Alternative water stop and expansion joint sealing system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of building waterproofing construction technology, providing a replaceable water-stopping device and an expansion joint sealing system. The replaceable water-stopping device includes: a cylindrical body with a receiving cavity, an inlet opening on the radially outward side of the receiving cavity, and an outlet channel within the cylindrical body; a selectively permeable membrane, with the inlet opening also equipped with a selectively permeable membrane; a hydrophobic liquid sealing medium with a density less than seawater within the receiving cavity, allowing seawater to enter the receiving cavity while preventing the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium from flowing out; the bottom of the receiving cavity communicating with the outlet channel; and a counterweight, positioned within the receiving cavity and above the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium, and slidingly sealingly engaging with the receiving cavity vertically. This invention solves the defects of existing technologies, such as irreplaceable sealing structures, poor resistance to marine environmental corrosion, inability to actively drain water, and difficulty in adapting to dynamic load deformation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building waterproofing construction technology, and in particular to a replaceable water-stopping device and an expansion joint sealing system. Background Technology

[0002] Expansion joints in coastal buildings and structures are crucial for mitigating temperature changes, structural settlement, and load effects. Due to prolonged exposure to high-salt, high-humidity environments, including seawater splashes, tidal immersion, and salt spray corrosion, coupled with structural expansion and contraction, and concrete aging, expansion joints are highly susceptible to sealing failure and cracking, leading to leakage. Leakage not only damages the internal structure but also accelerates steel reinforcement corrosion and shortens the building's lifespan; therefore, timely repair measures are essential.

[0003] Currently, the repair of concrete expansion joint leakage in marine environments mainly adopts the following three methods according to the severity of leakage: (1) Surface sealing repair method, which is suitable for minor leakage. After removing the base layer, sealant and waterstop strip are used to seal the joint. The construction is simple and the cost is low. (2) Grouting plugging method, which is suitable for moderate leakage. High pressure injection of grouting material fills the gap. (3) Structural repair + waterproofing redo, which is suitable for severe leakage. After repairing the damaged concrete and rusted steel bars, the waterproofing is redoed. However, the above methods all have obvious defects: In the surface sealing repair method, the sealing material is easily corroded and aged by seawater, has poor resistance to expansion and contraction, short service life, and is prone to secondary leakage. In the grouting plugging method, incomplete grouting can leave hidden dangers. The grouting material has insufficient salt corrosion resistance and is prone to failure in the seaside environment. The structural repair + waterproofing redo construction is complicated, costly, and time-consuming. After repair, it is still difficult to completely resist the erosion of the high-salt environment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a replaceable water-stopping device and expansion joint sealing system to solve the defects of existing technologies, such as non-replaceable sealing structures, poor resistance to marine environment corrosion, inability to actively drain water, and difficulty in adapting to dynamic load deformation.

[0005] In one aspect, the present invention provides a replaceable water-stopping device, comprising: A cylindrical body, wherein a receiving cavity is provided on the cylindrical body, and a water inlet opening is provided on the radially outward side of the receiving cavity, and a water outlet channel is provided inside the cylindrical body; A selectively permeable membrane is provided at each of the water inlet openings. A hydrophobic liquid sealing medium with a density less than that of seawater is provided in the receiving cavity. The selectively permeable membrane allows seawater to enter the receiving cavity and prevents the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium from flowing out of the receiving cavity. The bottom of the receiving cavity is connected to the water outlet channel. A counterweight is disposed within the receiving cavity and above the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium, and is in vertical sealing sliding fit with the receiving cavity.

[0006] According to the replaceable water-stopping device provided by the present invention, the cylindrical body includes a first side and a second side disposed opposite to each other along a first direction, and both the first side and the second side are provided with the receiving cavity.

[0007] According to the replaceable water-stopping device provided by the present invention, the cylindrical body includes a third side and a fourth side disposed opposite to each other along a second direction, and both the third side and the fourth side are provided with the receiving cavity.

[0008] According to the replaceable water-stopping device provided by the present invention, the receiving cavity includes a first cavity and a second cavity, the bottom of the first cavity is connected to the bottom of the second cavity, the first cavity is located radially outside the second cavity, the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium is provided in both the first cavity and the second cavity, and the counterweight is provided in both the first cavity and the second cavity.

[0009] According to the replaceable water-stopping device provided by the present invention, the inlet end of the water outlet channel is provided with the selectively permeable membrane.

[0010] According to the replaceable water-stopping device provided by the present invention, the cylindrical body is provided with fixing grooves on both sides of the water inlet opening, and fixing blocks are inserted in the fixing grooves. Both sides of the selective water-permeable membrane are pressed and fixed in the fixing grooves by the fixing blocks.

[0011] According to the replaceable water-stopping device provided by the present invention, the cylindrical body is an integral structure made of flexible material; And / or, the selectively permeable membrane is a hydrophilic modified PTFE membrane, a hydrophilic modified PVDF membrane, a hydrophilic modified PP membrane, a hydrophilic modified PE membrane, a nanofiber composite membrane, a MOF-based composite membrane, or a COF-based composite membrane; And / or, the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium is a low-melting-point paraffin wax, silicone oil, mineral oil, vegetable oil-based hydrophobic liquid, or synthetic hydrophobic sealing liquid.

[0012] Another aspect of the present invention provides an expansion joint sealing system, comprising: Two building bodies are spaced apart along a first direction and form an expansion joint. A first mounting groove, a second mounting groove, and a third mounting groove are spaced apart between the two building bodies. The first mounting groove, the second mounting groove, and the third mounting groove are arranged sequentially along the direction away from the seawater and all extend along a third direction. Three replaceable water-stopping devices as described above are respectively installed in the first mounting slot, the second mounting slot, and the third mounting slot.

[0013] According to the expansion joint sealing system provided by the present invention, the replaceable water-stopping device located in the first mounting groove is provided with limiting mating parts on both sides along the first direction, for limiting mating with the two building bodies respectively.

