Point fixing device for surveying and mapping

Abstract

The point fixing device comprises a bottom plate and a tripod at the bottom, a middle shaft is vertically arranged at the upper end of the bottom plate, a bearing is rotationally sleeved outside the middle shaft, a rotating drum is rotationally sleeved outside the bearing, an adjusting bolt is arranged on the side wall of the rotating drum in a threaded connection and penetrating mode, and a braking vane is arranged in a crack between the middle shaft and the rotating drum. A horizontal compass is arranged at the top of the middle shaft, a mounting seat is arranged on the side wall of the rotating drum, an outer pipe is detachably and fixedly mounted on the mounting seat and is perpendicular to the middle shaft, an inner rod is slidably inserted into the outer pipe and is perpendicular to the middle shaft, and a marker post is vertically and fixedly arranged above the tail end of the inner rod; a locking structure used for fixing the inner rod is further arranged on the outer pipe, and a target rod is further vertically arranged on the top of the installation base and located on the periphery of the horizontal compass. The device can effectively solve the problem that the marker post is shielded by a shielding object when a reference point is set on a fall land, and can accurately reproduce the position of the marker post during re-measurement, so that the surveying and mapping precision and efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of surveying equipment, in particular to a fixed-point device used for surveying and mapping. Background Art

[0002] When using a total station for surveying and mapping, it is necessary to set a basic point at one place. Setting the basic point is crucial for the use of the total station because it provides an accurate starting reference and coordinate benchmark for the measurement, helps to reduce errors and improve measurement accuracy, while ensuring that all measurement data is in a unified coordinate system, maintaining the continuity and comparability of the measurement, thereby improving the accuracy of the overall measurement.

[0003] For general use scenarios, the establishment of basic points can be completed by erecting a fixed wooden stake or pole on the ground. However, in some special scenarios and venues, simply erecting a pole cannot form an effective basic point. When basic points need to be established at high places with some drops, such as dams next to holes where pits need to be dug, when establishing basic points at these locations, trees or shrubs will block the basic points, making it impossible to observe the basic points. In this case, there are two ways to solve this problem. One is to increase the height of the pole so that it exceeds the obstruction upwards, and the other is to move the pole horizontally so that it exceeds the obstruction horizontally. However, when using the first method, the pole that is too high is difficult to erect stably and keep it vertical. When using the second method, the base point is next to the drop boundary and cannot be effectively moved horizontally. This results in surveyors having to spend time again to select points with poor measurement results for surveying and mapping, resulting in a decrease in surveying and mapping accuracy and efficiency.

[0004] In view of this, a vertex device for surveying and mapping is designed to effectively solve the situation occurring in the above-mentioned scenario, and can effectively solve the problem of the benchmark being blocked by obstructions when setting up benchmark points at drop locations. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a fixed-point device for surveying and mapping, so as to solve the problems described in the background technology, thereby improving the surveying and mapping accuracy and efficiency.

[0006] The technical solution of the utility model is achieved in this way:

[0007] A fixed-point device for surveying and mapping comprises a base plate and an adjustable horizontal tripod arranged at the bottom of the base plate, a central axis is vertically fixed on the upper end of the base plate, a bearing is rotatably sleeved outside the central axis, a rotating drum is rotatably sleeved outside the bearing, an adjusting bolt is threaded from outside to inside on the side wall of the rotating drum, a brake plate is provided in the gap between the central axis and the rotating drum, the end of the adjusting bolt is rotatably connected to the brake plate, a horizontal compass is also provided on the top of the central axis, a mounting seat is provided on the side wall of the rotating drum, an outer tube is detachably fixedly installed on the mounting seat, the outer tube is perpendicular to the central axis, an inner rod is slidably inserted in the outer tube, the inner rod is perpendicular to the central axis, a benchmark is vertically fixed above the end of the inner rod, a locking structure for fixing the inner rod is provided on the outer tube, a target rod is vertically provided on the top of the mounting seat, and the target rod is located at the periphery of the horizontal compass.

