Safety socket based on active pulse injection and energy conservation and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a safety socket based on active pulse injection and energy conservation and a use method of the safety socket. The safety socket comprises a monitoring module and a control module, wherein the monitoring module comprises a current transformer, a built-in NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) temperature sensor and an independent high-frequency ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) sampling channel; the protection execution module comprises an electromagnetic release; the electromagnetic release is connected with the control module; the control module comprises a microprocessor with a built-in high-frequency signal generator; the high-frequency signal generator is configured to inject a micro-pulse signal into the power supply loop at a zero crossing point of alternating current; the microprocessor is configured to receive the electrical response data of the power supply loop after the micro-pulse signal is injected so as to calculate a dynamic contact degradation index in real time; meanwhile, live wire and zero wire high-frequency transient electrical data collected by an independent high-frequency ADC sampling channel are received, so that differential leakage energy in a preset time window is calculated; and when the dynamic contact degradation index or the differential leakage energy exceeds a corresponding preset safety threshold value, the microprocessor drives the electromagnetic release to cut off the power supply loop.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of socket equipment technology, and more specifically, relates to a safety socket based on active pulse injection and energy conservation and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In modern building systems, sockets, as core terminal devices for power transmission and access, are widely used in various building locations such as residential buildings, commercial buildings, and industrial plants, serving as the fundamental carrier for ensuring the normal operation of various electrical equipment. With the rapid development of technologies such as smart homes and industrial automation, the number and power of various electrical devices in buildings have increased significantly, leading to a continuous increase in the frequency of socket usage and load intensity. Consequently, electrical safety issues have become increasingly prominent, posing a significant threat to building property safety and personal safety. Overload operation is a common safety risk for sockets. When the total power of electrical devices connected to a socket exceeds its rated load, it can cause the internal wiring of the socket to overheat and the insulation layer to age. In severe cases, this can lead to short circuits, fires, and other safety accidents, causing significant property damage and personal injury. Leakage, on the other hand, results in the ineffective loss of electrical energy. More seriously, if leakage current forms a circuit through the human body, it can directly threaten the user's personal safety, causing electric shock accidents. Therefore, developing efficient and reliable protection devices for overload and leakage problems in building electrical sockets is of significant practical importance and application value for improving the level of electrical safety in buildings.

[0003] Currently, the sockets and related protection technologies used in the building industry have formed a certain existing technological system. Traditional ordinary sockets only have basic power supply functions and lack any overload or leakage protection mechanisms. They rely entirely on the user's safety awareness to avoid risks, resulting in extremely poor safety protection capabilities. To improve this situation, some manufacturers have made simple modifications to sockets, adding basic overload or leakage protection modules inside, creating socket products with preliminary protection functions. Existing overload protection methods mainly employ mechanical protection structures, such as bimetallic thermistors and fuses. Their working principle is based on a preset fixed current threshold. When the circuit current exceeds this threshold, the circuit is cut off by the thermal expansion and deformation of the bimetallic strip or the fuse melting, thus achieving overload protection. Existing leakage protection methods mainly use residual current devices (RCDs), which are divided into electromagnetic and electronic types. They detect the difference in residual current in the circuit. When the residual current exceeds a set value, a tripping mechanism is triggered to cut off the power supply, thus achieving leakage protection. Some products also incorporate simple current detection elements for preliminary judgment of leakage conditions. In addition, a small number of sockets with basic smart features have appeared on the market, attempting to achieve preliminary detection of overload and leakage, but the overall technology is relatively simple.