[0014] According to the expansion joint sealing system provided by the present invention, the limiting fit part is a hollow structure, and the limiting fit part is filled with an expansive sealing filler, which expands after curing and applies radial pressure to the wall surface of the building to form a sealing fit.

[0015] According to the expansion joint sealing system provided by the present invention, each of the three replaceable water-stopping devices has a water-facing protective opening on its cylindrical body for resisting seawater impact. The water-facing protective openings of the replaceable water-stop device located in the first and second mounting slots are both positioned facing the side of the expansion joint closest to the seawater, while the water-facing protective opening of the replaceable water-stop device located in the third mounting slot is positioned away from the side of the expansion joint closest to the seawater.

[0016] According to the expansion joint sealing system provided by the present invention, the cylindrical body of the replaceable water-stopping device located in the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove is provided with an observation hole, and the observation hole communicates with the expansion joint.

[0017] According to the expansion joint sealing system provided by the present invention, the cylindrical body of the replaceable water-stopping device located in the second mounting groove and the third mounting groove is provided with a filling cavity for filling elastic sealing grouting material. The filling cavity includes an inner cavity and an outer cavity, the bottoms of the inner cavity and the outer cavity are connected, and the outer cavity has an opening on the radially outward side.

[0018] According to the expansion joint sealing system provided by the present invention, the elastic sealing grouting material is polyurea grout, silicone sealant, or modified polyether material.

[0019] The replaceable water-stopping device provided by this invention is applied to the repair of leakage in concrete expansion joints affected by dynamic loads in marine environments. In use, an installation groove is created between the building structures on both sides of the expansion joint. The replaceable water-stopping device is inserted into the groove, with the portion of the cylindrical body without a water inlet facing the side of the expansion joint. The portion of the cylindrical body with a water inlet is flush against the walls of the building structures on both sides of the expansion joint. The portion of the cylindrical body without a water inlet can resist the impact of seawater. If the seawater pressure exceeds the sealing strength between the device and the sidewalls, seawater will enter the receiving cavity through the selectively permeable membrane. Because the receiving cavity contains a hydrophobic liquid sealing medium with a density less than seawater, and the selectively permeable membrane allows seawater to enter while preventing the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium from flowing out, the entering seawater naturally settles to the bottom of the receiving cavity due to the density difference, while the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium floats on top of the seawater. The counterweight is positioned above the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium and slides vertically into the containment cavity. It applies continuous pressure to the medium under its own weight, which is then transmitted to the seawater at the bottom. This pressure drives the seawater from the bottom of the containment cavity into the outlet channel and out of the device, achieving automatic and orderly discharge of infiltrated seawater. Simultaneously, the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium is doubly sealed within the containment cavity by the selectively permeable membrane and the counterweight, maintaining a long-term liquid seal. The entire device can be inserted into or removed from the drilled holes in the expansion joint sidewall, facilitating future replacement or maintenance. This design overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as irreplaceable sealing structures, poor resistance to marine corrosion, inability to actively drain water, and difficulty in adapting to dynamic load deformation.

[0020] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an alternative water-stopping device provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Sectional view of AA.

[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 BB section view.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing of the selectively permeable membrane in a replaceable water-stopping device provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the expansion joint sealing system provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is the second schematic diagram of the expansion joint sealing system provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is the third schematic diagram of the expansion joint sealing system provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 This is one of the schematic diagrams of a replaceable water-stopping device located in the second mounting groove in the expansion joint sealing system provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9 This is the second schematic diagram of the replaceable water-stopping device located in the second mounting groove in the expansion joint sealing system provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 10 This is one of the schematic diagrams of a replaceable water-stopping device located in the third mounting groove in the expansion joint sealing system provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 11 This is the second schematic diagram of the replaceable water-stopping device located in the third mounting groove in the expansion joint sealing system provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure label: 100. Replaceable water-stopping device; 110. Columnar main body; 111. Receiving cavity; 1111. First cavity; 1112. Second cavity; 1113. Seawater sedimentation zone; 112. Water outlet channel; 113. Hydrophobic liquid sealing medium; 114. Fixing groove; 115. Fixing block; 116. Limiting mating part; 117. Water-facing protective port; 118. Observation hole; 119. Filling cavity; 1191. Inner cavity; 1192. Outer cavity; 1110. Elastic sealing grouting material; 120. Selective permeable membrane; 130. Counterweight block; 200. Building body; 300. Expansion joint; 310. First mounting groove; 320. Second mounting groove; 330. Third mounting groove; 400. Base plate structure; 500. Embedded waterstop strip. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0035] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 11 This invention describes the replaceable water-stopping device and expansion joint sealing system provided by the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present invention, the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction can be referred to as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The arrow directions shown in the diagram are as follows: the first direction specifically refers to the horizontal direction perpendicular to the two side walls of the expansion joint 300, i.e., the width direction of the expansion joint 300; the second direction specifically refers to the extension direction of the expansion joint 300, i.e., the length direction of the expansion joint 300; and the third direction specifically refers to the vertical direction from the opening of the expansion joint 300 into the interior of the structure, i.e., the depth direction of the expansion joint 300. The above direction definitions are only used to clearly describe the positional relationship and movement direction of each component in the embodiments of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation on the actual installation location of the device.

[0037] See Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the replaceable water-stopping device 100 provided in this embodiment of the invention includes: a cylindrical body 110, a selectively permeable membrane 120, and a counterweight 130.

[0038] The cylindrical body 110 is provided with a receiving cavity 111. The receiving cavity 111 has a water inlet opening on the radially outward side. The cylindrical body 110 has a water outlet channel 112. Each water inlet opening is provided with a selectively permeable membrane 120. The receiving cavity 111 contains a hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 with a density less than that of seawater. The selectively permeable membrane 120 allows seawater to enter the receiving cavity 111 and prevents the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 from flowing out of the receiving cavity 111. The bottom of the receiving cavity 111 is connected to the water outlet channel 112. The counterweight 130 is located inside the receiving cavity 111 and above the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113, and is in vertical sealing sliding fit with the receiving cavity 111.

