High-anti-cracking self-repairing fly ash geopolymer fireproof coating, and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a high-anti-crack self-repairing fly ash geopolymer fireproof coating and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fireproof materials, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: geopolymer powder 70-80 parts, active expansion component 3-6 parts, high-temperature self-repairing component 2-5 parts, heat insulation filler 10-25 parts, rheological modifier 1-2 parts and water 45 parts. The application selects fly ash geopolymer as the matrix of the fireproof coating, the fly ash geopolymer has excellent fireproof performance, meanwhile, the microcrystalline toughening effect of superfine fly ash is used, the use of fibers can be avoided, the adverse influence of the fibers on the interfacial adhesion is avoided, the green low-carbonization and long service life of the steel structure fireproof protective coating can be realized, and the sustainable development of industrial solid waste resource utilization and building fireproof materials is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fireproof coating technology, and particularly relates to a high crack-resistant, self-healing fly ash geopolymer fireproof coating, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Developing high-performance, environmentally friendly fire-retardant coatings is crucial for ensuring building fire safety. However, traditional organic fire-retardant coatings, primarily composed of halogen- or phosphorus-nitrogen-based flame retardants, are convenient to apply but prone to decomposition at high temperatures, releasing large amounts of toxic fumes, and their fire resistance limit is generally less than 2 hours. Cement-based inorganic coatings, while non-toxic and environmentally friendly, suffer from inherent defects such as high-temperature cracking and poor thermal stability. Fly ash-based polymers, as a novel inorganic cementitious material, use industrial solid waste fly ash as the main raw material. Under the action of an alkaline activator, they form a three-dimensional aluminosilicate network structure, exhibiting excellent high-temperature resistance: their porous structure effectively releases vapor pressure to suppress cracking and transforms into stable crystalline phases such as nepheline and leucite at high temperatures, maintaining structural integrity even above 1000℃, thus possessing the dual advantages of being both environmentally friendly and having excellent fire resistance.

[0003] Currently, polymer fire-retardant coatings based on fly ash still face key technical bottlenecks in practical applications, with shrinkage cracking driven by high-temperature phase transformation being particularly prominent. More specifically, polymer fire-retardant coatings based on fly ash undergo multi-stage crystal phase transformations within the temperature range of 200-1200℃, with a total shrinkage rate reaching 6-14%. Under the constraint of the substrate, this easily leads to penetrating microcracks, severely restricting their engineering applications and long-term service life. Existing technologies often employ passive crack-inhibiting methods such as incorporating steel fibers and PVA fibers to improve crack resistance. However, the interfacial bonding between the fibers and the polymer matrix is ​​weak, making them prone to oxidation and failure at high temperatures. The pore channels left after the fibers melt also lead to a decrease in the strength of the coating itself, making it difficult to fundamentally eliminate the structural defects caused by shrinkage.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide an effective method for actively inhibiting the shrinkage and cracking of polymer fire-retardant coatings based on fly ash is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes a high-crack-resistant, self-healing fly ash polymer fireproof coating.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A high-crack-resistant, self-healing fly ash polymer fire-retardant coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: The mixture consists of 70-80 parts of geopolymer powder, 3-6 parts of active expansion component, 2-5 parts of high-temperature self-healing component, 10-25 parts of thermal insulation filler, 1-2 parts of rheology modifier, and 45 parts of water.

[0007] Preferably, the geopolymer powder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 49-56 parts of Grade I fly ash, 10.5-12 parts of ultrafine fly ash, and 10.5-12 parts of sodium hydroxide.

[0008] Preferably, the specific surface area of ​​the ultrafine fly ash is not less than 1000 m². 2 / kg.

[0009] Preferably, the active expansion component comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: Nano ZrO2 0.9-1.8 parts and kyanite 2.1-4.2 parts.

[0010] Preferably, the average particle size of the nano-ZrO2 is 20-100 nm.

[0011] Preferably, the high-temperature self-healing component comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: Borax 1-2.5 parts and sodium hexametaphosphate 1-2.5 parts.