[0004] Although various socket protection methods exist in the current technology, practical application has verified that these existing technologies have many inherent defects, making them unable to effectively solve the overload and leakage safety problems faced by current building electrical sockets. For example, existing protection devices generally have the defect of single function. Most products can only achieve one of overload protection or leakage protection, and cannot simultaneously cover comprehensive protection against both safety risks, making it difficult to meet the diversified safety needs of building power use scenarios. Secondly, the protection sensitivity is low. The action threshold of existing overload protection devices is fixed and has poor adjustability. It often requires the current to exceed the threshold for a certain period of time before the protection action is triggered, resulting in a long response time, which is not effective in protecting the safety of electrical equipment and lines. In terms of leakage protection, existing devices have insufficient detection accuracy for small leakage currents, and cannot accurately detect slight leakage phenomena, which can easily lead to safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned deficiencies or improvement needs of existing technologies, this invention provides a safety socket based on active pulse injection and energy conservation, and its usage method. Through deep collaboration between the monitoring module, protection execution module, and control module, and by integrating control logic with high-frequency transient analysis and energy differential calculation, detection blind spots are eliminated. Furthermore, the socket is endowed with the ability to deeply understand and quickly handle electrical faults, fundamentally improving the safety and intelligence level of building electrical systems and achieving a technological leap from passive protection to active perception.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a safety socket based on active pulse injection and energy conservation, comprising: a housing, the housing being formed by a front cover and a bottom box fastened together, the front cover having at least one set of socket holes; a wiring terminal, the wiring terminal being disposed within the housing for fixed connection to an external power cord introduced into the housing; a socket assembly, the socket assembly being fixedly disposed within the housing, the socket assembly including a neutral wire socket, a live wire socket, and a grounding socket corresponding to the socket holes, the neutral wire socket, the live wire socket, and the grounding socket being electrically connected to the wiring terminal through conductive elements; and further comprising: a monitoring module, a protection execution module, and a control module; The monitoring module is connected to the control module and includes a current transformer, a built-in NTC temperature sensor, and an independent high-frequency ADC sampling channel. The protection execution module includes an electromagnetic trip unit, which is connected to the control module. The control module includes a microprocessor with a built-in high-frequency signal generator. The high-frequency signal generator is configured to inject a micropulse signal into the power supply circuit at the zero-crossing point of the AC power. The microprocessor is configured to: receive electrical response data of the power supply circuit after the micropulse signal is injected, to calculate the dynamic contact degradation index in real time; and simultaneously receive high-frequency transient electrical data of the live and neutral wires collected by the independent high-frequency ADC sampling channel, to calculate the differential leakage energy within a preset time window. When the dynamic contact degradation index exceeds a first preset safety threshold, or the differential leakage energy exceeds a second preset safety threshold, the microprocessor outputs a trigger signal to the protection execution module to drive the electromagnetic trip unit to cut off the power supply circuit.

[0007] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the dynamic contact degradation index is as follows: ; In the formula, The dynamic contact degradation index; To inject pulse voltage drop; It is a high-frequency pulse response current; This is the temperature rise sensitivity coefficient; This refers to the real-time temperature rise rate; The reference contact impedance constant is denoted as .

[0008] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the differential leakage energy is as follows: ; In the formula, For differential leakage energy; This is a constant for the high-frequency integration time window; , These are the instantaneous voltage and current of the live wire, respectively; , These are the instantaneous voltage and current of the neutral line, respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, the current transformer is a through-hole current transformer with a nanocrystalline magnetic core, which is electrically connected to the microprocessor; there are two current transformers, which are respectively sleeved on the outside of the live wire and the neutral wire. The built-in NTC temperature sensor is attached to the outside of the copper spring of the live wire socket or the neutral wire socket by thermally conductive insulating adhesive. The monitoring module also includes an analog-to-digital converter that supports multi-channel synchronous sampling; the independent high-frequency ADC sampling channel includes four independent input channels set on the analog-to-digital converter, which are respectively used to receive conditioning signals of live wire voltage, neutral wire voltage, live wire current and neutral wire current; the analog-to-digital converter is communicatively connected to the microprocessor and is configured to respond to the trigger command of the microprocessor to control the four independent input channels to perform synchronous latch sampling.

[0010] Furthermore, the electromagnetic trip unit is a miniature magnetic latching electromagnetic trip unit, and its drive coil is connected to the microprocessor through a high-power switching transistor.

[0011] Furthermore, the control module also includes a zero-crossing detection circuit, which is connected between the live wire and the neutral wire and is used to output a zero-crossing signal to the microprocessor; the high-frequency signal generator is configured to generate a high-frequency micropulse based on the zero-crossing signal and inject it into the power supply circuit.

