A dual-tower wet sodium alkali method desulfurization and dust removal denitration device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of waste gas purification technology and discloses a dual-tower wet sodium alkali desulfurization, dust removal, and denitrification device, including a slurry collection tank. The inner wall of the slurry collection tank is equipped with a foam-breaking component. The slurry collection tank comprises an upper tank and a lower tank placed vertically. An air inlet connected to a pipeline port is located in the middle of the side of the upper tank. A conveying pipe connected to a regeneration tank is located on the side of the lower tank. A movable component is located at the bottom of the inner wall of the lower tank, and the foam-breaking component is fitted onto the outer wall of the movable component. This invention incorporates a foam-breaking component. The floating ring is an annular buoyancy-bearing base that rises and falls autonomously with changes in foam layer thickness due to its own buoyancy. A push ring is integrally fixedly installed at the top of the floating ring. The push ring can move vertically synchronously with the floating ring, and when it floats to its limit position, it can precisely contact the spray sensor to complete the travel limit. A floating net is fixedly arranged inside the push ring. The floating net is laid flat, and a dense layer of barbs is evenly distributed on its upper surface. The barbs can directly penetrate the foam to complete the initial foam-breaking operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste gas purification technology, specifically to a dual-tower wet sodium alkali desulfurization, dust removal, and denitrification device. Background Technology

[0002] To treat flue gas from small and medium-sized coal-fired boilers, industrial kilns, sintering machines, and waste incinerators, the flue gas first passes through an ozone oxidation or catalytic oxidation device installed at the front end to convert the sparingly soluble nitric oxide into nitrogen dioxide, which is then absorbed and removed by the alkaline solution in the absorption tower. The absorption tower employs a dual-tower wet sodium alkali method for highly efficient flue gas purification. Its core principle is to utilize sodium-based absorbent in a dual-tower structure to achieve staged removal of pollutants. The specific workflow is as follows: Dust- and sulfur-containing flue gas first enters a pre-washing tower, where particulate matter is removed and the gas is cooled by spray water. It then enters the absorption tower, where the sprayed sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate solution rapidly reacts with sulfur dioxide to generate sodium sulfite, thus achieving highly efficient desulfurization. Unlike the traditional limestone-gypsum method, the sodium alkali absorbent is sent to an external regeneration tank, where lime slurry is added to regenerate it into sodium hydroxide for recycling. The reaction byproduct, calcium sulfite, is precipitated and discharged, avoiding scaling inside the tower and reducing reagent costs.

[0003] In actual production, fine dust that the pre-washing tower failed to completely remove, along with unburned tar, phenols, fatty acids, and other substances in the flue gas, act as highly efficient foaming and stabilizing agents. When the spray liquid falls at high speed and violently impacts the reverse flue gas, it entrains a large number of fine bubbles. Simultaneously, tiny dust particles and unreacted carbon particles from the flue gas adhere to the bubble surface, acting like a layer of "armor" to prevent bubble merging or rupture, greatly enhancing foam stability. Furthermore, the reaction of sulfate ions in the slurry and external disturbances such as the start-up and shutdown of the circulating pump further exacerbate foam generation. The foam layer formed by the large accumulation of foam not only prevents the level gauge from sensing the true liquid level, causing false readings and easily leading to misoperation and slurry overflow—which can cause overflowing slurry to flow back into the flue or even backflow into the booster fan, damaging the equipment—but also forms a physical barrier between the gas and liquid, hindering the mass transfer and absorption of pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, significantly reducing desulfurization and denitrification efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a dual-tower wet sodium alkali desulfurization, dust removal, and denitrification device. This device effectively solves the problem in existing technologies where foam generation is attributed to dust, tar, and carbon particles carried in the flue gas acting as foaming and stabilizing agents. These particles form a stable foam layer during gas-liquid collision, leading to false liquid levels, slurry overflow, equipment damage, and a significant reduction in desulfurization and denitrification efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a dual-tower wet sodium alkali desulfurization, dust removal, and denitrification device, comprising: The pre-washing tower has a pipe fixedly connected to its upper air outlet, and an absorption tower is fixedly connected to the other end of the pipe. The absorption tower includes a spray system for conveying the solution and a drain pipe for discharging the slurry. The flue gas is first sprayed with water in the pre-washing tower for dust removal and cooling, and then enters the absorption tower. The spray system conveys sodium carbonate solution to be sprayed in the absorption tower to absorb sulfur dioxide. Finally, the slurry is sent to the regeneration tank for lime regeneration through the drain pipe. The absorption tower also includes a slurry collection tank located at the bottom for holding the slurry. The inner wall of the slurry collection tank is provided with a blasting component. The slurry collection tank includes an upper tank and a lower tank placed vertically. An air inlet connected to a pipe port is opened in the middle of the side of the upper tank. A conveying pipe connected to a regeneration tank is provided on the side of the lower tank. A movable component is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the lower tank. A blasting component is sleeved on the outer wall of the movable component. The bottom end of the cannon-breaking component is provided with a defoaming component sleeved on the outer wall of the movable component.

