structure of this invention is simple and can be applied to mud drilling; (2) This invention has low pressure and low pressure consumption compared with other structures, which is beneficial to oil and gas drilling; (3) This invention has a high degree of compatibility with existing construction technology and low cost of use.

[0024] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the spirit and principles of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large passage diameter turbine driven low differential pressure high frequency high energy impactor, composed of upper joint (1), main housing (2), adjusting gasket (3), compression ring cylinder (4), through compression ring (5), compression rod (6), turbine (7), lower compression flow guide sleeve (8), lower outer compression sleeve (9), bearing (10), hard alloy ring (11), radial through valve (12), rotating shaft (13), reversible through valve (14), open housing (15), compression piston (16), impact hammer (17), lower housing (18), impact drill bit (19), anti-drop ring (20), lower joint (21); characterized in that: The upper joint (1), the main shell (2), and the open shell (15) are sequentially connected by threads, and the upper joint is pressed against the adjusting gasket (3), the through pressing ring (5), the outer ring of the turbine (7), the lower outer pressing sleeve (9), the outer ring of the bearing (10), the hard alloy ring (11), and the radial through valve (12) and is limited by the axis; the open shell (15) is provided with a liquid discharge hole (1505) and an external pressure relief groove (1504); the pressing rod (6) is threadedly connected with the rotating shaft (13) to press and limit the inner ring of the turbine (7), the lower pressing flow guide sleeve (8), and the inner ring of the bearing (10); the radial through valve (12) and the rotating shaft (13) can rotate relative to each other; the radial through valve (12) is circumferentially positioned by the positioning groove (1203) and the six-tooth positioning pin (1501) of the open shell (15), so as to ensure that the through groove (1202) of the radial through valve (12) and the external pressure relief groove (1504) of the open shell (15) have a constant circumferential relative position; the pressing piston (16) is threadedly connected with the rotating shaft (13) and circumferentially presses the rotatable two-way through valve (14); the double-tooth positioning pin (1402) of the rotatable two-way through valve (14) is circumferentially positioned in the symmetrical positioning groove (1305) of the rotating shaft (13), so as to ensure that the through groove (1202) of the radial through valve (12) and the pressure relief groove (1403) of the rotatable two-way through valve (14) have a constant circumferential relative position; the impact hammer (17) is provided with a pair of limiting grooves (1703) on the upper surface; the impact hammer (17) is sealed with the open shell (15) and the lower shell (18); the lower shell (18) is threadedly connected with the open shell (15) and the lower joint (21); the anti-falling ring (20) limits the falling of the impact drill bit (19), and a sealing ring is arranged between the two; The mud is driven to rotate the turbine (7) through the flow channel hole of the through pressing ring (5) and the upper joint (1), and enters the middle hole (1307) of the rotating shaft (13) from the flow guide hole (1306) of the rotating shaft (13); at this time, part of the mud flows out through the middle hole of the pressing piston (16), the impact hammer (17), and the impact drill bit (19), and part of the mud is used to drive the impact hammer to move; When the machine starts working, the through groove B (1303) of the rotating shaft (13) is not connected to the through groove (1202) of the radial through valve (12). Due to the throttling of the drill bit water hole, the entire tool is under high pressure. The lifting pressure chamber (24) is under high pressure. At this time, the pressure relief groove (1403) of the two-way through valve (14) and the external pressure relief groove (1504) of the open shell (15) can be rotated. When the tool is connected, the low pressure outside the tool acts on the impact hammer through the drain hole (1505) of the open shell (15). Due to the difference in the area of ​​the high and low pressure, the total force of the impact hammer (17) is upward, causing it to move upward. As the shaft (13) rotates, the through groove B (1303) of the shaft (13) is connected to the through groove (1202) of the radial through valve (12), and the pressure relief groove (1403) of the rotatable two-way through valve (14) is not connected to the external pressure relief groove (1504) of the open shell (15). The mud passes through the through groove B (1303) of the shaft (13), the open groove (1304) and the through groove (1202) of the radial through valve (12), and then through the through groove (1504) of the rotatable two-way through valve (14). When the channel (1401) reaches the impact pressure chamber (23), the total force of the impact hammer (17) is downward, and the impact hammer (17) decelerates upward until it stops. After reaching the upper dead point of the impact hammer (17), the impact hammer (17) accelerates in the opposite direction to achieve impact motion. When the impact action just ends, the opening slot (1304) of the rotating shaft (13) and the through slot (1202) of the radial through valve (12) are just disconnected. The pressure relief slot (1403) of the rotatable two-way through valve (14) and the external pressure relief slot (1504) of the opening shell (15) are just connected. At this time, the high pressure mud cannot enter the impact pressure chamber (23). The total force of the impact hammer (17) is upward, causing upward motion, which is one stroke. This cycle repeats.

2. A large gauge, turbine driven, low differential pressure, high frequency, high energy impactor characterized by: The pressure chamber (24) is a high pressure chamber with a pressure difference of 3-6 MPa between the high pressure chamber and the external low pressure chamber.

3. A large gauge, turbine driven, low differential pressure, high frequency, high energy impactor characterized by "The impactor has a displacement of 20-50L / s, an adjustable impact frequency of 1-50Hz, an impact force of 1-1000 tons, and an impact energy of 50-500J." 4. A large-passage, turbine-driven, low-pressure-differential, high-frequency, high- energy impactor characterized by: The water hole diameter of the impact drill bit (19) is 6-30mm.

5. A large-passage, turbine-driven, low-pressure-differential, high-frequency, high- energy impactor characterized by: The turbine (7) rotates at a speed of 500-3000 revolutions per minute.

6. A large-passage, turbine-driven, low-pressure-differential, high-frequency, high- energy impactor characterized by: The stroke of the impact hammer (17) is 20-60mm.

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