[0012] Furthermore, the protection execution module also includes a relay, and the socket also includes an alarm module and a communication module; The microprocessor is configured to: when the dynamic contact degradation index or the differential leakage energy exceeds the preset corresponding safety threshold, output a control signal to activate the relay, thereby triggering the alarm module to issue an on-site audible and visual alarm and driving the electromagnetic trip unit to cut off the power supply circuit. The microprocessor is communicatively connected to the communication module and is used to actively report fault data and power failure status, including the dynamic contact degradation index and the differential leakage energy, to the system host or mobile terminal. The microprocessor is configured with independent local automatic disconnection logic and remote controlled disconnection logic. When the local monitoring is in a normal state, the microprocessor supports forcibly disconnecting the power supply circuit in response to the remote disconnection signal received via the communication module. When the fault data is detected locally, the microprocessor executes the local automatic disconnection logic with the highest priority, regardless of the status restriction of the remote control signal.

[0013] Furthermore, the housing is provided with an insulating partition, which divides its internal space into a high-voltage area and a low-voltage area; the wiring terminals, the socket assembly and the main contacts of the electromagnetic trip unit are located in the high-voltage area; the microprocessor is located in the low-voltage area.

[0014] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for using a safety socket based on active pulse injection and energy conservation, applied to the safety socket described above, comprising the following steps: S1: When the safety socket is powered on, monitor the AC zero-crossing point of the power supply circuit in real time and continuously collect the real-time temperature of the socket assembly. S2: The microprocessor responds to the detection of the AC zero-crossing point and controls the high-frequency signal generator to actively inject a high-frequency micro-pulse signal into the power supply circuit; S3: The microprocessor synchronously acquires the pulse voltage drop and response current corresponding to the high-frequency micro-pulse signal to calculate the local high-frequency contact impedance, and calculates the dynamic contact deterioration index by combining the real-time temperature rise rate. S4: Within a set time window, the microprocessor synchronously and continuously collects the transient voltage and transient current of the live wire and the neutral wire in the power supply circuit. By integrating the difference between the instantaneous power flowing into the live wire and the instantaneous power flowing out of the neutral wire over time, the differential leakage energy is calculated. S5: The microprocessor compares the dynamic contact degradation index with a first preset safety threshold and the differential leakage energy with a second preset safety threshold. If the dynamic contact degradation index or the differential leakage energy exceeds its corresponding safety threshold, a fault clearing signal is immediately generated to disconnect the power supply circuit and trigger an abnormal alarm.

[0015] A third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, which, when executed by a processor, controls the device where the storage medium is located to perform the usage method as described above.

[0016] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: 1. The safety socket of the present invention, through the deep collaboration of the monitoring module, protection execution module and control module, and through the control logic that integrates high-frequency transient analysis and energy differential calculation, eliminates detection blind spots and endows the socket with the ability to deeply understand and quickly handle electrical faults, fundamentally improving the safety and intelligence level of building electrical systems and realizing the technological leap from passive protection to active perception.

[0017] 2. The safety socket of the present invention strictly divides the internal space into a high-voltage area and a low-voltage area by means of an insulating partition set inside the shell, thereby achieving physical isolation between high and low voltage, effectively blocking electromagnetic interference of the high-voltage circuit to the low-voltage signal, ensuring the accuracy of the data collected by the control module and the stability of operation, and significantly improving the electrical safety level and anti-interference capability of the whole machine.

[0018] 3. The safety socket of the present invention can promptly identify abnormal heating caused by increased contact resistance, wear during insertion and removal, or overload by real-time monitoring of the temperature changes of the copper contacts of the live wire socket and the neutral wire socket. This provides key data support for the calculation of the dynamic contact degradation index, thereby effectively preventing the risk of insulation aging, electric arc, or even fire caused by local overheating.

