A fertilizer composition with the functions of controlling the growth and swelling fruit and a preparation method thereof
By combining hydrogel carriers and amino acid plant extracts, the problems of unstable growth control and food safety hazards caused by chemical agents have been solved, enabling continuous growth control and fruit expansion in cucurbit crops, thereby improving yield and quality.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- WEIFANG LVWITE BIOLOGICAL ENG CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-24
AI Technical Summary
Existing chemical growth regulators have problems such as unstable growth control, poor fruit quality, and food safety risks in cucurbit crops, while amino acid fertilizers have limited effects on growth control and fruit expansion.
By using a hydrogel carrier in combination with amino acids and plant extracts, and controlling their release rate, continuous growth regulation and fruit expansion are achieved. Natural ingredients such as Codonopsis pilosula straw, Taxus chinensis leaves, Polygonum cuspidatum and Polygonum cuspidatum extracts are used to improve the fruit cell division ability and crop yield.
It achieves a continuous and stable growth control effect, improves the yield and quality of melon and fruit crops, reduces food safety risks, and the process is simple and easy to industrialize.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to a fertilizer composition that combines growth control and fruit expansion, and its preparation method, belonging to the field of fertilizer preparation technology. Background Technology
[0002] Fruit and cucurbit crops have strong growth activity and short growth cycles, making them prone to excessive vegetative growth in hot, humid, and well-watered environments. Therefore, growth control management is necessary during their growth period. Currently, growth control treatments mainly rely on plant growth regulators such as paclobutrazol, chlormequat chloride, uniconazole, and ethephon. These regulators primarily work by chemically inhibiting the synthesis of gibberellins within the plant, thereby controlling excessive growth. However, this method has the following drawbacks: 1. Difficult to sustain its effect of controlling excessive growth The plant growth regulators mentioned above work quickly after acting on crops, but their metabolism is also relatively fast. Therefore, their effect on controlling excessive growth is not sustained, and they often cause excessive growth in the later stages after the effect is achieved, resulting in unstable growth control.
[0003] 2. Poor fruit quality The aforementioned plant growth regulators have a strong initial effect in controlling excessive growth, but their residues can easily accumulate in the plant, inhibiting not only the growth of branches and leaves but also hindering the division of fruit cells, resulting in small and deformed fruits. They can also cause the plant's root system to age and its absorption capacity to decrease, leading to a decline in crop quality.
[0004] 3. Food safety risks exist. The residues of the aforementioned plant growth regulators can be found not only on the plants but also in the fruits, so long-term use may pose certain food safety risks.
[0005] For the reasons mentioned above, there is an urgent need for a way to control excessive growth that can replace chemical agents. Currently, amino acid fertilizers have been proven to control excessive growth, but their effect on controlling excessive growth in melons and fruits still needs to be improved. Furthermore, these substances do not have the function of regulating and controlling the rate of excessive growth and enlarging fruits. Therefore, there is currently a lack of a fertilizer composition that can continuously control excessive growth, enlarge fruits, and reduce food safety risks. Summary of the Invention
[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, a fertilizer composition that combines growth control and fruit expansion is provided. This fertilizer composition controls the release rate of amino acids and plant extracts through hydrogel, thereby achieving continuous growth control. Furthermore, the combination of amino acids and plant extracts enables the regulation of fruit quality while continuously controlling growth, thereby increasing the yield and quality of cucurbit crops and reducing food safety risks.
[0007] According to one aspect of this application, a fertilizer composition that combines growth control and fruit enlargement is provided, comprising amino acids, plant extracts and hydrogel in a weight ratio of 1:(0.1-0.2):(0.3-0.35), wherein the amino acids and plant extracts are dispersed in the hydrogel; The amino acid includes at least one of L-methionine, L-proline, and L-arginine; By weight, the plant extracts include: 10-15 parts of Codonopsis pilosula straw extract, 18-20 parts of Taxus wallichiana leaf extract, 8-10 parts of Polygonum cuspidatum extract, and 5-6 parts of Polygonum cuspidatum extract. The hydrogel comprises, by weight, 15-20 parts sodium alginate, 70-80 parts acrylic acid, 12-15 parts allyl glycidyl ether, 4-6 parts crosslinking agent and 0.35-0.5 parts initiator.
