Wave-resistant and erosion-resistant revetment structure for coral reef filling foundation and design method

Abstract

The application discloses a wave-preventing and erosion-resisting revetment structure for coral reef filling foundation and a design method, and relates to the technical field of coral reef revetment engineering.The application integrates four functions of wave-preventing, erosion-resisting, rainwater collecting and photovoltaic power generation, aims to solve the problems of single function of the existing revetment, easy erosion of the foundation, lack of fresh water resources and power supply, etc.The revetment is provided with a ladder type slope and a concave sawtooth wave-stopping structure on the sea side, and a cutoff wall is arranged at the lower part and embedded in the reef flat foundation, so that the wave-preventing and foundation erosion can be effectively inhibited.The photovoltaic power generation assembly is integrated on the top surface of the revetment, and the rainwater storage bin is arranged inside, rainwater is efficiently collected into the bin through the inclined driving lane, and the in-situ collection of fresh water and the reduction of concrete material consumption are realized.The application realizes the integration of disaster prevention and reduction, clean energy supply and rainwater resource utilization, and guarantees the long-term safe and stable operation of the island reef engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coral reef revetment engineering technology, and in particular to a wave-resistant and erosion-resistant revetment structure and design method for coral reef reclamation foundations. Background Technology

[0002] Coral reef revetment engineering is a crucial safety protection facility for the development and utilization of coral reefs in the open sea. Existing revetments are mostly vertical structures with flat surfaces, lacking effective wave-damping capabilities. This makes them prone to overtopping when large waves impact the revetment. The seawater and salt spray that cross the revetment cause the death of vegetation and trees on the island / reef land, and severely corrodes and damages engineering structures. The reef coastline foundation is constantly subjected to wave erosion, making it highly susceptible to erosion damage. Simultaneously, coral reef sand-filled foundations are characterized by uneven sand gradation and high porosity. Under the influence of groundwater seepage, fine-grained sand is easily migrated and lost, forming cavities within the foundation. This induces uneven settlement, collapse, and instability, ultimately leading to the overall destruction of the revetment structure and foundation, seriously threatening the long-term operational safety of coral reef and island engineering projects.

[0003] The coral islands and reefs in the open sea have a climate characterized by abundant sunshine and long hours of sunshine, and are rich in solar energy resources. However, the existing revetment structures have failed to make full use of the abundant solar energy resources of the islands and reefs. At the same time, the coral islands and reefs lack natural freshwater resources, and the existing revetment structures do not take into account the functions of rainwater collection and storage, which cannot meet the freshwater security needs of the islands and reefs in the open sea.

[0004] In addition, all existing coral reef revetment projects use imported sand and gravel aggregates to pour concrete. However, offshore coral reefs are far from the mainland, resulting in long transportation distances, high material transportation costs, and long construction periods. Furthermore, the existing revetment structure design does not consider functional integration, and the solid design with high material consumption significantly increases project investment. The independent construction of each engineering facility not only occupies scarce land resources on the islands and reefs but also leads to high operation and maintenance costs throughout the entire life cycle of the project. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a wave-resistant and erosion-resistant revetment structure and design method for coral reef reclamation foundations, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a wave-resistant and erosion-resistant revetment structure for coral reef reclamation foundations, comprising: The main body of the revetment is a stepped structure, which is laid on the reef flat foundation of the coral reef coast. The wave-proof module is a concave sawtooth wave-blocking structure, which is integrated into the upper seaward side of the main body of the revetment. The erosion-resistant module includes a stepped slope protection and a seepage-proof wall. The stepped slope protection is located on the lower part of the seaward side of the main body of the revetment, and the seepage-proof wall is located at the bottom of the main body of the revetment and buried below the reef flat foundation. A rainwater harvesting module, comprising a rainwater storage bin and a drainage system, wherein the rainwater storage bin is located inside the main body of the revetment, and the drainage system is used to introduce rainwater into the rainwater storage bin; A photovoltaic power generation module, comprising photovoltaic modules, which are laid on the surface of the revetment body.