[0012] Preferably, the heat-insulating filler is hollow glass microspheres.

[0013] Preferably, the rheology modifier comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5-1 part water-reducing agent, 0.45-0.9 parts redispersible latex powder and 0.05-0.1 parts cellulose ether.

[0014] Beneficial Effects: This invention is based on a crack-resistant mechanism achieved through the synergistic effect of active shrinkage offsetting and high-temperature self-healing. Firstly, it introduces a composite expansion component to achieve synergistic volume control over a wide temperature range: Nano-ZrO2 undergoes a martensitic phase transformation at 600-1200℃, resulting in controllable volume expansion (>3%), actively offsetting phase transformation shrinkage; Kyanite undergoes mullite formation at 1100-1480℃ accompanied by 16-18% volume expansion, compensating for high-temperature sintering shrinkage; the expansion temperature ranges of the two components complement each other, jointly achieving volume stability within a wide temperature range of 600℃-1400℃. Simultaneously, this invention synergistically utilizes the high-temperature self-healing function of a borax-sodium hexametaphosphate composite system, which reacts at 450-600℃ to generate a low-melting-point eutectic phase. This liquid phase has low viscosity and can penetrate and fill along microcracks, solidifying upon cooling to form a glassy bridging structure. The above raw materials work synergistically to obtain the high crack resistance and self-healing fly ash polymer fireproof coating of the present invention, which can solve the technical problems of high temperature shrinkage cracking and inability to self-repair after damage of existing fly ash polymer fireproof coatings.

[0015] A method for preparing a high crack-resistant, self-healing fly ash geopolymer fire-retardant coating includes the following steps: The raw materials are mixed evenly to obtain the high crack resistance and self-healing fly ash polymer fireproof coating.

[0016] More preferably, the method includes the following steps: (1) Dissolve the sodium hydroxide in water to obtain an alkaline activator; add the nano ZrO2, water-reducing agent, redispersible latex powder and cellulose ether to the alkaline activator in sequence, and disperse them evenly by ultrasonication to obtain a liquid mixture.

[0017] (2) Mix the first-grade fly ash, kyanite, borax and sodium hexametaphosphate evenly to obtain a dry powder mixture. Slowly add the dry powder mixture to the liquid mixture obtained in step (1) and disperse it evenly at high speed to obtain a high crack-resistant self-healing fly ash geopolymer fireproof coating.

[0018] Application of a high crack-resistant, self-healing fly ash polymer fireproof coating in fire protection of building materials.

[0019] A high crack-resistant, self-healing fly ash polymer fireproof coating is prepared by coating and curing the above-mentioned high crack-resistant, self-healing fly ash polymer fireproof coating.

[0020] Preferably, the building material is metal or concrete.

[0021] More preferably, during on-site construction, the high crack-resistant self-healing fly ash polymer fireproof coating is applied in layers using process parameters of 0.4 MPa pressure and 200 mm spray distance, with each layer controlled to a thickness of 3 mm. Standard curing is then performed after the coating is completed.