[0008] In the above fertilizer composition, the hydrogel acts as a carrier, enabling slow and continuous release of the fertilizer, thus achieving sustained growth control and solving the problem that existing plant growth regulators struggle to provide sustained growth control. Furthermore, the hydrogel's strong hydrophilicity increases its affinity with crops, thereby reducing water loss. This, in turn, promotes the activity of amino acids and plant extracts, achieving the dual effects of growth control and fruit expansion.
[0009] The above-mentioned waste composition contains an amino acid-based growth regulator. Its combination with four plant extracts can not only control crop growth and improve the optimal growth regulation effect, but also enhance fruit cell division and improve the root absorption capacity of crops, thereby increasing crop yield and quality.
[0010] In addition, hydrogels can reduce fertilizer loss and improve fertilizer utilization while achieving slow-release properties. Furthermore, since the components of hydrogels are all natural substances, they do not produce chemical residues, thereby reducing food safety risks.
[0011] Optionally, the weight ratio of the Codonopsis pilosula straw extract to the Polygonum chinense extract is 1:0.75.
[0012] In this application, the Codonopsis pilosula straw extract can synergistically control excessive crop growth with amino acids, and its combination with the extract of Polygonum chinense can supply nutrients, regulate fruit cell division and crop absorption capacity. Under the above-mentioned ratio, the two can achieve the best effect of controlling excessive growth and expanding fruit.
[0013] Optionally, the preparation method of the Codonopsis pilosula straw extract is as follows: the Codonopsis pilosula straw is dried, crushed, and added to water with a weight of 5-6 times that of the Codonopsis pilosula straw. The extract is extracted at 25°C for 48 hours to obtain an extract. The extract is then filtered and concentrated to 15-20% of the original volume of the extract to obtain the Codonopsis pilosula straw extract.
[0014] The above preparation process can ensure the effective dissolution of nutrients and active substances in Codonopsis pilosula straw and avoid decomposition, which is conducive to mass production.
[0015] Optionally, the preparation method of the *Polygonum chinense* extract is as follows: dry and pulverize *Polygonum chinense*, add it to water with a weight of 5-6 times that of *Polygonum chinense*, decoct at 80-90℃ for 1.5 hours, decoct three times, combine the decoctions, concentrate to 15-20% of the original volume of the decoction, and filter to obtain the *Polygonum chinense* extract.
[0016] The above preparation process can ensure the effective extraction of *Polygonum chinense*, enhance its ability to control excessive growth and fruit expansion, and ensure that it works in combination with other components to achieve the best effect.
[0017] Optionally, the weight ratio of the Taxus chinensis leaf extract to the Polygonum cuspidatum extract is 3:1.
[0018] The extracts of *Taxus wallichiana* leaves and *Polygonum cuspidatum* used in this application can assist amino acids, *Codonopsis pilosula* straw extract, and *Polygonum chinense* extract in controlling excessive growth. Furthermore, these two plant extracts can regulate crop growth hormones, thereby increasing crop yield and quality. The extracts of *Taxus wallichiana* leaves and *Polygonum cuspidatum* primarily function to promote fruit enlargement. The active ingredients in these extracts can enhance the cell division ability of the fruit, thus preventing small fruit size during growth control and ultimately increasing crop yield. Additionally, the emodin methyl ether contained in the *Polygonum cuspidatum* extract can interfere with pathogenic fungi, reducing disease incidence and further improving crop quality and yield.
[0019] Optionally, the method for preparing the southern yew leaf extract is as follows: S1: Crush the leaves of the southern yew and add them to a 0.2-0.4wt% lactic acid solution. Soak at 25℃ for 2 hours, then remove and rinse clean to obtain the material to be extracted. S2: Add the material to be extracted to an ethanol-water solution with a weight of 8-12 times that of the material to be extracted, add pectinase and cellulase to hydrolyze and obtain an enzymatic hydrolysate. The amount of pectinase added is 0.2-0.8 wt% of the material to be extracted, and the amount of cellulase added is 0.7-1.3 wt% of the material to be extracted. S3: Add water-soluble Bacillus laterosporus and water-soluble Bacillus licheniformis to the enzymatic hydrolysate for fermentation to obtain fermentation broth. Filter and concentrate the fermentation broth to 15-20% of the original volume of the enzymatic hydrolysate. The amount of water-soluble Bacillus laterosporus added is 1.0-1.6 wt% of the material to be extracted, and the amount of water-soluble Bacillus licheniformis added is 0.5-0.8 wt% of the material to be extracted.