[0006] Furthermore, a spray sensor is provided on the inner wall of the upper pool at the lower edge of the air inlet. The breaker includes a floating ring located below the spray sensor. A push ring is provided at the top of the floating ring to contact the spray sensor. A floating net is provided on the inner wall of the push ring. A barbed layer is provided on the upper surface of the floating net. The middle part of the floating net is slidably connected to the outer wall of the movable part.

[0007] Furthermore, the movable component includes a central guide rail disposed on the inner wall of the lower pool, and a drive blade is fixedly connected to the top of the central guide rail, the drive blade being an umbrella-shaped design.

[0008] Furthermore, the defoaming component includes a stirring blade sleeved on the outer wall of the central guide rail. The top of the stirring blade is provided with a guide plate, and each of the four corners of the top of the guide plate is provided with a connection port. The connection port is fixedly connected to the bottom of the floating ring through a connecting rod.

[0009] Furthermore, a float plate is filled in the middle of the bottom end of the agitator blade, and a fixed seat is fixedly connected to each of the four corners of the bottom end of the agitator blade. A shearing fan blade is rotatably connected to the end of the fixed seat away from the agitator blade.

[0010] Furthermore, the blades of the shearing fan are designed with a blunt leading edge and a sharp trailing edge, and the blade surface is provided with micro-serrations and guide grooves.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper and lower ends of the stirring blade are symmetrically fixedly connected with scraping rings, the inner wall of the scraping ring is provided with ball bearings, the scraping ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the central guide rail, and the outer wall of the scraping ring is provided with a flow guiding slope.

[0012] Furthermore, the drive blade is located above the floating ring, and the diameter of the drive blade is larger than the maximum diameter of the scraping ring.

[0013] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: This invention includes a foam-breaking component. The floating ring is an annular buoyancy-bearing base made of low-density, corrosion-resistant material and filled with high-density buoyancy filler. It relies on its own buoyancy to rise and fall autonomously according to the thickness of the foam layer. A push ring is integrally fixed at the top of the floating ring. The push ring can move vertically synchronously with the floating ring. When it rises to its limit position, it can precisely fit against the spray sensor to complete the travel limit. A floating net is fixedly arranged inside the push ring. The floating net is laid flat and has a dense layer of barbs evenly distributed on its upper surface. The barbs can directly penetrate into the foam to complete the initial foam-breaking operation. A sliding through hole is reserved in the center of the floating net, which can smoothly fit against the outer wall of the moving part to achieve vertical sliding without jamming.

[0014] This invention incorporates movable components that restrict the externally mounted blasting and defoaming components to vertical movement along the guide rail. Simultaneously, it supports the entire linkage structure in circumferential rotation around the guide rail, completely avoiding issues such as positional shifts, structural jamming, and erratic movement trajectories during operation, ensuring smooth and stable operation of the entire motion structure. The umbrella-shaped drive blades maximize the absorption of the impact kinetic energy of the falling sprayed slurry, efficiently converting the gravitational potential energy carried by the sprayed slurry into the mechanical kinetic energy of the circumferential rotation of the entire linkage structure. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the absorption tower structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid accumulation tank structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cannon-breaking component structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the moving part structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the defoaming component structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the defoaming component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Pre-washing tower; 2. Pipeline; 3. Absorption tower; 31. Spray system; 32. Liquid collection tank; 321. Upper tank; 322. Lower tank; 323. Air inlet; 324. Spray sensor; 33. Drain pipe; 34. Defoamer; 341. Float ring; 342. Push ring; 343. Float net; 35. Moving part; 351. Drive blade; 352. Center guide rail; 36. Defoamer; 361. Agitator blade; 362. Scraper ring; 363. Guide plate; 365. Connection port; 366. Float plate; 367. Fixed base; 368. Shearing fan blade. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0020] Example:

[0021] Please see Figures 1-7 This invention provides a technical solution for a dual-tower wet sodium alkali desulfurization, dust removal, and denitrification device: refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The complete device of this invention consists of two main parts: a flue gas pretreatment unit and a flue gas desulfurization and denitrification purification unit. The flue gas pretreatment unit is a pre-washing tower 1, which mainly undertakes the preliminary purification treatment of raw industrial flue gas. The pre-washing tower 1 is equipped with multiple layers of water washing spray pipes and dust removal packing layers, which can perform spray water washing operations on the high-temperature dust-containing flue gas entering the tower body. On the one hand, it can quickly reduce the overall temperature of the flue gas and eliminate the adverse effects of high-temperature flue gas on the reaction efficiency of alkaline slurry inside the subsequent absorption tower 3. On the other hand, it can intercept large-diameter dust particles and some light impurities inside the flue gas by relying on the water washing spray, thus completing the preliminary dust removal and purification of the flue gas and significantly reducing the purification treatment pressure of the downstream absorption tower 3.

[0022] The clean, low-temperature flue gas that has been pretreated by the pre-washing tower 1 is smoothly transported to the interior of the rear absorption tower 3 through the pipe 2 connected to the top air outlet. The pipe 2 serves as a directional flue gas transport channel and is made of corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant material. It can withstand the erosion of trace corrosive media inside the flue gas for a long time, ensuring that the flue gas transport channel is unobstructed.

[0023] The absorption tower 3, as the core purification equipment of the entire system, adopts a vertical cylindrical anti-corrosion tower structure. Internally, it is divided into a flue gas convergence area, a slurry spraying reaction area, a gas-liquid separation area, and a bottom slurry storage area from top to bottom. Its core functional components include a spray system 31, a drain pipe 33, and a bottom slurry collection tank 32. The spray system 31 is evenly distributed in the upper part of the absorption tower 3, spraying the externally transported sodium carbonate alkaline desulfurization slurry downwards to form a dense slurry spray curtain. This curtain fully contacts the flue gas flowing upwards in the opposite direction, utilizing the effective alkaline substances within the alkaline slurry to precisely absorb atmospheric pollutants such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas, completing the deep desulfurization and denitrification purification of the flue gas. After sufficient reaction, the waste slurry rich in salt reactants can be uniformly transported outwards through the drain pipe 33 to an external regeneration tank. By adding regenerable raw materials such as lime, the sodium alkali slurry is regenerated and purified, achieving the recycling of the desulfurization slurry and effectively reducing material consumption costs.

[0024] The slurry collection tank 32, integrally formed and located at the bottom of the absorption tower 3, is the core cavity structure of the entire device for storing alkaline desulfurization slurry and collecting waste slurry after reaction. It is also the main installation area for the adaptive defoaming and anti-deposition integrated functional structure of this invention. The slurry collection tank 32 adopts a layered structure design, divided into two independent cavities: an upper tank 321 and a lower tank 322. The upper and lower cavities are interconnected to form a complete slurry storage space. The layered structure can stably divide the flue gas inlet area and the slurry storage and stirring area, and can also precisely limit the lifting and lowering range of the adaptive defoaming structure, avoiding positional interference with the flue gas inlet structure during operation.

[0025] An integrated air inlet 323 is opened in the middle of the side of the upper pool 321. The air inlet 323 is precisely connected to the port of the front flue gas conveying pipe 2. The flue gas after pretreatment can be smoothly passed into the absorption tower 3 through the air inlet 323 and enter the spray reaction area upward to complete the pollutant removal operation. refer to Figure 4 A movable component 35 is vertically fixed at the bottom of the inner wall of the lower pool 322. The movable component 35 serves as the core guide and support component of the entire adaptive defoaming and anti-deposition structure. It vertically penetrates the upper and lower cavities of the liquid accumulation pool 32, providing a vertical sliding guide and rotational support foundation for all other moving components. A foam breaking component 34, which can be vertically raised and lowered and rotated circumferentially, is movably fitted outside the movable component 35. The foam breaking component 34 is the core execution structure for foam sensing and preliminary foam breaking. It can accurately sense the change in the thickness of the foam layer above the liquid accumulation pool 32 by relying on its own buoyancy changes and autonomously complete the vertical raising and lowering action.