[0022] More preferably, the standard curing temperature is (23±2)℃, the humidity is 90%±5%, and the time is 28 days.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: This invention selects fly ash geopolymer as the matrix for fire-retardant coatings, which possesses excellent fire-retardant properties. Furthermore, this invention utilizes the microcrystalline toughening effect of ultrafine fly ash, eliminating the need for fibers and avoiding their adverse effects on interfacial adhesion. Secondly, this invention combines the self-expansion effect of nano-ZrO2 / kyanite to counteract shrinkage, and the high-temperature self-healing function of the borax-sodium hexametaphosphate composite system, forming a synergistic crack-resistant mechanism to prepare a highly crack-resistant, self-healing fly ash geopolymer fire-retardant coating. This is expected to achieve green, low-carbon, and long-life fire-resistant protective coatings for steel structures, promoting the resource utilization of industrial solid waste and the sustainable development of building fire-resistant materials. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0026] This invention provides a high-crack-resistant, self-healing fly ash polymer fire-retardant coating, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: The mixture consists of 70-80 parts of geopolymer powder, 3-6 parts of active expansion component, 2-5 parts of high-temperature self-healing component, 10-25 parts of thermal insulation filler, 1-2 parts of rheology modifier, and 45 parts of water.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the geopolymer powder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 49-56 parts of Grade I fly ash, 10.5-12 parts of ultrafine fly ash, and 10.5-12 parts of sodium hydroxide.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the active expansion component comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: Nano ZrO2 0.9-1.8 parts, kyanite 2.1-4.2 parts.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the average particle size of the nano-ZrO2 is 20-100 nm.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the high-temperature self-healing component comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: Borax 1-2.5 parts and sodium hexametaphosphate 1-2.5 parts.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the heat-insulating filler is hollow glass microspheres.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the rheology modifier comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5-1 part water-reducing agent, 0.45-0.9 parts redispersible latex powder and 0.05-0.1 parts cellulose ether.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the specific surface area of ​​the ultrafine fly ash is not less than 1000 m². 2 / kg.

[0034] This invention also provides a method for preparing a high-crack-resistant, self-healing fly ash geopolymer fire-retardant coating, comprising the following steps: The raw materials are mixed evenly to obtain the high crack resistance and self-healing fly ash polymer fireproof coating.

[0035] In a more preferred embodiment, the specific steps include: (1) Dissolve the sodium hydroxide in water to obtain an alkaline activator; add the nano ZrO2, water-reducing agent, redispersible latex powder and cellulose ether to the alkaline activator in sequence, and disperse them evenly by ultrasonication to obtain a liquid mixture.

[0036] (2) Mix the first-grade fly ash, kyanite, borax and sodium hexametaphosphate evenly to obtain a dry powder mixture. Slowly add the dry powder mixture to the liquid mixture obtained in step (1) and disperse it evenly at high speed to obtain a high crack-resistant self-healing fly ash geopolymer fireproof coating.

[0037] This invention also provides an application of a high-crack-resistant, self-healing fly ash geopolymer fire-retardant coating in fire protection of building materials.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the building material is metal or concrete.

[0039] In a more preferred embodiment, during on-site construction, the high crack-resistant self-healing fly ash polymer fireproof coating is applied in layers using process parameters of 0.4 MPa pressure and 200 mm spray distance, with each layer controlled to a thickness of 3 mm. Standard curing is then performed after the coating is completed.

[0040] In a more preferred embodiment, the standard curing temperature is (23±2)℃, the humidity is 90%±5%, and the time is 28 days.

[0041] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used in the embodiments of this invention were purchased through commercial channels; The primary fly ash is supplied by a coal-fired power plant, and the ultrafine fly ash has a specific surface area of ​​1200 m². 2 / kg, chemical composition is shown in the table below: Sodium hydroxide is commercially available industrial caustic soda flakes with a solid mass fraction greater than 96 wt.%. The hollow glass microspheres have a particle size D50 of 40 μm and a compressive strength of 26 MPa. Nano ZrO2 is a white powder with an average particle size of 40-60 nm, and its main crystal form is tetragonal. Kyanite is a bluish-gray powder with a chemical composition mainly consisting of Al2O3 (58%) and SiO2 (34%), and a particle size of 200 mesh (D50≈75μm). Borax is of analytical grade, with a purity of ≥99%; Sodium hexametaphosphate: Main content (based on P2O5) 70%; The water-reducing agent is the commercially available polycarboxylate water-reducing agent Point-TS8; The redispersible latex powder is Wacker Chemie VINNAPAS® 5010N; The viscosity of cellulose ether is 20000 mPa·s; Unless otherwise specified, room temperature or normal temperature in the embodiments of the present invention refers to 25±3℃.