[0007] Preferably, the stepped slope protection surface is provided with toothed protrusions, the toothed protrusions being acute-angled structures; the height of the concave sawtooth wave-blocking structure is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the total height of the main body of the revetment; the seepage barrier is a concrete structure, the seepage barrier being used to block the seepage path of fine-grained reef sand.

[0008] Preferably, the rainwater collection module further includes a runoff surface, which includes the surface of the photovoltaic module, the top slope of the revetment body, and the inclined driveway on the land side of the revetment; the drainage system includes a runoff channel, a guide pipe, and a water inlet, the water inlet being located at the lower part of the inclined driveway, and the water inlet being connected to the rainwater storage bin through the guide pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the photovoltaic power generation module further includes a photovoltaic support frame and a cleaning spray system. The photovoltaic support frame is fixedly connected to the main body of the revetment and is used to support the photovoltaic module. The cleaning spray system includes a spray pipe and spray nozzles. The spray pipe is connected to the rainwater storage tank and is used to transport the stored rainwater to the spray nozzles to clean the photovoltaic module.

[0010] Preferably, the revetment body, the stepped slope protection and the seepage prevention wall are all made of coral sand concrete, and the aggregate of the coral sand concrete includes locally sourced coral sand and reef blocks.

[0011] Preferably, the angle of the toothed protrusion is 60°, the height of the toothed protrusion is 0.2m to 0.3m, the length of the base is 0.1m to 0.2m, and the center distance between adjacent toothed protrusions is 2 to 3 times the length of the base.

[0012] Preferably, the lateral slope angle of the inclined driveway is 1° to 3°, its slope direction is towards the sea, and a water inlet cover is provided at the lower edge of its slope, the water inlet cover being connected to the rainwater collection bin.

[0013] Preferably, the inner wall of the rainwater collection chamber is provided with a waterproof and anti-corrosion layer, the effective water storage volume of the rainwater collection chamber is determined according to the average annual rainfall of the island and reef, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the rainwater collection chamber accounts for 40% to 60% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the main body of the revetment.

[0014] Preferably, the spray nozzles are installed at equal intervals on the spray pipe, with a spacing of 0.5m to 0.8m between the spray nozzles, and the fan-shaped spray areas of adjacent spray nozzles overlap by 10% to 20%, and the spray angle of the spray nozzles forms an angle of 30° to 45° with the surface of the photovoltaic module.

[0015] A design method for a wave-resistant and erosion-resistant revetment structure for coral reef reclamation foundations includes the following steps: Step 1: Conduct an engineering survey of the reef flat foundation of the coral reef island to determine the topography, foundation stratum structure and foundation bearing capacity parameters; collect meteorological and hydrological parameters of the island; Step 2: Based on the topographic features and hydrological parameters of the island and reef, design the total height and cross-sectional width of the main body of the revetment, and lay the main body of the revetment on the outer reef flat; Step 3: Conduct collaborative design of functional modules, including: designing the height of the concave sawtooth wave-breaking structure based on wave parameters; designing the tooth protrusion parameters of the stepped slope protection and the burial depth of the anti-seepage wall based on hydrodynamic conditions; designing the laying angle and spacing of photovoltaic modules based on the orientation of the revetment; and designing the volume of the rainwater storage bin and the slope angle of the inclined driveway based on the average annual rainfall and catchment area. Step 4: Using locally sourced coral sand and reef blocks from the islands and reefs as aggregates, design the mix proportions for coral sand concrete. Step 5: Perform integrated optimization of the spatial layout of the main revetment structure and its functional modules; Step 6: Design the on-site pouring and construction process based on the construction conditions of the offshore coral reefs and islands.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: This invention provides a wave-resistant and erosion-resistant revetment structure and design method for coral reef reclamation foundations. By integrating four major functions—wave resistance, erosion resistance, rainwater harvesting, and photovoltaic power generation—it fundamentally solves the problems of wave erosion and groundwater seepage leading to the loss of fine-grained sand and soil, causing foundation voids and instability. This significantly improves the long-term operational stability of the revetment structure and the island / reef foundation. By employing stepped slope protection and sawtooth-shaped anti-arc wave walls, it effectively reduces wave energy and suppresses wave intrusion, preventing the erosion and damage of the island / reef's terrestrial ecology and engineering facilities by the intruding seawater. Furthermore, by integrating photovoltaic power generation into the revetment structure itself… This photovoltaic power generation system is perfectly suited to the abundant sunshine of islands and reefs, requiring no additional land use and providing a stable supply of clean electricity. By integrating rainwater collection and storage functions, and utilizing an inclined driveway, it achieves efficient in-situ collection of rainwater runoff, reducing concrete usage. The internal water storage tank features a hollow design, effectively replacing the space that would otherwise be filled with solid concrete. This significantly reduces the use of expensive concrete materials and lowers the cost of transporting building materials, while alleviating the scarcity of freshwater resources on offshore coral reefs. It achieves the dual goals of resource acquisition and material conservation in the structure. This invention integrates multiple functions of revetment structure—foundation protection, freshwater collection, material conservation, and power supply—significantly reducing the land area and life-cycle maintenance costs of island and reef projects, and is suitable for the unique engineering construction conditions of offshore coral reefs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the revetment structure of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Main body of the revetment; 2. Stepped slope protection; 21. Toothed protrusion; 3. Concave sawtooth wave-breaking structure; 4. Impermeable wall; 5. Photovoltaic module; 51. Photovoltaic support; 52. Sprinkler pipeline; 53. Sprinkler nozzle; 6. Rainwater storage bin; 7. Inclined driveway; 71. Inlet cover; 81. Drainage channel; 82. Diversion pipe; 83. Water collection port. Detailed Implementation

