Batch coating protection device and method suitable for different leaves

Abstract

A batch coating protection device and method suitable for different blades, relates to the technical field of vacuum coating and surface engineering. The coating chamber is equipped with a heater, the motion control mechanism is arranged at the top of the coating chamber, and is connected with a bias power supply. The non-shielded modular clamp is detachably installed between the motion control mechanisms, the evaporation source is arranged at the bottom of the coating chamber, the vacuum and gas supply system is connected with the coating chamber for vacuumizing, and is respectively connected with the coating chamber and the high-current ion source for supplying reaction gas and working gas. The water supply and power supply system cools and dissipates heat for the high-current ion source and the electron gun, and simultaneously provides working power. The control system realizes real-time control and adjustment of various process parameters. Through optimization of the high-current ion enhanced electron beam evaporation coating technology, and combined with the motion control mechanism of planetary rotation and revolution to avoid mutual shielding problem, high-quality and rapid deposition of protective film on different shaped blades can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vacuum coating and surface engineering technology, specifically a batch coating protection device and method suitable for different blades. Background Technology

[0002] As core power components, steam turbine and aero-engine blades operate under high temperature, high pressure, and high-speed airflow environments for extended periods, facing severe threats from solid particle erosion and chemical corrosion. These synergistic damages can easily lead to aerodynamic profile damage or even fracture failure of the blades, directly threatening the operational safety of the unit.

[0003] Currently, physical vapor deposition (PVD) technology is widely used to prepare protective coatings on blade surfaces, which can significantly improve the wear and corrosion resistance of blades. However, traditional coating protection devices can generally only achieve surface coating on a single blade, making it difficult to perform batch operations on different blades. The coating efficiency is low, and simultaneously coating multiple blades is subject to mutual shading, which affects the coating effect and makes it difficult to achieve synergistic optimization of coating quality and efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of the prior art, this invention provides a batch coating protection device and method suitable for different blades. By optimizing the high-current ion-enhanced electron beam evaporation coating technology and combining it with a planetary rotation motion control mechanism to avoid mutual occlusion, it can simultaneously deposit high-quality and rapid protective films on blades of different shapes.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A batch coating protection device suitable for different blades includes a coating chamber, a motion control mechanism, a non-shielded modular fixture, an evaporation source, a vacuum and gas supply system, a water and power supply system, and a control system.

[0007] The coating chamber is a sealed vacuum chamber equipped with a heater;

[0008] The motion control mechanism is located between two opposite side walls at the top of the coating chamber. It includes two main rotating disks arranged opposite each other and rigidly connected coaxially by a connecting rod. Multiple self-rotating disks are respectively set in the circumferential direction of the main rotating disks through gear transmission. The self-rotating disks can rotate on their own axis while rotating with the main rotating disks. The motion control mechanism is also connected to a bias power supply.

[0009] The non-shielded modular fixture can be detachably installed between two horizontally opposite self-rotating turntables to clamp the two ends of the blade to be coated, so that the area to be coated is unobstructed.

[0010] The evaporation source is located at the bottom of the coating chamber and includes a material crucible for holding the target, an electron gun for emitting an electron beam to bombard the target material, and a high-current ion source for generating an ion beam.

[0011] The vacuum and gas supply system is connected to the coating chamber through a vacuuming pipe to perform vacuuming, and at the same time, it is connected to the coating chamber and the high-current ion source through a gas supply pipe to supply the reaction gas and the working gas respectively.

[0012] The water and power supply system provides water cooling for the high-current ion source and electron gun through circulating cooling water pipes, while also providing working power.

[0013] The control system achieves real-time control and adjustment of various process parameters during the coating process through signal connection.

[0014] Furthermore, the non-shielded modular fixture includes a blade fixture for a standard blade. This blade fixture includes a blade tip clamping assembly, a blade root clamping assembly, two mounting bases, and two axial elastic compensation components. The clamping end of the blade tip clamping assembly has a pre-formed contoured groove adapted to the profile of the blade tip of the standard blade. The clamping end of the blade root clamping assembly has a pre-formed contoured groove adapted to the profile of the blade root tenon of the standard blade. The two mounting bases are detachably mounted at the center positions of two corresponding self-rotating turntables. The connecting ends of the blade tip clamping assembly and the blade root clamping assembly are coaxially provided with guide rods, which are respectively inserted into the pre-formed central guide holes of the corresponding mounting bases. The two axial elastic compensation components are respectively supported between the blade tip clamping assembly and the blade root clamping assembly and their corresponding mounting bases.