[0008] When using the above solution, set up a tripod at the basic point, and adjust the tripod to make the central axis stand vertically and directly above the basic point through the cooperation of the tripod and the horizontal compass on the top of the central axis, and record the height value between the base plate and the basic point. Then install the outer tube on the mounting seat, pull out the inner rod, record the length of the pulled inner rod, and then rotate the rotating drum to determine the azimuth value of the outer tube through the horizontal compass and the target rod. Finally, when the obstruction of the horizontal and horizontal pass of the benchmark at the end of the inner rod is exposed within the observation range of the total station, the normal surveying and mapping of the total station can be guaranteed. Then, the brake plate is pressed against the central axis by adjusting the bolt, so that the rotating drum and the central axis are locked with each other to prevent the rotating drum from rotating.

[0009] When re-surveying is required next time, the fixed-point device will be set up above the basic point. The center axis can be adjusted to the same height through the previously recorded height value between the base plate and the basic point. The horizontal compass and target rod can ensure that the rotating drum rotates to the same angle as the last survey. Finally, the length of the inner rod can be used to determine the amount of pulling out the inner rod, thereby achieving accurate reproduction of the basic point.

[0010] A further technical solution is that the bearing comprises a bottom bearing and a top bearing, the bottom bearing is arranged at the bottom of the rotating drum, and the top bearing is arranged at the top of the rotating drum.

[0011] When the above scheme is used, the stability of the rotation of the drum is improved by arranging double bearings, and the double bearings are arranged at the top and bottom of the drum respectively, thereby achieving a preliminary seal inside the drum to prevent debris from entering the drum.

[0012] A further technical solution is that the side wall of the brake plate facing the central axis is the inner wall of the brake plate, and the side wall of the brake plate away from the central axis is the outer wall of the brake plate. A sliding rod is also fixed on the outer wall of the brake plate, and the sliding rod is parallel to the adjusting bolt, and the sliding rod is slidably penetrated in the side wall of the rotating drum.

[0013] When the above solution is used, the sliding rod is provided so that the brake plate can be stably connected to the adjusting bolt and will not rotate around the central axis of the screw bolt at will.

[0014] A further technical solution is that the brake plate is an arc-shaped plate, an arc-shaped brake pad is provided on the inner side wall of the brake plate, and the side wall of the central axis opposite to the brake pad is also roughened to form a rough wall.

[0015] When the above solution is used, the locking effect between the brake plate and the central axis is better by providing the arc-shaped plate and the arc-shaped brake pad, as well as the rough wall on the central axis.

[0016] A further technical solution is that the locking structure includes a locking bolt threadedly penetrated through the tube wall of the outer tube, and the end of the locking bolt is connected to the inner side of the outer tube for tightening the inner rod.

[0017] When the above solution is used, by providing a locking bolt, when it is necessary to prevent the inner rod from sliding, the end of the locking bolt presses the inner rod, thereby achieving locking.

[0018] A further technical solution is that a slot is provided vertically downward at the top of the mounting seat, and an insertion rod is provided at the bottom of the end of the outer tube facing the rotating drum. The insertion rod is perpendicular to the outer tube, and the insertion rod is slid from top to bottom and inserted into the slot. A tightening bolt is also threaded from the outside to the inside on the side wall of the mounting seat away from the rotating drum, and the end of the tightening bolt is connected to the slot for tightening the insertion rod.

[0019] When the above solution is used, the outer tube can be quickly inserted into the mounting seat by providing the slot and the insertion rod, forming a quick disassembly structure, and the tightening bolt can prevent the insertion rod from falling out.

[0020] A further technical solution is that a second through slot is provided on the side wall of the outer tube, the second through slot is parallel to the inner rod, and a scale for measuring length is provided on the tube wall of the outer tube next to the second through slot.

[0021] When the above solution is used, by setting the second through slot and the scale, the extension length of the inner rod can be determined more intuitively and conveniently.

[0022] A further technical solution is that a first through slot connecting the slots is vertically opened on the side wall of the mounting seat away from the rotating drum, and the outer tube and the insertion rod are connected by a support rod to form a triangular structure, and the support rod is slidably connected in the first through slot.