[0026] A spray sensor 324 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the upper pool 321 and at the lower edge of the air inlet 323. The spray sensor 324 can accurately sense the flow rate of the spray slurry falling inside the absorption tower 3 and the height of the slurry surface. At the same time, it can form a positional contact with the breaker 34 after it floats up, accurately limiting the maximum floating stroke of the breaker 34 and avoiding collision damage caused by excessive floating of the structure.

[0027] The foam breaking component 34 is assembled as a whole, mainly consisting of three parts: a floating ring 341, a push ring 342, and a floating net 343. The floating ring 341 is a ring-shaped buoyancy support base, made of low-density corrosion-resistant material and filled with high-density buoyancy filler material. It can rise and fall autonomously with the change of foam layer thickness by relying on its own buoyancy. The push ring 342 is integrally fixedly installed at the top of the floating ring 341. The push ring 342 can move vertically synchronously with the floating ring 341. When it floats to the limit position, it can accurately fit and contact the spray sensor 324 to complete the stroke limit. The floating net 343 is fixedly arranged inside the push ring 342. The floating net 343 is laid flat and has a dense layer of barbs evenly distributed on the upper surface. The barbs can directly penetrate into the foam to complete the initial foam breaking operation. The floating net 343 has a reserved sliding through hole in the center, which can smoothly fit against the outer wall of the movable component 35 to achieve vertical sliding without jamming. At the same time, a defoaming component 36 is fixedly assembled at the bottom of the blasting component 34. The defoaming component 36 and the blasting component 34 above form a rigid linkage structure. The two complete the vertical lifting and circumferential rotation movements synchronously. The defoaming component 36 mainly undertakes multiple functions such as slurry stirring and disturbance, deep foam shearing and breaking, and automatic cleaning of the guide rail surface. It works together with the blasting component 34 to form a multi-level, all-dimensional adaptive defoaming and anti-deposition integrated operation system.

[0028] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The movable component 35 is composed of a central guide rail 352 and a drive blade 351. The central guide rail 352 is vertically fixed at the bottom of the inner wall of the lower tank 322, and is arranged vertically along the central axis of the absorption tower 3. The lower end is firmly fixed to the base of the tower, and the upper end can be connected to the inner wall of the absorption tower 3 with an auxiliary tie structure to further improve the overall structural stability and effectively avoid structural tilting, swaying and displacement problems that may occur under long-term rotational disturbance conditions. The central guide rail 352 is preferably made of wear-resistant stainless steel or anti-corrosion plastic-lined pipe, which has extremely strong resistance to slurry corrosion and slurry erosion and wear, and can be immersed in alkaline desulfurization slurry for a long time without rusting, deformation, or damage, resulting in a long service life.

[0029] The drive blade 351 is integrally fixedly connected to the top of the central guide rail 352. The drive blade 351 adopts an umbrella-shaped streamlined structure design, with the umbrella-shaped opening facing the upper spray system 31 of the absorption tower 3, precisely aligned with the high-density slurry spray flow 31 falling from the spray system.

[0030] The central guide rail 352 has a precise vertical guiding and constraint function, which can strictly limit the externally mounted blasting component 34 and defoaming component 36 to only complete the vertical movement along the guide rail. At the same time, it can support the entire linkage structure to complete the circumferential rotation movement around the guide rail, completely avoiding problems such as positional deviation, structural jamming, and chaotic running trajectory during the movement, and ensuring the smooth and stable operation of the entire moving structure. The umbrella-shaped drive blade 351 can maximize the impact kinetic energy of the falling sprayed slurry, and efficiently convert the gravitational potential energy carried by the sprayed slurry itself into the mechanical kinetic energy of the circumferential rotation of the entire linkage structure.

