Land grading apparatus with conditioning function and grading method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of land consolidation and development technology, and in particular to a land leveling device and method with adjustable functions. The leveling method involves first determining a reference horizontal plane, then dividing the farmland into m*n blocks. The bucket passes through n rows of farmland sequentially along a first direction, recording the distances h1 to hn between the reference horizontal plane and the blade. Based on the data h1 to hn, the average distance h between the blade and the reference horizontal plane when in n rows of farmland is obtained. Δh is measured based on the soil volume in the bucket and the farmland area. (h-Δh) is the distance between the target leveling surface and the reference horizontal plane. The bucket height is adjusted to maintain the distance (h-Δh) between the blade and the reference horizontal plane. The process continues along a second direction, passing through m rows of farmland sequentially, completing the farmland leveling. The leveling method provided by this invention facilitates the determination of the target leveling surface and is more conducive to agricultural cultivation and irrigation drainage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of land consolidation and development technology, specifically to a land leveling device and method with adjustment function. Background Technology

[0002] Land leveling equipment is machinery used to level land surfaces. However, some land is uneven and has complex terrain. Before leveling this type of land, in order to reduce the operation of land leveling equipment, it is usually necessary to first determine the target flat surface of the land. The target flat surface is a specific plane that has been treated by engineering measures to meet the requirements of agricultural cultivation and irrigation drainage.

[0003] However, determining the target flat surface usually requires professional surveying, which is not only complex but also costly. Therefore, the current method for determining the target flat surface generally involves workers visually estimating the surface and adjusting the blades of the leveling equipment to the approximate height needed to level the land based on the visual assessment. Then, a traction device drags the leveling equipment to level the land.

[0004] Because the lowering height of the shovel blade is estimated, there may be a height difference between the final leveled surface and the target leveled surface after leveling. This can lead to the shovel blade lifting more or less soil during the leveling operation. Soil lifted by the shovel blade can accumulate in the bucket. When there is too much soil in the bucket, it not only increases the drag load on the traction equipment but also leaves a large amount of soil remaining in the bucket after leveling. Conversely, when there is too little soil in the bucket, it indicates that the shovel blade has penetrated the ground too shallowly, potentially making the land difficult to level. Therefore, when leveling land by visual estimation, multiple leveling operations are often required to achieve or approach the target leveled surface. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a land leveling device and method with adjustable function, which makes it easier to determine the target flat surface when leveling land, and is more conducive to agricultural cultivation and irrigation drainage.

[0006] The land leveling method of the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A land leveling method includes: Step 1: Determine the reference horizontal plane; Step 2: Divide the farmland into multiple columns along the first direction, and set them as the first column, the second column... the nth column in sequence. Divide the farmland into multiple rows along the second direction, and set them as the first row, the second row... the mth row in sequence. Step 3: Position the bucket in the first row of farmland, ensuring the bucket's cutting edge penetrates deep into the ground. Record the distance between the cutting edge and the reference horizontal plane. And by using traction equipment, the bucket is moved along the first row of farmland to complete the leveling of the first row of farmland; Step 4: Switch the bucket to the next row of farmland and repeat the operation of the bucket in the first row of farmland until the nth row of farmland is leveled and the data is recorded. to ; Step 5: Based on the recorded data to The average distance h between the blade and the reference horizontal plane when the blade is in multiple rows of farmland is obtained. Step 6: Obtain the height difference based on the volume of soil in the bucket and the total area of ​​the farmland. Define H=( H is the distance between the target flat surface and the reference horizontal plane; Step 7: Adjust and maintain the distance between the blade and the reference horizontal plane as H, and level the multiple rows of farmland in sequence along the second direction to complete the leveling of the entire farmland.

[0007] Furthermore, the width of the multiple rows of farmland and the width of the multiple rows of farmland are adapted to the width of the bucket.

[0008] Furthermore, when switching the bucket to different rows of farmland, the bucket is moved along the first direction to the farmland adjacent to the previous row of farmland, and then the depth of the blade into the underground of the farmland is adjusted.

[0009] A land leveling device with adjustable function, applied to the aforementioned land leveling method, includes a traction frame, a bucket, a leveling mechanism, and a moving mechanism. The bucket is hinged to the traction frame and a first telescopic cylinder is provided between the bucket and the traction frame. The leveling mechanism is located inside the bucket and has a movable lever. When the lever moves, it is configured to level the soil accumulated inside the bucket. The moving mechanism is hinged to the bucket and moves synchronously with the bucket. A second telescopic cylinder is provided between the moving mechanism and the bucket. The second telescopic cylinder cooperates with the first telescopic cylinder to adjust the angle of the bucket and the depth into the ground.

[0010] Furthermore, the leveling mechanism includes a leveling rod and a first drive cylinder. The first drive cylinder is installed on the side end of the bucket, the leveling rod is installed on the output rod of the first drive cylinder, and the lever is fixed on the leveling rod. The first drive cylinder is configured to push the leveling rod to reciprocate within the bucket.

[0011] Furthermore, a secondary bucket is slidably mounted on the bucket. There are two secondary buckets, which are respectively located near both ends of the bucket and are symmetrically arranged about the bucket. The leveling mechanism is set between the two auxiliary buckets. The leveling rod and the first drive cylinder are each provided in two sets. The two sets of first drive cylinders are respectively fixed on the corresponding sides of the two auxiliary buckets. The two leveling rods are respectively installed on the output rods of the two sets of first drive cylinders. The two leveling rods are staggered and there is a stacked area between the two leveling rods. The two leveling rods in the stacked area are in contact with each other. The bucket is equipped with a second drive cylinder for driving the auxiliary bucket to move along the length of the bucket.