[0015] Furthermore, flexible graphite pads are respectively provided between the contact surface between the blade tip clamping assembly and the blade tip of the standard blade, and between the contact surface between the blade root clamping assembly and the blade root of the standard blade.

[0016] Furthermore, the non-shielded modular fixture includes a blade fixture for free blades. The blade fixture includes an upper fastening plate, a tenon-tooth adapter core, a blade root fixture adapter seat, a lower fastening plate, a lateral constraint head, and a blade tip fixture adapter seat. The blade root fixture adapter seat and the blade tip fixture adapter seat are detachably installed at the center positions of two corresponding self-rotating turntables. The tenon-tooth adapter core has a contoured groove that matches the profile of the tenon at the root of the free blade, restricting the radial and axial degrees of freedom of the free blade through a form-locking method. The upper fastening plate and the lower fastening plate are joined to form a receiving cavity that covers and fastens the root of the free blade to the tenon-tooth adapter core. After that, they are fixed to the connecting end of the blade root fixture adapter seat to form a rigid cantilever support. The end of the lateral constraint head is slidably installed along the axial direction at the connecting end of the blade tip fixture adapter seat and is equipped with a locking component. The outer end of the lateral constraint head has a non-covering structure and only maintains relative contact with the non-coated functional side of the blade tip.

[0017] Furthermore, flexible graphite pads are respectively provided between the contact surface of the tenon-tooth adapter inner core and the root of the free blade, and between the contact surface of the lateral constraint head and the tip of the free blade.

[0018] A batch coating protection method applicable to different blades includes the following steps:

[0019] Step 1, Blade Classification and Pretreatment: The blades to be coated are divided into standard blades and / or free blades as coating workpieces. Samples of the same material as the coating workpieces are selected. After cleaning and drying the coating workpieces and the sample samples, the non-coating areas of the coating workpieces and the sample samples are masked and sealed, leaving only the areas to be coated.

[0020] Step 2, Classification and Fitting Clamping and Vacuuming: Select non-shielded modular fixtures according to the type of coated workpiece and furnace sample, install the coated workpiece and furnace sample between the two self-rotating turntables corresponding to the motion control mechanism, fill the crucible with target material, seal the coating chamber, start the vacuum and gas supply system to evacuate the coating chamber until the background vacuum level required by the process, and turn on the heater to heat the coated workpiece and furnace sample to the working temperature;

[0021] Step 3, High-current ion cleaning under planetary composite motion: Start the motion control mechanism to drive the coated workpiece and the furnace sample to perform a composite motion of revolution and rotation. The working gas is introduced into the high-current ion source through the vacuum and gas supply system. The bias voltage is applied to the coated workpiece and the furnace sample in conjunction with the bias power supply. The high-energy ions generated by the high-current ion source are used to bombard and remove the surface oxide layer and activate the substrate.

[0022] Step 4: Deposit the binder layer: With the continuous assistance of a high-current ion source, turn on the electron gun to bombard the target material in the crucible, and uniformly deposit the binder layer on the surface of the coated workpiece and the sample sheet in the furnace.

[0023] Step 5, Deposition of protective coating: Based on the adhesive layer, adjust the flow rate of the reactive gas supplied to the coating chamber and the working gas parameters supplied to the high-current ion source by the vacuum and gas supply system, and continue to deposit the protective coating until the designed thickness is achieved;

[0024] Step 6, Cooling, Removal and Performance Verification: After coating is completed, turn off the heater and evaporation source of the coating chamber, keep the motion control mechanism running to assist the coated workpiece and the sample in the furnace to dissipate heat evenly. After the coating chamber returns to atmospheric pressure, disassemble the non-shielded modular fixture to remove the coated workpiece and the sample in the furnace, and perform performance verification on the sample in the furnace.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] 1. This invention adopts a non-shielded modular fixture design to achieve universal mixed loading of blades of different specifications. By using end contour locking and lateral non-covering constraints, it is compatible with various tenon structures such as fir tree type and T type while ensuring that the blade body is completely exposed and unobstructed. This solves the problems of low efficiency of traditional single blade hanging method and difficulty in mixing irregular blades in the same furnace, and significantly improves coating efficiency.

