Industrial internet of things meteorological edge gateway based on shared memory mechanism and taking SoC as core

Abstract

The application discloses an industrial internet of things meteorological edge gateway based on a shared memory mechanism and taking an SoC as a core, which comprises an SoC, and is externally connected with an external high-speed running memory, an external high-speed flash memory, a weather station interface, an SD card interface and an Ethernet interface; the external high-speed running memory is used for running an operating system and various function processes, and a shared memory area is opened in the external high-speed running memory for mapping access of the multiple function processes; the multiple function processes comprise a MODBUS TCP server process, a MODBUS RTU master station acquisition process, a MODBUS RTU slave station process, an FTP file sharing process, a data recording process and a website service process. The application improves continuous operation capacity, improves data distribution efficiency and reduces influence on acquisition real-time performance, improves consistency of key data recording, facilitates historical data management and remote acquisition, and improves remote operation and maintenance and access control capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an industrial IoT meteorological edge gateway based on a shared memory mechanism and SoC. Background Technology

[0002] A weather station (or weather station cluster) typically consists of sensors for temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed and direction, precipitation, and radiation, as well as data acquisition terminals. These terminals generally output data via serial buses such as RS485 / RS232. To achieve data aggregation, protocol conversion, and uplink transmission, a meteorological data edge gateway is usually configured on-site to perform preliminary processing of the meteorological data and upload it to the cloud.

[0003] Most existing edge gateways use MCUs as the main controller and employ a single program (main loop + interrupt or RTOS task) to complete data acquisition, protocol conversion, storage and uplink transmission.

[0004] Traditional MCU weather gateways typically have a structure where the same executable program or a few tasks simultaneously handle functions such as "data acquisition, external communication, and storage." This high degree of coupling between functions leads to the following drawbacks: 1. Wide range of impact from faults: The acquisition, communication and storage logic are coupled, and any module failure can easily cause the entire system to shut down or reset, affecting continuous acquisition.

[0005] 2. Weak data sharing capabilities: Limited by resources and file system capabilities, it is difficult to form structured logs organized by time at a large scale and to share them remotely at the file level through standard protocols.

[0006] 3. Lack of efficient data distribution mechanism: The lack of operating system-level isolation and efficient inter-process communication mechanism makes it difficult to achieve the data distribution method of "collecting once and multiple external services reading in parallel", which can easily affect the real-time performance of data collection when external access increases.

[0007] 4. Limited operation and security capabilities: Weak external service port management, access control, and remote maintenance capabilities make it difficult to meet the long-term operation needs of industrial sites and external network access requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is: how to solve the problems of the prior art and provide an industrial IoT meteorological edge gateway based on a shared memory mechanism and SoC as the core.

[0009] To solve the above problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: An industrial IoT meteorological edge gateway based on a shared memory mechanism and SoC as its core includes a SoC, which is externally connected to external high-speed RAM, external high-speed flash storage, a weather station interface, an SD card interface, and an Ethernet interface. The external high-speed running memory is used to run the operating system and various functional processes, and a shared memory area is opened in the external high-speed running memory for multiple functional processes to map and access. Multiple functional processes include the MODBUS TCP server process, the MODBUS RTU master station acquisition process, the MODBUS RTU slave station process, the FTP file sharing process, the data logging process, and the website service process. The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: The daemon process is responsible for monitoring and managing the entire shared memory area and each child process; Step 2: The MODBUS RTU master station acquisition process actively connects to the external weather station cluster and writes the acquired meteorological data into shared memory in real time. Step 3: The MODBUS TCP server process, MODBUS RTU slave process, and website service process read and write data from shared memory in parallel to respond to user requests sent via the host computer or the Web, or to visualize the data. Step 4: The data recording process is independently responsible for persisting key historical data in memory into local data files, and further providing file sharing services to the outside world through an FTP server.

[0010] The weather station interface is connected to an RS485 / RS232 transceiver via a serial port controller, and is connected to the weather station terminal via an external RS485 / RS232 transceiver.

