A high oil-holding and temperature-resistant olegel and its preparation method
By using β-sitosterol and propyl gallate as gelling agents, an oleogel with high oil retention and resistance to temperature changes was prepared, which solved the performance deficiencies and stability problems of existing oleogels and realized the diversified applications and health benefits of oleogels.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ANHUI AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-26
AI Technical Summary
Existing oleogels are limited in variety and suffer from insufficient gel strength, poor stability, and limited functionality, making it difficult to meet the diverse needs of different fields. Furthermore, β-sitosterol, as a single-component oleogel, is prone to rapid phase separation and is difficult to form a stable oleogel structure.
β-sitosterol and propyl gallate were used as gelling agents and dispersed in the base oil by magnetic heating. After cooling, an oil gel was formed. The molar ratio and mass ratio were controlled, and the dispersion rate and temperature were kept within a specific range to avoid the hydrogenation process.
An oleogel with high oil retention and resistance to temperature changes was prepared, exhibiting good thixotropic recovery, oil retention, thermal stability, and freeze-thaw stability. This improved the oxidative stability and health benefits of oils, meeting the needs of different application scenarios.
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Figure CN122074566A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of food technology, specifically relating to an oil gel with high oil retention and resistance to temperature changes, and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] Solid fats play an irreplaceable role in food processing due to their excellent plasticity and textural properties. However, traditional hydrogenated vegetable oils produce trans fatty acids, and excessive intake of trans fats has been proven to pose health risks, significantly increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, exploring ideal alternatives to solid fats has become a research hotspot in the food industry. Oil gels, semi-solid or solid gels formed by combining liquid oil with gelling agents, are considered a promising strategy for partially or completely replacing solid fats in food. However, the types of existing gelling agents are relatively limited, and their performance and applications have certain limitations. Many oil gelling agents may suffer from insufficient gel strength, poor stability, and limited functionality when forming oil gels, making it difficult to meet the diverse needs of different fields. Therefore, developing novel oil gelling agents and their preparation methods is of great significance for expanding the application range of oil gels.
[0003] β-Sitosterol, a sterol compound naturally found in plant oils, has been shown to possess various potential health benefits, such as reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, regulating cholesterol levels, and aiding in cancer prevention. However, when used as a single-component oleogel in oil systems, β-Sitosterol is prone to rapid phase separation, making it difficult to form a stable oleogel structure.
[0004] Therefore, in order to overcome the limitations of existing olegel systems in terms of molecular diversity and applicability, it is necessary to conduct more systematic and in-depth research on the construction mechanism and application potential of olegels. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
[0006] In view of the problems existing in the above and / or prior art, the present invention is proposed.
[0007] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an oleogel with high oil retention and resistance to temperature changes, and a method for preparing the same.
[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for preparing an oleogel with high oil retention and resistance to temperature changes, characterized in that: it includes dissolving a gelling agent in a base oil, dispersing it under magnetic heating, and obtaining the oleogel after cooling; The gelling factor is composed of β-sitosterol and propyl gallate.
[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the preparation method described in this invention, the molar ratio of β-sitosterol to propyl gallate in the gelling factor is 2~6:8~4.
[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the preparation method described in this invention, the mass ratio of gelling agent to base oil in the oleogel is 1~2:8~9.
[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the preparation method described in this invention, the molar ratio of β-sitosterol to propyl gallate in the gelling factor is 5:5.
[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the preparation method described in this invention, the mass ratio of gelling agent to base oil in the oleogel is 1:9.
[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the preparation method described in this invention, the base oil is camellia seed oil.
[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the preparation method described in this invention, the dispersion speed is 400 rpm, the dispersion time is 40-60 min, and the dispersion temperature is 80-90℃.
[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the preparation method described in this invention, the dispersion speed is 400 rpm, the dispersion time is 60 min, and the dispersion temperature is 90 °C.
[0016] Another objective of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an oleogel with high oil retention and resistance to temperature changes prepared by a specific method.