[0027] 2. This invention features an axial thermal expansion compensation and flexible buffer mechanism to ensure structural integrity under high-temperature coating. The axial elastic compensation component can absorb the axial elongation of the blade caused by heat, avoiding bending deformation caused by rigid fixation. Combined with a flexible graphite gasket, its conductivity, high temperature resistance and high resilience characteristics ensure effective conduction of bias cleaning and prevent direct contact between metals, effectively preventing high-temperature diffusion adhesion and mechanical damage to the blade by hard clamps.

[0028] 3. This invention combines a planetary rotation motion control mechanism with a high-current ion-enhanced electron beam process to eliminate deposition dead zones and improve coating quality. By dynamically eliminating mutual obstruction between mixed blades through a planetary composite motion trajectory, it ensures the uniformity of coating thickness on complex surfaces. Combined with the high-energy bombardment of a high-current ion source, it overcomes the defect of low ionization rate of traditional electron beam evaporation, significantly improves the ionization rate of metal atoms and reactive gas molecules used in coating, significantly refines grains and eliminates columnar crystals, and can obtain a protective coating with a smooth, dense surface and excellent adhesion, thereby improving coating speed and film protection effect. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the coating protection device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the blade clamp for standard blades in the coating protection device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the blade clamp for free blades in the coating protection device of the present invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Coating chamber; 2. Connecting rod; 3. Revolutionary main turntable; 4. Self-rotating turntable; 5. High-current ion source; 6. Crucible; 7. Electron gun; 8. Blade tip clamping assembly; 9. Standard blade tip; 10. Standard blade root; 11. Blade root clamping assembly; 12. Mounting base; 13. Standard blade; 14. Axial elastic compensation component; 15. Free blade; 16. Free blade root; 17. Upper fastening clamp; 18. Tenon-tooth adapter core; 19. Blade root clamp adapter seat; 20. Lower fastening clamp; 21. Flexible graphite gasket; 22. Free blade tip; 23. Lateral constraint head; 24. Blade tip clamp adapter seat. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a batch coating protection device suitable for different blades includes a coating chamber 1, a motion control mechanism, a non-shielded modular fixture, an evaporation source, a vacuum and gas supply system, a water and power supply system, and a control system. The overall structural layout combines... Figure 1 As shown, where:

[0035] The coating chamber 1 is a sealed vacuum chamber equipped with a heater that can regulate and maintain the internal working temperature, providing a stable temperature environment during the coating process.

[0036] The motion control mechanism adopts a planetary rotation structure and is located between two opposite side walls at the top of the coating chamber 1. It includes a connecting rod 2, two main rotating disks 3, and multiple self-rotating disks 4. The two main rotating disks 3 are coaxially arranged opposite each other and rotatably connected to the corresponding side walls of the coating chamber 1. The connecting rod 2 is rigidly connected to the center of the two main rotating disks 3. One main rotating disk 3 is controlled to rotate by a drive component, while the other is a driven component. Multiple self-rotating disks 4 are evenly arranged around each main rotating disk 3 via gear transmission. Each self-rotating disk 4 can rotate around its corresponding main rotating disk 3 while simultaneously rotating on its own axis. Furthermore, the motion control mechanism is connected to a bias power supply to apply a bias voltage.

[0037] The non-shielded modular fixture is divided into two types: blade fixtures for standard blades 13 and free blades 15. During use, the appropriate fixture is selected and installed between the two self-rotating turntables 4 corresponding to the horizontal direction of the motion control mechanism, as required.

[0038] Combination Figure 2As shown, the blade clamp for the standard blade 13 includes a blade tip clamping assembly 8, a blade root clamping assembly 11, two mounting bases 12, and two axial elastic compensation components 14. The clamping end of the blade tip clamping assembly 8 is pre-fabricated with a contoured groove that matches the profile of the tip 9 of the standard blade, and the clamping end of the blade root clamping assembly 11 is pre-fabricated with a contoured groove that matches the profile of the tenon of the blade root 10 of the standard blade. The two are arranged coaxially opposite each other in the horizontal direction, and the standard blade 13 is suspended and exposed by the constraint of the two ends, so as to avoid the blade clamp itself from obscuring the surface of the standard blade 13. The two mounting bases 12 are detachably mounted at the center of the corresponding two self-rotating turntables 4. The connecting ends of the blade tip clamping assembly 8 and the blade root clamping assembly 11 are coaxially provided with guide rods and are respectively inserted into the pre-made center guide holes of the corresponding mounting bases 12. The two axial elastic compensation members 14 are respectively supported between the blade tip clamping assembly 8 and the blade root clamping assembly 11 and the corresponding mounting bases 12. When the standard blade 13 is heated and undergoes axial elongation, the compression of the axial elastic compensation members 14 provides axial clearance space, thereby avoiding the bending deformation of the standard blade 13 caused by rigid fixation.

