Pusher feeder

Abstract

This invention proposes a pusher feeder, characterized by: a body with a hydraulic cylinder piston chamber at one end, housing a hydraulic cylinder sleeve piston pusher within the chamber; a hopper located at the upper middle section of the body; and a conical funnel-shaped waste fuel channel at the other end, with multiple adjusting screws on three sides of the funnel opening; and a pusher roller guide rail at the bottom of the body, equipped with a sleeve piston stroke switch, allowing for automatic hydraulic cylinder control by adjusting the piston stroke. To prevent large fuel particles from shearing and jamming the piston during operation, this invention designs the cross-sectional area of ​​the feed piston sleeve pusher to be much smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the funnel opening of the feed channel. The principle of pushing the waste fuel is similar to that of using a wooden stick to push grass fuel into a traditional stove for combustion; therefore, this invention is entitled "Pusher Feeder."

Description

Technical fields:

[0001] Mechanical and hydraulic feeding technologies are widely used in many industries, including municipal solid waste transport vehicles, related processing facilities, and grate furnace waste incineration power generation. Background technology:

[0002] In municipal solid waste incineration power generation facilities using grate furnaces, hydraulic feeding technology is commonly used. This technology is solely for the process of pushing municipal solid waste into the furnace. The furnace body of a grate furnace is under negative pressure, and its associated hydraulic feeding mechanism only needs to push the waste into the incinerator; there are no strict requirements for sealing technology. However, for other furnace types with positive pressure, the hydraulic feeding process not only needs to push the waste into the furnace but also needs to meet sealing requirements. Otherwise, flue gas inside the furnace will escape from the port of the hydraulic feeding mechanism, causing the entire facility to malfunction.

[0003] Both of Li Gang's applications involve hydraulic feeders and "garbage-fired incinerators." One application, titled "Garbage-Fired Technology Equipment Process Device," has the application number 2022100517506; the other, titled "Garbage-Fired Thermal Power," has the application number 202410126723X. The hydraulic feeders in both projects do not push raw municipal solid waste, but rather fuel extracted from it (referred to as "garbage-fired fuel"). During experiments, technical difficulties were discovered when the hydraulic feeder pushed the "garbage-fired fuel" into the incinerator: if the hydraulic mechanism pushed the fuel smoothly, flue gas from the incinerator would escape from the feed hopper through the hydraulic feeder channel; if sealing was achieved by reducing the piston stroke ratio of the hydraulic feeder to increase the fuel channel length to prevent backflow of flue gas, the channel was prone to blockage.

[0004] The applicant's experimental parameters were: cylinder diameter 100mm, pressure 140 kg / cm², total cylinder thrust 10 tons; fuel channel width 350mm, height 250mm for the hydraulic feeding mechanism. During the experiment, the pressure exerted on the "waste-based fuel" within the hydraulic feeding mechanism's channel was 11.43 kg / cm². 2 That is, 114.3 tons / m 2Ultimately, a blockage occurred in the feed channel. The hydraulic cylinders were unable to push the fuel layer by layer within the channel, and the "waste fuel" eventually blocked the feed hopper. After this malfunction occurred, the machine had to be shut down, and a barbed tool had to be made to manually remove the "waste fuel" from the channel. It took two workers a day to complete the cleanup. The root cause of the malfunction was the radial expansion of the "waste fuel" under pressure within the hydraulic feeder channel, creating enormous friction against the channel walls. Furthermore, the experiment revealed that if the cross-sectional area of ​​the hydraulic cylinder sleeve pusher and the feed channel were designed using conventional piston technology, shear resistance would occur between the piston and the feed inlet during operation. This was especially problematic when the fuel being pushed contained large pieces of rubber, tires, or other materials, easily causing the pusher piston to jam during the shearing process.

[0005] The aforementioned "waste-based fuel" is extracted by the applicant's invention of a waste polymer dry washing fertilizer separation screen. The relevant patents are: Patent No. ZL201210062363.9, Invention Title: Environmentally Friendly Waste Polymer Dry Washing Fertilizer Separation Screen; Patent No. ZL201110293698.7, Invention Title: Environmentally Friendly Waste Polymer Internal Rotary Separation Screen. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes a pusher feeder, characterized by: a body comprising a hydraulic cylinder piston chamber at one end, housing a hydraulic cylinder sleeve piston pusher within the chamber; a hopper located at the upper middle section of the body; and a conical funnel-shaped waste fuel channel at the other end, with multiple adjusting screws on three sides of the funnel opening; and a pusher roller guide rail at the bottom of the body, equipped with a sleeve piston travel switch, allowing for automatic hydraulic cylinder control through piston travel adjustment. To prevent large fuel particles from shearing and jamming the piston during operation, this invention designs the cross-sectional area of ​​the feed piston sleeve pusher to be significantly smaller than the funnel opening of the feed channel. The principle of pushing the waste fuel is similar to that of using a wooden stick to push straw fuel into a traditional stove for combustion; therefore, this invention is titled "Pusher Feeder." The pusher feeder is equipped with a hydraulic pump station for hydraulic power control. Attached Figure Description

