Extrusion device for processing and forming plastic-wood board

Abstract

This invention provides an extrusion device for processing and molding wood-plastic composite (WPC) sheets, relating to the field of sheet processing technology. It includes an extruder barrel with a feed cylinder at its inlet end. The feed cylinder has a detachable top plate, and a geared motor is mounted at the center of the top of the top plate. An anti-bridging and arch-breaking mechanism is provided inside the feed cylinder. This mechanism includes a vertically rotating arch-breaking shaft and arch-breaking arms fixedly installed on the side wall of the arch-breaking shaft. By setting the above structure, the longitudinal arch-breaking protrusions, spaced arch-breaking protrusions, and transverse arch-breaking protrusions form a grid shearing structure, which can cut and tear apart fiber clumps and agglomerates in the WPC raw material, completely eliminating bridging. Combined with an inverted trapezoidal guide trough that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, it ensures smooth material feeding. The bottom arch-breaking plate eliminates dead angles and bridging during feeding, ensuring that the raw material continuously and evenly enters the extruder barrel, effectively avoiding defects such as uneven sheet density, broken strips, material shortages, and internal voids caused by feeding fluctuations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of board processing technology, and more specifically, to an extrusion device for processing and molding wood-plastic composite boards. Background Technology

[0002] Wood-plastic composite (WPC) is an environmentally friendly composite material made from thermoplastic polymers and wood fibers. After mixing and compounding, it is formed through processes such as extrusion and molding. It combines the excellent properties of both wood and plastic and is widely used in outdoor landscaping and home decoration building materials. In the processing of WPC, the molten and mixed raw materials need to be extruded into shape using an extrusion device. The raw materials are generally fed into the feed cylinder of the extrusion device through a hopper. Because the proportion of wood fibers in WPC raw materials is relatively high, the raw material particles have poor flowability and are prone to bridging and arching in the feed cylinder, resulting in poor material feeding, affecting extrusion stability, and ultimately causing quality defects such as uneven thickness and material shortage in the formed WPC.

[0003] Patent publication number CN114347416B discloses a wood-plastic furniture board processing equipment. Through the cooperation between the inlet and cooling channel on the pressing base and the cold treatment component on the support base, when the pressing base moves toward the board surface, cold treatment water is simultaneously introduced into the inlet and the processing pipe to perform water cooling treatment on the outer wall of the board and the inner wall of the perforation. During the pressing process, air is simultaneously extracted from the inlet and the processing pipe to quickly remove the heat dissipated from the outer wall of the board and the inner wall of the perforation. Thus, heat is dissipated simultaneously through the perforation and the outer wall of the board, ensuring the uniform heat dissipation of the board and greatly shortening the time required for bending and pressing the board.

[0004] While the above-mentioned solutions achieve uniform cooling of the sheet metal after molding, they still have significant shortcomings in practical applications: Firstly, relying solely on gravity for feeding makes it easy for raw materials to bridge and arch at the feeding position of the feed cylinder, causing feeding interruptions or uneven feeding amounts, making it impossible to stably supply material to the extruder barrel and ensuring the quality of the extruded sheet. Secondly, simple stirring cannot fully break up the lumpy raw materials in the bridging area, resulting in an unsatisfactory arch-breaking effect. Thirdly, the raw material lumps adhering to the inner wall of the feed cylinder cannot be cleaned in time, and long-term accumulation not only affects the effective feeding volume of the feed cylinder, but also makes it easy for detached lumps to mix into the raw materials. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide an extrusion device for processing and molding wood-plastic composite (WPC) sheets. This extrusion device continuously agitates the raw material in the feed cylinder through an anti-bridging and arching mechanism, preventing bridging and arching of the raw material within the feed cylinder and ensuring stable feeding. Simultaneously, a cleaning scraper that elastically conforms to the inner wall of the feed cylinder can remove raw material clumps adhering to the inner wall at any time, preventing long-term accumulation of clumps from affecting the feeding operation. Furthermore, the elastically clamping design of the cleaning scraper can accommodate a certain amount of wear, extending its service life. Additionally, a positioning and insertable maintenance baffle is used at the inspection port, facilitating easy disassembly and assembly, and enabling quick cleaning and maintenance of the extruder barrel transition area.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an extrusion device for processing and molding wood-plastic composite boards, comprising an extruder barrel, a segmented cast aluminum heater sleeved on the outside of the extruder barrel, a feed cylinder provided at the feed end of the extruder barrel, a detachable top plate of the feed cylinder, and a reduction motor mounted at the center of the top of the top plate; The feed cylinder is equipped with an anti-bridging and arch-breaking mechanism, which includes an arch-breaking shaft that is vertically rotatably installed and an arch-breaking arm that is fixedly installed on the side wall of the arch-breaking shaft. The upper end of the arch-breaking shaft is connected to the output end of the reduction motor. The arch-breaking arm has a hollow cavity inside, and several arch-breaking blocks are fixed in the hollow cavity along the length of the arch-breaking arm. The end of the arch-breaking arm away from the arch-breaking shaft is equipped with a cleaning scraper that can fit against the inner wall of the feed cylinder, and an elastic element is provided between the cleaning scraper and the end of the arch-breaking shaft.