[0011] The Ethernet interface connects to the Ethernet MAC controller, which in turn connects to a host computer or industrial Ethernet switch via an external Ethernet physical layer chip and an RJ45 interface to form an uplink data communication channel.

[0012] It also includes a power supply architecture, specifically: after the external DC power supply is input, it generates main power rails of different voltage levels through multiple switching power supplies; among them, switching power supply 2 is connected to an LC filter, and after LC filtering, it forms the 3.3V power supply required by the baseboard peripherals, which is used to power Ethernet 3.3V and general peripherals; switching power supply 3 provides independent power supply for the baseboard USB host; switching power supply 1 is connected to a power management chip, which is responsible for the core computing and storage part, and uniformly completes the power-on timing and voltage regulation distribution, providing the required power for SoC, DDR running memory and eMMC flash memory.

[0013] MODBUS TCP server process and MODBUS RTU slave process: Accept control commands and configuration parameters sent by the user through the host computer via Ethernet or RS485 bus, and write them to the specified configuration area allocated in shared memory; MODBUS RTU master acquisition process: Reads the acquisition configuration parameters written by the MODBUS TCP server process and MODBUS RTU slave process in shared memory, starts acquiring raw data from the weather station cluster, and writes it to the specified data storage area in shared memory. Data recording process: Read the recording configuration parameters written by the MODBUS TCP server process and MODBUSRTU slave process in shared memory, read the raw data stored in the data area, preprocess it according to the configuration, and generate historical data log files; FTP file sharing process: The generated historical data log files are shared via Ethernet, allowing users to view and download them remotely; Website service process: still uses shared memory as the data storage bridge, integrating control commands, parameter configuration, and historical data display; Daemon process: Starts after the system's hardware and software initialization is complete, requests and creates a shared memory area, manages it and structures the data; starts all other functional subprocesses in a preset order or in a way that is manually controlled by the user.

[0014] The daemon periodically executes the following steps: 1. Read the process identifiers and expected running states of each child process from shared memory; 2. Call the process detection system provided by the operating system to check whether the target process identifier exists; 3. Determine whether the corresponding child process exited abnormally based on the system call return result; 4. If a child process is detected to be non-existent, its associated resources are released and the child process is recreated. At the same time, the process identifier and status fields in shared memory are updated.

[0015] The shared memory area is logically divided into two main parts: the "MODBUS register mapping area" and the "process-related parameter area." The MODBUS register mapping area carries the same register address space as the existing MCU gateway, enabling the Modbus TCP server process and the Modbus RTU slave process to read and write to the shared memory according to the predetermined register addresses, thus maintaining the host computer's protocol and register access habits. Within this register mapping area, it is further divided into several sub-areas based on their functions: First, a configuration parameter sub-area for the data recording process, used to store control switches, sampling / recording intervals, and the number of records; second, a Modbus RTU master station acquisition configuration parameter sub-area, used to store the number of weather stations, polling index, and communication parameter acquisition-side configuration; and third, a raw data acquisition sub-area, used to store the raw weather station data written by the Modbus RTU master station acquisition process and its corresponding station identifiers / index information, for the data recording process and Web service process to read and use.

[0016] A binary synchronization semaphore mechanism from inter-process communication is introduced to coordinate the access of writing and reading processes to shared memory: Data acquisition process: 1. Write all the data from this sampling to the data storage area in shared memory; 2. After writing is complete, a "data ready" notification is sent by setting the semaphore to 1; Data recording process: 1. Waiting for a semaphore value of 1; 2. Format and write the sampled data stored in shared memory to the log file; 3. Clear or consume the semaphore; 4. Prepare for the next round of data reading.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Improve continuous operation capability: By running Linux on the SoC and isolating the acquisition process, protocol service process, web process, and data recording process into independent processes, a daemon process monitors and performs a single-process restart when any functional process exits abnormally, thereby reducing the impact of single point of failure on the overall system and reducing the probability of acquisition task interruption.

