A folded plate type anaerobic biological reactor and application thereof in treating aquaculture wastewater
By employing a multi-compartment structure and polyurethane foam packing in the anaerobic bioreactor, the problems of oxygen infiltration and sludge loss were solved, achieving efficient treatment of aquaculture wastewater and increased biogas production.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610657598.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-24
AI Technical Summary
Existing anaerobic folding reactors (ABRs) are inadequate in preventing oxygen from entering when treating aquaculture wastewater, allowing oxygen to easily penetrate and disrupt the anaerobic environment. Furthermore, the conflict between sludge retention and archaea preservation is prominent, leading to decreased reactor stability and low biogas production.
A folded plate anaerobic bioreactor is designed, which adopts a multi-compartment structure inside the box and polyurethane foam packing. It isolates the entry of air and directionally enriches slow-growing anaerobic bacteria. Combined with a three-phase separator and thermal insulation materials, it improves the control of oxygen intrusion and sludge loss.
It effectively blocks oxygen infiltration, improves anaerobic nitrification efficiency, extends the stable operation cycle of the reactor, increases biogas yield and purity, and enhances the reactor's resistance to shock loads.
Smart Images
Figure CN122444334A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental protection, and more specifically to a wastewater treatment device. Background Technology
[0002] Livestock wastewater is characterized by high COD, high ammonia nitrogen, and high suspended solids. Anaerobic digestion technology has become the mainstream treatment method for livestock wastewater due to its advantages of low energy consumption and biogas recovery. However, existing anaerobic baffled reactors (ABRs) still face the following key technical bottlenecks: ① Insufficient oxygen isolation effect: Traditional ABRs mostly adopt single-end three-phase separation or simple compartment separation structure. The interface between the top of the compartment and the air contact interface lacks a sealing design. During the contact between oxygen and the liquid surface, oxygen can easily seep into the reaction system, destroy the anaerobic environment, and inhibit the activity of methanogenic archaea. ② The contradiction between sludge retention and archaea retention: Existing technologies retain sludge through ordinary packing or simple sedimentation, but slow-growing methanogenic archaea are difficult to accumulate directionally on the surface of conventional packing and are easily lost with water flow or biogas, resulting in a decrease in reactor operation stability. Summary of the Invention
[0003] This invention provides an anaerobic baffled reactor that combines efficient oxygen intrusion prevention, sludge loss control, and targeted archaea enrichment. It can improve the anaerobic nitrification efficiency of aquaculture wastewater, extend the reactor's stable operating cycle, and simultaneously increase biogas yield and purity. The main technical solutions adopted are as follows: A folding plate anaerobic bioreactor, the key feature of which is: a box body, wherein the two opposite side walls of the box body are provided with an inlet and an outlet; The container is provided with at least two reaction chambers in sequence. The top of the upstream reaction chamber is connected to the bottom of the downstream reaction chamber. The water inlet is connected to the bottom of the first reaction chamber at the beginning. The water outlet is connected to the top of the last reaction chamber at the end. The side wall of the tank above the water outlet is also provided with an exhaust port; Each of the reaction chambers is equipped with a biological packing module, which includes polyurethane foam packing.
[0004] In this case, the anaerobic reaction chamber is located inside a container, which serves to isolate the air and completely block oxygen from entering the anaerobic reaction system. The polyurethane foam filler inside the chamber can selectively enrich slow-growing anaerobic bacteria and reduce sludge loss. Attached Figure Description
[0005] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0006] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.
[0007] like Figure 1 As shown, a folding plate anaerobic bioreactor includes a box body 1, which has a cuboid structure. Two opposite side walls of the box body 1 are provided with an inlet 1a and an outlet 1b; both the inlet 1a and the outlet 1b are located near the top of the box body 1. At least two reaction chambers A are sequentially arranged inside the box body 1. The top of the upstream reaction chamber A is connected to the bottom of the downstream reaction chamber A. The inlet 1a is connected to the bottom of the first reaction chamber A at the beginning, and the outlet 1b is connected to the top of the last reaction chamber A at the end. The side wall of the box 1 above the water outlet 1b is also provided with an exhaust port 1c; The side wall of the box 1 below the outlet 1b is also provided with a return port 1d. The return port 1d is close to the bottom of the box 1. The return port 1d is connected to the lower part of the first reaction chamber A at the front end through a return pipe 2. A return pump 3 is installed on the return pipe 2.