[0007] Preferably, a receiving plate is fixed to the top of the feed cylinder, and assembly plates are fixed to both sides of the top plate, with the assembly plates mounted on the upper surface of the receiving plate.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom sides of the assembly plate are fixed with limiting posts that penetrate the receiving plate, and a lifting rod is slidably connected to the assembly plate. The limiting posts are provided with limiting holes that are adapted to the lifting rod, and the end of the lifting rod can be inserted into the limiting hole to fix the assembly plate.

[0009] Preferably, a spring seat is fixed on the lifting rod inside the assembly plate, and a first spring abuts against the side wall of the assembly plate, and the first spring is sleeved around the lifting rod.

[0010] Preferably, a reinforcing block is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the spring seat, and a through groove is opened on the assembly plate at the corresponding position for the reinforcing block to pass through. After passing through the through groove, the reinforcing block is laterally fixedly connected to the lifting rod.

[0011] Preferably, the arch-breaking arms are provided with several arms along the length of the arch-breaking axis, and the arch-breaking arms in the vertical direction are staggered. An arch-breaking plate is fixed at the bottom of the arch-breaking axis. The arch-breaking block includes two arch-breaking protrusions arranged in the same direction along the length of the arch-breaking arms. Between the two arch-breaking protrusions, there are several spaced arch-breaking protrusions arranged in the same direction as the arch-breaking protrusions. The arch-breaking block also has a transverse arch-breaking protrusion that intersects with the arch-breaking protrusions and the spaced arch-breaking protrusions and connects all the protrusions into one. The arch-breaking block has an inverted trapezoidal guide groove that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

[0012] Preferably, a connecting plate is fixed to the end of the arch-breaking arm away from the arch-breaking axis, the cleaning scraper is assembled on the connecting plate, and guide rods are fixed to the four corners of the side of the cleaning scraper facing the connecting plate. The guide rods pass through the connecting plate, and a limit block is threaded to one end of the guide rod extending out of the connecting plate.

[0013] Preferably, the elastic element is a third spring sleeved around the guide rod, and a spring preload plate is slidably connected to the guide rod, with the third spring abutting between the spring preload plate and the connecting plate.

[0014] Preferably, a locking block is fixed to the side of the spring pretensioning plate facing the cleaning scraper, and two locking plates are fixed to the locking block. The cleaning scraper has a groove for the locking plates to slide. A locking chamber is fixed to the side of the cleaning scraper facing the spring pretensioning plate. A partition is provided in the locking chamber. Two locking rods are symmetrically slidably connected to the locking chamber about the partition. A second spring abuts between the locking rods and the partition. A plurality of locking holes adapted to the locking rods are provided on the locking plate.

[0015] Preferably, the extruder barrel has a transition zone inspection port, a receiving platform is fixed inside the transition zone inspection port, an inspection baffle is mounted on the receiving platform, an adapter block is fixed at the bottom of the inspection baffle, a positioning hole is opened at the corner of the receiving platform, and a positioning rod adapted to the positioning hole is fixed at the bottom corner of the inspection baffle.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are: This invention provides an extrusion device for processing and molding wood-plastic composite (WPC) sheets. The device employs vertically staggered anti-bridging arms paired with an integrally molded anti-bridging block. A grid shearing structure is formed by longitudinal, spaced, and transverse anti-bridging protrusions, which can cut and tear apart fiber clumps and agglomerates in the WPC raw material, completely eliminating bridging. Combined with an inverted trapezoidal guide trough that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, smooth material feeding is achieved. The bottom anti-bridging plate eliminates dead angles and bridging during feeding, ensuring that the raw material continuously and evenly enters the extruder barrel. This effectively avoids defects such as uneven sheet density, broken strips, material shortages, and internal voids caused by feeding fluctuations, significantly improving the stability and yield of WPC sheet extrusion molding.