[0042] Example 1 A high-crack-resistant, self-healing fly ash polymer fire-retardant coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: Geopolymer powder (49 parts of primary fly ash, 10.5 parts of ultrafine fly ash and 10.5 parts of sodium hydroxide) 70 parts, active expansion component (0.9 parts of nano ZrO2 and 2.1 parts of kyanite) 3 parts, high-temperature self-healing component (2.5 parts of borax and 2.5 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate) 5 parts, heat insulation filler (hollow glass microspheres) 23 parts, rheology modifier (1 part of water reducing agent, 0.9 parts of redispersible latex powder and 0.1 parts of cellulose ether) 2 parts, tap water 45 parts.

[0043] A method for preparing a high crack-resistant, self-healing fly ash polymer fireproof coating includes the following steps: (1) Sodium hydroxide was dissolved in water and left to stand for 24 hours to obtain an alkaline activator; nano ZrO2, water-reducing agent, redispersible latex powder and cellulose ether were added to the alkaline activator in sequence and dispersed evenly by ultrasonication to obtain a liquid mixture.

[0044] (2) Mix the first-grade fly ash, kyanite, borax and sodium hexametaphosphate evenly to obtain a dry powder mixture. Slowly add the dry powder mixture to the liquid mixture obtained in step (1) and disperse it at high speed at 1200 rpm for 15 minutes to obtain a high crack-resistant self-healing fly ash geopolymer fireproof coating slurry.

[0045] (3) During on-site construction, the high crack resistance self-healing fly ash polymer fireproof coating slurry obtained in step (2) is applied in layers with a pressure of 0.4 MPa and a spray distance of 200 mm. The thickness of each layer is controlled at 3 mm. After the spraying is completed, standard curing is carried out. The standard curing temperature is (23±2)℃, the humidity is 90%±5%, and the time is 28 days.

[0046] Example 2 A high-crack-resistant, self-healing fly ash polymer fire-retardant coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: Geopolymer powder (52.5 parts of primary fly ash, 11.25 parts of ultrafine fly ash and 11.25 parts of sodium hydroxide) 75 parts, active expansion component (1.5 parts of nano ZrO2 and 3.5 parts of kyanite) 5 parts, high-temperature self-healing component (2 parts of borax and 2 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate) 4 parts, heat insulation filler (hollow glass microspheres) 14.5 parts, rheology modifier (0.75 parts of water-reducing agent, 0.675 parts of redispersible latex powder and 0.075 parts of cellulose ether) 1.5 parts, tap water 45 parts.

[0047] A method for preparing a high crack-resistant, self-healing fly ash geopolymer fireproof coating uses the raw materials described in this embodiment, and the remaining process steps and parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0048] Example 3 A high-crack-resistant, self-healing fly ash polymer fire-retardant coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: Geopolymer powder (56 parts of primary fly ash, 12 parts of ultrafine fly ash and 12 parts of sodium hydroxide) 80 parts, active expansion component (1.8 parts of nano ZrO2 and 4.2 parts of kyanite) 6 parts, high temperature self-healing component (1 part of borax and 1 part of sodium hexametaphosphate) 2 parts, heat insulation filler (hollow glass microspheres) 11 parts, rheology modifier (0.5 parts of water reducing agent, 0.45 parts of redispersible latex powder and 0.05 parts of cellulose ether) 1 part, tap water 45 parts.

[0049] A method for preparing a high crack-resistant, self-healing fly ash geopolymer fireproof coating uses the raw materials described in this embodiment, and the remaining process steps and parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0050] Comparative Example 1 The only difference from Example 1 is that it does not include the actively expanding component, i.e., it includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: Geopolymer powder (49 parts of Grade I fly ash, 10.5 parts of ultrafine fly ash and 10.5 parts of sodium hydroxide) 70 parts, high-temperature self-healing component (2.5 parts of borax and 2.5 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate) 5 parts, heat insulation filler (hollow glass microspheres) 23 parts, rheology modifier (1 part of water-reducing agent, 0.9 parts of redispersible latex powder and 0.1 parts of cellulose ether) 2 parts, tap water 45 parts.

[0051] A method for preparing a fire-retardant coating, using the raw materials described above in this comparative example, with the remaining process steps and parameters being the same as in Example 1.