[0020] In the above preparation method, soaking in lactic acid softens the cell walls of *Taxus wallichiana* leaves, facilitating the subsequent extraction of active ingredients. However, residual lactic acid reduces enzyme and bacterial activity, leading to a decrease in the content of active ingredients in the extract. Therefore, the *Taxus wallichiana* leaves soaked in lactic acid need to be washed before extraction. During extraction, a combination of pectinase and cellulase is used for enzymatic hydrolysis, which breaks down the cell walls of the *Taxus wallichiana* leaves, facilitating the dissolution of active ingredients and improving the extraction rate. Fermentation extraction using two bacteria, *Bacillus laterosporus* and *Bacillus licheniformis*, breaks down large molecules in the extract that are difficult to absorb into smaller molecules that are easily absorbed by crops. Furthermore, the fermentation process using these two bacteria produces substances that enhance microbial activity, providing a stable environment for crop growth.
[0021] Optionally, in step S2, the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature of pectinase and cellulase is 45-50℃, and the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 2-4h.
[0022] Optionally, the fermentation temperature in step S3 is 35-45℃, and the fermentation time is 6-10h.
[0023] The aforementioned enzymatic hydrolysis temperature enables rapid and thorough hydrolysis, facilitating subsequent fermentation. The aforementioned fermentation temperature allows for synergistic fermentation of the two microorganisms, increasing the content of active ingredients in the extract and promoting the production of components that enhance microbial activity during fermentation. Furthermore, the mild enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation conditions facilitate industrial-scale implementation.
[0024] Optionally, the preparation method of the Polygonum cuspidatum extract is as follows: After crushing the Polygonum cuspidatum, add it to anhydrous ethanol at a weight of 4-5 times that of Polygonum cuspidatum and soak and extract at 20-30℃ for 18-32 hours to obtain an extract. Filter the extract and concentrate it under reduced pressure to obtain a paste. The extract was placed in the extraction solution and stirred at 30-40°C for at least 4 hours. The upper liquid phase was collected and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain the Polygonum cuspidatum extract. The extraction solution consisted of methanol, water, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether, β-cyclodextrin and 3,6-dioxo-1,8-octanedithiol in a volume ratio of 6:10:5:2:0.3:0.2.
[0025] In the above-mentioned method for preparing Polygonum cuspidatum extract, the extraction of emodin methyl ether from Polygonum cuspidatum can be effectively achieved by extraction with anhydrous ethanol. However, the applicant found that direct application of the extract as fertilizer would reduce the effects of controlling excessive growth and promoting fruit expansion. Therefore, the addition of β-cyclodextrin and 3,6-dioxo-1,8-octanedithiol to the extract in this application can remove undesirable components from the extract, thereby ensuring that the Polygonum cuspidatum extract plays its best role in the fertilizer composition.
[0026] Optionally, the stirring speed of the extract in the extraction solution is 500-1000 r / min.
[0027] According to a second aspect of this application, a method for preparing a fertilizer composition that combines growth control and fruit enlargement as described in any of the above claims is provided, comprising the following steps: (1) Add sodium alginate, acrylic acid, allyl glycidyl ether and initiator to water, heat to 65-75℃ and prepolymerize for 1-2 hours to obtain prepolymer; (2) Add amino acids and plant extracts to the prepolymer of step (1) and sonicate at 50-60°C to obtain hydrogel precursor solution; (3) Add crosslinking agent to hydrogel precursor solution, react at 70-80℃ for 6-8h, filter and dry to obtain the product.
[0028] In the above preparation method, the hydrogel prepolymer is generated through step (1), and in step (2), the amino acids and plant extracts are mixed with the prepolymer to obtain the hydrogel precursor liquid. The amino acids and plant extracts can be uniformly dispersed in the hydrogel, thereby improving the uniformity of the sustained release effect and achieving the effects of continuous, uniform growth control and fruit expansion.
[0029] Optionally, the initiator is selected from ammonium persulfate or potassium persulfate; The crosslinking agent is selected from N,N-dimethylacrylamide.
[0030] Optionally, the ultrasonic treatment time for both steps (1) and (2) is 30-60 min.
[0031] The beneficial effects of this application include, but are not limited to: 1. The fertilizer composition of this application, which combines growth control and fruit expansion, can solve the drawbacks of existing chemical plant growth regulators, such as unstable growth control, small fruit size, and potential safety hazards. It can achieve continuous and stable growth control while simultaneously promoting fruit expansion, thereby improving crop yield and quality.