[0017] The scraper of this application is always in contact with the inner wall of the feed cylinder under the elastic push of the third spring, which can continuously scrape off the wood powder or other raw materials adhering to the wall. The scraper can elastically retract to buffer the impact of hard lumps. With the adjustable spring pre-tightening structure, it can adapt to the scraper usage requirements of different wear levels, extend the scraper service life, reduce the waste of raw material residue on the wall, and ensure the cleanliness of the inside of the feed cylinder and the purity of the raw materials.

[0018] The top plate of this application adopts a spring-loaded automatic locking and integrated lifting structure. Pulling the lifting rod can quickly unlock the mechanism and pull out the entire arch-breaking mechanism, which greatly reduces the difficulty of cleaning and replacing internal parts. The extruder barrel transition area adopts a positioning rod and a positioning hole insert-type maintenance baffle, which is simple to disassemble and assemble and can quickly clean up the accumulated material without disassembling the whole machine. This effectively shortens maintenance downtime, improves the continuous operation efficiency of the equipment, and is suitable for the large-scale and continuous production needs of wood-plastic composite boards. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of the feed cylinder of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the connection between the arch-breaking arm and the cleaning scraper of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the spring preload plate structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the top plate and the arch-breaking shaft of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the connection between the top plate and the supporting plate of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure and the separation of the maintenance baffle of the present invention; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged structural diagram at point C; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the arch-breaking block structure of the present invention.

[0020] The components are as follows: 10. Extruder barrel; 101. Feed barrel; 102. Receiving plate; 20. Top plate; 201. Assembly plate; 202. Lifting rod; 2021. Spring seat; 203. First spring; 204. Reinforcing block; 205. Limiting post; 2051. Limiting hole; 206. Gear motor; 30. Arch-breaking shaft; 301. Arch-breaking arm; 3011. Hollow cavity; 302. Arch-breaking block; 3021. Arch-breaking protrusion; 3022. Interval arch-breaking protrusion; 3023. Transverse arch-breaking protrusion; 3024. 1. Guide chute; 303. Arch breaking plate; 40. Connecting plate; 50. Cleaning scraper; 501. Guide rod; 5011. Limiting block; 502. Chute body; 503. Locking chamber; 5031. Locking rod; 5032. Second spring; 60. Spring pretensioning plate; 601. Locking block; 6011. Locking plate; 6012. Locking hole; 70. Third spring; 80. Transition zone inspection port; 801. Receiving platform; 802. Positioning hole; 90. Inspection baffle; 901. Adaptor block; 902. Positioning rod. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only, representing schematic diagrams rather than actual physical objects, and should not be construed as limiting the invention. To better illustrate the embodiments of the invention, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0022] Example 1 like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, this invention provides an extrusion device for processing and molding wood-plastic composite boards. The entire machine is equipped with an extruder barrel 10, and the barrel is surrounded by segmented cast aluminum heating components to ensure the material processing temperature. The segmented cast aluminum heating components in this application are preferably of a modular type, composed of multiple standardized heating units. Each unit contains an independent heating element and temperature control system, and can be flexibly combined into different lengths and shapes as needed. Considering that this is a mature heating control structure, it will not be described in detail here. Those skilled in the art can select and install a suitable segmented cast aluminum heater according to the actual extrusion processing requirements.

[0023] The extruder barrel 10 is connected to the feed barrel 101 at the feed position. The top plate 20 can be detached from the upper end of the feed barrel 101. The top plate 20 is vertically mounted with a geared motor 206 in the center. The feed barrel 101 is equipped with a working mechanism for breaking up material bridging and agglomeration. The vertically rotating arch-breaking shaft 30 is the core rotating component. The side wall of the shaft is stably equipped with an arch-breaking arm 301. The power end of the arch-breaking shaft 30 is directly connected to the output shaft of the geared motor 206 to realize power transmission. The arch-breaking arm 301 has a reserved hollow cavity 3011 space. Multiple arch-breaking blocks 302 are fixed in sequence in the cavity along the extension direction of the arm. The end of the arch-breaking arm 301 away from the axis is equipped with a cleaning scraper 50. The working surface of the scraper can closely fit the inner wall of the feed barrel 101. The cleaning scraper 50 and the end of the arch-breaking shaft 30 are connected by an elastic component to form a flexible connection structure.