[0031] refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The defoaming component 36 is a core functional component for achieving deep foam breaking and bottom slurry agitation. Its main body is an agitator blade 361 sleeved on the outer wall of the central guide rail 352. The agitator blade 361 has a disc-shaped assembly structure and can rise, fall, and rotate synchronously with the entire linkage structure. A guide plate 363 is integrally arranged at the top of the agitator blade 361. The guide plate 363 adopts an arc-shaped guide design, which can divert and guide the falling slurry, reduce the direct impact of the slurry on the lower structure, and improve the uniformity of slurry flow. Fixed connection ports 365 are reserved at the four corners of the top of the guide plate 363. The connection ports 365 are firmly connected to the bottom of the upper floating ring 341 through high-strength corrosion-resistant connecting rods, realizing the rigid locking of the defoaming component 36 and the blasting component 34, forming an integrated linkage structure.

[0032] When the upper floating ring 341 floats upward with the added buoyancy of the foam, it can simultaneously drive the lower stirring blade 361 to rise as a whole, allowing the stirring and deep foam breaking structure to accurately cut into the bottom area of ​​the foam layer to carry out operations. This precisely matches the distribution position of the foam layer, greatly improving the accuracy and efficiency of mechanical defoaming operations and avoiding problems such as misalignment of the defoaming structure and blind spots in defoaming operations.

[0033] A float plate 366 is sealed and filled at the center of the bottom end of the stirring blade 361. The float plate 366 is made of lightweight, high-density buoyancy material and can further supplement the overall buoyancy of the entire linkage structure. Even under conditions of fluctuating slurry concentration and insufficient foam buoyancy, the entire structure can still be guaranteed to complete the floating action smoothly, improving the adaptability of the device to operating conditions. Fixing seats 367 are evenly fixed at the four corners of the bottom end of the stirring blade 361. The end of each fixing seat 367 away from the stirring blade 361 is equipped with a shearing fan blade 368 through a hinge shaft. The shearing fan blade 368 can be freely retracted and extended by relying on the hinge structure.

[0034] The shear blade 368 adopts a biomimetic irregular blade structure design. The blade is designed with an asymmetrical shape, featuring a blunt, thick leading edge and a sharp trailing edge. Simultaneously, a micro-serrated structure and a linear guide groove structure are integrally machined onto the outer surface of the blade. When the device is in the stirring state inside the slurry at the bottom of the tower, the shear blade 368 automatically retracts inward due to the resistance of the slurry flow, reducing the overall moving volume, lowering the operating resistance during the slurry rotation and stirring process, and minimizing kinetic energy loss. When the entire structure floats into the foam layer to carry out foam breaking operations, the shear blade 368 automatically and completely unfolds outward under the combined action of rotational centrifugal force and the upward resistance of the foam layer, expanding the breaking operation range.

[0035] The blunt, thick leading edge can smoothly push apart thick, clustered foam clumps, preventing the blades from directly impacting the foam and causing jamming or stagnation; the sharp trailing edge can quickly cut and tear the stable foam film with a hard dust protective layer; the micro-serrations on the blade surface can further tear and break up small, stubborn bubbles, and the guide grooves can quickly stretch the thin-walled structure of the foam, accelerating the bursting and dissipation of bubbles. It has an excellent effect on breaking up highly stable, stubborn foam containing tar and dust particles inside wet desulfurization systems. At the same time, the streamlined structure of the blades does not easily adhere to soot particles and viscous impurities, and has good self-cleaning ability.

[0036] Two sets of scraping rings 362 are symmetrically fixed at the upper and lower ends of the stirring blade 361. The double-set arrangement forms a double-protection descaling structure. The scraping ring 362 is a ring-shaped sleeve structure. The hollow area inside fits tightly with the outer wall of the central guide rail 352. Wear-resistant rolling balls are evenly embedded in the inner wall of the scraping ring 362. The rolling friction between the scraping ring 362 and the central guide rail 352 is achieved by relying on the rolling balls, which minimizes the sliding friction resistance generated during the vertical lifting process of the entire structure, ensuring that the lifting action of the structure is light and smooth, and there will be no malfunctions such as lifting stiffness, jamming or stuck.

[0037] Meanwhile, the outer wall of the scraper ring 362 is uniformly machined into an inclined guide surface. This guide surface can directionally guide the flow of desulfurization slurry, quickly diverting and flushing the scraped-off salt crystals, dust, sludge, and impurities to the slurry flow area. The slurry then naturally disperses the debris, preventing it from accumulating around the guide rail and causing further scaling. Furthermore, the scraper ring 362 adopts a segmented assembly structure with internal elastic buffer components and double-edged hard scraping teeth, providing extremely strong scraping and cleaning capabilities. It can precisely scrape away various stubborn scale deposits such as sulfate crystals, sludge, and alkaline salt deposits that have accumulated on the outer wall of the central guide rail 352 due to long-term immersion in slurry.