[0052] Comparative Example 2 The only difference from Example 1 is that it does not include the high-temperature self-healing component, and instead includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: Geopolymer powder (49 parts of primary fly ash, 10.5 parts of ultrafine fly ash and 10.5 parts of sodium hydroxide) 70 parts, active expansion component (0.9 parts of nano ZrO2 and 2.1 parts of kyanite) 3 parts, heat insulation filler (hollow glass microspheres) 23 parts, rheology modifier (1 part of water reducing agent, 0.9 parts of redispersible latex powder and 0.1 parts of cellulose ether) 2 parts, tap water 45 parts.

[0053] A method for preparing a fire-retardant coating, using the raw materials described above in this comparative example, with the remaining process steps and parameters being the same as in Example 1.

[0054] Comparative Example 3 The only difference from Example 1 is that the nano-ZrO2 in the actively expanded component is replaced with an equal mass of kyanite, i.e., the raw material includes the following parts by weight: Geopolymer powder (49 parts of primary fly ash, 10.5 parts of ultrafine fly ash and 10.5 parts of sodium hydroxide) 70 parts, active expansion component (kyanite) 3 parts, high temperature self-healing component (2.5 parts of borax and 2.5 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate) 5 parts, heat insulation filler (hollow glass microspheres) 23 parts, rheology modifier (1 part of water reducing agent, 0.9 parts of redispersible latex powder and 0.1 parts of cellulose ether) 2 parts, tap water 45 parts.

[0055] A method for preparing a fire-retardant coating, using the raw materials described above in this comparative example, with the remaining process steps and parameters being the same as in Example 1.

[0056] Comparative Example 4 The only difference from Example 1 is that the kyanite in the actively expanded component is replaced with an equal mass of nano-ZrO2, which includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: Geopolymer powder (49 parts of primary fly ash, 10.5 parts of ultrafine fly ash and 10.5 parts of sodium hydroxide) 70 parts, active expansion component (nano ZrO2) 3 parts, high temperature self-healing component (2.5 parts of borax and 2.5 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate) 5 parts, heat insulation filler (hollow glass microspheres) 23 parts, rheology modifier (1 part of water reducing agent, 0.9 parts of redispersible latex powder and 0.1 parts of cellulose ether) 2 parts, tap water 45 parts.

[0057] A method for preparing a fire-retardant coating, using the raw materials described above in this comparative example, with the remaining process steps and parameters being the same as in Example 1.

[0058] Technical effects: The fire-retardant coatings obtained in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were subjected to performance testing, and the testing methods are as follows: (1) Compressive strength test: A cubic specimen of 70.7 mm × 70.7 mm × 70.7 mm was prepared and cured at (23±2)℃ and (50±5)%RH for 28 days. Then it was placed in an oven at (60±5)℃ for 48 h to dry. After being transferred to a desiccator and cooled to room temperature, its compressive strength was tested.

[0059] (2) Bond strength test: According to the pull-out method in GB 14907-2018, Q235B steel plate is used as the substrate, the coating is prepared according to the product requirements and cured for 28 days according to standard; a 40 mm × 40 mm square pull-out head is used to bond with epoxy resin and cure for 3 days. The coating is cut vertically along the edge of the pull-out head to the substrate interface; the coating is stretched vertically at a uniform speed of 1800 N / min, the failure load is recorded, and the coating bond strength is calculated according to the standard formula.

[0060] (3) Fire resistance limit test: The specimen was installed in a standard fire resistance test furnace and heated for 2.0 hours according to the ISO 834 heating curve. The average temperature rise of the unexposed surface was then measured.

[0061] (4) High-temperature shrinkage test: Following the steps of the compressive strength test in Part (1), a specimen with dimensions of 150 mm × 40 mm × 10 mm was prepared and cured at (23±2)℃ and (50±5)% RH for 28 days. The initial length was then measured. L 0); The specimen was placed in a high-temperature furnace and heated to 1000 ℃ according to the ISO 834 standard heating curve and held at that temperature for 2 h. It was then cooled to room temperature with the furnace, and the length after cooling was measured. L 1) Calculate the high-temperature shrinkage rate using the following formula.