[0032] 2. The fertilizer composition of this application, which combines growth control and fruit expansion, can achieve slow release of fertilizer through hydrogel, ensuring that the fertilizer composition can play a continuous and stable role, and further improving the effectiveness time of the fertilizer composition.
[0033] 3. The fertilizer composition of this application, which combines growth control and fruit expansion, can promote the division of fruit cells through the combination of four plant extracts, and improve the fertilizer and water retention capacity of crops with the synergy of hydrogel, thereby maximizing the efficacy of the four plant extracts.
[0034] 4. The preparation method of the fertilizer composition that combines growth control and fruit expansion according to this application is simple and easy to operate. Moreover, the extraction conditions of the four plant extracts are mild, which can maximize the utilization of raw materials and broaden the application prospects of the four Chinese medicinal plants. Detailed Implementation
[0035] The present application is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but the present application is not limited to these embodiments.
[0036] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used in the embodiments and comparative examples of this application were purchased commercially. The water-soluble Bacillus laterosporus, water-soluble Bacillus licheniformis, and compound Bacillus used in the following embodiments and comparative examples were all purchased from Shandong Dehe Mingxing Trading Co., Ltd.
[0037] Unless otherwise specified, the methods used in the embodiments and comparative examples of this application are conventional methods in the prior art.
[0038] Example 1 This embodiment relates to a fertilizer composition that combines growth control and fruit enlargement, comprising amino acids, plant extracts and hydrogel in a weight ratio of 1:0.15:0.35, wherein the amino acids and plant extracts are dispersed in the hydrogel, and the amino acid is L-methionine; By weight, the plant extracts include: 12 parts of Codonopsis pilosula straw extract, 18 parts of Taxus wallichiana leaf extract, 9 parts of Polygonum cuspidatum extract, and 6 parts of Polygonum cuspidatum extract. The hydrogel comprises, by weight, 18 parts sodium alginate, 75 parts acrylic acid, 14 parts allyl glycidyl ether, 5 parts N,N-dimethylacrylamide and 0.4 parts ammonium persulfate.
[0039] The preparation method of the above-mentioned fertilizer composition that combines growth control and fruit expansion includes the following steps: (1) Sodium alginate, acrylic acid, allyl glycidyl ether and ammonium persulfate were added to 120 parts of water and heated to 70°C for 1 hour to obtain a prepolymer; (2) Add amino acids and plant extracts to the prepolymer of step (1) and sonicate at 55°C for 30 min to obtain hydrogel precursor solution; (3) Add N,N-dimethylacrylamide to the hydrogel precursor solution, react at 75°C for 8 hours, filter and dry to obtain the product.
[0040] The preparation method of the Codonopsis pilosula straw extract is as follows: the Codonopsis pilosula straw is dried, crushed and added to water with a weight of 5 times that of the Codonopsis pilosula straw, and extracted at 25°C for 48 hours to obtain an extract. The extract is then filtered and concentrated to 17% of the original volume of the extract to obtain the Codonopsis pilosula straw extract.
[0041] The preparation method of the *Polygonum chinense* extract is as follows: dry and pulverize *Polygonum chinense*, add it to water with a weight of 5 times that of *Polygonum chinense*, decoct at 85°C for 1.5 hours, decoct three times, combine the decoctions, concentrate to 17% of the original volume of the decoction, and filter to obtain the *Polygonum chinense* extract.
[0042] The preparation method of the Southern Yew Leaf Extract is as follows: S1: Crush the leaves of the Southern Yew and add them to a 0.3wt% lactic acid solution. Soak at 25℃ for 2 hours, then remove and rinse clean to obtain the material to be extracted. S2: Add the material to be extracted to an ethanol-water solution with a weight of 10 times that of the material to be extracted, add pectinase and cellulase, and enzymatically hydrolyze at 45-50℃ for 2-4 hours to obtain an enzymatic hydrolysate. The amount of pectinase added is 0.5 wt% of the material to be extracted, and the amount of cellulase added is 1.0 wt% of the material to be extracted. S3: Add water-soluble Bacillus laterosporus and water-soluble Bacillus licheniformis to the enzymatic hydrolysate, ferment at 40℃ for 10 hours to obtain fermentation broth, filter and concentrate the fermentation broth to 15% of the original volume of the enzymatic hydrolysate, the amount of water-soluble Bacillus laterosporus added is 1.4wt% of the material to be extracted, and the amount of water-soluble Bacillus licheniformis added is 0.6wt% of the material to be extracted.