[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the oleogel described in this invention, the thixotropic recovery rate of the high oil-holding and temperature-resistant oleogel is 26.41~49.47%, and the oil holding rate is 84.04~98.2%.
[0018] Beneficial effects of this invention: This invention uses β-sitosterol and phenols as gelling agents to improve the types of dual gelling agents and enhance the various properties of oleogels. The entire preparation process is carried out under relatively mild temperature conditions, and by controlling the amount of β-sitosterol and phenols, the properties of the final oleogel can be effectively regulated to meet the needs of different application scenarios. This technical route does not involve hydrogenation, thus avoiding the generation of trans fatty acids. At the same time, it effectively reduces the calories of oils and improves the oxidative stability and health benefits of oils. Attached Figure Description
[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein: Figure 1 For the inverted appearance of Examples 1-4 of the present invention, (f) Summary of gel formation: √ indicates stable gel, × indicates gel with precipitation; Figure 2 The rheological behavior of embodiments 1-4 of the present invention is shown below. Figure 2 (a) The variations of G′ and G″ values in Examples 1–4 within the frequency range of 0.1–100 Hz; Figure 2 (b) The change in apparent viscosity of Examples 1-4 at shear rates of 0.01-100 s⁻¹; Figure 3 The oil retention rates of Examples 1-4 of this invention; Figure 4 The thermal stability of embodiments 1-4 of the present invention, wherein Figure 4 (a) Appearance of Examples 1-4 compared to the samples before heating; Figure 4 (b) represents the oil retention rate after heating in Examples 1-4; Figure 5 The freeze-thaw stability of Examples 1-4 of the present invention, wherein Figure 5 (a) The appearance of Examples 1-4 after three consecutive cycles of alternating temperatures of -80°C (12h) and 25°C (12h); Figure 5 (b) represents the oil retention rate after freeze-thaw cycles in Examples 1-4; Detailed Implementation
[0020] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the examples in the specification.
[0021] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0022] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.
[0023] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used in the embodiments of this invention are commercially available. See Table 1 for details.
[0024] Table 1
[0025] Example 1 This embodiment provides a method for preparing an oleogel with high oil retention and resistance to temperature changes, specifically as follows: (1) Weigh out β-sitosterol and propyl gallate, a phenolic substance, respectively. The molar ratio of β-sitosterol to propyl gallate is 5:5. Add 90wt% camellia seed oil and place in a clean and dry glass container to obtain a mixture.
[0026] (2) The mixture was magnetically stirred at 400 rpm for 60 min at 90 °C until β-sitosterol and phenols were completely dissolved in the camellia seed oil; then it was allowed to stand at room temperature of 20 °C for 48 h to obtain β-sitosterol / phenol oleogel S5P5.
[0027] Comparative Example 1 The difference from Example 1 is that propyl gallate is replaced with eugenol in step (1), otherwise it is the same as Example 1.
[0028] Comparative Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is that in step (1), propyl gallate is replaced with thymol, otherwise it is the same as Example 1.
[0029] Comparative Example 3 The difference from Example 1 is that propyl gallate is replaced with carvacrol in step (1), otherwise it is the same as Example 1.
[0030] Comparative Example 4 The difference from Example 1 is that in step (1), propyl gallate is replaced with resveratrol, otherwise it is the same as Example 1.
[0031] Comparative Example 5 The difference from Example 1 is that the molar ratio of β-sitosterol to propyl gallate in step (1) is 0:10, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.
[0032] Comparative Example 6 The difference from Example 1 is that the molar ratio of β-sitosterol to propyl gallate in step (1) is 8:2, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.
[0033] Comparative Example 7 The difference from Example 1 is that the molar ratio of β-sitosterol to propyl gallate in step (1) is 10:0, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.
[0034] Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is that in step (1), the molar ratio of β-sitosterol to propyl gallate is 2:8, while the rest is the same as in Example 1, resulting in S2P8.