[0018] 2. Improve data distribution efficiency and reduce the impact on real-time acquisition: Each functional process uses shared memory as its internal data path. The acquisition process writes the sampling results to the shared memory, and the external Modbus TCP / RTU and Web processes read from the shared memory concurrently, realizing "acquisition once, multi-channel concurrent use" and reducing the overhead of repeated acquisition and cross-process data copying.

[0019] 3. Improve the consistency of critical data recording: Introduce a synchronization mechanism (such as a binary semaphore) between the acquisition process and the data recording process to achieve mutual exclusion of reading and writing of single sampled data in the manner of "notifying after writing is completed, and reading and clearing after receiving the notification" to reduce the risk of dirty reads, data overwriting and data loss.

[0020] 4. Facilitates historical data management and remote access: The data recording process generates historical log files from the sampled data in shared memory according to a preset format, and stores them by date in conjunction with the file system (e.g., year / month / day directory). The files are then made available for download by a file sharing service (e.g., FTP), thereby supporting remote retrieval and auditing of historical data by time.

[0021] 5. Enhance remote operation and maintenance and access control capabilities: The gateway provides Modbus TCP, Web and other services to the outside world through Ethernet, and can set access control policies (such as whitelists and connection restrictions) for service ports to reduce the risks of unauthorized access and facilitate on-site operation and maintenance management. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a hardware schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 Power supply structure for edge gateways; Figure 3 A software architecture consisting of multiple processes and daemon processes. Figure 4 A block diagram illustrating the interaction between multi-functional processes and shared memory; Figure 5 This is a diagram of the shared memory region structure. Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the system's operational structure and data flow. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the industrial IoT meteorological edge gateway based on a shared memory mechanism and SoC as its core uses an inter-process communication mechanism to run functions such as data acquisition, external protocol services, and data recording as isolated functional processes, thereby decoupling data acquisition from external access functions and improving continuous operation capability and data distribution efficiency.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the industrial IoT meteorological edge gateway based on a shared memory mechanism and SoC as its core adopts a SoC-based structure in terms of hardware. The SoC integrates a CPU, memory controller, Ethernet controller, etc., and is externally connected to external high-speed RAM, external high-speed flash storage, weather station interface, SD card interface and Ethernet interface.

[0027] The external high-speed RAM is used to run the operating system and various functional processes. A shared memory area is allocated within the external high-speed RAM for multiple functional processes to access. External high-speed flash storage is used to store the system boot program and file system. An SD card interface connects to an SD card, which is used to store meteorological history log files generated by the data recording process, thereby expanding storage capacity and facilitating data backup and replacement.

[0028] Since the shared memory area is actually located in external high-speed running memory and is created and managed by the daemon process during power-on initialization, each business sub-process (acquisition process, recording process, Web / Modbus service process) only maps and reads / writes this physical memory area at the software level. Thus, based on the above hardware structure, a multi-process decoupled architecture based on shared memory and a hardware-software collaborative fault tolerance mechanism for daemon process monitoring and management of functional processes are realized.

[0029] The weather station interface is connected to an RS485 / RS232 transceiver via a serial port controller, and is connected to the weather station terminal via an external RS485 / RS232 transceiver to form a downlink acquisition bus.

[0030] An Ethernet interface connects to an Ethernet MAC controller, which in turn connects to a host computer or industrial Ethernet switch via an external Ethernet physical layer chip and an RJ45 interface, forming an uplink data communication channel. Through this hardware interface layout, the meteorological data acquisition process running on the SoC can acquire data via the RS485 bus, while the Web service and Modbus server provide external systems with the ability to view data, monitor status, and configure parameters via the Ethernet interface, achieving a physical layering of "downlink acquisition and uplink distribution."