[0008] The reaction chamber A includes a first partition A1 and a second partition A2 that are vertically arranged and facing each other. The first partition A1 is relatively close to the water inlet 1a, and the second partition A2 is relatively close to the water outlet 1b. All the reaction chambers A are arranged in the same straight line direction and are arranged in the direction from the water inlet 1a to the water outlet 1b. The two vertical edges of the first partition A1 are fixedly connected to the two opposite inner sidewalls of the box 1. The lower edge of the first partition A1 extends to the lower part of the box 1, and a water outlet is formed between the lower edge of the first partition A1 and the bottom plate of the box 1. The two vertical edges of the second partition A2 are fixedly connected to the two opposite inner sidewalls of the box 1, and the lower edge of the second partition A2 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the box 1. The upper edge of the first partition A1 is above the horizontal level of the upper edge of the second partition A2; The first partition A1 of the downstream reaction chamber A and the second partition A2 of the upstream reaction chamber A are spaced apart, and a vertically extending water passage is formed between the first partition A1 of the downstream reaction chamber A and the second partition A2 of the upstream reaction chamber A. The upper part of the water passage is connected to the top of the upstream reaction chamber A, and the lower part of the water passage is connected to the water outlet. The first partition A1 of the first reaction chamber A at the first end is spaced apart from the side wall of the box body 1. A vertically extending water injection channel is formed between the first partition A1 of the first reaction chamber A at the first end and the side wall of the box body 1. The upper part of the water injection channel is connected to the water inlet 1a, and the lower part of the water injection channel is connected to the corresponding water outlet. One end of the return pipe 2 is connected to the return port 1d, and the other end of the return pipe 2 is connected to the upper part of the water injection channel.
[0009] The second partition A2 of the last reaction chamber A at the end is spaced apart from the side wall of the box body 1, and a water outlet chamber B is formed between the second partition A2 of the last reaction chamber A at the end and the side wall of the box body 1. The water outlet 1b, the exhaust port 1c, and the return port 1d are all connected to the water outlet chamber B.
[0010] The bottom of the reaction chamber A is also provided with two opposing backflow plates 6. The two backflow plates 6 are inclined and their lower ends are close to each other and fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the box 1. The upper ends of the two backflow plates 6 are far apart from each other. The two backflow plates 6 are distributed along the line connecting the first partition A1 and the second partition A2. The two counterflow plates 6 in the first reaction chamber A at the head end, one of the counterflow plates 6 has its upper edge fixedly connected to the second partition A2 of the reaction chamber A, and the other counterflow plate 6 has its upper edge fixedly connected to the corresponding side plate of the box body 1. Of the remaining two counterflow plates 6 in the reaction chamber A, the upper edge of one counterflow plate 6 is fixedly connected to the second partition A2 of the reaction chamber A in which it is located, and the upper edge of the other counterflow plate 6 is fixedly connected to the second partition A2 of the previous reaction chamber A. The lower edge of the first baffle A1 is spaced apart from the corresponding anti-flow plate 6, and the water inlet is formed between the lower edge of the first baffle A1 and the corresponding anti-flow plate 6.
[0011] Each of the reaction chambers A is equipped with a biological packing module 4, located in the center of the reaction chamber A. The biological packing module 4 includes polyurethane foam packing. Specifically, the biological packing module 4 includes a support frame fixed inside the reaction chamber A and the polyurethane foam packing arranged on the support frame. The polyurethane foam packing is connected into a packing string by ropes. The support frame includes an upper fixed frame and a lower fixed frame. The upper fixed frame is located directly above the lower fixed frame. The packing string is located between the upper fixed frame and the lower fixed frame. The packing string is vertically arranged. The upper end of the packing string is fixedly tied to the upper fixed frame, and the lower end of the packing string is fixedly tied to the lower fixed frame. The height of the packing string is 60-70% of the height of the reaction chamber A.
[0012] In a more specific embodiment: there are six reaction chambers A, wherein the first and second reaction chambers A are hydrolysis acidification sections, and the packing density of the packing strings inside them is 20-40 strings / m. 2 The third to sixth reaction chambers A are methanogenic sections, and the packing density of the packing strings inside them is 40-60 strings / m. 2 The packing density is the number of packing strings per unit vertical projected area.
[0013] A three-phase separator 5 is also installed in the reaction chamber A above the biological packing module 4. The highest point of the three-phase separator 5 is located below the horizontal level of the upper edge of the first partition A1, so that sewage can overflow from the upstream reaction chamber A to the downstream reaction chamber A. The gas phase capture element of the three-phase separator 5 is connected to the exhaust port 1c through a pipe. The structure of the three-phase separator 5 is prior art, which collects gas through an inverted angle steel-shaped gas phase capture element. The gas accumulates on the top of the inverted angle steel-shaped gas phase capture element and is discharged through a pipe. The solid-liquid mixture overflows through the three-phase separator 5 into the downstream reaction chamber A.