[0039] The replaceable water-stopping device 100 provided by this invention is applied to the repair of leakage in concrete expansion joints 300 affected by dynamic loads in marine environments. In use, an installation groove is opened between the building bodies 200 on both sides of the expansion joint 300, and the replaceable water-stopping device 100 is inserted into the installation groove. The part of the column body 110 without a water inlet faces the side where the expansion joint 300 is located, and the part of the column body 110 with a water inlet is in contact with the wall surface of the building bodies 200 on both sides of the expansion joint 300. The part of the column body 110 without a water inlet can resist the impact of seawater. If the seawater pressure is greater than the sealing strength between the device and the side wall, seawater will enter the receiving cavity 111 through the selectively permeable membrane 120. Since the containment cavity 111 is equipped with a hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 with a density less than that of seawater, and the selectively permeable membrane 120 allows seawater to enter while preventing the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 from flowing out, the seawater that enters naturally sinks to the bottom of the containment cavity 111 under the action of density difference, while the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 floats above the seawater. The counterweight 130 is positioned above the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 and slides vertically in a sealed manner with the receiving cavity 111. It can apply continuous pressure to the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 below using its own weight. This pressure is transmitted to the seawater at the bottom through the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113, pushing the seawater from the bottom of the receiving cavity 111 into the outlet channel 112 and out of the device, achieving automatic and orderly discharge of infiltrated seawater. Simultaneously, the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 is doubly sealed within the receiving cavity 111 by the selectively permeable membrane 120 and the counterweight 130, maintaining a long-term liquid seal. The entire device can be inserted into or removed from the drilled hole on the side wall of the expansion joint 300, facilitating future replacement or maintenance. This solves the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as irreplaceable sealing structures, poor resistance to marine environmental corrosion, inability to actively drain water, and difficulty in adapting to dynamic load deformation.

[0040] Specifically, the columnar body 110 serves as the supporting frame and functional integration carrier of the entire replaceable water-stopping device 100, extending along a third direction, and in the installed state, its axis is consistent with the third direction of the expansion joint 300 (i.e., the vertical direction from the opening of the expansion joint 300 into the interior of the structure).

[0041] The cylindrical body 110 is provided with a receiving cavity 111, which provides space for the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 and the counterweight 130, and provides an orderly flow path for the entry and exit of seawater. The outer wall of the cylindrical body 110 without a water inlet faces the seawater side where the expansion joint 300 is located in the installed state. This part of the outer wall, due to its continuous and complete structural form, can directly resist the impact loads generated by seawater splashing, tidal impact, and wave pounding, preventing the impact force from being directly transmitted to the functional components inside the receiving cavity 111. The side of the cylindrical body 110 with the water inlet is tightly fitted to the bottom surface of the mounting groove of the side wall of the expansion joint 300, so that the water inlet is not directly exposed to the seawater side, but is indirectly connected to the expansion joint 300 through the fit with the side wall. When the seawater pressure is greater than the sealing strength between the outer wall of the cylindrical body 110 and the inner wall of the mounting groove, the seawater flows along... The seawater seeps into the cavity through the gap and reaches the inlet opening, then enters the containment cavity 111 through the selectively permeable membrane 120. Within the containment cavity 111, the seawater undergoes natural stratification based on density difference with the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113. The seawater sinks to the bottom, while the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 rises to the top. The counterweight 130 applies continuous downward pressure to the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 using its own weight. This pressure is transmitted through the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 to the seawater at the bottom, pushing the seawater from the bottom of the containment cavity 111 into the outlet channel 112 and out of the device, thus achieving automatic, unpowered discharge of the seeping seawater. Simultaneously, the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 is sealed within the containment cavity 111 from below and above by the selectively permeable membrane 120 and the counterweight 130, respectively, maintaining a stable liquid seal state for a long period and preventing sealing failure due to loss of the sealing medium.

[0042] The hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 with a density less than that of seawater can be low-melting-point paraffin wax. This type of paraffin wax can maintain its liquid fluidity at room temperature or even as low as minus 20 degrees Celsius, ensuring that the device can work normally within the temperature range of the marine environment throughout the year.

[0043] In some embodiments, the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 may also be other hydrophobic liquid media with a density lower than seawater, immiscible with water, and good chemical stability, such as silicone oil, mineral oil, vegetable oil-based hydrophobic liquids, or synthetic hydrophobic sealing liquids. As long as the density of the medium is lower than that of seawater, it can form a stable floating layer above seawater, and does not emulsify, dissolve, or chemically react after contact with seawater, and at the same time has the characteristics of low volatility, salt corrosion resistance, and long-term service without degradation, it can be used as the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 of the present invention.

[0044] A selectively permeable membrane 120 is installed at the water inlet, serving as a channel switch for seawater to enter the receiving cavity 111 and a barrier against the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113. This membrane has hydrophilic properties, allowing seawater to enter the receiving cavity 111 unidirectionally under pressure, while preventing the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113, which has a density less than seawater, from flowing out in the reverse direction. This achieves selective separation of water and the sealing medium during the water inlet process. Under normal operating conditions, the selectively permeable membrane 120 maintains the volume stability of the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 within the receiving cavity 111, preventing loss of the sealing medium due to seawater inflow and outflow. When the seawater pressure exceeds the sealing strength between the device and the sidewall, seawater is forced into the membrane and passes through into the receiving cavity 111, while the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 is intercepted and retained inside the receiving cavity 111, ensuring the long-term integrity of the liquid seal structure.

[0045] The selective permeable membrane 120 can be made of hydrophilic modified polytetrafluoroethylene membrane (hydrophilic modified PTFE membrane), which has stable chemical properties, is resistant to seawater corrosion, and has high mechanical strength, and can resist friction and wear during installation and long-term immersion in seawater.