[0038] The upper and lower sets of scraping rings 362 serve as backup structures for each other. Even if one set of scraping teeth experiences slight wear and its cleaning ability decreases, the other set can still stably complete the guide rail cleaning operation, ensuring the cleanliness of the guide rail surface during long-term operation.

[0039] The drive blade 351 is vertically positioned higher than the floating ring 341, and the overall outer diameter of the drive blade 351 is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the scraping ring 362. This layout has been optimized through repeated working condition simulations and possesses strong practicality and rationality.

[0040] The alkaline slurry sprayed by the upper spray system 31 of the absorption tower 3 will preferentially impact the umbrella-shaped drive blades 351 at a higher position, maximizing the conversion of the slurry's impact force into structural rotational power, ensuring that the entire linkage structure has sufficient and stable rotational driving force. After completing the kinetic energy conversion, the slurry continues to flow downwards and can smoothly pass through the hollow area in the middle of the floating ring 341 without being blocked or buffered by structures such as the floating net 343 and the barbed layer, avoiding significant loss of slurry's kinetic energy. This ensures both hydraulic drive efficiency and does not affect the normal convergence and flow of slurry inside the tower.

[0041] The large-size drive blade 351 can provide top protection for the entire floating motion structure below, effectively intercepting large particles of impurities, detached filler debris and other foreign objects carried in the sprayed slurry, preventing foreign objects from falling directly into the gaps of the floating structure and causing the structure to jam, and further improving the operational stability and safety factor of the entire adaptive motion structure.

[0042] When the flue gas conditions inside the absorption tower 3 are stable, and the content of foaming substances such as tar and fine dust inside the flue gas is low, and no foam layer is generated above the slurry pool 32 inside the tower or only a small amount of scattered bubbles are generated, the entire set of adaptive defoaming and anti-deposition integrated device relies on its own precise counterweight design. The total weight of the device is slightly greater than the basic buoyancy provided by the slurry. The device sinks steadily and is placed in close contact with the bottom of the slurry deep in the lower pool 322, maintaining a low-level static foundation state.

[0043] Under this operating condition, the upper spray system 31 of the absorber tower 3 continuously sprays sodium carbonate alkaline desulfurization slurry downwards. The high-density slurry flow continuously impacts the top umbrella-shaped drive blades 351, and the stable impact kinetic energy continuously drives the entire linkage structure to maintain a low-speed uniform circumferential rotation around the central guide rail 352. During the rotation of the structure, the bottom stirring blades 361 and the shearing fan blades 368 in the retracted state simultaneously perform all-round, dead-angle-free stirring and disturbance operations on the desulfurization slurry stored inside the lower tank 322.

[0044] The continuous rotation and agitation during operation creates a large-scale circulating slurry flow, ensuring that fine dust particles and unburned carbon particles carried by the flue gas and settling to the bottom of the tower remain suspended and dispersed. This prevents them from accumulating at the bottom of the slurry pool 32 and forming a layer of gray-black viscous sludge, thus eliminating the potential for sludge deposition at the bottom of the tower. The uniform stirring and agitation of the slurry breaks up local concentration and temperature imbalances within the tower, maintaining a high degree of homogeneity and uniformity in the concentration and temperature of the desulfurization slurry in the entire slurry pool 32. This effectively prevents the precipitation of hard crystals from easily soluble salts such as sodium sulfite and sodium sulfate under localized supersaturation. At the same time, the flowing slurry continuously flushes the inner wall of the tower bottom and the interface of the drain pipe 33, inhibiting the adhesion and accumulation of crystalline substances and ensuring the smooth and stable operation of the slurry circulation and transportation system.

[0045] When the industrial flue gas conditions fluctuate, the content of tar and phenolic organic matter inside the flue gas increases, and a large number of fine dust particles are carried in. The gas and liquid inside the absorption tower 3 collide violently in the opposite direction, which will quickly generate a large number of dense bubbles. The bubbles adsorb solid particles to form a stable thick foam layer. The foam layer gradually spreads upward and accumulates. At this time, the device automatically switches to the floating and bubble breaking operation mode.