[0043] The preparation method of the Polygonum cuspidatum extract is as follows: After crushing the Polygonum cuspidatum, add it to anhydrous ethanol at a weight of 5 times that of Polygonum cuspidatum and soak and extract at 25°C for 26 hours to obtain an extract. Filter the extract and concentrate it under reduced pressure to obtain a paste. The extract was placed in the extraction solution and stirred at 35°C and 1000 r / min for 4 h. The upper liquid phase was collected and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain the Polygonum cuspidatum extract. The extraction solution consisted of methanol, water, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether, β-cyclodextrin and 3,6-dioxo-1,8-octanedithiol in a volume ratio of 6:10:5:2:0.3:0.2.
[0044] Example 2 This embodiment relates to a fertilizer composition that combines growth control and fruit enlargement, comprising amino acids, plant extracts and hydrogel in a weight ratio of 1:0.2:0.35, wherein the amino acids and plant extracts are dispersed in the hydrogel, and the amino acid is L-proline; By weight, the plant extracts include: 10 parts Codonopsis pilosula straw extract, 20 parts Taxus wallichiana leaf extract, 8 parts Polygonum cuspidatum extract, and 5 parts Polygonum cuspidatum extract. The hydrogel comprises, by weight, 15 parts sodium alginate, 80 parts acrylic acid, 15 parts allyl glycidyl ether, 6 parts N,N-dimethylacrylamide and 0.5 parts ammonium persulfate.
[0045] The preparation method of the above-mentioned fertilizer composition that combines growth control and fruit expansion includes the following steps: (1) Sodium alginate, acrylic acid, allyl glycidyl ether and potassium persulfate were added to 120 parts of water and heated to 65°C for 2 hours to obtain a prepolymer; (2) Add amino acids and plant extracts to the prepolymer of step (1) and sonicate at 60°C for 30 min to obtain hydrogel precursor solution; (3) Add N,N-dimethylacrylamide to the hydrogel precursor solution, react at 70°C for 8 hours, filter and dry to obtain the product.
[0046] The preparation method of the Codonopsis pilosula straw extract is as follows: the Codonopsis pilosula straw is dried, crushed and added to water with a weight of 5 times that of the Codonopsis pilosula straw, and extracted at 25°C for 48 hours to obtain an extract. The extract is then filtered and concentrated to 20% of the original volume of the extract to obtain the Codonopsis pilosula straw extract.
[0047] The preparation method of the *Polygonum chinense* extract is as follows: dry and pulverize *Polygonum chinense*, add it to water with a weight of 6 times that of *Polygonum chinense*, decoct at 90°C for 1.5 hours, decoct three times, combine the decoctions, concentrate to 15% of the original volume of the decoction, and filter to obtain the *Polygonum chinense* extract.
[0048] The preparation method of the Southern Yew Leaf Extract is as follows: S1: Crush the leaves of the Southern Yew and add them to a 0.2wt% lactic acid solution. Soak at 25℃ for 2 hours, then remove and rinse clean to obtain the material to be extracted; S2: Add the material to be extracted to an ethanol-water solution with a weight of 12 times that of the material to be extracted, add pectinase and cellulase, and enzymatically hydrolyze at 45°C for 4 hours to obtain an enzymatic hydrolysate. The amount of pectinase added is 0.8 wt% of the material to be extracted, and the amount of cellulase added is 0.7 wt% of the material to be extracted. S3: Add water-soluble Bacillus laterosporus and water-soluble Bacillus licheniformis to the enzymatic hydrolysate, ferment at 35℃ for 10 hours to obtain the fermentation broth, filter and concentrate the fermentation broth to 20% of the original volume of the enzymatic hydrolysate. The amount of water-soluble Bacillus laterosporus added is 1.0 wt% of the material to be extracted, and the amount of water-soluble Bacillus licheniformis added is 0.8 wt% of the material to be extracted.