[0031] like Figure 2As shown, this invention employs a hierarchical and domain-based power architecture for hardware power supply and interface power distribution. After external DC power is input, it generates main power rails of different voltage levels via multiple switching power supplies. Switching power supply 2 is connected to an LC filter, which, after filtering, forms the 3.3V power required by the baseboard peripherals, powering Ethernet 3.3V, general peripherals, and other chips. Switching power supply 3 provides independent power to the baseboard USB host to reduce the impact of peripheral hot-plugging or sudden load changes on the core system. Switching power supply 1 is connected to a power management chip, which is responsible for the core computing and storage sections, uniformly completing power-on timing and voltage regulation, providing the necessary power to the SoC, DDR RAM, and eMMC flash memory, and ensuring startup consistency. Simultaneously, a dedicated power supply branch is configured for the SD card to meet the power supply stability and protection requirements of pluggable storage media. The network interface section further separates the power supply of the Ethernet chip's RGMII I / O (e.g., 1.8V) from the 3.3V power supply of the Ethernet PHY / peripheral, and introduces an isolated Ethernet chip on the external network port side to achieve electrical isolation from the external industrial Ethernet, thereby improving the equipment's anti-interference capability and operational reliability in complex field environments.

[0032] To build a highly reliable software system, a Linux daemon process is introduced, and a multi-process architecture based on function is adopted. The edge gateway of this invention runs a Linux operating system, and functions such as data acquisition, external interaction services, data logging, and file sharing are set as independent functional processes; a daemon process is set up to create a shared memory area, start each functional process, and monitor its running status, so that only that process is restarted when a single functional process fails.

[0033] like Figure 3 The software architecture shown includes a multi-process + daemon process, comprising the MODBUS TCP server process, the MODBUS RTU master acquisition process, the MODBUS RTU slave process, the FTP file sharing process, the data recording process, and the website service process.

[0034] MODBUS TCP server process and MODBUS RTU slave process: Accept control commands and configuration parameters sent by the user through the host computer via Ethernet or RS485 bus, and write them to the specified configuration area allocated in shared memory.

[0035] MODBUS RTU master acquisition process: Reads the acquisition configuration parameters written in the above way (MODBUS TCP server process, MODBUS RTU slave process) into shared memory, starts acquiring raw data from the weather station cluster, and writes it to the specified data storage area in shared memory.

[0036] Data recording process: Read the record configuration parameters written in the above way (MODBUS TCP server process, MODBUSRTU slave process) in shared memory, read the raw data stored in the data area, preprocess it according to the configuration, and generate historical data log files.

[0037] FTP file sharing process: Shares the generated historical data log files via Ethernet, allowing users to remotely view and download them.

[0038] Website service process: It still uses shared memory as the data storage bridge, and provides a second interaction method to replace the host computer software of the original solution, integrating control commands, parameter configuration and historical data display.

[0039] The daemon process starts after the system's hardware and software initialization is complete. It requests and creates a shared memory region, manages it, and structures the data within it. It then starts all other functional subprocesses in a preset order or manually controlled by the user. When starting a subprocess, it stores the subprocess's process identifier and theoretical running state in the structured shared memory for subsequent continuous health checks. The daemon process periodically executes the following steps: Figure 4 As shown: 1. Read the process identifiers and expected running states of each child process from shared memory; 2. Call the process detection system provided by the operating system (e.g., call kill with an empty signal) to check if the target process identifier exists; 3. Determine whether the corresponding child process exited abnormally based on the system call return result; 4. If a child process is detected to be non-existent, its associated resources are released and the child process is recreated. At the same time, the process identifier and status fields in shared memory are updated.

[0040] It should be noted that the various functional processes interact with each other through a shared memory area. The data acquisition process writes meteorological data into the data area of ​​the shared memory, while the external service process and the data recording process read data from the shared memory, thus forming an internal data path that decouples acquisition and distribution.

[0041] To achieve protocol compatibility with existing MCU gateways, the same MODBUS register layout is used in shared memory, while process descriptor information for functional subprocesses is added.