[0012] Furthermore, one of the two auxiliary buckets is provided with a soil discharge hole, and a soil discharge groove is inserted into the soil discharge hole. The soil discharge groove is slidably disposed on the corresponding auxiliary bucket along the length direction parallel to the bucket. The soil discharge trough is open at one end inside the auxiliary bucket and at the bottom of the trough, and there is a gap between the soil discharge trough and the bottom of the auxiliary bucket. A linkage mechanism is provided between the two auxiliary buckets. The two auxiliary buckets drive the soil discharge trough to slide in their respective auxiliary buckets through the linkage mechanism. The linkage mechanism is configured such that the length of the soil discharge trough extending out of the soil discharge hole is positively correlated with the distance between the two auxiliary buckets.

[0013] Furthermore, the linkage mechanism includes a connecting rope, and a receiving wheel is provided on the auxiliary bucket where the soil discharge trough is located. One end of the connecting rope is connected to the auxiliary bucket away from the soil discharge trough, and the other end passes around the receiving wheel and is connected to the end of the soil discharge trough located inside the auxiliary bucket.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner wall of the soil discharge trough is provided with inclined rods that can reduce the amount of soil discharged from the secondary bucket.

[0015] Furthermore, the moving mechanism includes at least two moving wheels, which are hinged to the back of the bucket via a connecting frame. A fixed rod is fixed on the bucket away from the ground, and the two ends of the second telescopic cylinder are respectively hinged to the connecting frame and the fixed rod.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: In a land leveling method of the present invention, when the bucket passes through multiple rows of farmland in a first direction, the bucket can level the farmland to different depths and obtain the distance between the blade and the reference horizontal plane when the bucket passes through different rows of farmland, thus obtaining the average distance. At the same time, the height difference can be obtained based on the final accumulated soil volume in the bucket and the total area of ​​the farmland, and the distance between the target leveling surface and the reference horizontal plane can be obtained based on the height difference and the average distance. Finally, the distance between the blade and the reference horizontal plane is adjusted to be equal to the distance between the target leveling surface and the reference horizontal plane. With the final set distance, the bucket passes through multiple rows of farmland in a second direction to achieve the purpose of leveling the farmland. The method provided by this invention is applicable to a variety of land leveling equipment, and not only are the steps clear, but it also has a wider range of applications.

[0017] The present invention provides a land leveling device with adjustable function. The first telescopic cylinder can control the angle of the bucket, and the second telescopic cylinder can control the lifting and lowering of the bucket and the depth of penetration into the ground. After the bucket angle and blade depth are determined, the present invention is dragged by a traction device and moved in the farmland using the above-mentioned leveling method, so as to achieve the leveling of farmland by the present invention. During the leveling process, the lever in the leveling mechanism can move the soil pile that is located in the bucket and has a relatively high accumulation to the soil pile that has a relatively low accumulation, thereby making the soil pile height in the bucket more uniform and the load (soil) distribution in the bucket more uniform. This reduces the possibility of eccentricity or overturning when the traction equipment is dragging the bucket due to uneven load distribution in the bucket, thus improving the operational stability of the invention.

[0018] Furthermore, the retractable design of the two auxiliary buckets within the bucket allows the invention to be applied to farmland leveling work of varying widths, greatly expanding the scope of application of the invention. Secondly, the soil leveling mechanism is equipped with two sets of leveling rods and a first drive cylinder, which can accelerate the leveling of the soil pile in the bucket, thereby making the soil distribution in the bucket more uniform, further reducing the possibility of eccentricity or tipping during the operation of the invention, and further improving the operational stability of the invention.

[0019] Furthermore, the chute can discharge soil from the bucket to the outside of the bucket. Since the length of the chute extending out of the discharge hole is positively correlated with the distance between the two auxiliary buckets, the soil piles discharged into the farmland through the chute have a certain area and are arranged in a planar manner, instead of being piled up on the side of the auxiliary buckets in a linear manner. Furthermore, when the present invention passes over a pile of soil arranged in a planar pattern again, the soil pile, due to its large distribution area, is difficult to concentrate in a certain area of ​​the bucket when the bucket is scooped up. This makes the load distribution in the bucket of the present invention more uniform and improves the operational stability of the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an implementation of a land leveling method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a land leveling device with adjustable function provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the middle; Figure 4 A top view of a land leveling device with adjustable function provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the BB direction; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified structural diagram of section D in the middle; Figure 7 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the CC direction.

[0022] In the diagram: 100, reference horizontal plane; 200, traction device; 300, bucket; 310, mounting frame; 311, connecting rod; 312, first telescopic cylinder; 313, second drive cylinder; 314, fixed rod; 320, auxiliary bucket; 321, soil discharge hole; 400, traction frame; 500, soil leveling mechanism; 501, lever; 510, soil leveling rod; 511, sliding hole; 520, first drive cylinder; 600, moving mechanism; 610, moving wheel; 620, connecting frame; 700, second telescopic cylinder; 800, soil discharge trough; 810, sliding component; 820, diagonal bar; 901, connecting rope. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] The component designations used in this document, such as "first" and "second," are merely for distinguishing the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage" used in this invention, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). It should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0025] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that they are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a land leveling method, which requires the use of existing laser-controlled land leveling technology when implemented.