[0039] Furthermore, flexible graphite pads 21 (not shown in Figure 2) are respectively placed between the contact surfaces of the blade tip clamping assembly 8 and the blade tip 9 of the standard blade, and between the contact surfaces of the blade root clamping assembly 11 and the blade root 10 of the standard blade. Shaped grooves matching the shape are pre-machined on the contoured groove contact surfaces of the clamping ends of the blade tip clamping assembly 8 and the blade root clamping assembly 11. The flexible graphite pads 21 are embedded and fixed within these grooves, ensuring that the thickness of the flexible graphite pads 21 is greater than the depth of the grooves to form protruding portions. Thus, when the standard blade 13 is clamped, the tip of the standard blade 9 and the tenon of the standard blade root 10 directly abut and press against the protruding portions of the flexible graphite pads 21, thereby utilizing the deformation characteristics of graphite to prevent direct contact between the standard blade 13 and the blade clamp and to provide stress buffering.

[0040] Combination Figure 3As shown, the blade clamp for the free blade 15 includes an upper fastening clamp 17, a tenon-tooth adapter core 18, a blade root clamp adapter 19, a lower fastening clamp 20, a lateral constraint head 23, and a blade tip clamp adapter 24. The blade root clamp adapter 19 and the blade tip clamp adapter 24 are detachably mounted at the center positions of the corresponding two self-rotating turntables 4. The tenon-tooth adapter core 18 is a replaceable modular insert with a contoured slot that matches the tenon profile of the free blade root 16, restricting the radial and axial degrees of freedom of the free blade 15 through a form-locking method. After the upper fastening clamp 17 and the lower fastening clamp 20 are joined to form a receiving cavity that covers and fastens the free blade root 16 to the tenon-tooth adapter core 18, they are fixed to the connecting end of the blade root clamp adapter 19 to form a rigid cantilever support. The end of the lateral constraint head 23 is slidably mounted on the connecting end of the blade tip clamp adapter 24 along the axial direction and equipped with a locking component, so that the axial position of the lateral constraint head 23 is adjustable. The outer end of the lateral constraint head 23 has a non-covering structure, and only maintains relative contact with the non-coated functional side of the free blade tip 22. While applying lateral constraint to the free blade root 16, which is the cantilever end, it avoids the coating field of view of the end face of the free blade tip 22 and the leading edge of the air intake.

[0041] Similarly, flexible graphite pads 21 are respectively placed between the contact surfaces of the tenon-tooth adapter inner core 18 and the free blade root 16, and between the contact surfaces of the lateral constraint head 23 and the free blade tip 22. Utilizing their high compressibility and resilience under high temperature and vacuum conditions, they fill the micro-assembly gaps between the tenon-tooth adapter inner core 18 and the lateral constraint head 23 and the free blade 15. While providing a stable clamping force and flexible contact, they also act as a damping medium to absorb mechanical vibration and prevent damage or scratches to the surface of the free blade 15.

[0042] Looking back Figure 1 As shown, the evaporation source consists of a high-current ion source 5, a crucible 6, and an electron gun 7 installed at the bottom of the coating chamber 1. The crucible 6 holds the target material to be evaporated, and the electron gun 7 emits a high-energy electron beam to bombard the target material in the crucible 6. The high-current ion source 5 generates a high-density ion beam to activate the reactive gas and the metal atoms evaporated by the electron beam.

[0043] The vacuum and gas supply system is connected to the coating chamber 1 through a vacuuming pipe to perform vacuuming, and at the same time, it is connected to the coating chamber 1 and the high-current ion source 5 through gas supply pipes to supply reaction gas and working gas respectively.