[0046] In some embodiments, the selectively permeable membrane 120 may also be other microfiltration membranes or separation membranes with hydrophilicity and selective water permeability, as long as they can achieve the above-mentioned functions. For example, hydrophilic modified PVDF membranes, hydrophilic modified PP membranes, hydrophilic modified PE membranes, nanofiber composite membranes, MOF-based composite membranes, or COF-based composite membranes.

[0047] The counterweight 130 is positioned within the receiving cavity 111 and above the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113. It slides vertically (i.e., in the third direction) with the receiving cavity 111, applying continuous downward pressure to the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 under its own weight. This pressure is transmitted through the incompressible hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 as hydrostatic pressure to the seawater at the bottom of the receiving cavity 111, pushing the seawater overcoming flow resistance into the outlet channel 112 and discharging it outside the device, thus achieving automatic, unpowered discharge of the infiltrated seawater. The sealing sliding fit between the counterweight 130 and the receiving cavity 111 (e.g., by installing a sealing ring or setting a labyrinth sealing structure) ensures that the counterweight 130 can freely rise and fall in the third direction under the action of gravity as the volume of the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 changes, while preventing the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 from leaking upward from the gap between the counterweight 130 and the inner wall of the receiving cavity 111. When seawater enters the receiving cavity 111 and causes the total volume of liquid in the cavity to increase, the counterweight 130 is lifted upward to adaptively increase the receiving space. When the total volume of liquid decreases after the seawater is discharged through the water outlet channel 112, the counterweight 130 falls downward under the action of gravity, always maintaining continuous pressure on the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 below, thus forming an adaptive cycle adjustment mechanism of "water inlet-lifting-draining-falling", which can maintain the dynamic balance of the system for a long time without external power or manual intervention.

[0048] In some embodiments, to achieve a vertically sealed sliding fit between the counterweight 130 and the receiving cavity 111, the outer contour of the counterweight 130 can be configured to match the receiving cavity 111, and at least one sealing ring can be provided between them. The sealing ring is embedded in the sealing groove on the outer peripheral surface of the counterweight 130, and its outer edge elastically abuts against the inner wall of the receiving cavity 111. This ensures low frictional resistance when the counterweight 130 slides in a third direction, and prevents the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 from leaking upward along the gap between the counterweight 130 and the inner wall of the receiving cavity 111.

[0049] The weight of the counterweight 130 can be calculated based on the depth of the installation groove, the preset drainage pressure threshold, and the density and height of the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113. It is usually made of a metal material with strong corrosion resistance. The counterweight 130 can also be equipped with lifting lugs, lifting rings, or lifting handles for easy lifting. When it is necessary to replenish the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 or to carry out internal maintenance of the device, the counterweight 130 can be pulled upward from the receiving cavity 111 by connecting it with a special tool or rope. This allows the replenishment or replacement of the sealing medium or the maintenance of the counterweight 130 itself to be completed without disassembling the entire replaceable water-stopping device 100.

[0050] See Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the cylindrical body 110 includes a first side and a second side disposed opposite to each other along a first direction, and both the first side and the second side are provided with receiving cavities 111.

[0051] Because the building structures 200 on both sides of the expansion joint 300 may undergo relative misalignment deformation along the second or third direction under the action of external loads (such as temperature changes, structural settlement, wave impact, and vehicle traffic dynamic loads), and seawater may seep in from either side of the expansion joint 300, the device with a single-sided accommodating cavity 111 is prone to uneven stress during misalignment deformation, leading to unilateral peeling or partial failure of the sealing interface. However, by setting accommodating cavities 111 on both the first and second sides, the accommodating cavities 111 on both sides are isolated from each other and work independently. This allows the drainage function to decrease on one side due to excessive seawater pressure, aging of the seal, or structural damage, while the other side continues to maintain a normal water inlet-stratification-pressurization-drainage cycle without interference.

[0052] It is understood that the number of accommodating cavities 111 on both the first and second sides is at least one, and the specific number can be flexibly selected based on the spatial structural layout of the cylindrical body 110, the width of the expansion joint 300, the expected leakage volume, and the space constraints of the installation borehole. As an example, in this embodiment, the number of accommodating cavities 111 on both the first and second sides is two.

[0053] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the cylindrical body 110 includes a third side and a fourth side disposed opposite to each other along a second direction, and both the third side and the fourth side are provided with receiving cavities 111.

[0054] By providing receiving cavities 111 on both the third and fourth sides, under normal circumstances (i.e., when the seawater pressure does not exceed the set value), the receiving cavity 111 on the third side can be used as the main drainage channel to discharge seawater that seeps in from the seawater side nearby, while the receiving cavity 111 on the fourth side is in a standby state. When the seawater pressure increases abnormally or the drainage capacity of the receiving cavity 111 on the third side decreases due to sealing aging, medium loss, etc., the seawater that flows to the fourth side by bypassing the third side seal or along the second direction of the expansion joint 300 can also be received by the receiving cavity 111 on the fourth side through its selectively permeable membrane 120. The density difference between the internal hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 and the seawater is used to achieve natural stratification, and the pressure is transmitted by the gravity of the counterweight 130 to push the bottom seawater out through the outlet channel 112. Thus, a two-stage series drainage defense line is formed in the second direction of the expansion joint 300, which significantly improves the overall redundancy and long-term reliability of the device under complex marine dynamic loads and local seal failure conditions.

[0055] Similarly, the number of receiving cavities 111 on both the third and fourth sides is at least one, and the specific number can be flexibly selected according to the spatial structure layout of the columnar body 110, the width of the expansion joint 300, the expected leakage volume, and the space constraints of the installation borehole. As an example, in this embodiment, the number of receiving cavities 111 on both the third and fourth sides is two.