[0027] Laser-controlled leveling technology is a high-tech field involving multiple disciplines such as optics, electronics, mechanics, and hydraulics. It uses lasers as a non-visual control method to replace the visual judgment ability of leveling equipment operators, and achieves the purpose of leveling the land by hydraulically controlling the lifting height of the leveling machine.

[0028] The laser emitter in laser-controlled leveling technology can emit an extremely thin laser beam that can rotate 360°, thereby forming a spatial laser surface and providing a constant horizontal reference surface for the entire construction site.

[0029] It should be noted that this invention is mainly used in farmland leveling operations.

[0030] The land leveling method of the present invention includes the following steps: Step 1: Determine the reference horizontal plane 100. The spatial laser surface formed by laser-controlled leveling technology is the reference horizontal plane 100 in this invention.

[0031] Step 2: Divide the farmland into multiple columns along the first direction and set them as the first column, the second column...the nth column in sequence. Divide the farmland into multiple rows along the second direction and set them as the first row, the second row...the mth row in sequence. In this invention, the width of the multiple rows of farmland and the width of the multiple rows of farmland are adapted to the width of the bucket 300.

[0032] Step 3: Position the bucket 300 in the first row of farmland, ensuring the cutting edge of the bucket 300 penetrates a suitable distance into the ground of the first row of farmland, and record the distance between the cutting edge and the reference horizontal plane 100. And by using the traction device 200 to pull the bucket 300 along the first row of farmland, the leveling of the first row of farmland is completed; Step 4: Switch the bucket 300 to the next row of farmland and repeat the operation of the bucket 300 in the first row of farmland until the leveling of the nth row of farmland is completed and the data is recorded. to ; When switching the bucket 300 to different rows of farmland, move the bucket 300 along the first direction to the farmland adjacent to the previous row of farmland, then adjust the depth of the cutting edge into the ground of the current farmland, and repeat the operation of the bucket 300 in the first row of farmland. The distance the cutting edge of the bucket 300 penetrates into the ground of the corresponding row of farmland can be unequal, so that the distance between the corresponding cutting edge and the reference horizontal plane 100 is also unequal, in order to reduce the drag load when the bucket 300 moves.

[0033] For example, when the bucket 300 is located in the first row of farmland, the appropriate distance the cutting edge penetrates into the ground is the distance between the cutting edge and the reference horizontal plane 100. When the bucket 300 is located in the second row of farmland, the distance between the cutting edge and the reference horizontal plane 100 is: , It can be smaller than To reduce the amount of soil accumulating in the bucket 300 when passing through the second row of farmland, excessive soil in the bucket 300 increases the work done by the traction device 200. In severe cases, this can make it difficult for the bucket 300 to continue moving through the second row of farmland, potentially preventing it from leveling the field. Therefore, the cutting edges of the bucket 300 can be made to penetrate the ground unevenly to appropriately reduce the amount of soil added to the bucket 300, ensuring its normal movement through the second row of farmland. The situation is similar when the bucket 300 is in other rows of farmland, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0034] It should be noted that although the distance between the cutting edge and the reference horizontal plane 100 can be unequal, it is necessary to ensure that the cutting edge of the bucket 300 penetrates deep into the ground when passing through multiple rows of farmland. The distance it penetrates into the ground can be determined based on the amount of soil accumulated in the bucket 300.

[0035] In this invention, in determining to When leveling a new row of farmland, referencing laser-controlled leveling technology, install a vertical pole on the bucket 300 and a laser receiver on the pole. After the blade is inserted deep into the ground, adjust the laser receiver on the pole to 100mm above the reference horizontal plane. The vertical distance between the blade and the laser receiver can be measured using a tape measure or laser rangefinder. This vertical distance is the data to be recorded. For the first row of farmland leveling, this vertical distance is... When leveling the nth column of farmland, the vertical spacing is... .

[0036] During the subsequent leveling of farmland, the hydraulic lifting function built into the traction equipment is needed to adjust the height of the bucket 300 so that the laser receiver on the pole is always kept at the reference horizontal plane 100.

[0037] The traction device can be a tractor. Existing tractors usually come with a built-in hydraulic lifting function, which is mainly used for suspending, lifting and controlling various agricultural implements. The built-in hydraulic lifting function of the traction device is existing technology.

[0038] Step 5: Based on the recorded data to The average distance h between the blade and the reference horizontal plane 100 is obtained when the blade is in multiple rows of farmland. Step 6: Obtain the height difference based on the soil volume within the bucket 300 and the total area of ​​the farmland. Define H=( H is the distance between the target flat surface and the reference horizontal plane 100; After the bucket 300 passes through multiple rows of farmland, the volume of soil inside the bucket 300 can be calculated using sensors or other equipment. This soil volume is then divided by the total area of ​​the farmland to obtain the height difference. , ( This refers to the distance between the target flat surface and the reference horizontal plane 100.

[0039] Step 7: Adjust and maintain the distance between the blade and the reference horizontal plane 100 as H. The bucket 300 levels multiple rows of farmland in sequence along the second direction to complete the leveling of the entire farmland.

[0040] When the bucket 300 passes through multiple rows of farmland, it always maintains a distance of H between the blade and the reference horizontal plane 100. After the bucket 300 passes through multiple rows of farmland, the leveling of the entire farmland by the bucket 300 (leveling machine) is completed.

[0041] Maintaining the distance H between the cutting edge and the reference horizontal plane 100 in the manner determined above... to The method is the same; simply keep the distance between the laser receiver on the pole and the blade at H, and ensure that the laser receiver can receive the laser from the reference horizontal plane 100 (space laser plane).