[0020] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this invention can be combined with each other. The described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention. The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a wave-resistant and erosion-resistant revetment structure for coral reef reclamation foundations, comprising: Main body 1 of the revetment, which is a stepped structure, is laid on the reef flat foundation of the coral reef coast; The wave-proof module is a concave sawtooth wave-blocking structure 3, which is integrated and installed on the upper seaward side of the main body of the revetment 1. The anti-erosion module includes a stepped slope protection 2 and a seepage barrier 4. The stepped slope protection 2 is set at the lower part of the seaward side of the main body of the revetment 1, and the seepage barrier 4 is set at the bottom of the main body of the revetment 1 and buried below the reef flat foundation. The rainwater harvesting module includes a rainwater storage chamber 6 and a drainage system. The rainwater storage chamber 6 is located inside the main body of the revetment 1, and the drainage system is used to introduce rainwater into the rainwater storage chamber 6. A photovoltaic power generation module, comprising photovoltaic modules 5, is laid on the surface of the revetment body 1.

[0022] By integrating the above-mentioned main body of the revetment 1, the anti-overflowing wave module, the anti-erosion module, the rainwater collection module and the photovoltaic power generation module into a unified design, the technical problems of the existing revetment with single function, easy erosion of the foundation, and lack of freshwater resources and power supply can be solved, and the synergistic effect of structural safety, resource conservation and energy supply can be achieved.

[0023] Further optimization of the scheme: the surface of the stepped slope protection 2 is provided with toothed protrusions 21, which are acute-angled structures; the height of the concave sawtooth wave-blocking structure 3 is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the total height of the main body of the revetment 1; the anti-seepage wall 4 is a concrete structure, which is used to block the seepage path of fine-grained reef sand.

[0024] The toothed protrusions 21 on the surface of the stepped revetment 2 can dissipate wave energy through multiple physical stages, gradually reducing wave kinetic energy and effectively suppressing wave rise and overtopping. The concave sawtooth wave-blocking structure 3 can guide waves to refract and collide, further reducing wave energy. The seepage-proof wall 4 buried below the reef flat foundation can cut off the path of fine reef sand loss caused by groundwater seepage, preventing foundation erosion and void formation from the source and ensuring the long-term stability of the revetment structure.