[0056] It is understood that the receiving cavities 111 on the first, second, third and fourth sides can be shared. That is, the receiving cavity 111 located on the first side can also be the cavity located on the third side. In other words, a receiving cavity 111 can be located in a certain corner area of ​​the cylindrical body 110 at the same time, and can undertake the drainage function of that side (first direction side) and the drainage function of that end (second direction end).

[0057] See Figures 1 to 3 As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the receiving cavity 111 includes a first cavity 1111 and a second cavity 1112. The bottom of the first cavity 1111 is connected to the bottom of the second cavity 1112. The first cavity 1111 is located radially outside the second cavity 1112. A hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 is provided in both the first cavity 1111 and the second cavity 1112, and a counterweight 130 is provided in both the first cavity 1111 and the second cavity 1112.

[0058] By configuring the receiving cavity 111 as including a first cavity 1111 and a second cavity 1112, with the bottoms of the first cavity 1111 and the second cavity 1112 connected, after water enters the selectively permeable membrane 120 of the outer first cavity 1111, seawater first enters the first cavity 1111 and sinks to the bottom. Since the bottoms of the two cavities are connected, the seawater that enters further flows into the bottom of the second cavity 1112 through the connecting channel, causing the seawater level in the two cavities to rise synchronously (the principle of communicating vessels). At the same time, the counterweights 130 in the two cavities apply pressure to the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 below them, jointly pushing the bottom seawater out through the outlet channel 112.

[0059] In addition, by configuring the receiving cavity 111 to include a first cavity 1111 and a second cavity 1112 with bottom connection, under the condition that the radial dimension of the cylindrical body 110 is limited and the drilling space is restricted, the total volume of the receiving cavity 111 is effectively increased within the limited cross-section of the cylindrical body 110 by using the arrangement of the two cavities in parallel and with bottom connection, so that the device can accommodate more hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113, thereby extending the service cycle after a single maintenance.

[0060] See Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, the receiving cavity 111 is provided with a seawater sedimentation zone 1113 at the bottom of the first cavity 1111 and the second cavity 1112 for seawater deposition. The inlet end of the outlet channel 112 is connected to the bottom of the seawater sedimentation zone 1113, which facilitates the seawater entering the receiving cavity 111 to completely settle to the lowest point of the sedimentation zone under the action of gravity before being discharged through the outlet channel 112.

[0061] See Figure 1 As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the inlet end of the water outlet channel 112 is provided with a selectively permeable membrane 120.

[0062] By adding a selective permeable membrane 120 at the inlet end of the outlet channel 112, the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 can be prevented from flowing out of the outlet channel 112, thus preventing leakage. Secondly, it can further selectively filter the seawater that is about to enter the outlet channel 112, intercepting chloride ions in the seawater and significantly reducing the chloride ion concentration in the aqueous phase of the discharge device, thereby significantly reducing the salt corrosion effect of the discharged water on the downstream structure (the structure after the polyurea grouting liquid has been cured as described below).

[0063] See Figures 2 to 4 As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the cylindrical body 110 is provided with fixing grooves 114 on both sides of the water inlet opening, and fixing blocks 115 are clamped in the fixing grooves 114. Both sides of the selective permeable membrane 120 are pressed and fixed in the fixing grooves 114 by the fixing blocks 115.

[0064] By engaging the fixing groove 114 with the fixing block 115, the two sides of the selective permeable membrane 120 are firmly pressed against the two edges of the water inlet opening, preventing the membrane from lifting or detaching under seawater pressure and ensuring the reliability of the seal between the membrane and the cylindrical body 110. At the same time, this pressing and fixing method allows the fixing block 115 to be removed from the fixing groove 114 during later maintenance. The aging selective permeable membrane 120 can be replaced and the fixing block 115 can be pressed back in to complete the repair without replacing the entire cylindrical body 110 or damaging the device structure.

[0065] See Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the fixing block 115 can be configured to slightly protrude from the circumferential outline of the cylindrical body 110, so that the fixing block 115 first contacts the inner wall of the mounting groove and bears the main installation friction when the device is inserted into the mounting groove, while the selectively permeable membrane 120 is embedded between the fixing blocks 115 and does not directly contact the groove wall, thereby avoiding damage to the membrane due to friction and wear during insertion. At the same time, the membrane is allowed to relax to a certain extent during installation so that after the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113 is injected later, the membrane can be tightly adhered to the wall surface of the building structure 200 under the pressure of the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113.

[0066] See Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the fixing block 115 can also be detachably fixed in the fixing groove 114 by means of a threaded connector to improve its fixing effect.

[0067] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the cylindrical body 110 is an integral structure made of flexible material.

[0068] By employing a one-piece structure made of flexible materials, the columnar body 110 can adaptively conform to the minute irregularities and shapes of the borehole inner wall during installation. It utilizes the material's own elastic deformation to generate uniform radial expansion force, thus forming a reliable initial mechanical seal interface without the need for additional sealing filler. Simultaneously, when the building structures 200 on both sides of the expansion joint 300 undergo relative misalignment or deformation under dynamic loads, the flexible columnar body 110 can adapt to the structural deformation, avoiding the opening of the sealing interface or breakage of the device body due to rigid interference between the rigid device and the deformed structure. This ensures that the accommodating cavity 111, the selectively permeable membrane 120, and the counterweight 130 maintain a relatively stable relative position and fit during deformation.

[0069] During processing, a flexible cylindrical body 110 with a complex internal structure such as a cavity 111, a water inlet opening, a water outlet channel 112, and a fixing groove 114 can be directly formed through processes such as injection molding, compression molding, or 3D printing. No subsequent assembly or secondary processing is required, thereby reducing manufacturing costs and the risk of accumulated assembly tolerances while ensuring structural accuracy.

[0070] The expansion joint sealing system provided by the present invention will now be described. The expansion joint sealing system described below can be referred to in correspondence with the replaceable water-stopping device 100 described above.