[0049] The preparation method of the Polygonum cuspidatum extract is as follows: After crushing the Polygonum cuspidatum, add it to anhydrous ethanol at a weight of 4 times that of Polygonum cuspidatum and soak and extract at 30°C for 18 hours to obtain an extract. Filter the extract and concentrate it under reduced pressure to obtain a paste. The extract was placed in the extraction solution and stirred at 30°C and 500 r / min for 6 h. The upper liquid phase was collected and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain the Polygonum cuspidatum extract. The extraction solution was composed of methanol, water, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether, β-cyclodextrin and 3,6-dioxo-1,8-octanedithiol in a volume ratio of 6:10:5:2:0.3:0.2.
[0050] Example 3 This embodiment relates to a fertilizer composition that combines growth control and fruit enlargement, comprising amino acids, plant extracts, and a hydrogel in a weight ratio of 1:0.1:0.3. The amino acids and plant extracts are dispersed in the hydrogel, and the amino acid is L-arginine. By weight, the plant extracts include: 15 parts Codonopsis pilosula straw extract, 18 parts Taxus wallichiana leaf extract, 10 parts Polygonum cuspidatum extract, and 5 parts Polygonum cuspidatum extract. The hydrogel comprises, by weight, 20 parts sodium alginate, 70 parts acrylic acid, 12 parts allyl glycidyl ether, 4 parts N,N-dimethylacrylamide and 0.35 parts ammonium persulfate.
[0051] The preparation method of the above-mentioned fertilizer composition that combines growth control and fruit expansion includes the following steps: (1) Sodium alginate, acrylic acid, allyl glycidyl ether and ammonium persulfate initiator were added to 150 parts of water and heated to 75°C for 1 hour to obtain a prepolymer; (2) Add amino acids and plant extracts to the prepolymer of step (1) and sonicate at 50°C for 60 min to obtain hydrogel precursor solution; (3) Add N,N-dimethylacrylamide to the hydrogel precursor solution, react at 80°C for 6 hours, filter and dry to obtain the product.
[0052] The preparation method of the Codonopsis pilosula straw extract is as follows: the Codonopsis pilosula straw is dried, crushed and added to water with a weight of 6 times that of the Codonopsis pilosula straw, and extracted at 25°C for 48 hours to obtain an extract. The extract is then filtered and concentrated to 20% of the original volume of the extract to obtain the Codonopsis pilosula straw extract.
[0053] The preparation method of the *Polygonum chinense* extract is as follows: dry and pulverize *Polygonum chinense*, add it to water with a weight of 5 times that of *Polygonum chinense*, decoct at 80°C for 1.5 hours, decoct three times, combine the decoctions, concentrate to 20% of the original volume of the decoction, and filter to obtain the *Polygonum chinense* extract.
[0054] The preparation method of the Southern Yew Leaf Extract is as follows: S1: Crush the leaves of the Southern Yew and add them to a 0.4wt% lactic acid solution. Soak at 25℃ for 2 hours, then remove and rinse clean to obtain the material to be extracted. S2: Add the material to be extracted to an ethanol-water solution with a weight of 8 times that of the material to be extracted, add pectinase and cellulase, and enzymatically hydrolyze at 50°C for 2 hours to obtain an enzymatic hydrolysate. The amount of pectinase added is 0.2 wt% of the material to be extracted, and the amount of cellulase added is 1.3 wt% of the material to be extracted. S3: Add water-soluble Bacillus laterosporus and water-soluble Bacillus licheniformis to the enzymatic hydrolysate, ferment at 45℃ for 6 hours to obtain the fermentation broth, filter and concentrate the fermentation broth to 15% of the original volume of the enzymatic hydrolysate, the amount of water-soluble Bacillus laterosporus added is 1.6wt% of the material to be extracted, and the amount of water-soluble Bacillus licheniformis added is 0.5wt% of the material to be extracted.
[0055] The preparation method of the Polygonum cuspidatum extract is as follows: After crushing the Polygonum cuspidatum, add it to anhydrous ethanol at a weight of 5 times that of Polygonum cuspidatum and soak and extract at 20°C for 32 hours to obtain an extract. Filter the extract and concentrate it under reduced pressure to obtain a paste. The extract was placed in the extraction solution and stirred at 40°C and 1000 r / min for 4 h. The upper liquid phase was collected and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain the Polygonum cuspidatum extract. The extraction solution consisted of methanol, water, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether, β-cyclodextrin and 3,6-dioxo-1,8-octanedithiol in a volume ratio of 6:10:5:2:0.3:0.2.