[0024] The extrusion device for processing and molding wood-plastic composite boards of the present invention includes a working mechanism for breaking up material bridging and agglomeration inside the feed cylinder 101. A vertically rotating anti-bridging shaft 30 serves as the core of rotation; the motor drives the anti-bridging shaft 30 and the anti-bridging arm 301 to rotate together. The anti-bridging arm 301 has a pre-reserved hollow cavity 3011, and multiple anti-bridging blocks 302 are sequentially fixed inside the hollow cavity 3011 along the arm's extension direction. The hollow structure reduces the weight of the arm itself. The internal anti-bridging blocks 302 are trapezoidal, and during rotation, they can break up the original bridging and agglomeration. The material undergoes separate cutting and breaking down to prevent large clumps of material from clogging the feeding channel and ensure smooth feeding. During rotation, the material is agitated and dispersed, effectively breaking up material bridging and clumping. The cleaning scraper 50's working surface adheres to the inner wall of the feeding cylinder 101 and cleans the material attached to the cylinder wall synchronously with the rotation of the arch-breaking arm 301. The cleaning scraper 50 and the end of the arch-breaking arm 301 are flexibly connected by elastic components, which can continuously maintain the contact pressure on the inner wall of the feeding cylinder, avoid blind spots in scraping due to scraper wear, ensure the cleaning effect of the cylinder wall, and reduce the waste of raw material residue on the wall.

[0025] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in another embodiment, a receiving plate 102 is fixed to the upper end of the feed cylinder 101, and assembly plates 201 are fixed to the left and right sides of the top plate 20 respectively. The two assembly plates 201 are stably placed on the top surface of the receiving plate 102. Limiting posts 205 are vertically fixed on both sides of the bottom end of the assembly plate 201. The limiting posts 205 penetrate the body of the receiving plate 102 vertically downward. A lifting rod 202 that can slide laterally is movably mounted on the assembly plate 201. The limiting post 205 has a limiting hole 2051 that matches the end specification of the lifting rod 202. By pushing the lifting rod 202 so that its end is embedded in the limiting hole 2051, the position of the assembly plate 201 can be locked, thereby realizing the assembly and fixing between the top plate 20 and the feed cylinder 101.

[0026] The limiting post 205 vertically penetrates the receiving plate 102 to form a vertical limit. The rod-shaped lifting rod 202 is laterally mounted on the assembly plate 201. The limiting post 205 has a limiting hole 2051 that matches the end of the lifting rod 202. The lifting rod 202 is laterally pushed so that the end of the lifting rod 202 is embedded in the limiting hole 2051. The position of the assembly plate 201 is locked by the hole, so that the top plate 20 and the feed cylinder 101 are assembled and fixed. The disassembly and assembly are convenient and the top plate 20 can be quickly disassembled, which is convenient for operators to inspect and maintain the internal working structure of the feed cylinder 101.

[0027] Furthermore, such as Figure 8 As shown, in another embodiment, the spring seat 2021 is fixed at the rod segment position inside the assembly plate 201 of the lifting rod 202. The spring seat 2021 and the side wall of the assembly plate 201 abut against each other with a first spring 203. The first spring 203 is wrapped around the outer rod body of the lifting rod 202.

[0028] During normal operation of the equipment, the first spring 203 remains in an elastic and tight state. Relying on the spring preload, it pushes the spring seat 2021, ensuring that the end of the lifting rod 202 is always stably engaged inside the limiting hole 2051. This effectively prevents the lifting rod 202 from slipping or loosening due to equipment vibration, ensuring the stability of the top plate 20 assembly and locking. When the lifting rod 202 is pulled outward manually, the first spring 203 can be compressed to retract and unlock the rod, releasing the locking state of the top plate 20. After the lifting rod 202 is released, the first spring 203 rebounds and resets, automatically driving the lifting rod 202 to reset the locking mechanism, realizing the functions of quick disassembly and automatic locking of the top plate 20.

[0029] Furthermore, such as Figure 8 As shown, in another embodiment, a reinforcing block 204 is fixedly added to the top surface of the spring seat 2021, and a through groove is opened in the corresponding mating area of ​​the assembly plate 201 to accommodate the through passage of the reinforcing block 204. After passing through the through groove, the reinforcing block 204 is laterally fixed to the side wall of the lifting rod 202, so that the reinforcing block, the spring seat 2021 and the lifting rod 202 form an integral connection structure, effectively strengthening the assembly firmness of the lifting rod 202.