[0071] See Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the expansion joint sealing system provided in this embodiment of the invention includes: two building bodies 200, which are spaced apart along a first direction and form an expansion joint 300. A first mounting groove 310, a second mounting groove 320, and a third mounting groove 330 are spaced apart between the two building bodies 200. The first mounting groove 310, the second mounting groove 320, and the third mounting groove 330 are arranged sequentially along the direction away from the seawater side and all extend along the third direction. Three replaceable water-stopping devices 100 as described in any of the above embodiments are correspondingly engaged in the first mounting groove 310, the second mounting groove 320, and the third mounting groove 330.

[0072] The expansion joint sealing system provided by this invention establishes three layers of sealing defense in the direction away from seawater by sequentially setting a first mounting groove 310, a second mounting groove 320, and a third mounting groove 330 between two building bodies 200 along the direction away from seawater, and respectively installing three replaceable water-stopping devices 100, forming a three-tiered sealing defense line in the direction of coastal water intrusion: the replaceable water-stopping device 100 in the first mounting groove 310 serves as the first line of defense on the water-facing side, directly bearing the impact of seawater pressure and performing active drainage to discharge most of the infiltrated seawater; the replaceable water-stopping device 100 in the second mounting groove 320 serves as the intermediate line of defense, initiating drainage when a small amount of seawater continues to infiltrate due to overpressure, aging, or partial failure of the first device; and the replaceable water-stopping device 100 in the third mounting groove 330 serves as the tail line of defense, performing final drainage and sealing when the first two lines of defense fail or extreme seawater intrusion conditions occur, thereby establishing a multi-level sealing barrier in the two-dimensional space formed by the second and third directions of the expansion joint 300. The three replaceable water-stopping devices 100 are independent of each other and do not interfere with each other. The replacement or maintenance of any one device does not require the removal of the other devices, and all can be pulled out and replaced as a whole without re-drilling holes, which significantly reduces the total life cycle cost and maintenance difficulty of the expansion joint 300 leakage repair in marine environments.

[0073] It should be noted that in the prior art, expansion joints 300 are usually filled with insulating materials such as foam boards or wooden formwork to prevent the concrete on both sides from sticking together during concrete pouring. These filling materials are retained in the joint for a long time after the expansion joint 300 is formed, which makes it impossible for the grout to effectively fill the entire gap during subsequent grouting repairs, resulting in incomplete grouting and the existence of leakage blind spots. However, the expansion joint sealing system provided by this invention adopts a scheme of opening installation grooves in the building body 200 on both sides of the expansion joint 300 and installing replaceable water-stopping devices 100. Grouting is not injected into the expansion joint 300, which completely avoids the interference and obstruction of the grouting path by the existing filling materials. The sealing effect no longer depends on the filling condition inside the expansion joint 300. At the same time, it avoids the risk of displacement of the existing filling materials or cracking of the building body 200 due to excessive grouting pressure, which significantly improves the success rate of maintenance construction and structural safety.

[0074] The diameters of the first mounting groove 310, the second mounting groove 320, and the third mounting groove 330 can be slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the cylindrical body 110 in the corresponding replaceable water-stopping device 100. By using an interference fit, the cylindrical body 110 is subjected to radial compression after the device is inserted into the mounting groove. A uniform radial contact pressure is generated between the outer wall of the cylindrical body 110 and the inner wall of the mounting groove, thereby forming an initial mechanical seal. A reliable interface sealing effect can be obtained without additional filling of sealant or setting of sealing gasket.

[0075] In some embodiments, when applied to certain special building structures 200, the lower end of the replaceable water-stopping device 100 can be inserted into the base plate structure 400 by not less than 10 cm to enhance the anchoring stability of the device in the third direction and prevent the device from floating upward or sinking downward under the action of seawater pressure fluctuations or dynamic load vibration.

[0076] In some embodiments, the embedded waterstop 500 in the prior art can also be used. The embedded waterstop 500 is disposed between the second mounting groove 320 and the third mounting groove 330. The embedded waterstop 500 can be used as a traditional passive sealing barrier to form a fixed physical water-proof layer between the two replaceable waterstop devices 100. Even if the replaceable waterstop device 100 in the second mounting groove 320 leaks due to long-term service or extreme working conditions, the embedded waterstop 500 can prevent seawater from continuing to advance into the indoor side, thus buying time for the replaceable waterstop device 100 in the third mounting groove 330 to respond.

[0077] See Figure 7 As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the replaceable water-stopping device 100 located in the first mounting groove 310 is provided with limiting fitting parts 116 on both sides along the first direction for limiting fitting with the two building bodies 200 respectively.

[0078] By providing limiting fitting parts 116 on both sides of the replaceable water-stopping device 100 located in the first mounting groove 310 along the first direction, it can remain stable after being installed in the first mounting groove 310, preventing torsion. During installation, the guiding effect of the limiting fitting parts 116 can also be used to automatically center the device when it is inserted vertically into the mounting groove along the third direction, preventing the device from getting stuck due to the insertion angle deviation.

[0079] Understandably, at this time, the shape of the first mounting groove 310 matches the combined shape of the cylindrical body 110 and the limiting fitting part 116 of the replaceable water-stopping device 100. That is, the first mounting groove 310 not only has a circular or elliptical main hole to accommodate the cylindrical body 110, but also has fitting parts (such as vertically arranged slots) on both sides of the main hole along the first direction that correspond to the limiting fitting part 116, so that the limiting fitting part 116 can be vertically slid into the slot, and the side wall of the slot forms a circumferential constraint on the limiting fitting part 116 during the insertion process.

[0080] See Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the limiting fit portion 116 is a hollow structure, and the limiting fit portion 116 is filled with an expansive sealing filler (not shown in the figure), which is used to expand after curing and apply radial pressure to the wall surface of the building body 200 to form a sealing fit.