[0025] Further optimizing the scheme, the rainwater harvesting module also includes a runoff surface, which includes the surface of the photovoltaic module 5, the sloping top surface of the revetment body 1, and the inclined driveway 7 on the land side of the revetment; the drainage system includes a runoff channel 81, a guide pipe 82, and a water inlet 83. The water inlet 83 is located at the low point of the inclined driveway 7, and the water inlet 83 is connected to the rainwater storage bin 6 through the guide pipe 82.

[0026] By using the surface of the photovoltaic module 5, the sloping top surface of the revetment body 1, and the inclined driveway 7 as the runoff surface, the contact area for rainwater collection is expanded, and the water collection efficiency is improved. By setting the water inlet 83 at the low point of the runoff surface and using the guide pipe 82 to collect the rainwater in the runoff channel 81 to the rainwater storage bin 6, the in-situ efficient collection of rainfall runoff can be achieved, solving the problem of freshwater scarcity on the islands and reefs.

[0027] Furthermore, the outlet of the drainage system is located in the middle of the steps on the land side of the revetment body 1, which facilitates the discharge of fresh water from the rainwater collection chamber 6.

[0028] The design has been further optimized. The manifold 81 has a U-shaped structure with anti-corrosion treatment on the surface. The guide pipe 82 is a PE anti-corrosion pipe with a diameter of 100mm to 150mm. A double-layer stainless steel filter screen with a pore size of 2mm to 5mm is installed at the water collection port 83. The filter screen can be disassembled, washed and replaced.

[0029] Further optimization of the scheme includes a photovoltaic support 51 and a cleaning spray system. The photovoltaic support 51 is fixedly connected to the main body of the revetment 1 to support the photovoltaic module 5. The cleaning spray system includes a spray pipe 52 and a spray nozzle 53. The spray pipe 52 is connected to the rainwater storage bin 6 to transport the stored rainwater to the spray nozzle 53 to clean the photovoltaic module 5.

[0030] By fixing the photovoltaic bracket 51 to the main body of the revetment 1, there is no need to build an additional support system, saving materials and land. By connecting the sprinkler pipe 52 to the rainwater storage tank 6, the collected rainwater can be used to clean the photovoltaic module 5 regularly, removing the salt and dust deposited on the surface, ensuring the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module 5, and realizing the secondary utilization of rainwater resources.

[0031] The design was further optimized so that the distance between the photovoltaic module 5 and the revetment is 0.2m to 0.3m to ensure the light-gathering efficiency and ventilation and heat dissipation of the photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module 5 is a salt spray corrosion resistant photovoltaic panel with a double-layer anti-corrosion coating on the surface; the spray pipe 52 is arranged horizontally along the top of the photovoltaic module array and is made of salt spray corrosion resistant UPVC or 316L stainless steel to adapt to the high salt and high humidity environment of the open sea.

[0032] The scheme was further optimized so that the main revetment 1, the stepped slope protection 2, and the seepage prevention wall 4 were all made of coral sand concrete. The aggregate of the coral sand concrete included locally sourced coral sand and reef blocks.

[0033] By using locally sourced coral sand and reef blocks as aggregates to pour coral sand concrete, the amount of sand and gravel aggregates transported from elsewhere can be greatly reduced, significantly lowering material transportation costs and project investment. At the same time, it realizes the reuse of waste resources, which is in line with the concept of green building.

[0034] Further optimization of the scheme: the angle of the toothed protrusion 21 is 60°, the height of the toothed protrusion 21 is 0.2m to 0.3m, the length of the bottom side is 0.1m to 0.2m, and the center distance between adjacent toothed protrusions 21 is 2 to 3 times the length of the bottom side.

[0035] By setting the angle of the toothed protrusions 21 to 60°, an optimal energy dissipation surface can be formed, causing waves to generate violent turbulence and collisions between the protrusions, thus dissipating wave energy to the maximum extent. By limiting the height, bottom edge length, and spacing of the toothed protrusions 21, the energy dissipation effect can be ensured while guaranteeing the overall stability of the structure and ease of construction.