[0042] like Figure 5As shown, the shared memory area is logically divided into two main parts: the "MODBUS register mapping area" and the "process-related parameter area." The MODBUS register mapping area carries the same register address space as the existing MCU gateway, enabling the Modbus TCP server process and the Modbus RTU slave process to read and write to the shared memory according to the predetermined register addresses, thus maintaining the host computer's protocol and register access habits unchanged. Within this register mapping area, it is further divided into several sub-areas according to their functions: First, a configuration parameter sub-area for the data recording process, used to store parameters such as data recording control switches, sampling / recording intervals, and the number of records; second, a Modbus RTU master station acquisition configuration parameter sub-area, used to store acquisition-side configurations such as the number of weather stations, polling index, and communication parameters; and third, a raw data acquisition sub-area, used to store the raw weather station data written by the Modbus RTU master station acquisition process and its corresponding station identifiers / index information, for the data recording process and Web service process to read and use. In addition to the aforementioned register mapping area, the shared memory area also includes a process-related parameter area to store process descriptor information (such as process identifier, theoretical running state, etc.) for each functional subprocess, enabling the daemon process to perform health checks, abnormal restarts, and state maintenance on each subprocess. Through this partitioning organization method, the shared memory achieves both compatible mapping with the existing Modbus register model and support for runtime state management and data distribution in a multi-process architecture.

[0043] Specifically, regarding the actual working mode of shared memory in an edge gateway system, such as Figure 6 As shown, the star topology with shared memory at its core is clearly demonstrated.

[0044] 1. The daemon process is responsible for monitoring and managing the entire shared memory area and all child processes; 2. The MODBUS RTU master station acquisition process actively connects to the external "weather station cluster" and writes the acquired meteorological data into shared memory in real time; 3. The MODBUS TCP server process, MODBUS RTU slave process, and WEB service processes read and write data from shared memory in parallel to respond to user requests sent through the host computer or the Web, or to visualize the data. 4. The data recording process is independently responsible for persisting key historical data in memory into local "data files" and further providing file sharing services to the outside world through an FTP server.

[0045] Although shared memory offers extremely high data transfer efficiency, it does not provide any synchronization mechanism. Just as... Figure 4In the demonstration, the typical data flow direction is that the data acquisition process collects data from the weather station and writes it unidirectionally into shared memory, with the data acquisition process playing the role of producer; the data recording process reads data unidirectionally from shared memory, processes it, and generates historical data log files, with the data recording process playing the role of consumer.

[0046] A binary synchronization semaphore mechanism from inter-process communication is introduced to coordinate the access of write processes (producers) and read processes (consumers) to shared memory.

[0047] Data acquisition process: 1. Write all the data from this sampling to the data storage area in shared memory; 2. After writing is complete, send a "data ready" notification by setting the semaphore to 1.

[0048] Data recording process: 1. Waiting for a semaphore value of 1; 2. Format and write the sampled data stored in shared memory to the log file; 3. Clear or consume the semaphore; 4. Prepare for the next round of data reading.

[0049] Ultimately, atomicity of read and write operations and decoupling of processes were achieved during a single sampling process. The write and read processes do not need to know each other's state, enabling asynchronous communication and improving system stability and scalability. This design not only achieves complete decoupling of data acquisition, human-computer interaction, and storage, but also ensures the robust operation of core data acquisition tasks even under heavy external data transmission or surges in web traffic.

[0050] Special note: For scenarios such as websites and external human-computer interaction services, the consistency requirements for single data sampling are not as strict as those for log file recording. Even if "partially updated" data is read by chance, it is acceptable in actual business. Therefore, locking is not mandatory. Only the strict consistency between the data recording process and the data collection process is guaranteed.

[0051] The SoC selected in this invention has the computing power to run a web server. The web process within the system reads current meteorological data through shared memory and provides parameter configuration and visualization services externally via HTTP / HTTPS protocols. This architecture solves the problem that traditional MCU-era devices must rely on proprietary host computer software for interaction and maintenance.

[0052] The gateway device also includes network access control functions, which are used to control access to the Modbus TCP port, Web port and maintenance port for external services; it allows access from preset source addresses based on a whitelist and restricts abnormal connections.