[0042] As the bucket 300 passes through multiple rows of farmland, the hydraulic device of the traction equipment can adjust the height of the bucket 300 in real time to ensure that the distance between the blade of the bucket 300 and the reference horizontal plane 100 is maintained at H.

[0043] It should be noted that in this invention, both the first and second directions are on a horizontal plane, and the first and second directions are perpendicular to each other on the horizontal plane. Additionally, when leveling farmland using this method, a small amount of soil may overflow from the side of the bucket. However, compared to the soil accumulated in the bucket, the amount of overflowing soil is small, and in calculations... When the error is negligible, it falls within the allowable error range of this invention. In addition, this invention is mainly used in farmland leveling operations. Since most farmland is flat, the bucket only needs to penetrate to a shallow depth, and there is no need to worry that the soil will fill the bucket space when leveling the farmland.

[0044] The method provided by this invention can be used in conjunction with laser-controlled leveling technology and satellite ranging technology. When this invention is used in conjunction with satellite ranging technology, only a transceiver unit capable of interacting with a satellite needs to be installed on the bucket 300. The distance between the transceiver unit and the blade is a fixed value, as long as the height of the transceiver unit remains unchanged during the operation of the leveling machine. However, when this invention is used in conjunction with satellite ranging technology, the satellite is positioned on the reference horizontal plane 100. to H represents the distance between the blade and the satellite when the shovel bucket 300 is in each row of farmland, and H represents the distance between the target flat surface and the satellite.

[0045] The operating principle of this invention is as follows: The traction device 200 drives the bucket 300 to pass through multiple rows of farmland in the first direction, and then passes through multiple rows of farmland in the second direction. As the bucket 300 passes through multiple rows of farmland in the first direction, soil can accumulate inside the bucket 300 because the cutting edge penetrates deep into the ground. Since the distance between the cutting edge and the reference horizontal plane 100 is not determined when the bucket 300 passes through multiple rows of farmland, the distance between the surface of the farmland and the reference horizontal plane 100 may not be equal after the bucket 300 passes through multiple rows of farmland. The distance between the cutting edge and the reference horizontal plane 100 is recorded sequentially as the bucket 300 passes through the first to the nth rows of farmland. to Based on the recorded data, the average distance h between the blade of the bucket 300 and the reference horizontal plane 100 was obtained when the blade passed through multiple rows of farmland. Because the bucket 300 accumulates soil as it passes through multiple rows of farmland, h is not the distance between the target level surface and the reference horizontal plane 100. Therefore, the total volume of soil accumulated in the bucket 300 needs to be divided by the total area of ​​the farmland to obtain the final value. , This refers to the increase in the height of the farmland surface when the soil in the bucket (300mm) is spread evenly on the farmland. At this time, ( H represents the distance between the target flat surface and the reference horizontal plane 100. Maintain a distance of H between the blade and the reference horizontal plane 100, and then drag the bucket 300 along the second direction in sequence through multiple rows of farmland using the traction device 200; During the movement of the bucket 300, if the blade remains embedded in the ground when passing through the farmland, it indicates that the corresponding plot protrudes above the target flat surface. In this case, the blade can scrape the soil protruding above the target flat surface into the bucket 300, thereby flattening the surface of the corresponding plot to the target flat surface. If the blade is above the farmland surface when passing through the farmland, the soil accumulated in the bucket 300 can fall from the bucket 300 due to vibration or the angle of the bucket 300, filling the gap between the blade and the farmland surface, thus achieving the target flat surface.

[0046] The leveling method provided by this invention is applicable to a variety of leveling equipment and has a wider range of applications. Compared with the existing methods of determining the target reference surface by visual inspection or surveying, the leveling method provided by this invention only requires measuring H according to the steps to determine the target flat surface, which makes it easier to determine the target flat surface.

[0047] Reference Figures 2 to 7 As shown, the present invention also provides a land leveling device with adjustable function, applied to the above-mentioned land leveling method, including a traction frame 400, a bucket 300, a leveling mechanism 500, and a moving mechanism 600.

[0048] Specifically, the towing frame 400 can be a triangular steel structure frame, and the bucket 300 can be a steel bucket-type structure with a certain curvature that can hold soil. The top of the bucket 300 has a steel mounting frame 310, which is connected to the bottom of the inner bucket surface of the bucket 300 by two support rods. The bottom front end of the bucket 300 is a cutting edge that can penetrate deep into the ground and level the ground.

[0049] The small end of the towing frame 400 is detachably mounted on the towing device 200 and hinged to the towing device 200. The large end of the towing frame 400 is hinged to the mounting frame 310 of the bucket 300. The mounting frame 310 is provided with a connecting rod 311 away from the bucket 300. A first telescopic cylinder 312 is provided between the end of the connecting rod 311 and the towing frame 400. The first telescopic cylinder 312 is a hydraulic cylinder, and its two ends are respectively hinged to the connecting rod 311 and the towing frame 400.

[0050] The soil leveling mechanism 500 is installed inside the bucket 300. The soil leveling mechanism 500 has a movable lever 501. When the lever 501 moves, it can level the soil accumulated inside the bucket 300, thereby making the soil accumulated inside the bucket 300 more evenly distributed and reducing the possibility of eccentricity during the movement of the bucket 300.