[0081] By setting the limiting fitting part 116 as a hollow structure and filling it with an expansive sealing filler, after the device is installed in place, the expansive sealing filler (such as expansive cement) solidifies and expands in volume inside the limiting fitting part 116, generating an outward expansion pressure on the inner wall of the hollow cavity. This pressure is transmitted to the outer wall of the limiting fitting part 116 and further acts on the walls of the two building bodies 200, so that the limiting fitting part 116 and the building body 200 form an active compression-type tight sealing fit.

[0082] See Figure 7 As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, each of the three replaceable water-stopping devices 100 has a water-facing protective opening 117 on its cylindrical body 110 for resisting seawater impact; wherein, the water-facing protective openings 117 of the replaceable water-stopping devices 100 located in the first mounting groove 310 and the second mounting groove 320 are all arranged facing the side of the expansion joint 300 near the seawater, and the water-facing protective openings 117 of the replaceable water-stopping devices 100 located in the third mounting groove 330 are arranged facing away from the side of the expansion joint 300 near the seawater.

[0083] By setting the water-facing protection ports 117 of the three replaceable water-stopping devices 100 in different orientations, the water-facing protection ports 117 located in the first mounting groove 310 and the second mounting groove 320 face the side of the expansion joint 300 closest to the seawater, so that they directly face the direction of the seawater flow, and can promptly receive the seawater seeping in from the expansion joint 300 and start active drainage; while the water-facing protection port 117 located in the third mounting groove 330 faces away from the expansion joint 300 closest to the seawater, that is, facing the indoor side. This is because the third mounting groove 330, as the tail line of defense, mainly deals with the residual seawater that flows around or seeps from the first two lines of defense, rather than the seawater directly from the expansion joint 300. Setting the water-facing protection port 117 away from the seawater side can avoid unnecessary frequent water intake and drainage due to tidal rise and fall or wave impact when there is no leakage. At the same time, it ensures that when seawater breaks through from the first two lines of defense and reaches the position of the third mounting groove 330, the seawater is back-pressed into the water-facing protection port 117 of the third device from the indoor side, and can also be received and discharged.

[0084] See Figures 8 to 11 As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the cylindrical body 110 of the replaceable water-stopping device 100 located in the first mounting groove 310 and the second mounting groove 320 is provided with observation holes 118, and the observation holes 118 are connected to the expansion joint 300.

[0085] By providing observation holes 118 on the cylindrical body 110 of the replaceable water-stopping device 100 in the first mounting groove 310 and the second mounting groove 320, and connecting the observation holes 118 to the expansion joint 300, it is possible to directly determine whether seawater seeps out through the observation holes 118 without disassembling the device, and whether the upstream sealing structure of the corresponding replaceable water-stopping device 100 (including the drainage system in which the selective permeable membrane 120, the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium 113, and the counterweight 130 work together) has failed.

[0086] Specifically, when the first seal of the replaceable water-stopping device 100 in the first mounting groove 310 fails, seawater will flow out through the observation hole 118 after breaking through its sealing barrier. Maintenance personnel can then determine whether the device needs to be removed for replacement or repair. Similarly, if the device in the first mounting groove 310 is working normally but seawater appears in the observation hole 118 of the device in the second mounting groove 320, it indicates that the first line of defense has completely failed and the second line of defense has been subjected to leakage pressure. Both devices need to be checked or replaced simultaneously. The connection between the observation hole 118 and the expansion joint 300 allows seawater to flow out of the observation hole 118 along the shortest path after the seal fails, preventing seawater from spreading disorderly inside the device before being discovered. This enables real-time and visual monitoring of the working status of the sealing system, providing a clear basis for judging the maintenance timing for the expansion joint 300 leakage repair, avoiding blind excavation or over-repair, and significantly reducing the detection and maintenance costs throughout the entire life cycle.

[0087] The observation hole 118 can be inspected visually or by inserting a probe (such as a metal wire, humidity sensor probe, or electronic leak detector) into the hole. Visual inspection is suitable for working conditions where the location of the observation hole 118 is easy to see directly. Maintenance personnel can regularly inspect and directly observe whether there is seawater flowing out or dampness in the hole 118. When the observation hole 118 is located in a deeper or difficult-to-see location, a probe can be inserted into the observation hole 118. Whether water stains are brought out by the probe surface or whether there is seawater can be determined by the humidity sensor or conductivity detection device connected to the probe.

[0088] See Figures 8 to 11 As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the cylindrical body 110 of the replaceable water-stopping device 100 located in the second mounting groove 320 and the third mounting groove 330 is provided with a filling cavity 119 for filling elastic sealing grouting material 1110. The filling cavity 119 includes an inner cavity 1191 and an outer cavity 1192. The bottoms of the inner cavity 1191 and the outer cavity 1192 are connected. The outer cavity 1192 has an opening on the radially outward side.

[0089] The replaceable water-stopping device 100 located in the second mounting groove 320 and the third mounting groove 330 each has a filling cavity 119 for filling elastic sealing grouting material 1110. The filling cavity 119 includes an inner cavity 1191 and an outer cavity 1192 connected to the bottom. The outer cavity 1192 has an opening on the radially outward side. After installation, the elastic sealing grouting material 1110 can be injected from the grouting hole at the top of the inner cavity 1191 through a grouting device. The grouting material first enters the inner cavity 1191 and flows downward to the bottom, then enters the outer cavity 1192 through the bottom connecting channel, and then fills the entire space of the outer cavity 1192 from the bottom upward. Finally, it overflows from the radially outward opening of the outer cavity 1192 and contacts the inner wall of the mounting groove and the wall surface of the building 200. This grouting path from the inside out and from the bottom up can ensure elastic sealing. The grouting material 1110 completely fills the filling cavity 119, avoiding the formation of air bubbles or cavities. At the same time, the grouting material preferentially fills the interface area between the outer cavity 1192 and the building body 200, forming a continuous and uniform elastic sealing layer between the device and the building body 200. When the building bodies 200 on both sides of the expansion joint 300 are relatively misaligned or deformed under dynamic load, the elastic sealing grouting material 1110 filled at the opening of the outer cavity 1192 adapts to the deformation of the building body 200 wall due to its good elasticity, always maintaining close contact with the wall surface. It will not create a leakage channel due to the hard seal being pulled open. Thus, in addition to the active drainage mechanism of the replaceable water-stopping device 100, it provides the device in the second mounting groove 320 and the third mounting groove 330 with dynamic sealing capability that adapts to dynamic load deformation, significantly improving the overall reliability of the sealing system under long-term dynamic load service conditions.