[0036] Further optimization of the design: the lateral slope angle of the inclined driveway 7 is 1° to 3°, its slope direction is towards the sea, the surface is provided with an anti-slip and water-repellent layer, and a water inlet cover 71 is provided at the lower edge of its slope, which is connected to the rainwater collection bin 6. A curb is provided on the outside of the inclined driveway, which is about 5 to 10 cm higher than the road surface and foundation.

[0037] By setting the slope angle of the inclined driving lane 7 to 1° to 3°, the smooth flow of rainwater can be ensured without affecting the normal passage of vehicles. By setting the water inlet cover 71 at the lower edge of the slope and connecting it with the rainwater storage chamber 6, the rainwater collected at the lowest point can be efficiently introduced into the rainwater storage chamber 6, thereby improving the rainwater collection rate.

[0038] To further optimize the design, a curbstone is installed along the upper edge of the slope of the inclined driving lane 7 to prevent sand on the outside of the inclined driving lane 7 from being washed directly across the road surface and into the rainwater collection system by rainwater.

[0039] The scheme was further optimized. The inner wall of the rainwater collection chamber 6 is equipped with a waterproof and anti-corrosion layer. The effective water storage volume of the rainwater collection chamber 6 is determined according to the average annual rainfall of the island and reef. The cross-sectional area of ​​the rainwater collection chamber 6 accounts for 40% to 60% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the main body of the revetment 1.

[0040] By installing a waterproof and anti-corrosion layer on the inner wall of the rainwater collection chamber 6, which is an epoxy resin coating with a thickness of ≥0.5mm, water leakage and structural corrosion can be prevented, ensuring water storage quality and service life. By designing the cross-sectional area of ​​the rainwater collection chamber 6 to be 40% to 60% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the main revetment 1, sufficient water storage capacity is ensured while effectively replacing the volume of the original solid concrete, achieving the goal of saving materials and reducing consumption.

[0041] The scheme is further optimized so that the spray nozzles 53 are installed at equal intervals on the spray pipes 52, with a spacing of 0.5m to 0.8m between the spray nozzles 53, and the fan-shaped spray areas of adjacent spray nozzles 53 overlap by 10% to 20%, and the spray angle of the spray nozzles 53 forms an angle of 30° to 45° with the surface of the photovoltaic module 5.

[0042] By installing the spray nozzles 53 at equal intervals and setting overlapping spray areas, it is possible to ensure that the surface of the photovoltaic module 5 is covered without dead corners, achieving comprehensive cleaning. By making the spray angle of the spray nozzles 53 at an angle of 30° to 45° with the surface of the photovoltaic module 5, the coupling effect of water flow gravity and impact force can be used to efficiently remove stubborn stains such as salt scale and bird droppings deposited on the panel surface, improving the cleaning effect.

[0043] A design method for a wave-resistant and erosion-resistant revetment structure for coral reef reclamation foundations includes the following steps: Step 1: Conduct an engineering survey of the reef flat foundation of the coral reef island to determine the topography, foundation stratum structure and foundation bearing capacity parameters; collect meteorological and hydrological parameters of the island; Step 2: Based on the topographic features and hydrological parameters (such as wave and tide parameters) of the island and reef, design the total height and cross-sectional width of the main body of the revetment 1, and place the main body of the revetment 1 on the outer reef flat. Step 3: Conduct collaborative design of functional modules, including: designing the height of the concave sawtooth wave-blocking structure 3 according to wave parameters; designing the parameters of the toothed protrusions 21 of the stepped slope protection 2 and the burial depth of the anti-seepage wall 4 according to hydrodynamic conditions; designing the laying angle and spacing of the photovoltaic modules 5 according to the bank protection orientation; and designing the volume of the rainwater storage bin 6 and the slope angle of the inclined driveway 7 according to the average annual rainfall and catchment area. Step 4: Using locally sourced coral sand and reef blocks from the islands and reefs as aggregates, design the mix proportions for coral sand concrete. Step 5: Optimize the spatial layout of the main body of the revetment 1 and its various functional modules in an integrated manner; Step 6: Design the on-site pouring and construction process based on the construction conditions of the offshore coral reefs and islands.