[0030] The reinforcing block 204, spring seat 2021 and lifting rod 202 form an integrated load-bearing structure. This structure not only strengthens the overall structural strength of the lifting rod 202 and prevents deformation and loosening caused by long-term sliding and vibration, but its most important function is to enable the lifting rod 202 to perform the function of locking the top plate while also having the function of lifting and bearing. Force can be applied directly upward through the lifting rod 202 to drive the assembly plate 201 and the top plate 20 to be lifted as a whole without the need for additional lifting components.

[0031] Example 2 like Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 11As shown, the extrusion device for processing and molding wood-plastic composite boards of the present invention has multiple arch-breaking arms 301 arranged axially along the shaft of the arch-breaking shaft 30. All arms are staggered and distributed in a vertical space. An arch-breaking plate 303 is also installed at the bottom of the arch-breaking shaft 30. The arch-breaking block 302 includes two arch-breaking protrusions 3021 arranged in the same direction along the length of the arch-breaking arms 301. Between the two arch-breaking protrusions 3021, there are several spaced arch-breaking protrusions 3022 arranged in the same direction as the arch-breaking protrusions 3021. The arch-breaking block 302 also has a transverse arch-breaking protrusion 3023 that crosses the arch-breaking protrusions 3021 and the spaced arch-breaking protrusions 3022 and connects all the protrusions into one. The interior of the arch-breaking block 302 has an inverted trapezoidal guide groove 3024 that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

[0032] The arch-breaking block 302 rotates synchronously with the arch-breaking arm 301. Within the arch-breaking block 302, two arch-breaking protrusions 3021 arranged in the same direction along the length of the arch-breaking arm 301, together with several intermediate arch-breaking protrusions 3022 arranged in the same direction, form a continuous longitudinal shearing surface. This surface performs preliminary cutting on the wood-plastic composite material passing through the hollowed-out area of ​​the arch-breaking arm, breaking up loose fiber clumps and lumps. Simultaneously, transverse arch-breaking protrusions 3023, arranged in a cross shape with the aforementioned protrusions, connect all the protrusions into a grid-like shearing structure, which can further cut the material laterally, eliminating arch-breaking blind spots and preventing large clumps of material from passing directly through. Furthermore, the arch-breaking protrusions 3021... There are gaps between the arch-breaking protrusions 3021 and 3022, and the independent arrangement of multiple arch-breaking protrusions 3021 and 3022 allows the arch-breaking protrusions 3021 and 3022 to cut into the thin parts of the wood-plastic composite block (such as the gaps in fiber clusters or the compacted layer of raw materials) with a smaller contact area. The blocks are broken up by cutting and tearing, rather than by hard impact from the entire arch-breaking arm 301. For wood-plastic composite raw materials, this method is more efficient than pure stirring arch breaking, especially for hard blocks with high moisture content and high fiber content. It can quickly break the core support points of the bridging and avoid the breakage and material shortage caused by the raw materials being suspended for a long time.

[0033] When the raw material passes through the arch-breaking block 302, it will enter the inverted trapezoidal guide channel 3024 that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The guide channel 3024 has a "wide opening and narrow bottom" structure, and the raw material entering the channel will slide down and out, avoiding the accumulation and jamming of wood powder and fiber in the channel. In addition, the channel wall and the connection between each protrusion are provided with rounded corners to further reduce the adhesion of raw materials.

[0034] In addition, the arch-breaking plate 303 installed at the bottom of the arch-breaking shaft 30 can disturb and break up the raw materials that are prone to bridging at the junction of the feed cylinder and the extruder cylinder, breaking the bottom dead corner bridging that is difficult to reach by the traditional arch-breaking arm, ensuring that the raw materials can enter the extruder cylinder continuously and evenly, and avoiding density fluctuations, broken strips or surface material defects of wood-plastic composite boards caused by uneven feeding.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in another embodiment, the outer end of the arch-breaking arm 301 is fixedly assembled with a connecting plate 40, and the cleaning scraper 50 is correspondingly installed on the outer side of the connecting plate 40. Guide rods 501 are fixed at the four corners of the end face of the cleaning scraper 50 facing the connecting plate 40. The rod body of the guide rod 501 extends outward through the connecting plate 40, and the end of the extended section is fitted with a limiting block 5011 by thread. A third spring 70 is sleeved on the outside of the guide rod 501, and a spring pretension plate 60 is also slidably mounted on the rod body. The two ends of the third spring 70 are respectively pressed and attached between the spring pretension plate 60 and the opposite end face of the connecting plate 40.