[0051] The moving mechanism 600 is hinged to the bucket 300, and a second telescopic cylinder 700 is provided between the moving mechanism 600 and the bucket 300. The first telescopic cylinder 312 controls the angle of the bucket 300, and the second telescopic cylinder 700 controls the raising and lowering of the bucket 300 and the depth of the blade into the ground. The two work together to achieve efficient leveling of farmland.

[0052] In this invention, the method by which the first telescopic cylinder 312 and the second telescopic cylinder 700 control the lifting and lowering of the bucket 300 and the change of its angle is widely used in the field of agricultural implements and belongs to the prior art.

[0053] The operating principle of this invention is as follows: First, the towing frame 400 is detachably hinged to the towing device 200. The angle of the bucket 300 and the depth of the blade on the bucket 300 into the ground are adjusted by controlling the output of the first telescopic cylinder 312 and the second telescopic cylinder 700. After the angle of the bucket 300 and the depth of the blade are determined, the towing device 200 drags the invention to move in the farmland. As the bucket 300 moves with the traction device 200, the moving mechanism 600 moves synchronously, and the blade of the bucket 300 can collect / shovel the scooped soil into the bucket 300. When a large amount of soil accumulates in the bucket 300, the lever 501 in the leveling mechanism 500 can move the higher pile of soil to the lower pile, thereby making the height of the soil pile in the bucket 300 more uniform and the load (soil) distribution in the bucket 300 more uniform. This reduces the possibility of eccentricity or overturning when the traction device 200 is towing the bucket 300 due to uneven load distribution, thus improving the operational stability of the invention.

[0054] Furthermore, the leveling mechanism 500 includes a leveling rod 510 and a first drive cylinder 520. The first drive cylinder 520 is a hydraulic cylinder, and its cylinder body is mounted on one side of the bucket 300. The axial direction of the first drive cylinder 520 is parallel to the length direction of the bucket 300. The leveling rod 510 can be a steel structural member, fixed to the end of the output rod of the first drive cylinder 520 away from its cylinder body. The length direction of the leveling rod 510 is parallel to the axial direction of the first drive cylinder 520, and there is a certain distance between the end of the leveling rod 510 away from the first drive cylinder 520 and the other side of the bucket 300.

[0055] The lever 501 is fixed to the leveling rod 510, and the lever 501 can be a steel structural member. Multiple levers 501 are provided on the leveling rod 510, and these levers 501 are evenly spaced along the length of the leveling rod 510. When the first drive cylinder 520 extends or retracts, it can move the leveling rod 510, which in turn can cause the levers 501 to reciprocate within the bucket 300 along the length of the bucket 300. When multiple levers 501 reciprocate synchronously, they can move the soil within the bucket 300, causing soil from higher piles to be moved to lower piles, thus making the soil pile height within the bucket 300 more uniform.

[0056] The more uniform height of the soil mound makes the load distribution within the bucket 300 more even, thereby improving the stability of the bucket 300 when it moves.

[0057] Furthermore, the leveling mechanism 500 can have two sets of leveling rods 510 and first drive cylinders 520. The two sets of first drive cylinders 520 are respectively installed on the inner end faces of both sides of the bucket 300. The two sets of first drive cylinders 520 are symmetrically arranged about the bucket 300. The two leveling rods 510 are respectively fixed on the output rods of the two sets of first drive cylinders 520, and the two leveling rods 510 are staggered.

[0058] There is an overlapping area between the two leveling rods 510, and the two leveling rods 510 are in contact with each other within the overlapping area. A sliding hole 511 parallel to the length direction of the leveling rod 510 is provided on each leveling rod 510. The sliding holes 511 in the overlapping area of ​​the two leveling rods 510 are interconnected, and a limiting bolt passes through the interconnected sliding hole 511. The limiting bolt can maintain the contact between the two leveling rods 510, thereby improving the structural strength of the leveling rods 510 and reducing the possibility of bending or misalignment of the leveling rods 510 due to excessive force on the lever 501 when the leveling rods 510 drive the lever 501 to move within the bucket 300, thus making the operation of the invention more stable.

[0059] In this embodiment, when two leveling rods 510 are moved within the bucket 300, compared to using only one leveling rod 510, the efficiency of the lever 501 in oscillating the soil pile can be improved, thereby enabling the soil within the bucket 300 to be distributed more evenly and more quickly. This further reduces the possibility of eccentricity or tipping during operation of the invention and further improves the operational stability of the invention.

[0060] In some embodiments, a secondary bucket 320 is slidably disposed on the bucket 300. The secondary bucket 320 is a bucket-shaped steel structure similar in structure to the bucket 300. Two secondary buckets 320 are provided, which are respectively located near the two ends of the bucket 300 and are symmetrically arranged about the bucket 300.

[0061] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the bucket 300 does not have side end plates on both sides.

[0062] Specifically, one end of the auxiliary bucket 320 is inserted into the side port of the bucket 300, and the other end is located outside the bucket 300. The end of the auxiliary bucket 320 inserted into the bucket 300 is open, and the outer bucket surface of the auxiliary bucket 320 is in close contact with the inner bucket surface of the bucket 300.

[0063] The mounting bracket 310 of the bucket 300 is equipped with a second drive cylinder 313 capable of driving the auxiliary buckets 320 to move along the length of the bucket 300. The second drive cylinder 313 can be a hydraulic cylinder. One end of the cylinder body of the second drive cylinder 313 is fixed to the mounting bracket 310, and one end of the output rod of the second drive cylinder 313 is connected to the side end face of the auxiliary buckets 320 away from the bucket 300. When the second drive cylinder 313 extends or retracts, it can drive the two auxiliary buckets 320 to reciprocate on the bucket 300, thereby adjusting the flat width of the invention.