[0056] Example 4 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the amount of Codonopsis pilosula straw extract is 15 parts.
[0057] Example 5 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the amount of Taxus chinensis leaf extract is 20 parts.
[0058] Example 6 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that, in the preparation method of the southern yew leaf extract, compound Bacillus is used instead of water-soluble Bacillus laterosporus.
[0059] Example 7 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that water-soluble Bacillus licheniformis is not added in the preparation method of the southern yew leaf extract.
[0060] Example 8 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the preparation method of the southern yew leaf extract does not include step S1, and the crushed southern yew leaves are directly subjected to step S2.
[0061] Example 9 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the preparation method of the southern yew leaf extract does not include step S2, and the material to be extracted is directly subjected to step S3.
[0062] Example 10 The difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the extract in the preparation method of Polygonum cuspidatum extract does not contain β-cyclodextrin.
[0063] Example 11 The difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the extract in the preparation method of Polygonum cuspidatum extract does not contain 3,6-dioxo-1,8-octanedithiol.
[0064] Comparative Example 1 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that acrylamide is used instead of allyl glycidyl ether.
[0065] Comparative Example 2 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that chitosan is used instead of sodium alginate.
[0066] Comparative Example 3 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the amount of Taxus chinensis leaf extract is 10 parts.
[0067] Comparative Example 4 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the Polygonum cuspidatum extract was 8 parts.
[0068] Comparative Example 5 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that no Codonopsis pilosula straw extract was added.
[0069] Comparative Example 6 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that no extract of *Polygonum chinense* was added.
[0070] Test Example 1 In a field in Weifang where Ophiopogon japonicus has been planted for many consecutive years, the soil bulk density is 1.38-1.40 g / cm³. 3 The total porosity was 47-49%, and the pH was 5.8-6.0. The experiment was conducted in 17 experimental zones. Ophiopogon japonicus seedlings were planted with a row spacing of 15cm and a plant spacing of 10cm, with each seedling planted individually in a planting hole. Before the seedlings were sown, they were immersed in a 1300-fold dilution of a mixture of carbendazim, thiram, imidacloprid, and fipronil (weight ratio 2:1:1:1) for 35 seconds. Specific fertilization methods were as follows: Control group: 80 kg / mu of base fertilizer + 2.5 kg / mu of pest and disease preventative agent, the pest and disease preventative agent containing 2.2 × 10⁻⁶ ppm. 9 CFU / g of Paecilomyces lilacinus and 12wt% of thiazophos, with the balance being water; Experimental group: 80 kg / mu base fertilizer + 2.5 kg / mu pest and disease prevention agent + 50 kg / mu fertilizer composition (the fertilizer composition obtained in the above examples and comparative examples).
[0071] The base fertilizer consists of: compound fertilizer in a weight ratio of 33:7:4:110:11, trace elements, microorganisms (Bacillus thuringiensis), organic fertilizer, and Diwo ABL.
[0072] The test results are shown in Table 1.
[0073] The dwarfing rate is calculated based on the blank group. For example, the dwarfing rate of Example 1 is calculated as [(average plant height of wheat in Example 1 - average plant height of wheat in the blank group) / average plant height of wheat in the blank group] × 100%. The average plant height refers to the average plant height calculated by randomly selecting 20 Ophiopogon japonicus plants from each example, comparative example, and blank group.
[0074] Table 1
[0075] Test Example 2 150g of fertilizer composition, 5g of Bacillus subtilis, 5g of nitrifying bacteria and 5g of actinomycetes prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were mixed with 10kg of soil, stirred evenly and placed in sterile pots. The pots were placed at 25℃ and 65% humidity for 30 days. The viable bacteria count of the examples and comparative examples was measured and the viable bacteria retention rate was calculated according to the following formula. The test results are shown in Table 2, where viable bacteria retention rate = (viable bacteria count after 30 days / initial viable bacteria count) × 100%.
[0076] Table 2
[0077] Based on the above test results, the fertilizer composition of this application can increase the yield of Ophiopogon japonicus while continuously controlling excessive growth. Furthermore, the fertilizer composition can also improve the activity of microorganisms in the soil, provide a stable growth environment for crops, and thus improve the growth quality of crops.