[0019] 4. The safety socket of the present invention achieves the organic integration of multiple safety protection mechanisms by setting up an alarm module and a communication module: on the one hand, by sensing contact deterioration and leakage abnormalities locally in real time, it actively cuts off the power supply and triggers audible and visual alarms before endangering equipment or personal safety, effectively preventing electrical fires; on the other hand, the communication module enables remote transmission of fault information, making it convenient for maintenance personnel to grasp the equipment status in a timely manner and carry out predictive maintenance; at the same time, the priority hierarchical architecture of local and remote disconnection logic not only ensures the absolute dominance of local protection in emergency situations, but also takes into account the remote intervention needs in intelligent management scenarios, significantly improving the system's safety, reliability and intelligence level. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the safety socket according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the adaptive predictive protection logic of the safety socket according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of using a safety socket according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0022] Example 1 Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This invention provides a safety socket based on active pulse injection and energy conservation, comprising: a housing, the housing being formed by a front cover and a bottom box fastened together, the front cover having at least one set of socket holes; a wiring terminal, the wiring terminal being disposed inside the housing for fixed connection with an external power cord introduced into the housing; and a socket assembly, the socket assembly being fixedly disposed inside the housing, the socket assembly including a neutral wire socket, a live wire socket, and a grounding socket corresponding to the socket holes, the neutral wire socket, the live wire socket, and the grounding socket being electrically connected to the wiring terminal through conductive elements. The safety socket also includes: a monitoring module, a protection execution module, and a control module; The monitoring module is connected to the control module and includes a current transformer, a built-in NTC temperature sensor, and an independent high-frequency ADC sampling channel. The protection execution module includes an electromagnetic trip unit, which is connected to the control module. The control module includes a microprocessor with a built-in high-frequency signal generator. The high-frequency signal generator is configured to inject a micropulse signal into the power supply circuit at the zero-crossing point of the AC power. The microprocessor is configured to: receive electrical response data of the power supply circuit after the micropulse signal is injected, to calculate the dynamic contact degradation index in real time; and simultaneously receive high-frequency transient electrical data of the live and neutral wires collected by the independent high-frequency ADC sampling channel, to calculate the differential leakage energy within a preset time window. When the dynamic contact degradation index exceeds a first preset safety threshold, or the differential leakage energy exceeds a second preset safety threshold, the microprocessor outputs a trigger signal to the protection execution module to drive the electromagnetic trip unit to cut off the power supply circuit.

[0023] Understandably, during use, by utilizing the microprocessor with a built-in high-frequency signal generator in the control module, micro-pulse signals are injected into the power supply circuit at the AC zero-crossing point. Based on the electrical response data fed back by the monitoring module, the dynamic contact degradation index is calculated in real time. This allows for the accurate identification of contact aging and micro-arc hazards that are difficult to detect by traditional methods, enabling preventative disconnection before overheating or short circuits occur. Simultaneously, with the help of the independent high-frequency ADC sampling channel and current transformer in the monitoring module, the control module can calculate the differential leakage energy within a preset time window based on the principle of energy conservation. This greatly improves the accuracy of capturing minute leakage currents and complex fault currents, effectively solving the problems of low sensitivity and susceptibility to interference of traditional transformers. Thus, when the dynamic contact degradation index or differential leakage energy exceeds the corresponding preset threshold, the microprocessor immediately drives the electromagnetic trip unit in the protection execution module to operate, disconnecting the power supply circuit with a millisecond-level response speed.

[0024] It is understood that the neutral wire socket, the live wire socket, and the grounding socket are electrically connected to the terminal block through conductive components, and each conductive component constitutes a corresponding live wire circuit, neutral wire circuit, and ground wire circuit.

[0025] In an optional embodiment, the formula for calculating the dynamic contact degradation index is: ; In the formula, The dynamic contact degradation index; To inject pulse voltage drop; It is a high-frequency pulse response current; This is the temperature rise sensitivity coefficient; This refers to the real-time temperature rise rate; The reference contact impedance constant is denoted as .