[0062] S =( L 0- L 1) / L 0×100%; (5) High temperature repair efficiency test: Standard microcracks were prepared on the surface of a fully cured fire retardant coating specimen with a thickness of 3 mm. The specimen was heated to 1000 ℃ in a muffle furnace according to the ISO 834 standard heating curve and held for 2 h. After the specimen cooled to room temperature in the furnace, the residual crack area was observed and measured by optical microscope. The crack area was compared with the initial crack area, and the degree of crack healing under high temperature was calculated according to the following formula.

[0063] or =( w 0- w t ) / w 0×100%; in, w 0: Initial crack areaw t : Residual area after repair.

[0064] The results are shown in Table 1: Table 1 Performance test results of fire-retardant coatings It can be seen that the high crack-resistant, self-healing fly ash geopolymer fireproof coatings obtained in Examples 1-3 of this invention possess excellent compressive strength and adhesive strength. When used for fire protection of steel substrates, they can significantly delay the temperature rise of the unexposed surface. Under rapid temperature rise and high-temperature conditions, the coating exhibits low shrinkage and high crack healing rate, effectively maintaining the integrity of the coating structure and extending the fire resistance limit of the steel structure in a fire. In contrast, the fireproof coating prepared in Comparative Example 1 shows a significantly increased high-temperature shrinkage rate, increasing the risk of cracking, and also exhibits a reduced crack healing rate. The fireproof coating prepared in Comparative Example 2 shows a significantly reduced crack healing rate and a slightly increased high-temperature shrinkage rate, with overall crack resistance performance inferior to the examples. This indicates that this invention, through reasonable component design and structural control, effectively improves the structural stability and self-healing ability of the coating under high-temperature environments, providing a reliable guarantee for its application in fire protection of steel structures.

[0065] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-crack-resistant, self-healing fly ash polymer fire-retardant coating, characterized in that, The ingredients include the following parts by weight: The mixture consists of 70-80 parts of geopolymer powder, 3-6 parts of active expansion component, 2-5 parts of high-temperature self-healing component, 10-25 parts of thermal insulation filler, 1-2 parts of rheology modifier, and 45 parts of water.

2. The high crack-resistant, self-healing fly ash geopolymer fireproof coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The geopolymer powder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 49-56 parts of Grade I fly ash, 10.5-12 parts of ultrafine fly ash, and 10.5-12 parts of sodium hydroxide.

3. The high crack-resistant self-healing fly ash polymer fireproof coating according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific surface area of the ultra-fine fly ash is not less than 1000 m 2 / kg.

4. The high crack-resistant self-healing fly ash geopolymer fireproof coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active expansion component comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: Nano ZrO2 0.9-1.8 parts and kyanite 2.1-4.2 parts.

5. The high crack-resistant self-healing fly ash polymer fireproof coating according to claim 4, characterized in that, The average particle size of the nano-ZrO2 is 20-100 nm.

6. The high crack-resistant, self-healing fly ash geopolymer fireproof coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-temperature self-healing component comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: Borax 1-2.5 parts and sodium hexametaphosphate 1-2.5 parts.

7. The high crack-resistant self-healing fly ash geopolymer fireproof coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat-insulating filler is hollow glass microspheres.

8. The high crack-resistant self-healing fly ash polymer fireproof coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rheology modifier comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5-1 part water-reducing agent, 0.45-0.9 parts redispersible latex powder and 0.05-0.1 parts cellulose ether.

9. A method for preparing a high crack-resistant, self-healing fly ash geopolymer fire-retardant coating as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The raw materials are mixed evenly to obtain the high crack resistance and self-healing fly ash polymer fireproof coating.

10. A high-crack-resistant, self-healing fly ash polymer fireproof coating, characterized in that, It is prepared by coating and curing a high crack-resistant self-healing fly ash geopolymer fireproof coating as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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