[0053] The core idea of ​​this invention lies in running meteorological data acquisition, external communication services, data recording, and file sharing functions as isolated execution units on a SoC / operating system platform. This is achieved through a shared data area / unified data source mechanism, enabling "acquisition once, distribution across multiple channels," thereby reducing functional coupling and improving continuous operation and data distribution efficiency. To prevent others from circumventing this by substituting implementation details, the following alternative implementation methods are proposed; all such alternatives, without deviating from the above core idea, should fall within the scope of this invention.

[0054] The core point of this invention is: 1. The SoC is the main controller and runs a Linux operating system. Data acquisition process, protocol service process (including Modbus TCP server and / or Modbus RTU slave), web service process, and data recording process are set up. Each process interacts with data through the same shared memory area, so that the acquisition process is only responsible for acquiring and writing to the shared memory, while other processes read from the shared memory and provide services to the outside world, thereby decoupling acquisition from external access.

[0055] 2. Daemon process management and fault tolerance mechanism for shared memory and functional processes: A daemon process is set up to create and initialize the shared memory area and record the process identifier and running status of each functional process; the daemon process periodically checks the liveness status of the functional processes. When any functional process is detected to have exited abnormally, only the corresponding functional process is restarted, and the shared memory area is not released, so as to reduce the impact of the restart process on the continuity of data collection.

[0056] 3. Data structured layout and compatible mapping of the shared memory area: The shared memory area includes at least a configuration area for storing acquisition configuration parameters, a data area for storing sampled data, a status area for storing process identifiers and running status, and / or a flag area for synchronization; wherein the configuration area and / or data area adopt a mapping layout corresponding to the Modbus registers so that the protocol service process can read and write shared memory data according to the predetermined register addresses.

[0057] 4. Synchronization between the acquisition process and the data recording process and the method for historical data fileization: After the acquisition process completes the writing of sampled data to shared memory, it outputs a "data ready" signal through a synchronization mechanism; after receiving the signal, the data recording process reads the sampled data in shared memory and generates a historical log file. The historical log file is stored in a hierarchical directory according to date and is provided for querying and downloading through a file sharing service.

[0058] 5. Migration mechanism compatible with existing MCU gateway protocols: Without changing the host computer interaction method, it maintains the same Modbus register mapping and message interaction as the existing system, so that the original system can be connected without modification. At the same time, it adds extended functions such as Web display, file sharing and access control on the gateway side.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the overall concept of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An industrial IoT meteorological edge gateway based on a shared memory mechanism and SoC as its core, characterized in that: This includes a SoC, which has external high-speed RAM, external high-speed flash storage, a weather station interface, an SD card interface, and an Ethernet interface. The external high-speed running memory is used to run the operating system and various functional processes, and a shared memory area is opened in the external high-speed running memory for multiple functional processes to map and access. Multiple functional processes include the MODBUS TCP server process, the MODBUS RTU master acquisition process, the MODBUS RTU slave process, the FTP file sharing process, the data logging process, and the website service process. The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: The daemon process is responsible for monitoring and managing the entire shared memory area and each child process; Step 2: The MODBUS RTU master station acquisition process actively connects to the external weather station cluster and writes the acquired meteorological data into shared memory in real time. Step 3: The MODBUS TCP server process, MODBUS RTU slave process, and website service process read and write data from shared memory in parallel to respond to user requests sent via the host computer or the Web, or to visualize the data. Step 4: The data recording process is independently responsible for persisting key historical data in memory into local data files, and further providing file sharing services to the outside world through an FTP server.

2. The industrial IoT meteorological edge gateway based on a shared memory mechanism and SoC as its core, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The weather station interface is connected to an RS485 / RS232 transceiver via a serial port controller, and is connected to the weather station terminal via an external RS485 / RS232 transceiver.

3. The industrial IoT meteorological edge gateway based on a shared memory mechanism and SoC as its core, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The Ethernet interface connects to the Ethernet MAC controller, which in turn connects to a host computer or industrial Ethernet switch via an external Ethernet physical layer chip and an RJ45 interface to form an uplink data communication channel.