[0026] It should be noted that the dynamic contact degradation index is used to characterize the health of the contact surface between the socket and the plug; the temperature rise sensitivity coefficient is an experimental calibration constant based on the thermal expansion and contraction characteristics of the conductive material inside the socket; the real-time temperature rise rate is continuously collected by the built-in NTC temperature sensor and calculated by the microprocessor using a first-order difference algorithm to differentiate over time; the reference contact impedance constant is the high-frequency reference contact impedance constant of the safety socket under healthy conditions calibrated at the factory.

[0027] In an optional embodiment, the formula for calculating the differential leakage energy is: ; In the formula, For differential leakage energy; This is a constant for the high-frequency integration time window; , These are the instantaneous voltage and current of the live wire, respectively; , These are the instantaneous voltage and current of the neutral line, respectively.

[0028] In an optional embodiment, the first preset safety threshold is a preset contact heating safety threshold with a value of 2.5-4; the second preset safety threshold is a preset leakage current safety threshold with a value of 50mJ-250mJ.

[0029] In an optional embodiment, the housing is provided with an insulating partition, dividing its internal space into a high-voltage area and a low-voltage area; the wiring terminals, socket assemblies, and the main contacts of the electromagnetic trip unit are located in the high-voltage area; the microprocessor is located in the low-voltage area. It is understood that during use, the insulating partition within the housing strictly divides the internal space into high-voltage and low-voltage areas, achieving physical isolation between the two, thereby effectively blocking electromagnetic interference from the high-voltage circuit to the low-voltage signal, ensuring the accuracy of the data collected by the control module and its operational stability, while significantly improving the overall electrical safety level and anti-interference capability of the device.

[0030] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the monitoring module is mainly responsible for acquiring electrical and thermal physical quantities with high fidelity. It is installed on the main control PCB board and high-voltage circuit inside the housing. In other embodiments, the monitoring module may also be installed on other types of physical media, which is not specifically limited here.

[0031] In an optional embodiment, the current transformer is a through-hole current transformer with a nanocrystalline magnetic core, which is electrically connected to the microprocessor; there are two current transformers, which are respectively mounted on the outside of the live wire and the neutral wire. It is understood that during use, the high permeability and low loss of the nanocrystalline magnetic core material significantly improves the detection sensitivity and linearity of high-frequency transient currents and minute leakage signals; furthermore, the dual-channel independent sampling configuration can accurately acquire the actual current waveforms of the live wire and the neutral wire, providing high-fidelity raw data for the microprocessor to calculate differential leakage energy; simultaneously, the through-hole mounting method avoids electrical interference to the main circuit conductor, ensuring measurement accuracy while guaranteeing system operational reliability, effectively overcoming the shortcomings of traditional ferrite transformers such as easy saturation and hysteresis under complex loads.

[0032] In an optional embodiment, the built-in NTC temperature sensor is attached to the outside of the copper spring of the live wire socket or the neutral wire socket via thermally conductive insulating adhesive, thereby enabling direct and efficient sensing of the real-time temperature rise of the socket under high-current operating conditions. It is understood that, during use, this arrangement utilizes the thermally conductive insulating adhesive to balance excellent thermal conductivity and electrical insulation performance, significantly improving the response speed and measurement accuracy of temperature detection while ensuring safe isolation.

[0033] In an optional embodiment, the monitoring module further includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) supporting multi-channel synchronous sampling; the independent high-frequency ADC sampling channel includes four independent input channels disposed on the ADC, respectively used to receive conditioning signals of live wire voltage, neutral wire voltage, live wire current, and neutral wire current; the ADC is communicatively connected to the microprocessor and configured to respond to the trigger command of the microprocessor to control the four independent input channels to perform synchronous latching sampling. It is understood that, during use, the above design ensures high-precision dynamic electrical parameter acquisition, effectively avoids power or energy calculation errors caused by inter-channel sampling delays, significantly improves the reliability and sensitivity of differential leakage energy criteria, and provides key hardware support for realizing intelligent leakage current identification based on the principle of energy conservation.

[0034] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the protection execution module is used to physically block the circuit after receiving a fault signal to ensure electrical safety. It includes an electromagnetic trip unit. In other embodiments, other types of blocking devices may also be used, which are not specifically limited here.