[0035] Example 3 The difference from Example 1 is that in step (1), the molar ratio of β-sitosterol to propyl gallate is 4:6, while the rest is the same as in Example 1, resulting in S4P6.
[0036] Example 4 The difference from Example 1 is that in step (1), the molar ratio of β-sitosterol to propyl gallate is 6:4, while the rest is the same as in Example 1, resulting in S6P4.
[0037] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the inverted appearance of oleogels made of β-sitosterol and different phenols is as follows: (a) Eugenol, (b) containing propyl gallate, (c) Thymol, (d) containing carvacrol, (e) containing resveratrol, (f) Summary of gel formation: √ indicates stable gel, × indicates gel with precipitation.
[0038] Of the five selected phenolic compounds, only propyl gallate and β-sitosterol could form stable oleogels within a specific molar ratio range. The other phenolic compounds combined with β-sitosterol did not exhibit a gel state at any of the tested ratios. Specifically, when the molar ratio of β-sitosterol to propyl gallate was 2:8, 4:6, 5:5, and 6:4, the system did not exhibit flow during the inverted test at room temperature, confirming a stable oleogel structure. Therefore, gallic acid was chosen as a gelling agent in conjunction with β-sitosterol. For ease of description, the oleogels prepared at the above four ratios were labeled S2P8, S4P6, S5P5, and S6P4, respectively.
[0039] Example 5 Rheological behavior of β-sitosterol / propyl gallate oleogel All oleogel rheological measurements for Examples 1-4 were performed using a DHR-3 rheometer with parallel plates (40 mm diameter, 1 mm gap). Experiments were conducted in an LVR, with frequency sweep tests performed at 25°C, a strain of 0.1%, and a frequency range of 0.1-10 Hz. The results were obtained using a low shear rate (0.1 s⁻¹). -1 ) and high shear rate (10s) -1 Alternating cycles (first phase 300s, shear rate 0.1s) -1 The second phase lasts 10 seconds. -1 The shear rate was 300 s, and the third stage was 0.1 s. -1 The thixotropic behavior was further measured by a three-stage thixotropic test (3ITT) at a shear rate of 300 s. The structural recovery rate was calculated by considering that the storage modulus (G′) at the end of the first stage was 100% and comparing it with the peak G′ value of the final stage.
[0040] like Figure 2 As shown in (a), the storage modulus (G′) of all samples is higher than the loss modulus (G′′), indicating that the system has formed a stable solid gel state dominated by elastic behavior. The structural reversibility of the gel network was further evaluated using thixotropic recovery experiments. Figure 2 As shown in (b), after the three-step shear test, all samples exhibited a certain degree of structural recovery ability, with thixotropic recovery rates as follows: S2P8 (26.41%), S4P6 (46.24%), S5P5 (49.47%), and S6P4 (38.48%). Among them, S5P5 showed the highest recovery rate, indicating that the gel network possesses optimal self-healing and structural reversibility at this formulation.
[0041] Example 6 Oil holding capacity (OBC) of β-sitosterol / propyl gallate oleogel Weigh approximately 1 g of gel oil into a clean 1.5 mL centrifuge tube, and then centrifuge at 10,000 rpm for 20 min. After centrifugation, pour the excess oil onto a paper cloth and measure the weight of the remaining gel oil. The oil holding capacity is calculated using equation (1).
[0042] OBC (%) = (m1-m) - (m2-m) / m1-m (1).
[0043] Where m1 is the mass of the initial sample and centrifuge tube, m2 is the mass of the sample and centrifuge tube after removing excess oil, and m is the mass of the centrifuge tube.
[0044] like Figure 3As shown, all oleogel samples exhibited good oil retention capacity, with oil retention rates of S2P8 (84.04%), S4P6 (97.44%), S5P5 (98.2%), and S6P4 (97.45%), respectively. This result indicates that, under the specified ratio, β-sitosterol and propyl gallate synergistically form a stable three-dimensional network structure, effectively encapsulating and immobilizing the oil phase, thus achieving excellent gelation.