[0036] The third spring 70, which is sleeved on the outside of the guide rod 501, is clamped between the spring pretension plate 60 and the connecting plate 40. During operation, the third spring 70 uses its own elasticity to keep the cleaning scraper 50 in contact with the inner wall of the feed cylinder. As the mechanism rotates, it continuously cleans the attached material. When the cleaning scraper 50 encounters hard lumps of material, it can slide smoothly along the guide rod 501, compressing the third spring 70 to form an elastic yield, effectively buffering the impact force and reducing the probability of structural damage.

[0037] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in another embodiment, a locking block 601 is fixedly mounted on the end face of the spring preload plate 60 facing the cleaning scraper 50. Two locking plates 6011 are integrally fixed on the surface of the locking block 601. A groove 502 for sliding of the locking plate 6011 is opened at the corresponding position on the cleaning scraper 50. A locking chamber 503 is also fixed inside the cleaning scraper 50. A partition is provided inside the locking chamber 503. Two slidable locking rods 5031 are symmetrically assembled in the cavity with the partition as the center. A second spring 5032 is pressed between the locking rods 5031 and the partition. Multiple locking holes 6012 that can engage and position with the locking rods 5031 are distributed on the locking plate 6011.

[0038] The locking plate 6011 can slide inside the groove 502 of the cleaning scraper 50 to adjust the position of the spring pretension plate 60. Inside the locking chamber 503, the second spring 5032 elastically pushes the locking rod 5031, so that the end of the locking rod 5031 always extends outward and is locked into the locking hole 6012 to lock the locking plate 6011. When adjusting the position of the pretension plate, pinch the exposed handles of the two locking rods 5031 to bring them together, which will drive the end of the locking rod 5031 out of the locking hole 6012 and release the locking state of the locking plate 6011. After the position adjustment is completed, release the locking rod 5031, and the second spring 5032 will rebound and push the locking rod 5031 back into the corresponding locking hole 6012 to complete the locking. In this way, the pretension force of the third spring 70 can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to the cleaning scraper 50 with different wear levels, ensuring that the cleaning scraper 50 always maintains a suitable wall-adhering pressure.

[0039] Example 3 like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, in the extrusion device for processing and molding wood-plastic composite boards of the present invention, a transition zone inspection port 80 is opened on the side wall of the extruder barrel 10. A receiving platform 801 is fixedly installed inside the transition zone inspection port 80. An inspection baffle 90 is placed on the receiving platform 801. An adapter block 901 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the inspection baffle 90. A positioning hole 802 is reserved at the corner of the receiving platform 801. A positioning rod 902 is fixedly fixed at the bottom corner of the inspection baffle 90. The positioning rod 902 and the positioning hole 802 are interlocked and matched to complete the alignment and limiting of the transition zone inspection port 80 during installation.

[0040] During assembly, the positioning rod 902 is inserted into the positioning hole 802 to achieve the alignment and limiting of the maintenance baffle 90. The matching block 901 is used to fit properly to ensure that the maintenance baffle 90 is installed flat and fits tightly. During normal production, the maintenance baffle 90 closes the maintenance port 80 in the transition area, ensuring the overall sealing of the extruder barrel 10 and the stability of the molding temperature. During equipment maintenance, the maintenance baffle 90 can be quickly disassembled to directly clean and repair the accumulated material and carbonized impurities in the transition area of ​​the extruder barrel 10 without disassembling the entire machine structure.

[0041] It is worth noting that all sliding components inside the feed cylinder 101 of this application are required to be fitted with retractable dust covers to prevent raw material dust from entering the sliding gap and affecting the movement of the sliding components. The relevant dust covers are conventional selection settings in the field. Those skilled in the art can select and assemble dust sealing kits of appropriate specifications according to actual working conditions, and no additional limitations are made here.