[0007] Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention, wherein... Figure 2 Used as a diagram in the abstract. Detailed Implementation

[0008] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments; embodiments, referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 This is a top view of the pusher feeder of the present invention application. Figure 2 It is a side view. Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the sliding rollers of the pusher. The pusher feeder of this invention is characterized by: a machine body 1.0, a discharge port 1.51 at the front end of the pusher feeder, and a connecting flange 1.52 for the waste incinerator at the discharge port 1.51. To prevent blockage of the fuel channel 1.5, the fuel channel 1.5 is designed as a conical flared shape. The bottom of the fuel channel 1.5 has no taper, while the sides and top have a 5-degree taper. If the taper of the flared opening of the fuel channel 1.5 is too small, the entire facility will need to be redesigned if blockage occurs. Therefore, this invention applies to increase the taper of the flared opening of the fuel channel 1.5. To prevent the taper of the flared opening of the fuel channel 1.5 from being too large and affecting the sealing function of the fuel channel, the two sides near the discharge port 1.51... Multiple adjusting screws 1.53 are provided on the sides and top. A machine body 1.0 has a material inlet 1.4 in the middle. A conical hopper 1.3 is located above the material inlet 1.4. A hydraulic cylinder sleeve pusher piston chamber 1.2 is located at the rear of the machine body 1.0. A flange port 1.21 is located at the tail end of chamber 1.2, and multiple screws connect and fix the chamber flange end cover 2.2. A pusher 2.0 is located inside chamber 1.2. A connecting roller assembly screw 2.1 is located at the front end of pusher 2.0. A roller assembly 2.4 is located at the lower front end of pusher 2.0. Forklift rollers 2.5 are used on both sides of the tail end of pusher. A clearance adjustment friction slipper 2.01 is located above the tail rollers 2.5 of pusher. A cylinder connecting pin protrusion is located inside the front end of pusher 2.0. Flange 2.02, the front part of the cylinder 2.3 has a cylinder rod pin connecting flange 2.02, the rear port of the compartment 1.2 is provided with a flange end cover 2.2, the end cover 2.2 is provided with a cylinder connecting pin flange 2.22, the rear pin flange of the cylinder 2.3 is connected to the hydraulic pump station 3.0 hydraulic distributor. In order to prevent the resistance of shearing fuel between the piston and the fuel channel inlet above the conventional piston technology, this invention adopts the technology of reducing the piston cross-sectional area pusher. The upper edge height of the small opening 1.41 of the conical horn of the fuel channel 1.5 is 100mm-200mm higher than the upper height of the pusher 2.0. There is also a 20mm gap between the two sides of the pusher 2.0 and the inner walls of the hopper 1.4. With a 50mm gap, the pusher's stroke requires stable guidance. Therefore, this invention employs a forklift guide rail technique at the lower part of the machine body 1.0, featuring double guide rails 2.6. The double guide rails 2.6 are made of forklift mast-thickened channel steel. Since the middle part of the guide double roller assembly 2.4 is connected and fixed to the lower front end of the pusher 2.0 with large bolts 2.1, a travel groove for the pusher's stroke needs to be provided in the lower middle part of the machine body 1.0. To prevent material leakage from the lower part of the pusher feeder's slide, the travel groove of the pusher 2.0 cannot be too wide. A single M39 high-strength large bolt 2.1 is used to connect the roller assembly 2.4. The minimum