[0045] Example 7 Texture of β-sitosterol / propyl gallate oleogel The textural properties of camellia oil-based oleoglucon were tested using a TA-XT property analyzer. A P5 probe was used with a pre-test velocity of 1 mm / s, a test velocity of 5 mm / s, and a post-test velocity of 5 mm / s. The trigger stress was 5 g. The hardness of the camellia oil-based oleoglucon was obtained as the maximum force obtained during the first compression.
[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, the hardness values of oleogels with different ratios are as follows: S5P5 (8.62 N) > S4P6 (5.53 N) > S6P4 (2.77 N) > S2P8 (0.38 N). This indicates that S5P5 and S4P6 have significantly higher hardness, while S2P8 and S6P4 have relatively lower hardness. These results suggest that the ratio of β-sitosterol to propyl gallate significantly affects the structural strength of the gel network, with equal or near-equal ratios more likely to form a stronger three-dimensional gel structure.
[0047] Example 8 Thermal stability of β-sitosterol / propyl gallate oleogel The oleogel was heated in a water bath at 80°C for 20 min, then rapidly cooled to 25°C, and its oil retention was evaluated. The oil retention was calculated using equation (1).
[0048] After being heated and then cooled, the samples in Examples 1-4 showed almost no change in appearance compared to the samples before heating. Figure 4 a), and the OBC measurements showed no significant difference ( Figure 4 (b) exhibits good stability.
[0049] Example 9 Freeze-thaw stability of β-sitosterol / propyl gallate oleogel Freeze-thaw stability test: The oleogel was placed at alternating temperatures of -80℃ (12h) and 25℃ (12h) for three consecutive cycles, and its oil retention was evaluated. The oil retention was calculated by equation (1).
[0050] After three freeze-thaw cycles, the appearance of each oleogel sample remained basically unchanged. Figure 5a), its OBC was not significantly different from that of the untreated sample ( Figure 5 (b) This indicates good freeze-thaw stability. This suggests that the composite gelling agent formed by β-sitosterol and propyl gallate can effectively strengthen the three-dimensional network structure, thereby significantly improving the oleogel's resistance to ice crystal destruction and effectively inhibiting the aggregation and precipitation of the oil phase during freeze-thaw processes.
[0051] Table 2 Oil retention rates of Examples 1-4 after heating and three freeze-thaw cycles.
[0052] Table 2 shows the oil retention rates of Examples 1-4 after heating and three freeze-thaw cycles. As can be seen from Table 2, their OBCs did not change significantly compared to before treatment, indicating that Examples 1-4 possess good thermal and freeze-thaw stability. Among them, S5P5 exhibited the best resistance to temperature changes.
[0053] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for preparing an oleogel with high oil retention and resistance to temperature changes, characterized in that: This includes dissolving a gelling agent in a base oil, dispersing it under magnetic heating, and then cooling it to obtain an oleogel. The gelling factor is composed of β-sitosterol and propyl gallate, and the molar ratio of β-sitosterol to propyl gallate in the gelling factor is 2~6:4~8.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The molar ratio of β-sitosterol to propyl gallate in the gelling agent is 2~5:4~7.
3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of gelling agent to base oil in the oleogel is 1~2:8~9.
4. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The molar ratio of β-sitosterol to propyl gallate in the gelling agent is 5:
5.
5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mass ratio of gelling agent to base oil in the oleogel is 1:
9.
6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base oil is camellia seed oil.
7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dispersion speed is 400 rpm, the dispersion time is 40~60 min, and the dispersion temperature is 80~90℃.
8. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dispersion time is 60 minutes and the dispersion temperature is 90°C.
9. An oleogel with high oil retention and resistance to temperature changes prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The oleogel with high oil retention and resistance to temperature changes as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The thixotropic recovery rate of the oil gel with high oil retention and resistance to temperature changes is 26.41~49.47%, and the oil retention rate is 84.04~98.2%.