[0035] In an optional embodiment, the electromagnetic trip unit is a miniature magnetically latched electromagnetic trip unit, whose drive coil is connected to the microprocessor via a high-power switching transistor. It is understood that, through the above design, the magnetic latching characteristic allows the tripped state to be maintained without continuous power supply after triggering, significantly reducing power consumption and improving system energy efficiency. Simultaneously, the miniaturized design saves space within the housing, facilitating compact layout in high-voltage areas. Secondly, the high-power switching transistor, serving as the drive interface, offers fast response and strong switching capability, ensuring that the trigger signal from the microprocessor efficiently and reliably drives the electromagnetic trip unit to perform the power supply circuit disconnection operation. Furthermore, the magnetic latching mechanism enhances anti-interference capabilities, preventing false resets or malfunctions due to instantaneous voltage fluctuations, thereby improving the overall safety, stability, and service life of the device.

[0036] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the control module, as the core intelligent unit of the safety socket, integrates a microprocessor with a built-in high-frequency signal generator. It is responsible for coordinating the data acquisition of the monitoring module, executing active pulse injection, real-time calculation of dynamic contact degradation index and differential leakage energy, and outputting a trigger signal to the protection execution module when an overload or leakage risk is detected. The microprocessor is a common processor in the prior art, such as the ARM Cortex-M4 architecture, which is a 32-bit microprocessor with a floating-point arithmetic unit and a digital signal processing instruction set. This enables it to complete the transfer of high-frequency ADC data, multiplication and addition operations, and complex calculus solutions within a few milliseconds of AC power cycle. In other embodiments, other types of microprocessors may also be used, which are not specifically limited here.

[0037] In an optional embodiment, the control module further includes a zero-crossing detection circuit connected between the live wire and the neutral wire to output a zero-crossing signal to the microprocessor; the high-frequency signal generator is configured to generate high-frequency micropulses based on the zero-crossing signal and inject them into the power supply circuit. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the zero-crossing detection circuit and the high-frequency signal generator are common electrical devices in the prior art. For example, the zero-crossing detection circuit includes a step-down resistor network and a bidirectional optocoupler; the high-frequency signal generator includes a timer inside the microprocessor and an external LC low-pass filter; the high-frequency micropulses generated by the high-frequency signal generator are injected into the power supply circuit after being coupled to an isolation device, which is a high-voltage safety capacitor. In other embodiments, other types of electrical devices may be used, which are not specifically limited here.

[0038] In an optional embodiment, the protection execution module further includes a relay, and the socket further includes an alarm module and a communication module; The microprocessor is configured to: when the dynamic contact degradation index or the differential leakage energy exceeds the preset corresponding safety threshold, output a control signal to activate the relay, thereby triggering the alarm module to issue an on-site audible and visual alarm and driving the electromagnetic trip unit to cut off the power supply circuit. The microprocessor is communicatively connected to the communication module and is used to actively report fault data and power failure status, including the dynamic contact degradation index and the differential leakage energy, to the system host or mobile terminal. The microprocessor is configured with independent local automatic disconnection logic and remote controlled disconnection logic. When the local monitoring is in a normal state, the microprocessor supports forcibly disconnecting the power supply circuit in response to the remote disconnection signal received via the communication module. When the fault data is detected locally, the microprocessor executes the local automatic disconnection logic with the highest priority, regardless of the status restriction of the remote control signal.

[0039] Understandably, during use, the above design achieves the organic integration of multiple safety protection mechanisms: on the one hand, by sensing contact degradation and leakage anomalies locally in real time, it proactively cuts off the power supply and triggers audible and visual alarms before endangering equipment or personal safety, effectively preventing electrical fires; on the other hand, the communication module enables remote transmission of fault information, facilitating maintenance personnel to promptly grasp the equipment status and carry out predictive maintenance; at the same time, the priority-based hierarchical architecture of local and remote disconnection logic not only ensures the absolute dominance of local protection in emergency situations, but also takes into account the remote intervention needs in intelligent management scenarios, significantly improving the system's security, reliability, and intelligence level.