[0064] In this embodiment, the leveling mechanism 500 is disposed between the two auxiliary buckets 320, and there are two sets of leveling rods 510 and first drive cylinders 520. The two sets of first drive cylinders 520 are respectively fixed on two corresponding sides of the two auxiliary buckets 320, and the two leveling rods 510 are respectively fixed on the output rods of the two sets of first drive cylinders 520. The two leveling rods 510 are staggered and have overlapping areas. The two leveling rods 510 in the overlapping area are in contact with each other.

[0065] Similar to the above embodiment, both flat soil rods 510 are provided with sliding holes 511. The sliding holes 511 in the stacked area are interconnected, and the sliding holes 511 in the stacked area are provided with limiting bolts. The limiting bolts can keep the two flat soil rods 510 in contact and can improve the structural strength of the flat soil rods 510.

[0066] In this embodiment, the two sets of first drive cylinders 520 and two leveling rods 510 in the leveling mechanism 500 can accelerate the uniform distribution of soil in the bucket 300, thereby improving the operational stability of the invention. Meanwhile, the retractable arrangement of the two auxiliary buckets 320 within the bucket 300 increases the space (bucket 300 and auxiliary buckets 320) capable of holding soil. Furthermore, the auxiliary buckets 320 allow the invention to be applied to leveling farmland of varying widths, greatly expanding its application range.

[0067] Furthermore, one of the two auxiliary buckets 320 is provided with a soil discharge hole 321, and a soil discharge trough 800 is inserted into the soil discharge hole 321. The soil discharge trough 800 is slidably disposed on the corresponding auxiliary bucket 320 along the length direction parallel to the bucket 300.

[0068] Specifically, the soil discharge hole 321 is located in one of the two auxiliary buckets 320, on the end face of only one of the auxiliary buckets 320. There is a certain distance between the bottom wall of the soil discharge hole 321 and the inner bottom surface of the auxiliary bucket 320. The soil discharge trough 800 is a wedge-shaped metal trough adapted to the soil discharge hole 321, and the bottom of the soil discharge trough 800 is open.

[0069] One end of the discharge trough 800 is inserted into the discharge hole 321 and extends into the auxiliary hopper 320, while the other end extends outside the auxiliary hopper 320. A sliding element 810 is provided at the end of the discharge trough 800 located within the auxiliary hopper 320. The sliding element 810 includes a mounting rod and a rotating wheel. The rotating wheel is mounted on the bottom surface of the discharge trough 800 via the mounting rod, and it contacts the inner bottom surface of the auxiliary hopper 320, allowing it to slide on that surface. The rotating wheel and mounting rod ensure more stable sliding of the discharge trough 800 within the discharge hole 321, preventing lateral tilting within the discharge hole 321 due to lack of support.

[0070] The soil discharge trough 800 is open at one end within the auxiliary bucket 320, and there is a gap between the bottom opening of the soil discharge trough 800 and the bottom of the corresponding auxiliary bucket 320. The leveling rod 510, located between the two auxiliary buckets 320, is situated between the two side walls of the soil discharge trough 800, and the lever 501 on the leveling rod 510 can extend out of the bottom opening of the soil discharge trough 800 when it enters the soil discharge trough 800.

[0071] When lever 501 moves within bucket 300, it can move soil from bucket 300 into discharge trough 800 and the auxiliary bucket 320 below discharge trough 800. This allows soil to fill the depression between discharge trough 800 and auxiliary bucket 320 when auxiliary bucket 320 passes over depressions in the farmland, making the farmland surface smoother. Furthermore, if the soil between discharge trough 800 and auxiliary bucket 320 fails to fill the depression, soil from discharge trough 800 will be replenished by lever 501, preventing the auxiliary bucket 320 from failing to fill the depression when it passes over it.

[0072] When the present invention is running for an extended period of time, the lever 501 can push more soil into the discharge trough 800, resulting in an increasing accumulation of soil within the discharge trough 800. This soil gradually enters the discharge trough 800 outside the auxiliary bucket 320 through the discharge hole 321. When there is a large amount of soil in the discharge trough 800 outside the auxiliary bucket 320, the soil accumulates along the length of the discharge trough 800. Consequently, when the present invention passes through farmland, the soil discharged through the discharge trough 800 forms a mound of a certain area on the farmland, rather than accumulating in a linear pattern on the side of the auxiliary bucket 320. This results in a wider distribution of soil scooped up by the bucket 300 or auxiliary bucket 320 within the bucket 300 when the present invention passes over a mound of a certain area. The invention aims to make the soil piles left in the farmland more evenly distributed when it passes through the farmland, and to make the soil piles more evenly distributed within the bucket 300 when it passes through the soil piles a second time. This reduces the probability that the soil piles will be concentrated in a certain area of ​​the bucket 300 when the invention passes through the soil piles again, thereby making the load distribution within the bucket 300 of the invention more even and improving the operational stability of the invention.

[0073] A linkage mechanism is provided between the two auxiliary buckets 320, which can drive the soil discharge trough 800 to slide in the soil discharge hole 321. The linkage mechanism is configured such that the length of the soil discharge trough 800 extending out of the soil discharge hole 321 is positively correlated with the distance between the two auxiliary buckets 320.