[0042] Working principle: When the equipment is running, the wood-plastic composite raw material is fed into the feed cylinder 101. The segmented cast aluminum heating components around the extruder cylinder 10 maintain the temperature required for processing. After the geared motor 206 starts, it drives the anti-bridging shaft 30 to rotate vertically, which drives the multiple anti-bridging arms 301, which are axially spaced and staggered in the vertical space, to rotate synchronously. This disturbs the raw material at different heights in the feed cylinder 101 in all directions, preventing the raw material from being compacted and bridging from the source.

[0043] The arch-breaking arm 301 has an integrally formed arch-breaking block 302 that rotates synchronously with the arm body. The arch-breaking block 302 has two arch-breaking protrusions 3021 arranged in the same direction and several arch-breaking protrusions 3022 spaced in the same direction between them, forming a continuous longitudinal shearing surface. It cuts and tears the plastic wood fiber clumps and agglomerates with a small contact area. The cross-shaped transverse arch-breaking protrusions 3023 connect all the protrusions into one, forming a grid-like shearing structure. It cuts the raw material laterally to eliminate arch-breaking blind spots and avoids large agglomerates from blocking the channel. When the raw material passes through the arch-breaking block 302, it enters the inverted trapezoidal guide groove 3024, which is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The inclined surface of the groove allows the raw material to slide out smoothly. The rounded corners of the groove wall and the protrusions prevent wood powder and fiber from getting stuck and adhering. The arch-breaking plate 303 at the bottom of the arch-breaking shaft 30 synchronously disturbs the raw material at the junction of the feed cylinder 101 and the extruder barrel 10, breaking the dead corner bridging at the bottom and ensuring that the raw material enters the extruder barrel 10 continuously and evenly.

[0044] The cleaning scraper 50 rotates synchronously with the arch-breaking arm 301. The third spring 70 continuously applies an elastic pushing force to the cleaning scraper 50 through the spring pretension plate 60, so that the working surface of the scraper is always in close contact with the inner wall of the feed cylinder 101, scraping off the raw materials hanging on the wall. When encountering hard lumps, the cleaning scraper 50 can elastically retreat along the guide rod 501 to buffer the impact and avoid structural damage. Through the cooperation of the locking rod 5031 and the locking hole 6012, the position of the spring pretension plate 60 can be adjusted, and the pretension force of the third spring 70 can be flexibly changed to adapt to the wall contact requirements of the cleaning scraper 50 with different wear levels, ensuring stable cleaning effect.

[0045] During equipment maintenance, pulling the lifting rod 202 outward compresses the first spring 203, causing the end of the lifting rod 202 to disengage from the limiting hole 2051 of the limiting post 205, thereby releasing the locking of the top plate 20. With the help of the integrated force-bearing structure of the lifting rod 202, the reinforcing block 204, and the spring seat 2021, the top plate 20, together with the internal arch-breaking mechanism, can be pulled out from the feed cylinder 101, completing quick maintenance and component replacement. The maintenance baffle 90 in the transition zone of the extruder barrel 10 is positioned by the positioning rod 902 and the positioning hole 802. After disassembly, the accumulated material and carbonized impurities in the transition zone can be directly cleaned without disassembling the entire machine, greatly improving maintenance efficiency.

[0046] Unless otherwise specified, in this invention, terms such as "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship as shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe orientation or positional relationships in this invention are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] Unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "connected," and "linked" in this invention should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An extrusion device for processing and molding wood-plastic composite boards, characterized in that: Includes an extruder barrel (10), a segmented cast aluminum heater is sleeved on the outside of the extruder barrel (10), a feed cylinder (101) is provided at the feed end of the extruder barrel (10), a top plate (20) is detachably provided on the feed cylinder (101), and a geared motor (206) is mounted at the top center of the top of the top plate (20). The feed cylinder (101) is equipped with an anti-bridging and arch-breaking mechanism. The anti-bridging and arch-breaking mechanism includes an arch-breaking shaft (30) that is vertically rotatably installed and an arch-breaking arm (301) that is fixedly installed on the side wall of the arch-breaking shaft (30). The upper end of the arch-breaking shaft (30) is connected to the output end of the reduction motor (206). A hollow cavity (3011) is opened inside the arch-breaking arm (3011). Several arch-breaking blocks (302) are fixed inside the hollow cavity (3011) along the length direction of the arch-breaking arm (301). The end of the arch-breaking arm (301) away from the arch-breaking shaft (30) is equipped with a cleaning scraper (50) that can fit against the inner wall of the feed cylinder (101), and an elastic element is provided between the cleaning scraper (50) and the end of the arch-breaking shaft (30).