[0046] The foam layer gradually wraps around the entire structure of the floating ring 341 and the floating net 343. The large amount of sealed air and solid particles trapped inside the foam will provide a huge amount of additional buoyancy for the entire floating device. When the sum of the buoyancy of the slurry base and the additional buoyancy of the foam is greater than the overall weight of the device, the entire linkage structure no longer remains in a low static state and begins to float vertically and steadily upward along the central guide rail 352. During the entire upward movement, the scraping rings 362 on the upper and lower sides of the stirring blades 361 slide synchronously along the outer wall of the guide rail, scraping away newly formed scale on the surface of the guide rail in real time, ensuring that the upward movement is smooth and unobstructed throughout.

[0047] During the upward movement of the structure, the high-density barbed layer on the surface of the floating net 343 first pierces into the interior of the bottom foam layer, using the hard spikes to directly pierce and cut the large bubble structure, completing the first pre-defoaming operation. As the structure continues to rise, the bottom defoaming component 36, which is rigidly linked with the floating ring 341, rises synchronously, allowing the shearing blades 368, which are in a retracted state, to completely cut into the interior of the foam layer. The centrifugal force generated by the continuous rotation of the structure pushes the shearing blades 368 to fully unfold outward. Relying on the special irregular structure, micro-serrations, and guide grooves of the blades, the middle and upper thick foam layers are subjected to all-round shearing, tearing, stretching, and breaking operations, realizing the second main mechanical defoaming operation. Relying on the multi-level linkage defoaming mode, the stable foam layer is disintegrated and eliminated layer by layer from the bottom of the foam layer to the top until the entire device rises to the limit position of the top of the foam layer. The push ring 342 contacts the spray sensor 324 to complete the stroke limit, the device stops the upward movement, and continues to rotate to thoroughly remove the remaining scattered bubbles.

[0048] This operating mode uses a purely mechanical method to break up foam at its source, eliminating the need for manual addition of any chemical defoaming agents. This completely eliminates problems such as increased operating costs, slurry quality degradation, and reduced byproduct utilization efficiency associated with chemical agents. Furthermore, it generates no secondary pollutants, ensuring green and environmentally friendly operation. After the thick foam layer is quickly and thoroughly removed, the true slurry level inside absorption tower 3 is completely exposed. On-site level monitoring equipment can accurately collect the true level data, completely resolving the problem of excessive slurry replenishment caused by false level readings. This addresses human error issues such as slurry discharge control mistakes, fundamentally preventing slurry overflow accidents within the tower; it eliminates the physical barrier layer of foam between gas and liquid, allowing the sprayed alkaline slurry to fully counter-current contact with sulfur- and nitrogen-containing flue gas, steadily improving the removal efficiency of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide pollutants, and ensuring long-term stable and compliant emissions of flue gas; it prevents foam from carrying large amounts of alkaline slurry upwards, effectively preventing slurry from flowing back into the flue and impacting the booster fan, comprehensively protecting the front-end flue gas conveying fan equipment, and reducing the probability of fan corrosion and impeller damage failures.

[0049] When the flue gas conditions return to stability and the content of foaming impurities inside the flue gas returns to normal levels, the foam layer inside the tower gradually dissipates and disappears after being mechanically broken. After the foam layer completely disappears, the entire floating device loses the additional buoyancy support provided by the foam, and the overall weight of the device is once again greater than the buoyancy of the slurry foundation. The entire linkage structure descends vertically and steadily along the central guide rail 352, gradually resetting and returning to the initial foundation mixing position at the bottom of the lower pool 322.

[0050] Throughout the entire process of the device's descent and resetting, the entire structure maintains a low-speed, uniform rotation. The hydraulically driven mode continues normal operation, and the large-scale slurry flow generated by the rotation thoroughly washes the surfaces of all foam-breaking components, including the floating net 343 barbed layer, shear blades 368, and agitator blades 361. This effectively removes dust particles, carbon particles, and viscous foam residues adhering to the surface during the foam-breaking process, allowing these solid impurities to reintegrate into the slurry system and be discharged with the slurry to the regeneration tank for unified treatment. This achieves self-cleaning and maintenance of the entire defoaming structure, preventing long-term accumulation of impurities that could cause functional failure of the foam-breaking components. Simultaneously, during descent, the scraping ring 362 performs a second comprehensive cleaning of the outer wall of the central guide rail 352, thoroughly removing any trace amounts of scale generated during the ascent. This ensures the guide rail's outer wall remains smooth and clean, guaranteeing long-term stable and reliable operation of the device during lifting, lowering, and rotation. After the device is fully reset, it re-enters normal slurry mixing operation, awaiting the next foam generation to automatically initiate the defoaming process, completing the entire automated cyclic operation.