[0014] The outer casing 1 is covered with thermal insulation material to maintain a stable internal temperature, preferably maintaining the internal reaction temperature at 30-38°C. The exhaust port 1c is connected to an exhaust pipe, which is equipped with a valve to maintain the airtightness of the interior of the casing 1.
[0015] Example 2: Application of a folding plate anaerobic bioreactor in the treatment of aquaculture wastewater: Reactor parameters: The reactor is equipped with five reaction chambers A, each with a volume of 2.4 m³. 3 The final outlet chamber B has a volume of 1m³. 3 The packing density of the packing strings in the first and second reaction chambers A is 30 strings / m. 2 The packing density of the packing strings in the third to fifth reaction chambers A is 50 strings / m. 2 ; The wastewater from large-scale pig farming is filtered through a screen to remove suspended solids with a particle size >3mm, and then its pH is adjusted to 7-7.8 before being introduced into the inlet 1a. The influent water quality is: COD = 18500mg / L, ammonia nitrogen = 920mg / L. Operating conditions: temperature 35℃, hydraulic residence time (HRT) of each reaction chamber A = 36h, inlet water flow rate 0.5m³ / h. 3 / h; Treatment results: Effluent COD = 3720 mg / L (removal rate 91.5%), ammonia nitrogen = 110 mg / L (removal rate 88.0%); relative abundance of archaea reached 38.2%, sludge loss rate 1.2%; methane production rate 0.34 m³ / L. 3 / kgCOD, biogas purity 68%.
[0016] Example 3: Application of a folding plate anaerobic bioreactor in the treatment of aquaculture wastewater Reactor parameters: The reactor is equipped with four reaction chambers A, each with a volume of 2.5 m³. 3 The final outlet chamber B has a volume of 1m³. 3 The packing density of the packing strings in the first and second reaction chambers A is 30 strings / m. 2 The packing density of the packing strings in the third and fourth reaction chambers A is 50 strings / m. 2 ; The wastewater from the cattle farm is filtered through a screen to remove suspended solids with a particle size >3mm, and then its pH is adjusted to 7-7.8 before being introduced into the inlet 1a. The influent water quality is: COD = 25200mg / L, ammonia nitrogen = 650mg / L. Operating conditions: temperature 32℃, hydraulic residence time (HRT) of each reaction chamber A = 28h, inlet water flow rate 0.3m³ / h. 3 / h; Treatment results: Effluent COD = 4500 mg / L (removal rate 91.3%), ammonia nitrogen = 82 mg / L (removal rate 87.4%); relative abundance of archaea reached 35.7%, sludge loss rate 1.4%; methane production rate 0.33 m³ / L. 3 / kgCOD, biogas purity 66%.
[0017] The technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Significantly improved oxygen protection performance: The reaction chamber located inside the tank can stabilize the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) in the reactor at (-500)~(-600)mV, reduce oxygen penetration by more than 90%, and thoroughly protect the activity of anaerobic microorganisms; Outstanding archaeal enrichment effect: Polyurethane foam packing increases the relative abundance of methanogenic archaea by 40%-60%, extends sludge retention time (SRT) to 60-80 days, and improves the reactor's resistance to shock loads by 30%; Both treatment efficiency and biogas quality are improved: COD volumetric loading reaches 5.5-6.5 kg / (m³). 3 •d), methane yield ≥0.32m 3 / kgCOD, methane purity in biogas ≥65%, significant resource value.
[0018] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Those skilled in the art, under the guidance of the present invention, can make various similar representations without departing from the spirit and claims of the present invention, and such modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A folding plate anaerobic bioreactor, characterized in that: Includes a housing (1), which has an inlet (1a) and an outlet (1b) on two opposite side walls. The box (1) is provided with at least two reaction chambers (A) in sequence. The top of the upstream reaction chamber (A) is connected to the bottom of the downstream reaction chamber (A). The inlet (1a) is connected to the bottom of the first reaction chamber (A) at the head end. The outlet (1b) is connected to the top of the last reaction chamber (A) at the end end. An exhaust port (1c) is also provided on the side wall of the box (1) above the water outlet (1b). Each of the reaction chambers (A) is provided with a biological packing module (4), which includes polyurethane foam packing.
2. The folding plate anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the box (1) below the outlet (1b) is also provided with a return port (1d), which is connected to the lower part of the first reaction chamber (A) at the head end through a return pipe (2), and a return pump (3) is installed on the return pipe (2).