[0044] The above design method allows for a systematic completion of the entire process of revetment structure construction, from surveying and design to construction. This ensures the coordinated operation of all functional modules, achieving a comprehensive goal of structural safety, functional integration, material conservation, and ease of construction. This method fully considers the unique geographical environment and resource conditions of islands and reefs, providing a design paradigm that can be referenced for similar projects.

[0045] The anti-overlapping and anti-erosion revetment structure for coral reef reclamation foundations provided by this invention, in its implementation, first determines the size and location of the main revetment 1 based on island and reef survey data, and then carries out modular construction. The stepped revetment 2 on the seaward side and its toothed protrusions 21 interact with waves, gradually consuming wave energy; the concave sawtooth wave-blocking structure 3 further weakens the remaining wave energy, effectively suppressing overlapping waves. The bottom impermeable wall 4 penetrates deep into the reef flat foundation, blocking underground seepage, preventing the loss of fine reef sand, and ensuring the long-term stability of the foundation. The rainwater collection chamber 6 set inside the main revetment 1 uses its hollow structure to replace solid concrete, significantly reducing the amount of concrete used while collecting rainwater. The inclined driveway 7 on the landward side and the photovoltaic modules 5 on the top surface of the revetment serve as rainwater collection surfaces, efficiently introducing rainwater into the rainwater collection chamber 6 through the collection channel 81 and the guide pipe 82. The collected freshwater can be used for irrigation of island and reef vegetation, and can also be used to clean photovoltaic modules 5 through sprinkler pipes 52 and sprinkler heads 53, ensuring their power generation efficiency. The photovoltaic modules 5 are laid on the revetment structure itself, making full use of the island and reef's abundant solar energy resources to provide clean electricity. The entire revetment structure is constructed using coral sand concrete with local coral sand and reef blocks as aggregates, reducing reliance on imported materials.

[0046] The revetment structure provided by this invention significantly improves the revetment's resistance to wave impact and foundation stability through the synergistic effect of the anti-overflow and anti-erosion modules. Secondly, the integrated rainwater harvesting and photovoltaic power generation modules achieve self-sufficiency in freshwater and electricity, reducing dependence on external resources. Thirdly, the hollow design of the rainwater storage chamber 6 and the use of local materials greatly reduce concrete usage and transportation costs. Fourthly, functional integration saves scarce land on islands and reefs, reducing life-cycle operation and maintenance costs. This invention provides a safe, green, and efficient comprehensive solution for the engineering construction of offshore coral reefs and islands.

[0047] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wave-resistant and erosion-resistant revetment structure for coral reef reclamation foundations, characterized in that, include: The main body of the revetment (1) is a stepped structure and is laid on the reef flat foundation of the coral reef coast. The anti-overlapping module is a concave sawtooth wave-blocking structure (3), which is integrated into the upper part of the seaward side of the main body of the revetment (1); The anti-erosion module includes a stepped slope protection (2) and a seepage barrier (4). The stepped slope protection (2) is located on the lower part of the seaward side of the main body of the revetment (1), and the seepage barrier (4) is located at the bottom of the main body of the revetment (1) and buried below the reef flat foundation. The rainwater collection module includes a rainwater storage tank (6) and a drainage system. The rainwater storage tank (6) is located inside the main body of the revetment (1), and the drainage system is used to introduce rainwater into the rainwater storage tank (6). A photovoltaic power generation module, comprising a photovoltaic module (5), wherein the photovoltaic module (5) is laid on the surface of the revetment body (1).

2. The wave-resistant and erosion-resistant revetment structure for coral reef reclamation foundations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stepped slope protection (2) has toothed protrusions (21) on its surface, and the toothed protrusions (21) are acute-angled structures; the height of the concave sawtooth wave-blocking structure (3) is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the total height of the main body of the revetment (1); the seepage barrier (4) is a concrete structure, and the seepage barrier (4) is used to block the seepage path of fine-grained reef sand.