[0051] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-tower wet sodium alkali desulfurization, dust removal, and denitrification device, characterized in that, include: A pre-washing tower (1) is fixedly connected to an air outlet at the top of the pre-washing tower (1) and an absorption tower (3) is fixedly connected to the other end of the air outlet. The absorption tower (3) includes a spray system (31) for transmitting the solution and a drain pipe (33) for discharging the slurry. The flue gas is first sprayed with water to remove dust and cool down in the pre-washing tower (1) and then enters the absorption tower (3). The spray system (31) transmits sodium carbonate solution to be sprayed in the absorption tower (3) to absorb sulfur dioxide. Finally, the slurry is sent to the regeneration tank for lime regeneration through the drain pipe (33). The absorption tower (3) also includes a slurry collection tank (32) located at the bottom for carrying the slurry. The inner wall of the slurry collection tank (32) is provided with a blasting component (34). The slurry collection tank (32) includes an upper tank (321) and a lower tank (322) placed vertically. The upper tank (321) has an air inlet (323) in the middle of its side that is connected to the port of the pipe (2). The lower tank (322) has a conveying pipe connected to the regeneration tank on its side. The bottom of the inner wall of the lower tank (322) is provided with a movable component (35). The outer wall of the movable component (35) is fitted with a blasting component (34). The bottom end of the cannon-breaking component (34) is provided with a defoaming component (36) sleeved on the outer wall of the movable component (35).

2. The dual-tower wet sodium alkali desulfurization, dust removal, and denitrification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the upper pool (321) is provided with a spray sensor (324) at the lower edge of the air inlet (323). The blasting component (34) includes a floating ring (341) located below the spray sensor (324). The top of the floating ring (341) is provided with a push ring (342) that contacts the spray sensor (324). The inner wall of the push ring (342) is provided with a floating net (343). The upper surface of the floating net (343) is provided with a barbed layer. The middle part of the floating net (343) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the movable component (35).

3. The dual-tower wet sodium alkali desulfurization, dust removal, and denitrification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable component (35) includes a central guide rail (352) disposed on the inner wall of the lower pool (322), and a drive blade (351) is fixedly connected to the top of the central guide rail (352). The drive blade (351) adopts an umbrella-shaped design.

4. The dual-tower wet sodium alkali desulfurization, dust removal, and denitrification device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The defoaming component (36) includes an agitator blade (361) sleeved on the outer wall of the central guide rail (352). The top of the agitator blade (361) is provided with a guide plate (363). The four corners of the top of the guide plate (363) are provided with connection ports (365). The connection ports (365) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the float ring (341) through a connecting rod.

5. The dual-tower wet sodium alkali desulfurization, dust removal, and denitrification device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom center of the agitator blade (361) is filled with a float plate (366), and the four corners of the bottom of the agitator blade (361) are fixedly connected with a fixing seat (367). The end of the fixing seat (367) away from the agitator blade (361) is rotatably connected with a shearing fan blade (368).

6. The dual-tower wet sodium alkali desulfurization, dust removal, and denitrification device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The blades of the shearing fan (368) are designed with a blunt leading edge and a sharp trailing edge, and the blade surface is provided with micro-serrations and flow guide grooves.

7. A dual-tower wet sodium alkali desulfurization, dust removal, and denitrification device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The agitator blade (361) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends with scraper rings (362). The inner wall of the scraper ring (362) is provided with ball bearings. The scraper ring (362) is sleeved on the outer wall of the central guide rail (352), and the outer wall of the scraper ring (362) is provided with a flow guiding slope.

8. The dual-tower wet sodium alkali desulfurization, dust removal, and denitrification device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The drive blade (351) is located above the floating ring (341), and the diameter of the drive blade (351) is larger than the maximum diameter of the scraping ring (362).

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