3. The folding plate anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reaction chamber (A) includes a first partition (A1) and a second partition (A2) arranged vertically and facing each other. The first partition (A1) is relatively close to the water inlet (1a), and the second partition (A2) is relatively close to the water outlet (1b). All the reaction chambers (A) are arranged in the same straight line direction, and all the reaction chambers (A) are arranged in the direction from the water inlet (1a) to the water outlet (1b). The two vertical edges of the first partition (A1) are fixedly connected to the two opposite inner sidewalls of the box (1), the lower edge of the first partition (A1) extends to the lower part of the box (1), and a water outlet is formed between the lower edge of the first partition (A1) and the bottom plate of the box (1). The two vertical edges of the second partition (A2) are fixedly connected to the two opposite inner walls of the box (1), and the lower edge of the second partition (A2) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the box (1); The upper edge of the first partition (A1) is above the horizontal level of the upper edge of the second partition (A2); The first partition (A1) of the downstream reaction chamber (A) and the second partition (A2) of the upstream reaction chamber (A) are spaced apart, and a vertically extending water passage is formed between the first partition (A1) of the downstream reaction chamber (A) and the second partition (A2) of the upstream reaction chamber (A). The upper part of the water passage is connected to the top of the upstream reaction chamber (A), and the lower part of the water passage is connected to the water outlet. The first partition (A1) of the first reaction chamber (A) at the first end is spaced apart from the side wall of the box (1), and a vertically extending water injection channel is formed between the first partition (A1) of the first reaction chamber (A) at the first end and the side wall of the box (1). The upper part of the water injection channel is connected to the water inlet (1a), and the lower part of the water injection channel is connected to the corresponding water outlet. The second partition (A2) of the last reaction chamber (A) at the end is spaced apart from the side wall of the box (1), and a water outlet chamber (B) is formed between the second partition (A2) of the last reaction chamber (A) at the end and the side wall of the box (1). The water outlet (1b), the exhaust port (1c), and the return port (1d) are all connected to the water outlet chamber (B).
4. A folding plate anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: A three-phase separator (5) is also provided in the reaction chamber (A) above the biological packing module (4). The highest point of the three-phase separator (5) is located below the horizontal height of the upper edge of the first partition (A1). The gas phase capture element of the three-phase separator (5) is connected to the exhaust port (1c) through a pipe.
5. A folding-plate anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the reaction chamber (A) is also provided with two opposing counterflow plates (6). The two counterflow plates (6) are inclined, with the lower ends of the two counterflow plates (6) close to each other and fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the box (1). The upper ends of the two counterflow plates (6) are far apart from each other, and the two counterflow plates (6) are distributed along the line connecting the first partition (A1) and the second partition (A2). The first reaction chamber (A) at the head end has two counterflow plates (6), one of which has its upper edge fixedly connected to the second partition (A2) of the reaction chamber (A), and the other has its upper edge fixedly connected to the side plate of the box body (1). The other two counterflow plates (6) in the reaction chamber (A) are fixedly connected at the upper edge of one of the counterflow plates (6) to the second partition (A2) of the reaction chamber (A) in which it is located, and at the upper edge of the other counterflow plate (6) to the second partition (A2) of the previous reaction chamber (A). The lower edge of the first baffle (A1) is spaced apart from the corresponding counterflow plate (6), and the water inlet is formed between the lower edge of the first baffle (A1) and the corresponding counterflow plate (6).
6. A folding-plate anaerobic bioreactor according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The biological packing module (4) includes a support frame fixed inside the reaction chamber (A) and polyurethane foam packing arranged on the support frame. The polyurethane foam packing is connected into a packing string by ropes. The height of the packing string is 60-70% of the height of the reaction chamber (A).
7. A folding-plate anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reaction chamber (A) comprises six chambers, wherein the packing density of the packing strings in the first and second reaction chambers (A) is 20-40 strings / m. 2 The packing density of the packing strings in the third to sixth reaction chambers (A) is 40-60 strings / m. 2 .
8. A folding-plate anaerobic bioreactor according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The outer casing (1) is covered with thermal insulation material.
9. The application of a folding plate anaerobic bioreactor as described in claims 1-8 in the treatment of aquaculture wastewater.
10. The application of the folding plate anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 9 in the treatment of aquaculture wastewater, characterized in that: The temperature inside the container (1) is controlled to be 30-38°C, and the hydraulic residence time of each reaction chamber (A) is controlled to be 24-48h.