3. The anti-overflow and anti-erosion revetment structure for coral reef reclamation foundations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rainwater collection module also includes a runoff surface, which includes the surface of the photovoltaic module (5), the top slope of the revetment body (1), and the inclined driveway (7) on the land side of the revetment; the drainage system includes a runoff channel (81), a guide pipe (82), and a water inlet (83). The water inlet (83) is located at the low point of the inclined driveway (7), and the water inlet (83) is connected to the rainwater storage bin (6) through the guide pipe (82).

4. The anti-overflow and anti-erosion revetment structure for coral reef reclamation foundations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic power generation module also includes a photovoltaic support (51) and a cleaning spray system. The photovoltaic support (51) is fixedly connected to the revetment body (1) and is used to support the photovoltaic module (5). The cleaning spray system includes a spray pipe (52) and a spray nozzle (53). The spray pipe (52) is connected to the rainwater storage bin (6) and is used to transport the stored rainwater to the spray nozzle (53) to clean the photovoltaic module (5).

5. The anti-overflow and anti-erosion revetment structure for coral reef reclamation foundations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main revetment (1), the stepped slope protection (2), and the seepage prevention wall (4) are all made of coral sand concrete, and the aggregate of the coral sand concrete includes locally sourced coral sand and reef blocks.

6. The wave-resistant and erosion-resistant revetment structure for coral reef reclamation foundations according to claim 2, characterized in that, The angle of the toothed protrusion (21) is 60°, the height of the toothed protrusion (21) is 0.2m to 0.3m, the length of the bottom side is 0.1m to 0.2m, and the center distance between adjacent toothed protrusions (21) is 2 to 3 times the length of the bottom side.

7. The wave-resistant and erosion-resistant revetment structure for coral reef reclamation foundations according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lateral slope angle of the inclined driveway (7) is 1° to 3°, and its slope direction is towards the sea. A water inlet cover (71) is provided at the lower edge of its slope, and the water inlet cover (71) is connected to the rainwater storage bin (6).

8. The wave-resistant and erosion-resistant revetment structure for coral reef reclamation foundations according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner wall of the rainwater collection chamber (6) is provided with a waterproof and anti-corrosion layer. The effective water storage volume of the rainwater collection chamber (6) is determined according to the average annual rainfall of the island and reef. The cross-sectional area of ​​the rainwater collection chamber (6) accounts for 40% to 60% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the main body of the revetment (1).

9. The wave-resistant and erosion-resistant revetment structure for coral reef reclamation foundations according to claim 4, characterized in that, The spray nozzles (53) are installed at equal intervals on the spray pipe (52). The spacing between the spray nozzles (53) is 0.5m to 0.8m, and the fan-shaped spray areas of adjacent spray nozzles (53) overlap by 10% to 20%. The spray angle of the spray nozzles (53) forms an angle of 30° to 45° with the surface of the photovoltaic module (5).

10. A design method for a wave-resistant and erosion-resistant revetment structure for coral reef reclamation foundations as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Conduct an engineering survey of the reef flat foundation of the coral reef island to determine the topography, foundation stratum structure and foundation bearing capacity parameters; collect meteorological and hydrological parameters of the island; Step 2: Based on the topographic features and hydrological parameters of the island and reef, design the total height and total width of the cross-section of the main body of the revetment (1), and place the main body of the revetment (1) on the outer reef flat; Step 3: Conduct collaborative design of functional modules, including: designing the height of the concave sawtooth wave-blocking structure (3) according to wave parameters; designing the toothed protrusion (21) parameters of the stepped slope protection (2) and the burial depth of the anti-seepage wall (4) according to hydrodynamic conditions; designing the laying angle and spacing of photovoltaic modules (5) according to the bank protection orientation; and designing the volume of the rainwater storage bin (6) and the slope angle of the inclined driveway (7) according to the average annual rainfall and catchment area. Step 4: Using locally sourced coral sand and reef blocks from the islands and reefs as aggregates, design the mix proportions for coral sand concrete. Step 5: Optimize the spatial layout of the main body (1) of the revetment and its functional modules in an integrated manner; Step 6: Design the on-site pouring and construction process based on the construction conditions of the offshore coral reefs and islands.

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