[0090] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the elastic sealing grouting material 1110 is a polyurea grouting liquid. It can utilize the high elasticity, high bonding strength and excellent seawater corrosion resistance of the polyurea material after curing to form an elastic sealing layer in the filling cavity 119 that can expand and contract with the deformation of the wall surface of the building 200. Even if the building 200 on both sides of the expansion joint 300 is repeatedly misaligned or vibrated under dynamic load, the cured polyurea grouting liquid can still maintain a firm bond with the concrete and HDPE column body 110, and will not cause interface peeling or self-cracking due to fatigue.

[0091] In addition, since the multi-stage paraffin sealing system of the preceding replaceable water-stopping device 100 has already intercepted most of the chloride ions in the seawater, the concentration of aqueous chloride ions entering the grouting sealing layer is significantly reduced, thereby further slowing down the chemical erosion of the elastic sealing grouting material 1110 and extending the service life of the grouting sealing layer.

[0092] In some embodiments, the elastic sealing grouting material 1110 may also be an organosilicon sealant or a modified polyether material, as long as the material has sufficient elastic deformation capacity after curing to adapt to the repeated misalignment and expansion deformation of the expansion joint 300 under dynamic load, and has good bonding strength with concrete and column body 110 material (such as HDPE), and can withstand long-term seawater immersion and high salt spray environment without significant performance degradation.

[0093] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A replaceable water-stopping device, characterized in that, include: A cylindrical body, wherein a receiving cavity is provided on the cylindrical body, and a water inlet opening is provided on the radially outward side of the receiving cavity, and a water outlet channel is provided inside the cylindrical body; A selectively permeable membrane is provided at each of the water inlet openings. A hydrophobic liquid sealing medium with a density less than that of seawater is provided in the receiving cavity. The selectively permeable membrane allows seawater to enter the receiving cavity and prevents the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium from flowing out of the receiving cavity. The bottom of the receiving cavity is connected to the water outlet channel. A counterweight is disposed within the receiving cavity and above the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium, and is in vertical sealing sliding fit with the receiving cavity.

2. The replaceable water-stopping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylindrical body includes a first side and a second side disposed opposite to each other along a first direction, and both the first side and the second side are provided with the receiving cavity; And / or, the cylindrical body includes a third side and a fourth side disposed opposite to each other along the second direction, and both the third side and the fourth side are provided with the receiving cavity; And / or, the receiving cavity includes a first cavity and a second cavity, the bottom of the first cavity is connected to the bottom of the second cavity, the first cavity is located radially outside the second cavity, the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium is provided in both the first cavity and the second cavity, and the counterweight is provided in both the first cavity and the second cavity.

3. The replaceable water-stopping device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The selectively permeable membrane is provided at the inlet end of the water outlet channel; And / or, the cylindrical body is provided with fixing grooves on both sides of the water inlet, and fixing blocks are installed in the fixing grooves. Both sides of the selective water-permeable membrane are pressed and fixed in the fixing grooves by the fixing blocks.

4. The replaceable water-stopping device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The cylindrical body is a one-piece structure made of flexible material; And / or, the selectively permeable membrane is a hydrophilic modified PTFE membrane, a hydrophilic modified PVDF membrane, a hydrophilic modified PP membrane, a hydrophilic modified PE membrane, a nanofiber composite membrane, a MOF-based composite membrane, or a COF-based composite membrane; And / or, the hydrophobic liquid sealing medium is a low-melting-point paraffin wax, silicone oil, mineral oil, vegetable oil-based hydrophobic liquid, or synthetic hydrophobic sealing liquid.

5. An expansion joint sealing system, characterized in that, include: Two building bodies are spaced apart along a first direction and form an expansion joint. A first mounting groove, a second mounting groove, and a third mounting groove are spaced apart between the two building bodies. The first mounting groove, the second mounting groove, and the third mounting groove are arranged sequentially along the direction away from the seawater and all extend along a third direction. Three replaceable water-stopping devices as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the three replaceable water-stopping devices are respectively engaged in the first mounting groove, the second mounting groove and the third mounting groove.

6. The expansion joint sealing system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The replaceable water-stopping device located in the first mounting groove is provided with limiting fitting parts on both sides along the first direction, for limiting fitting with the two building bodies respectively.

7. The expansion joint sealing system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The limiting fit part is a hollow structure, and the limiting fit part is filled with an expansive sealing filler, which expands after curing and applies radial pressure to the wall surface of the building body to form a sealing fit.

8. The expansion joint sealing system according to claim 5, characterized in that, Each of the three replaceable water-stopping devices has a water-facing protective opening on its cylindrical body to resist seawater impact; The water-facing protective openings of the replaceable water-stop device located in the first and second mounting slots are both positioned facing the side of the expansion joint closest to the seawater, while the water-facing protective opening of the replaceable water-stop device located in the third mounting slot is positioned away from the side of the expansion joint closest to the seawater.

9. The expansion joint sealing system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cylindrical body of the replaceable water-stopping device located in the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove is provided with an observation hole, which is connected to the expansion joint.

10. The expansion joint sealing system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cylindrical body of the replaceable water-stopping device located in the second and third mounting slots is provided with a filling cavity for filling elastic sealing grouting material. The filling cavity includes an inner cavity and an outer cavity. The bottoms of the inner cavity and the outer cavity are connected. The outer cavity has an opening on the radially outward side.

11. The expansion joint sealing system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The elastic sealing grouting material is polyurea grout, silicone sealant, or modified polyether material.

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