[0078] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application, and the scope of protection of this application is not limited to these specific embodiments, but is determined by the claims of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the technical concept and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A fertilizer composition that combines growth control and fruit enlargement, characterized in that, It comprises amino acids, plant extracts and hydrogel in a weight ratio of 1:(0.1-0.2):(0.3-0.35), wherein the amino acids and plant extracts are dispersed in the hydrogel; The amino acid includes at least one of L-methionine, L-proline, and L-arginine; By weight, the plant extracts include: 10-15 parts of Codonopsis pilosula straw extract, 18-20 parts of Taxus wallichiana leaf extract, 8-10 parts of Polygonum cuspidatum extract, and 5-6 parts of Polygonum cuspidatum extract. The hydrogel comprises, by weight, 15-20 parts sodium alginate, 70-80 parts acrylic acid, 12-15 parts allyl glycidyl ether, 4-6 parts crosslinking agent and 0.35-0.5 parts initiator.
2. The fertilizer composition according to claim 1, which combines growth control and fruit expansion, is characterized in that, The weight ratio of the Codonopsis pilosula straw extract to the Polygonum chinense extract is 1:0.
75.
3. The fertilizer composition according to claim 1, which combines growth control and fruit expansion, is characterized in that, The weight ratio of the Taxus chinensis leaf extract to the Polygonum cuspidatum extract is 3:
1.
4. The fertilizer composition according to claim 1, which combines growth control and fruit expansion, is characterized in that, The preparation method of the Southern Yew Leaf Extract is as follows: S1: Crush the leaves of the southern yew and add them to a 0.2-0.4wt% lactic acid solution. Soak at 25℃ for 2 hours, then remove and rinse clean to obtain the material to be extracted. S2: Add the material to be extracted to an ethanol-water solution with a weight of 8-12 times that of the material to be extracted, add pectinase and cellulase to hydrolyze and obtain an enzymatic hydrolysate. The amount of pectinase added is 0.2-0.8 wt% of the material to be extracted, and the amount of cellulase added is 0.7-1.3 wt% of the material to be extracted. S3: Add water-soluble Bacillus laterosporus and water-soluble Bacillus licheniformis to the enzymatic hydrolysate for fermentation to obtain fermentation broth. Filter and concentrate the fermentation broth to 15-20% of the original volume of the enzymatic hydrolysate. The amount of water-soluble Bacillus laterosporus added is 1.0-1.6 wt% of the material to be extracted, and the amount of water-soluble Bacillus licheniformis added is 0.5-0.8 wt% of the material to be extracted.
5. The fertilizer composition according to claim 4, which combines growth control and fruit expansion, is characterized in that, In step S2, the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature of pectinase and cellulase is 45-50℃, and the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 2-4h.
6. The fertilizer composition according to claim 4, which combines growth control and fruit expansion, is characterized in that, The fermentation temperature in step S3 is 35-45℃, and the fermentation time is 6-10h.
7. The fertilizer composition according to claim 1, which combines growth control and fruit expansion, is characterized in that, The preparation method of the Polygonum cuspidatum extract is as follows: After crushing the Polygonum cuspidatum, add it to anhydrous ethanol at a weight of 4-5 times that of Polygonum cuspidatum and soak and extract at 20-30℃ for 18-32 hours to obtain an extract. Filter the extract and concentrate it under reduced pressure to obtain a paste. The extract was placed in the extraction solution and stirred at 30-40°C for at least 4 hours. The upper liquid phase was collected and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain the Polygonum cuspidatum extract. The extraction solution consisted of methanol, water, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether, β-cyclodextrin and 3,6-dioxo-1,8-octanedithiol in a volume ratio of 6:10:5:2:0.3:0.
2.
8. A method for preparing the fertilizer composition with both growth-regulating and fruit-enlarging effects as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Sodium alginate, acrylic acid, allyl glycidyl ether and initiator are added to water and heated to 65-75℃ for 1-2 hours to prepolymerize to obtain prepolymer; (2) Add amino acids and plant extracts to the prepolymer of step (1) and sonicate at 50-60°C to obtain hydrogel precursor solution; (3) Add crosslinking agent to hydrogel precursor solution, react at 70-80℃ for 6-8h, filter and dry to obtain.
9. The method for preparing the fertilizer composition with both growth control and fruit expansion effects according to claim 8, characterized in that, The initiator is selected from ammonium persulfate or potassium persulfate.
10. The method for preparing the fertilizer composition with both growth control and fruit expansion effects according to claim 8, characterized in that, The crosslinking agent is selected from N,N-dimethylacrylamide.