[0040] It should be noted that in this embodiment, both the alarm module and the communication module are common electrical devices in the prior art, such as a self-powered alarm module including a buzzer and LED lights, or a communication device including a wired communication module (USB interface or RJ45 interface) and a wireless communication module (NB-IoT communication module or LoRa communication module); in other embodiments, other types of electrical devices may also be used, which are not specifically limited here.

[0041] Example 2 Please refer to Figure 2 This invention provides a method for using a safety socket based on active pulse injection and energy conservation, comprising the following steps: S1: When the safety socket is powered on, monitor the AC zero-crossing point of the power supply circuit in real time and continuously collect the real-time temperature of the socket assembly. S2: The microprocessor responds to the detection of the AC zero-crossing point and controls the high-frequency signal generator to actively inject a high-frequency micro-pulse signal into the power supply circuit; S3: The microprocessor synchronously acquires the pulse voltage drop and response current corresponding to the high-frequency micro-pulse signal to calculate the local high-frequency contact impedance, and calculates the dynamic contact deterioration index by combining the real-time temperature rise rate. S4: Within a set time window, the microprocessor synchronously and continuously collects the transient voltage and transient current of the live wire and the neutral wire in the power supply circuit. By integrating the difference between the instantaneous power flowing into the live wire and the instantaneous power flowing out of the neutral wire over time, the differential leakage energy is calculated. S5: The microprocessor compares the dynamic contact degradation index with a first preset safety threshold and the differential leakage energy with a second preset safety threshold. If the dynamic contact degradation index or the differential leakage energy exceeds its corresponding safety threshold, a fault clearing signal is immediately generated to disconnect the power supply circuit and trigger an abnormal alarm.

[0042] Example 3 This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that is executed by a processor to implement the various steps in the method of using the safety socket in the above embodiments. For details, please refer to the implementation methods provided for the above steps, which will not be repeated here.

[0043] It should be noted that the readable storage medium can be a high-speed RAM memory or a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device; the readable storage medium can include read-only memory and random access memory, and provide instructions and data to the microprocessor; for example, the memory can also store device type information.

[0044] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the accompanying figures are shown sequentially as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the accompanying figures may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and their execution order is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0045] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0046] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0047] In this invention, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit it; those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safety socket based on active pulse injection and energy conservation, comprising: The housing comprises a front cover and a bottom box that are fastened together, the front cover having at least one set of sockets; a terminal block disposed within the housing for fixed connection to an external power cord introduced into the housing; and a socket assembly fixedly disposed within the housing, the socket assembly including a neutral wire socket, a live wire socket, and a grounding socket corresponding to the sockets, the neutral wire socket, the live wire socket, and the grounding socket being electrically connected to the terminal block via conductive elements; characterized in that it further comprises: a monitoring module, a protection execution module, and a control module; The monitoring module is connected to the control module and includes a current transformer, a built-in NTC temperature sensor, and an independent high-frequency ADC sampling channel. The protection execution module includes an electromagnetic trip unit, which is connected to the control module. The control module includes a microprocessor with a built-in high-frequency signal generator. The high-frequency signal generator is configured to inject a micropulse signal into the power supply circuit at the zero-crossing point of the AC power. The microprocessor is configured to: receive electrical response data of the power supply circuit after the micropulse signal is injected, to calculate the dynamic contact degradation index in real time; and simultaneously receive high-frequency transient electrical data of the live and neutral wires collected by the independent high-frequency ADC sampling channel, to calculate the differential leakage energy within a preset time window. When the dynamic contact degradation index exceeds a first preset safety threshold, or the differential leakage energy exceeds a second preset safety threshold, the microprocessor outputs a trigger signal to the protection execution module to drive the electromagnetic trip unit to cut off the power supply circuit.

2. The safety socket according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the dynamic contact degradation index is as follows: ； In the formula, The dynamic contact degradation index; To inject pulse voltage drop; It is a high-frequency pulse response current; This is the temperature rise sensitivity coefficient; For real-time temperature rise rate; The reference contact impedance constant is denoted as .