[0044] The water and power supply system provides water cooling for the high-current ion source 5 and electron gun 7 through circulating cooling water pipes, and at the same time provides working power for each electrical component (the driving component and bias power supply of the main rotating disk 3 in the motion control mechanism, the high-current ion source 5 and electron gun 7 in the evaporation source, the vacuum and gas supply system, the control system, and the water cooling and heat dissipation electrical control components of the water and power supply system itself).

[0045] The control system establishes signal connections with each control component (the drive component and bias power supply of the main rotating disk 3 in the motion control mechanism, the high-current ion source 5 and electron gun 7 in the evaporation source, the vacuum and gas supply system, and the water and power supply system) to control and adjust various process parameters in real time during the coating process.

[0046] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a batch coating protection method suitable for different blades includes the following steps:

[0047] Step 1: Leaf classification and pretreatment;

[0048] Based on the characteristics of the blades to be coated, they are divided into standard blades 13 and / or free blades 15 as coating workpieces. Samples of the same material as the coating workpieces are selected for subsequent performance testing. The coating workpieces and the sample samples are first cleaned with solvent and / or ultrasonically to remove surface oil and particulate contamination to ensure surface cleanliness. After cleaning, they are dried to ensure that there is no moisture residue on the surface of the coating workpieces and the sample samples. Then, the non-coating areas of the coating workpieces and the sample samples are masked and sealed, leaving only the areas to be coated.

[0049] Step 2: Categorize, fit, clamp, and vacuum;

[0050] Select the appropriate blade clamp according to the type of the coated workpiece and the furnace sample, ensuring that the flexible graphite pad 21 of the blade clamp is intact, free of foreign matter residue, and has a protruding part. Install the coated workpiece and the furnace sample between the two self-rotating turntables 4 corresponding to the motion control mechanism using the corresponding blade clamp, wherein:

[0051] For the standard blade 13 and the corresponding furnace sample, the blade tip clamping assembly 8 and the blade root clamping assembly 11 are used to respectively limit the tip 9 of the standard blade and the tenon 10 of the standard blade root, so that the two ends of the standard blade 13 directly abut and press against the corresponding flexible graphite pad 21, and ensure that the axial elastic compensation parts 14 on both sides are in a compressible state, so that the middle part of the standard blade 13 is completely suspended and exposed.

[0052] For the free blade 15 and the corresponding furnace sample, the root 16 of the free blade is rigidly fixed by first using the tenon-tooth adapter core 18 in conjunction with the upper fastening clamp 17 and the lower fastening clamp 20. Then, the non-coating functional side of the tip 22 of the free blade is limited by the lateral constraint head 23. The position of the lateral constraint head 23 is adjusted to avoid the coating field of view of the end face of the tip 22 of the free blade and the leading edge of the air inlet.

[0053] After clamping, the target material is filled into the crucible 6, the coating chamber 1 is sealed, the vacuum and gas supply system is started to evacuate the coating chamber 1 until the background vacuum level required by the process is reached, and the heater is turned on to heat the coated workpiece and the sample sheet to the working temperature.

[0054] Step 3: High-current ion cleaning under planetary compound motion;

[0055] The motion control mechanism is activated to enable the coated workpiece and the furnace sample installed between the corresponding rotor turntables 4 to perform a combined revolution and rotation. Working gas is introduced into the high-current ion source 5 through the vacuum and gas supply system. In conjunction with the bias power supply, a bias voltage is applied to the coated workpiece and the furnace sample. The flexible graphite pad 21 acts as a conductive medium to ensure that the bias voltage is effectively applied to the coated workpiece and the furnace sample. The high-energy ions generated by the high-current ion source 5 are used to bombard and remove the surface oxide layer and activate the substrate. At the same time, the buffering characteristics of the flexible graphite pad 21 are used to prevent surface mechanical damage caused by bias arcing or vibration.

[0056] Step 4: Deposit the bonding layer;

[0057] With the continuous assistance of the high-current ion source 5, the electron gun 7 is turned on to bombard the target material in the crucible 6. Taking advantage of the structure of the non-shielded modular fixture, when the coated workpiece and the furnace sample move over the evaporation source, the obstruction of the area to be coated by the blade fixture is eliminated, and a dense adhesive layer is uniformly deposited on the surface of the coated workpiece and the furnace sample. The flexible graphite pad 21 acts as a damping medium to absorb mechanical vibration during this process, and its chemical inertness prevents the coated workpiece and the furnace sample from metal diffusion and adhesion to the blade fixture at high temperature.