travel groove at the lower part of the pusher feeder's body is 60mm. The lower front end of the pusher 2.0 is connected to the roller assembly 2.4. Similar to the technology of an aircraft's nose landing gear, the difference is that the roller assembly 2.4 is fixed and does not retract. Aircraft landing gear wheels travel on the runway, while the pusher's double rollers 2.41 reciprocate within the double rails 2.6. The mechanism of the roller assembly 2.4 adopts the compact technology of an aircraft's nose wheel. The wheelbase between the two rollers of 2.41 determines the compact design width of the double rails 2.6. The effective working length of the double rails 2.6 is equal to the effective stroke length of the hydraulic cylinder 2.3. The hydraulic cylinder 2.3 and the pusher 2.0 are linked together. The distance the pusher 2.0 pushes fuel is equal to the length of the fuselage feed inlet 1.4 plus the 800mm distance the pusher 2.0 travels into the 1.5 fuel channel. The lower rear sides of the pusher 2.0... The two recessed rollers 2.5 adopt forklift rollers and installation techniques. A clearance adjustment friction slipper 2.01 is provided at the upper end of the pusher's tail to ensure clearance between the pusher's tail end and the working stroke sides of the compartment 1.2. The entire load-bearing working stroke of the pusher 2.0 is a rolling friction motion, reducing the pusher 2.0's working fuel resistance and machine wear, and facilitating roller replacement and maintenance. To save materials and ensure the effective length of the pusher 2.0, the front end of the pusher is connected to the roller assembly 2.4 by a single large bolt 2.1. To prevent the roller assembly 2.4 from rotating, a positioning pin 2.42 is provided at the connection between the roller assembly 2.4 and the pusher. A hydraulic solenoid valve distributor signal limit switch 2.61 is located at the rear end of the double rail 2.6. The front end is equipped with a hydraulic solenoid valve distributor signal limit switch 2.62, which is locked in an adjustable position on a double track. The hydraulic cylinder 2.3, linked to the feeder 2.0, pushes the fuel in the hopper inlet 1.4 through the channel 1.5 into the waste incinerator. This ensures that the flue gas in the waste incinerator does not backflow out of the fuel channel 1.5, while also ensuring the minimum load energy-saving thrust of the cylinder 2.3. The position of the limit signal switch 2.62 is adjusted to control the travel distance of the feeder 2.0's front end into the fuel channel 1.5. The length of the fuel channel 1.5 is designed according to the application scenario and model size of the feeder, with a minimum range of 1300mm. This 1300mm is used for the maximum travel distance of 800mm of the feeder 2.0's front end into the fuel channel 1.5. The remaining 500m² space is used for fuel stacking with an interference fit and cylindrical self-sealing. During operation, the pusher feeder of this invention adjusts the stroke signal switch 2.62 to control the stroke of the pusher 2.0 according to the fuel properties, and adjusts the depth of the vertical radial insertion of screw 1.53 into the fuel channel 1.5 to control the sealing degree of the discharge port 1.51, achieving a sealed environment in the waste gas furnace to prevent backflow of flue gas. This also achieves the energy-saving effect of the hydraulic gauge displaying the minimum pressure load value. The hydraulic pump station 3.0 is existing technology, providing hydraulic power and operation control for the hydraulic cylinder 2.3. This invention utilizes existing technologies such as the hydraulic pump station 3.0, hydraulic cylinder 2.3, and signal stroke switches 2.61 and 2.62 to fully achieve and advance the automation level of the feeder.