[0074] In this embodiment, the longer the distance between the two auxiliary buckets 320, the longer the length of the soil discharge trough 800 extending beyond the soil discharge hole 321. This allows for a larger area of ​​soil pile discharged through the soil discharge trough 800 to the outside of the auxiliary buckets 320. When the bucket 300 passes over the soil pile, the soil pile is more widely distributed within the bucket 300, making it less likely for the bucket 300 to become eccentric when leveling wide farmland, thus ensuring more stable operation when leveling large-area farmland.

[0075] In addition, in this embodiment, a return spring (not shown in the figure) is provided between the soil discharge trough 800 and the side end face of the auxiliary bucket 320 where it is located. The position of the return spring can be close to the top opening of the soil discharge trough 800 to avoid affecting the movement of soil in the auxiliary bucket 320 as much as possible.

[0076] Specifically, an installation block is fixed on the side of the soil discharge trough 800 away from the bucket opening of the bucket 300. The installation block is close to the top opening of the soil discharge trough 800, and a reset spring is installed between the installation block and the corresponding side end face of the auxiliary bucket 320.

[0077] Initially, the side of the auxiliary bucket 320 rests against the corresponding side of the bucket 300 under the action of the return spring. When the distance between the two auxiliary buckets 320 is increased, the return spring is compressed. When the distance between the two auxiliary buckets 320 is decreased, the auxiliary buckets 320 can be moved by controlling the corresponding second drive cylinder 313. The return spring can automatically extend according to the amount of distance reduction, thereby causing the discharge chute 800 to return to its original position.

[0078] Furthermore, the linkage mechanism includes a connecting rope 901. A receiving wheel is provided on the auxiliary bucket 320 where the soil discharge trough 800 is located. One end of the connecting rope 901 is connected to the auxiliary bucket 320 away from the soil discharge trough 800, and the other end passes around the receiving wheel and is connected to the end of the soil discharge trough 800 located in the auxiliary bucket 320.

[0079] In this embodiment, when the distance between the two auxiliary buckets 320 increases, the auxiliary bucket 320 on the side away from the dump trough 800 can extend the distance the dump trough 800 moves towards the outside of the auxiliary bucket 320 via the connecting rope 901. This results in a wider distribution area of ​​the soil pile formed by the dump trough 800 on the outside of the auxiliary bucket 320. When the bucket 300 passes over the corresponding soil pile, the soil pile is less likely to concentrate in a certain area, thereby improving the operational stability of the present invention.

[0080] Furthermore, when the distance between the two auxiliary buckets 320 decreases, the return spring between the soil discharge trough 800 and the side end face of its corresponding auxiliary bucket 320 automatically extends. The extended return spring pushes the soil discharge trough 800 deeper into its corresponding auxiliary bucket 320. As the soil discharge trough 800 moves into its corresponding auxiliary bucket 320, it moves the connecting rope 901. The distance the return spring pushes the soil discharge trough 800 deeper into its corresponding auxiliary bucket 320 is greater than the distance the auxiliary bucket 320 moves towards the central axis of the bucket 300. Therefore, the connecting rope 901 connecting the soil discharge trough 800 and the auxiliary bucket 320 can be tightened. There is no need to worry about the connecting rope 901 failing to tighten again or the soil discharge trough 800 failing to return to its original position when the distance between the two auxiliary buckets 320 increases and then decreases again.

[0081] Furthermore, the inner wall of the soil discharge trough 800 is provided with inclined rods 820 to reduce soil discharge from the soil discharge trough 800 to the outside of the bucket 300. In the direction of movement parallel to the bucket 300, the inclined rods 820 are provided on the inner walls of the soil discharge trough 800 on both sides in that direction.

[0082] Specifically, multiple diagonal braces 820 can be installed on the inner wall of the dump trough 800, and these multiple diagonal braces 820 are evenly distributed along the length of the dump trough 800. The inclination direction of the diagonal braces 820 is such that the top end of the diagonal brace 820 is further away from the vertical central axis of the bucket 300 than its bottom end.

[0083] By setting the inclined bar 820, the speed at which the lever 501 pushes the soil in the bucket 300 to the outside of the discharge trough 800 can be reduced. This reduces the possibility that the soil between the discharge trough 800 and the auxiliary bucket 320 will be difficult to fill the depression when the auxiliary bucket 320, where the discharge trough 800 is located, passes through a deeper depression. This ensures that the present invention maintains the levelness of the farmland when performing leveling operations.

[0084] In some embodiments, the moving mechanism 600 includes at least two moving wheels 610, which are hinged to the back of the bucket 300 via a connecting frame 620. A fixed rod 314 is fixed on the bucket 300 away from the ground. The two ends of the second telescopic cylinder 700 are respectively hinged to the connecting frame 620 and the fixed rod 314.

[0085] The connecting frame 620 can be a steel structure frame, and the movable wheel 610 is rotatably set at one end of the connecting frame 620. The movable wheel 610 can be a wheel with a large wheel surface. The wheel with a large wheel surface can further level the farmland when passing over the leveled farmland.

[0086] The end of the connecting frame 620 away from the moving wheel 610 is hinged to the side of the mounting frame 310 of the bucket 300 away from the bucket opening. A fixing rod 314, positioned away from the ground, is fixed to the rod on the side of the mounting frame 310 away from the bucket opening. The fixing rod 314 and the connecting rod 311 can be open-ended. The end of the fixing rod 314 away from the mounting frame 310 is hinged to one end of the second telescopic cylinder 700. The end of the second telescopic cylinder 700 away from the fixing rod 314 is hinged to the connecting frame 620.