4. The industrial IoT meteorological edge gateway based on a shared memory mechanism and SoC as its core, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: It also includes a power supply architecture, specifically: after the external DC power supply is input, it generates main power rails of different voltage levels through multiple switching power supplies; among them, switching power supply 2 is connected to an LC filter, and after LC filtering, it forms the 3.3V power supply required by the baseboard peripherals, which is used to power Ethernet 3.3V and general peripherals; switching power supply 3 provides independent power supply for the baseboard USB host; switching power supply 1 is connected to a power management chip, which is responsible for the core computing and storage part, and uniformly completes the power-on timing and voltage regulation distribution, providing the required power for SoC, DDR running memory and eMMC flash memory.

5. The industrial IoT meteorological edge gateway based on a shared memory mechanism and SoC as its core, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: MODBUS TCP server process and MODBUS RTU slave process: Accept control commands and configuration parameters sent by the user through the host computer via Ethernet or RS485 bus, and write them to the specified configuration area allocated in shared memory; MODBUS RTU master acquisition process: Reads the acquisition configuration parameters written by the MODBUS TCP server process and MODBUSRTU slave process in shared memory, starts acquiring raw data from the weather station cluster, and writes it to the specified data storage area in shared memory. Data recording process: Read the recording configuration parameters written by the MODBUS TCP server process and MODBUS RTU slave process in shared memory, read the raw data stored in the data area, preprocess it according to the configuration, and generate historical data log files; FTP file sharing process: The generated historical data log files are shared via Ethernet, allowing users to view and download them remotely; Website service process: still uses shared memory as the data storage bridge, integrating control commands, parameter configuration, and historical data display; Daemon process: Starts after the system's hardware and software initialization is complete, requests and creates a shared memory area, manages it and structures the data; starts all other functional subprocesses in a preset order or in a way that is manually controlled by the user.

6. The industrial IoT meteorological edge gateway based on a shared memory mechanism and SoC as its core, as described in claim 5, is characterized in that: The daemon periodically executes the following steps:

1. Read the process identifiers and expected running states of each child process from shared memory; 2. Call the process detection system provided by the operating system to check whether the target process identifier exists; 3. Determine whether the corresponding child process exited abnormally based on the system call return result; 4. If a child process is detected to be non-existent, its associated resources are released and the child process is recreated. At the same time, the process identifier and status fields in shared memory are updated.

7. The industrial IoT meteorological edge gateway based on a shared memory mechanism and SoC as its core, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The shared memory area is logically divided into two main parts: the "MODBUS register mapping area" and the "process-related parameter area." The MODBUS register mapping area carries the same register address space as the existing MCU gateway, enabling the Modbus TCP server process and the Modbus RTU slave process to read and write to the shared memory according to the predetermined register addresses, thus maintaining the host computer's protocol and register access habits. Within this register mapping area, it is further divided into several sub-areas based on their functions: First, a configuration parameter sub-area for the data recording process, used to store control switches, sampling / recording intervals, and the number of records; second, a Modbus RTU master station acquisition configuration parameter sub-area, used to store the number of weather stations, polling index, and communication parameter acquisition-side configuration; and third, a raw data acquisition sub-area, used to store the raw weather station data written by the Modbus RTU master station acquisition process and its corresponding station identifiers / index information, for the data recording process and Web service process to read and use.

8. The industrial IoT meteorological edge gateway based on a shared memory mechanism and SoC as its core, as described in claim 7, is characterized in that: A binary synchronization semaphore mechanism from inter-process communication is introduced to coordinate the access of writing and reading processes to shared memory: Data acquisition process:

1. Write all the data from this sampling to the data storage area in shared memory; 2. After writing is complete, a "data ready" notification is sent by setting the semaphore to 1; Data recording process:

1. Waiting for a semaphore value of 1; 2. Format and write the sampled data stored in shared memory to the log file; 3. Clear or consume the semaphore; 4. Prepare for the next round of data reading.

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