[0058] Step 5: Deposit a protective coating;

[0059] Based on the adhesive layer, the flow rate of the reaction gas supplied to the coating chamber 1 and the working gas parameters supplied to the high-current ion source 5 are adjusted by the vacuum and gas supply system to continue depositing the protective coating. Relying on the synchronous composite motion of the motion control mechanism, the coated workpieces and samples loaded in the same batch are ensured to obtain a consistent protective coating thickness and structure in the complex dynamic deposition environment until the designed thickness is achieved.

[0060] Step 6: Cooling, wafer removal, and performance verification;

[0061] After coating is completed, the heater and evaporation source of coating chamber 1 are turned off, and the motion control mechanism is kept running to assist the coated workpiece and the sample in the furnace to dissipate heat evenly. As the temperature decreases, the coated workpiece and the sample in the furnace shrink axially, and the axial elastic compensation component 14 of the corresponding blade fixture returns accordingly to avoid deformation of the coated workpiece and the sample in the furnace due to cold shrinkage stress. After the coating chamber 1 returns to atmospheric pressure, the blade fixture is disassembled and the coated workpiece and the sample in the furnace are taken out. The performance of the sample in the furnace is then verified.

[0062] Through the above design, this invention is based on high-current ion-enhanced electron beam evaporation coating technology. By cooperating with the motion control mechanism and the evaporation source, and utilizing the classification and adaptation and flexible buffering mechanism of the non-shielded modular fixture, it can perform unobstructed and uniform coating under mixed assembly conditions of multi-specification irregular blades, thereby improving production efficiency and coating quality, and ensuring the safety and stability of blade operation.

[0063] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0064] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A batch coating protection device suitable for different blades, characterized in that: Includes a coating chamber (1), a motion control mechanism, an unshielded modular fixture, an evaporation source, a vacuum and gas supply system, a water and power supply system, and a control system; The coating chamber (1) is a closed vacuum chamber equipped with a heater; The motion control mechanism is located between two opposite side walls at the top of the coating chamber (1), including two main rotating disks (3) arranged opposite to each other and rigidly connected coaxially by a connecting rod (2). The main rotating disks (3) are equipped with multiple self-rotating disks (4) in the circumferential direction through gear transmission. The self-rotating disks (4) can rotate while rotating with the main rotating disks (3). The motion control mechanism is also connected to a bias power supply. The non-shielded modular clamp can be detachably installed between two horizontally opposite self-rotating turntables (4) to clamp the two ends of the blade to be coated so that the area to be coated is unobstructed. The evaporation source is located at the bottom of the coating chamber (1) and includes a material crucible (6) for holding the target, an electron gun (7) for emitting an electron beam to bombard the target material, and a high-current ion source (5) for generating an ion beam. The vacuum and gas supply system is connected to the coating chamber (1) through a gas extraction pipe to perform vacuuming, and is connected to the coating chamber (1) and the high-current ion source (5) through a gas supply pipe to supply the reaction gas and working gas respectively. The water supply and power supply system provides water cooling for the high-current ion source (5) and electron gun (7) through circulating cooling water pipelines, and also provides working power. The control system achieves real-time control and adjustment of various process parameters during the coating process through signal connection.

2. The batch coating protection device suitable for different blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The non-shielded modular clamp includes a blade clamp for a standard blade (13), which includes a blade tip clamping assembly (8), a blade root clamping assembly (11), two mounting bases (12), and two axial elastic compensation components (14). The clamping end of the blade tip clamping assembly (8) is pre-fabricated with a contoured slot that matches the profile of the tip (9) of the standard blade, and the clamping end of the blade root clamping assembly (11) is pre-fabricated with a tenon profile that matches the profile of the root (10) of the standard blade. The two mounting bases (12) are detachably installed at the center of the corresponding two self-rotating turntables (4). The connecting ends of the blade tip clamping assembly (8) and the blade root clamping assembly (11) are coaxially provided with guide rods and are respectively inserted into the pre-made center guide holes of the corresponding mounting bases (12). The two axial elastic compensation components (14) are respectively supported between the blade tip clamping assembly (8) and the blade root clamping assembly (11) and the corresponding mounting bases (12).