Claims

1. A pusher feeder, characterized in that: The aforementioned pusher feeder has a body (1.0) and a discharge port (1.51) at the front end. The discharge port (1.51) is equipped with a flange plate 1.52 for connecting to the waste incinerator. To prevent blockage of the fuel channel (1.5), the fuel channel (1.5) is designed as a conical horn shape. The bottom of the fuel channel (1.5) is not tapered, but the sides and top are tapered by 5 degrees. If the horn taper of the fuel channel (1.5) is too small, the entire facility will need to be redesigned if blockage occurs. Therefore, this invention applies to increase the taper of the horn of the fuel channel (1.5). To prevent the horn taper of the fuel channel (1.5) from being too large and affecting the sealing function of the fuel channel, the sides and top near the discharge port (1.51) are provided with... Multiple adjusting screws (1.53), a machine body hopper inlet (1.4) is provided in the middle of the machine body (1.0), a conical hopper (1.3) is provided above the machine body hopper inlet (1.4), a hydraulic cylinder sleeve pusher piston chamber (1.2) is provided at the rear of the machine body (1.0), a flange port (1.21) is provided at the rear end of the chamber (1.2), and multiple screws are used to connect and fix the chamber flange end cover (2.2). A pusher (2.0) is provided inside the chamber (1.2), a roller assembly connecting screw 2.1 is provided at the front end of the pusher (2.0), a roller assembly (2.4) is provided at the lower part of the front end of the pusher (2.0), forklift rollers (2.5) are used on both sides of the tail of the pusher, and a clearance adjustment friction is provided above the tail rollers (2.5). The sliding shoe block (2.01), the front end of the pusher (2.0) is provided with a cylinder connecting pin flange 2.02, the front part of the cylinder 2.3 is provided with a cylinder rod pin flange connecting flange 2.02, the rear port of the compartment 1.2 is provided with a flange end cover 2.2, the end cover 2.2 is provided with a cylinder connecting pin flange (2.22), the rear pin flange of the cylinder (2.3) is provided with a connecting flange (2.22), the oil pipe of the cylinder (2.3) is connected to the hydraulic pump station (3.0) hydraulic distributor. In order to prevent the resistance of the piston and the fuel channel inlet above the conventional piston technology from shearing the fuel, the upper edge height of the small opening (1.41) of the conical horn mouth of the fuel channel (1.5) is 100mm-200mm higher than the upper height of the pusher (2.0). There is a gap of 20mm-50mm between the two sides of the pusher (2.0) and the inner walls of the hopper (1.4). The pusher needs stable guidance during its stroke. The lower part of the machine body (1.0) is equipped with double guide rails (2.6) using forklift guide rail technology. The material of the double guide rails (2.6) is thickened channel steel from a forklift mast. The middle part of the double roller assembly (2.4) is connected and fixed to the lower front part of the pusher (2.0) with large bolts (2.1). The middle lower part of the machine body (1.0) is provided with a stroke slide for the pusher. In order to prevent material leakage from the slide of the lower part of the pusher feeder, the stroke slide of the pusher (2.0) cannot be too wide. A single M39 large bolt (2.1) is used to connect the roller assembly (2.4).4) The minimum slide of the lower part of the pusher feeder body is 60mm. The lower front end of the pusher (2.0) is connected to the roller assembly (2.4) in a manner similar to that of the nose landing gear of an aircraft, except that it is fixed and not retracted. To prevent the roller assembly (2.4) from rotating, a positioning pin (2.42) is provided at the connection between the roller assembly (2.4) and the pusher. Two forklift rollers (2.5) are recessed on the lower part of the rear side of the pusher (2.0). The upper end of the tail of the pusher is provided with a clearance adjustment friction shoe (2.01) to ensure the clearance between the tail end of the pusher and the side travel movement of the compartment (1.2). The entire pusher (2.0) bears the... The heavy-duty working stroke is a rolling friction motion, which reduces the working resistance of the pusher (2.0) and the wear of the machine. It is convenient to replace the rollers for maintenance. The rear end of the double track (2.6) is equipped with a hydraulic solenoid valve distributor signal limit switch (2.61), and the front end of the double track (2.6) is equipped with a hydraulic solenoid valve distributor signal limit switch (2.62) that is locked in the adjustable position of the double track. The hydraulic cylinder (2.3) is linked to the pusher (2.0) to push the fuel in the feed inlet (1.4) of the hopper into the waste gas furnace through the channel (1.5), so that the flue gas in the waste gas furnace does not flow back out from the fuel channel (1.5), and the minimum load of the cylinder (2.3) is also guaranteed. Energy-saving thrust, adjust the position of the stroke signal switch (2.62) to control the stroke distance of the pusher head (2.0) entering the fuel channel (1.5). The length of the fuel channel (1.5) is designed according to the application scenario and model size of the pusher feeder. The fuel channel (1.5) is at least 1300mm long. This 1300mm is used for the maximum stroke of 800mm for the pusher head (2.0) entering the fuel channel (1.5). The remaining 500mm space is used for fuel accumulation with an interference fit and cylindrical self-sealing. During use, the pusher feeder adjusts the stroke signal switch according to the fuel properties. Switch (2.62) controls the stroke of the feeder (2.0), and adjusts the depth of the screw (1.53) vertically and radially protruding into the fuel channel (1.5), controlling the sealing degree of the discharge port (1.51) to achieve a sealed environment in the waste gas furnace that prevents flue gas from returning. This also achieves the energy-saving effect of displaying the minimum pressure load value on the hydraulic gauge of the hydraulic mechanism. The hydraulic pump station (3.0) is existing technology, providing hydraulic power and working control for the hydraulic cylinder (2.3). The aforementioned use of existing technology—hydraulic pump station (3.0), hydraulic cylinder (2.3), and signal limit switches (2.61, 2.62)—fully achieves the level of automation for the feeder.

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