3. The safety socket according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the differential leakage energy is as follows: ； In the formula, For differential leakage energy; This is a constant for the high-frequency integration time window; , These are the instantaneous voltage and current of the live wire, respectively; , These are the instantaneous voltage and current of the neutral line, respectively.

4. The safety socket according to claim 1, characterized in that, The current transformer is a through-hole current transformer with a nanocrystalline magnetic core, which is electrically connected to the microprocessor; there are two current transformers, which are respectively sleeved on the outside of the live wire and the neutral wire. The built-in NTC temperature sensor is attached to the outside of the copper spring of the live wire socket or the neutral wire socket by thermally conductive insulating adhesive. The monitoring module also includes an analog-to-digital converter that supports multi-channel synchronous sampling; the independent high-frequency ADC sampling channel includes four independent input channels set on the analog-to-digital converter, which are respectively used to receive conditioning signals of live wire voltage, neutral wire voltage, live wire current and neutral wire current; the analog-to-digital converter is communicatively connected to the microprocessor and is configured to respond to the trigger command of the microprocessor to control the four independent input channels to perform synchronous latch sampling.

5. The safety socket according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic trip unit is a miniature magnetic latching electromagnetic trip unit, and its drive coil is connected to the microprocessor through a high-power switching transistor.

6. The safety socket according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module also includes a zero-crossing detection circuit, which is connected between the live wire and the neutral wire and is used to output a zero-crossing signal to the microprocessor; the high-frequency signal generator is configured to generate a high-frequency micropulse based on the zero-crossing signal and inject it into the power supply circuit.

7. The safety socket according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protection execution module also includes a relay, and the socket also includes an alarm module and a communication module; The microprocessor is configured to: when the dynamic contact degradation index or the differential leakage energy exceeds the preset corresponding safety threshold, output a control signal to activate the relay, thereby triggering the alarm module to issue an on-site audible and visual alarm and driving the electromagnetic trip unit to cut off the power supply circuit. The microprocessor is communicatively connected to the communication module and is used to actively report fault data and power failure status, including the dynamic contact degradation index and the differential leakage energy, to the system host or mobile terminal. The microprocessor is configured with independent local automatic disconnection logic and remote controlled disconnection logic. When the local monitoring is in a normal state, the microprocessor supports forcibly disconnecting the power supply circuit in response to the remote disconnection signal received via the communication module. When the fault data is detected locally, the microprocessor executes the local automatic disconnection logic with the highest priority, regardless of the status restriction of the remote control signal.

8. The safety socket according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing is equipped with an insulating partition, which divides its internal space into a high-voltage area and a low-voltage area; the wiring terminals, the socket assembly and the main contacts of the electromagnetic trip unit are located in the high-voltage area; the microprocessor is located in the low-voltage area.

9. A method for using a safety socket based on active pulse injection and energy conservation, applied to the safety socket according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: When the safety socket is powered on, monitor the AC zero-crossing point of the power supply circuit in real time and continuously collect the real-time temperature of the socket assembly. S2: The microprocessor responds to the detection of the AC zero-crossing point and controls the high-frequency signal generator to actively inject a high-frequency micro-pulse signal into the power supply circuit; S3: The microprocessor synchronously acquires the pulse voltage drop and response current corresponding to the high-frequency micro-pulse signal to calculate the local high-frequency contact impedance, and calculates the dynamic contact deterioration index by combining the real-time temperature rise rate. S4: Within a set time window, the microprocessor synchronously and continuously collects the transient voltage and transient current of the live wire and the neutral wire in the power supply circuit. By integrating the difference between the instantaneous power flowing into the live wire and the instantaneous power flowing out of the neutral wire over time, the differential leakage energy is calculated. S5: The microprocessor compares the dynamic contact degradation index with a first preset safety threshold and the differential leakage energy with a second preset safety threshold. If the dynamic contact degradation index or the differential leakage energy exceeds its corresponding safety threshold, a fault clearing signal is immediately generated to disconnect the power supply circuit and trigger an abnormal alarm.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program that, when executed by a processor, controls the device containing the storage medium to perform the usage method as described in claim 9.

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