3. A batch coating protection device suitable for different blades according to claim 2, characterized in that: Flexible graphite pads (21) are respectively placed between the contact surface of the blade tip clamping assembly (8) and the blade tip (9) of the standard blade, and between the contact surface of the blade root clamping assembly (11) and the blade root (10) of the standard blade.

4. A batch coating protection device suitable for different blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The non-shielded modular clamp includes a blade clamp for a free blade (15), which includes an upper fastening clamp (17), a tenon-fitting inner core (18), a blade root clamp adapter (19), a lower fastening clamp (20), a lateral restraint head (23), and a blade tip clamp adapter (24). The blade root clamp adapter (19) and the blade tip clamp adapter (24) are respectively detachably installed at the center of two corresponding self-rotating turntables (4). The tenon-fitting inner core (18) has a contoured slot that matches the tenon profile of the free blade root (16), and is secured by a form lock. The radial and axial degrees of freedom of the free blade (15) are restricted by the combination method. The upper fastening clamp (17) and the lower fastening clamp (20) are connected to form a receiving cavity to cover and fasten the free blade root (16) and the tenon tooth matching inner core (18). After that, it is fixed to the connecting end of the blade root clamp adapter seat (19) to form a rigid cantilever support. The end of the lateral constraint head (23) is slidably installed along the axial direction at the connecting end of the blade top clamp adapter seat (24) and equipped with a locking component. The outer end of the lateral constraint head (23) has a non-covering structure and only maintains relative contact with the non-coated functional side of the free blade tip (22).

5. A batch coating protection device suitable for different blades according to claim 4, characterized in that: Flexible graphite pads (21) are respectively placed between the contact surface of the tenon-tooth adapter core (18) and the root of the free blade (16), and between the contact surface of the lateral constraint head (23) and the tip of the free blade (22).

6. A batch coating protection method applicable to different blades, characterized in that: According to claim 1, a batch coating protection device suitable for different blades includes the following steps in its coating protection method: Step 1, Blade classification and pretreatment: The blades to be coated are divided into standard blades (13) and / or free blades (15) as coating workpieces. The furnace sample with the same material as the coating workpiece is selected. After cleaning and drying the coating workpiece and the furnace sample, the non-coating areas of the coating workpiece and the furnace sample are masked and sealed, leaving only the area to be coated. Step 2, Classification and Fitting Clamping and Vacuuming: Select non-shielded modular fixtures according to the type of coated workpiece and furnace sample, install the coated workpiece and furnace sample between the two self-rotating turntables (4) corresponding to the motion control mechanism, fill the crucible (6) with target material, seal the coating chamber (1), start the vacuum and gas supply system to evacuate the coating chamber (1) until the background vacuum level required by the process, and turn on the heater to heat the coated workpiece and furnace sample to the working temperature; Step 3, intense current ion cleaning under planetary composite motion: Start the motion control mechanism to drive the coated workpiece and the furnace sample to perform a composite motion of revolution and rotation. The working gas is introduced into the intense current ion source (5) through the vacuum and gas supply system. The bias voltage is applied to the coated workpiece and the furnace sample in conjunction with the bias power supply. The high-energy ions generated by the intense current ion source (5) are used to bombard and remove the surface oxide layer and activate the substrate. Step 4, Deposit adhesive layer: With the continuous assistance of the high-current ion source (5), the electron gun (7) is turned on to bombard the target material in the crucible (6) and a bonding layer is uniformly deposited on the surface of the coated workpiece and the sample sheet in the furnace. Step 5, Deposit protective coating: Based on the adhesive layer, adjust the flow rate of the reaction gas supplied to the coating chamber (1) and the working gas parameters supplied to the high-current ion source (5) by the vacuum and gas supply system, and continue to deposit the protective coating until the designed thickness is achieved; Step 6, Cooling, Removal and Performance Verification: After coating is completed, turn off the heater and evaporation source of the coating chamber (1), keep the motion control mechanism running to assist the coated workpiece and the sample in the furnace to dissipate heat evenly. After the coating chamber (1) returns to atmospheric pressure, disassemble the non-shielded modular fixture to remove the coated workpiece and the sample in the furnace, and perform performance verification on the sample in the furnace.

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