2. The extrusion apparatus for processing and molding wood-plastic composite boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the feed cylinder (101) is fixed with a receiving plate (102), and the top plate (20) is fixed with assembly plates (201) on both sides. The assembly plates (201) are assembled on the upper surface of the receiving plate (102).

3. The extrusion apparatus for processing and molding wood-plastic composite boards according to claim 2, characterized in that: The assembly plate (201) has limiting posts (205) fixed on both sides of its bottom, which penetrate the receiving plate (102). A lifting rod (202) is slidably connected to the assembly plate (201). The limiting post (205) has a limiting hole (2051) that matches the lifting rod (202). The end of the lifting rod (202) can be inserted into the limiting hole (2051) to fix the assembly plate (201).

4. The extrusion apparatus for processing and molding wood-plastic composite boards according to claim 3, characterized in that: A spring seat (2021) is fixed on the lifting rod (202) inside the assembly plate (201). A first spring (203) abuts between the spring seat (2021) and the side wall of the assembly plate (201), and the first spring (203) is sleeved around the lifting rod (202).

5. The extrusion apparatus for processing and molding wood-plastic composite boards according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper surface of the spring seat (2021) is fixedly connected to the reinforcing block (204), and the mounting plate (201) has a through groove through which the reinforcing block (204) passes. After the reinforcing block (204) passes through the through groove, it is laterally fixedly connected to the lifting rod (202).

6. The extrusion apparatus for processing and molding wood-plastic composite boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arch-breaking arm (301) is provided with several arms along the length of the arch-breaking shaft (30), and the arch-breaking arms (301) in the vertical direction are staggered. The bottom of the arch-breaking shaft (30) is fixed with an arch-breaking plate (303). The arch-breaking block (302) includes two arch-breaking protrusions (3021) arranged in the same direction along the length of the arch-breaking arm (301). Between the two arch-breaking protrusions (3021), there are several spaced arch-breaking protrusions (3022) arranged in the same direction as the arch-breaking protrusions (3021). The arch-breaking block (302) is also provided with a transverse arch-breaking protrusion (3023) that crosses the arch-breaking protrusions (3021) and the spaced arch-breaking protrusions (3022) and connects all the protrusions into one. The arch-breaking block (302) has an inverted trapezoidal guide groove (3024) that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

7. The extrusion apparatus for processing and molding wood-plastic composite boards according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end of the arch-breaking arm (301) away from the arch-breaking shaft (30) is fixed with a connecting plate (40). The cleaning scraper (50) is mounted on the connecting plate (40). The four corners of the cleaning scraper (50) facing the connecting plate (40) are fixed with guide rods (501), and the guide rods (501) pass through the connecting plate (40). The guide rods (501) extend out of the connecting plate (40) and are threaded to a limit block (5011).

8. The extrusion apparatus for processing and molding wood-plastic composite boards according to claim 7, characterized in that: The elastic element is a third spring (70) sleeved around the guide rod (501). A spring preload plate (60) is also slidably connected to the guide rod (501), and the third spring (70) abuts between the spring preload plate (60) and the connecting plate (40).

9. The extrusion apparatus for processing and molding wood-plastic composite boards according to claim 8, characterized in that: A locking block (601) is fixed on the side of the spring preload plate (60) facing the cleaning scraper (50). Two locking plates (6011) are fixed on the locking block (601). The cleaning scraper (50) has a groove (502) for sliding the locking plate (6011). A locking chamber (503) is fixed on the side of the cleaning scraper (50) facing the spring preload plate (60). A partition is provided in the locking chamber (503). Two locking rods (5031) are symmetrically slidably connected to the locking chamber (503) about the partition. A second spring (5032) abuts between the locking rod (5031) and the partition. A plurality of locking holes (6012) are provided on the locking plate (6011) that are adapted to the locking rod (5031).

10. The extrusion apparatus for processing and molding wood-plastic composite boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extruder barrel (10) is provided with a transition zone inspection port (80), a receiving platform (801) is fixed inside the transition zone inspection port (80), a maintenance baffle (90) is mounted on the receiving platform (801), an adapter block (901) is fixed at the bottom of the maintenance baffle (90), a positioning hole (802) is provided at the corner of the receiving platform (801), and a positioning rod (902) that matches the positioning hole (802) is fixed at the bottom corner of the maintenance baffle (90).

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