[0087] In this embodiment, the first telescopic cylinder 312 and the second telescopic cylinder 700 can not only adjust the orientation of the bucket opening of the bucket 300 when they are telescopic, but also adjust the distance between the bucket 300 and the ground, so that the blade of the bucket 300 can penetrate deeper into the ground, making it easier to level the farmland.

[0088] Specifically, when the second telescopic cylinder 700 extends, the bucket 300 can rise away from the ground with the moving wheel 610 as the fulcrum; when the second telescopic cylinder 700 retracts, the bucket 300 can descend towards the ground with the moving wheel 610 as the fulcrum. When the first telescopic cylinder 312 extends, it can drive the bucket opening of the bucket 300 to deflect upward; when the first telescopic cylinder 312 retracts, it can drive the bucket opening of the bucket 300 to deflect downward.

[0089] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A land leveling method, characterized in that, include: Step 1: Determine the reference horizontal plane; Step 2: Divide the farmland into multiple columns along the first direction, and set them as the first column, the second column... the nth column in sequence. Divide the farmland into multiple rows along the second direction, and set them as the first row, the second row... the mth row in sequence. Step 3: Position the bucket in the first row of farmland, ensuring the bucket's cutting edge penetrates a suitable distance into the ground. Record the distance between the cutting edge and the reference horizontal plane. And by using traction equipment, the bucket is moved along the first row of farmland to complete the leveling of the first row of farmland; Step 4: Switch the bucket to the next row of farmland and repeat the operation of the bucket in the first row of farmland until the nth row of farmland is leveled and the data is recorded. to ; Step 5: Based on the recorded data to The average distance h between the blade and the reference horizontal plane when the blade is in multiple rows of farmland is obtained. Step 6: Obtain the height difference based on the volume of soil in the bucket and the total area of ​​the farmland. Define H=( H is the distance between the target flat surface and the reference horizontal plane; Step 7: Adjust and maintain the distance between the blade and the reference horizontal plane as H, and level the multiple rows of farmland in sequence along the second direction to complete the leveling of the entire farmland.

2. The land leveling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the multiple rows of farmland and the width of the multiple columns of farmland are adapted to the width of the bucket.

3. The land leveling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When switching the bucket to different rows of farmland, the bucket is moved along the first direction to the farmland adjacent to the previous row of farmland, and then the depth of the blade into the underground of the farmland is adjusted.

4. A land leveling device with an adjustable function, applied to the land leveling method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, include: Traction frame; The bucket is hinged to the towing frame and has a first telescopic cylinder between it and the towing frame; The leveling mechanism is installed inside the bucket and has a movable lever that is configured to level the soil accumulated inside the bucket when it moves. The moving mechanism is hinged to the bucket and moves synchronously with the bucket. A second telescopic cylinder is provided between the moving mechanism and the bucket. The second telescopic cylinder cooperates with the first telescopic cylinder to adjust the angle of the bucket and the depth of penetration into the ground.

5. A land leveling device with adjustable function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The leveling mechanism includes a leveling rod and a first drive cylinder. The first drive cylinder is installed on the side of the bucket, the leveling rod is installed on the output rod of the first drive cylinder, and the lever is fixed on the leveling rod. The first drive cylinder is configured to push the leveling rod to reciprocate within the bucket.

6. A land leveling device with adjustable function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bucket is slidably equipped with two auxiliary buckets, which are located near the two ends of the bucket and are symmetrically arranged about the bucket. The leveling mechanism is set between the two auxiliary buckets. The leveling rod and the first drive cylinder are each provided in two sets. The two sets of first drive cylinders are respectively fixed on the corresponding sides of the two auxiliary buckets. The two leveling rods are respectively installed on the output rods of the two sets of first drive cylinders. The two leveling rods are staggered and there is a stacked area between the two leveling rods. The two leveling rods in the stacked area are in contact with each other. The bucket is equipped with a second drive cylinder for driving the auxiliary bucket to move along the length of the bucket.

7. A land leveling device with an adjustable function according to claim 6, characterized in that: One of the two auxiliary buckets is provided with a soil discharge hole, and a soil discharge trough is inserted into the soil discharge hole. The soil discharge trough is slidably disposed on the corresponding auxiliary bucket along the length direction parallel to the bucket. The soil discharge trough is open at one end inside the auxiliary bucket and at the bottom of the trough, and there is a gap between the soil discharge trough and the bottom of the auxiliary bucket. A linkage mechanism is provided between the two auxiliary buckets. The two auxiliary buckets drive the soil discharge trough to slide in their respective auxiliary buckets through the linkage mechanism. The linkage mechanism is configured such that the length of the soil discharge trough extending out of the soil discharge hole is positively correlated with the distance between the two auxiliary buckets.

8. A land leveling device with adjustable function according to claim 7, characterized in that: The linkage mechanism includes a connecting rope, and a receiving wheel is provided on the auxiliary bucket where the soil discharge trough is located. One end of the connecting rope is connected to the auxiliary bucket away from the soil discharge trough, and the other end passes around the receiving wheel and is connected to the end of the soil discharge trough located inside the auxiliary bucket.

9. A land leveling device with an adjustable function according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner wall of the soil discharge trough is equipped with inclined rods that can reduce the amount of soil discharged from the trough into the auxiliary bucket.

10. A land leveling device with adjustable function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The moving mechanism includes at least two moving wheels, which are hinged to the back of the bucket via a connecting frame. A fixed rod is fixed on the bucket away from the ground. The two ends of the second telescopic cylinder are respectively hinged to the connecting frame and the fixed rod.

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