[0023] When the above solution is used, the structure of the outer tube is made more stable by providing the first through groove and the support rod.

[0024] A further technical solution is that a screw handle is also provided on the bolt head of the adjusting bolt.

[0025] When the above solution is used, the adjusting bolt is easier to operate by providing the turning handle.

[0026] A further technical solution is that a top screw is also provided on the top of the central axis, a screw sleeve is screwed on the top screw, and the horizontal compass is fixed on the top of the screw sleeve.

[0027] When the above solution is used, the horizontal compass is easy to replace and disassemble by arranging the top screw rod and the screw sleeve.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0029] 1. Accurate reproducibility: By setting up a tripod at the basic point and using tools such as a horizontal compass and a target pole, the solution can accurately record and reproduce the height, azimuth and inner rod pull-out length of the surveying point, facilitating subsequent accurate surveying.

[0030] 2. Horizontal extensibility of the benchmark: The solution is to set up a rotatable drum, in conjunction with a retractable outer tube and inner rod, so that the benchmark on the inner rod can horizontally pass through the obstruction and be exposed within the observation range of the total station, thereby ensuring normal surveying and mapping of the total station.

[0031] 3. Drum stability: The double-bearing design improves the stability of the drum rotation and achieves a preliminary seal inside the drum, effectively preventing debris from entering, ensuring the accuracy of surveying and the durability of the equipment.

[0032] 4. Brake plate stability: By setting the slide bar, the brake plate can be stably connected to the adjustment bolt, preventing unnecessary rotation, enhancing the stability of the equipment and the accuracy of operation. The arc plate and arc brake pad design, plus the rough wall on the center axis, significantly enhance the locking effect between the brake plate and the center axis, ensuring stability during surveying and mapping.

[0033] 5. Inner rod locking function: The design of the locking bolt can lock the inner rod when needed to prevent it from sliding, further improving the stability of the equipment and the accuracy of surveying and mapping.

[0034] 6. Quick disassembly and assembly structure: The design of the slot and the plug-in rod allows the outer tube to be quickly inserted into the mounting base, improving the portability and efficiency of the equipment.

[0035] 7. Intuitive and convenient measurement: The setting of the second through slot and scale can determine the extension length of the inner rod more intuitively and conveniently, simplifying the operation process.

[0036] 8. Convenient maintenance of the horizontal compass: The design of the top screw and the screw sleeve simplifies the replacement and disassembly process of the horizontal compass, making it easier to maintain and upgrade the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1It is the overall schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0038] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view along line AA;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the rotational connection between the adjusting bolt and the brake plate;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the horizontal compass and the target rod of the utility model;

[0041] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Sectional view along line BB;

[0042] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the locking structure.

[0043] In the figure, 1, base plate, 2, tripod, 3, bottom bearing, 4, middle axis, 5, rotating drum, 6, rough wall, 7, brake plate, 8, handle, 9, top bearing, 10, top screw, 11, screw sleeve, 12, horizontal compass, 13, target rod, 14, mounting seat, 15, tightening bolt, 16, support rod, 17, outer tube, 18, inner rod, 19, benchmark, 20, locking bolt, 21, brake pad, 22, adjusting bolt, 23, sliding rod, 24, inserting rod, 25, slot, 26, first through slot, 27, second through slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are provided below, and the present invention is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0045] See also Figures 1 to 6 A fixed-point device for surveying and mapping comprises a circular base plate 1 and a tripod 2 which is arranged at the bottom of the base plate 1 and can be adjusted in level.

[0046] It should be noted that the tripod 2 with adjustable level is usually called a horizontal tripod 2 or an adjustable tripod 2. The tripod 2 is characterized by having adjustable supporting legs, which can adjust the height and stability according to different terrains or work requirements to ensure that the equipment or work surface is in a horizontal state. The tripod 2 is widely used in many fields such as photography, measurement, and construction to improve work efficiency and accuracy. Those skilled in the art can select any tripod 2 with an adjustable level function in the current prior art and apply it to the present device, so the structure of the tripod 2 will not be described in detail (the attached figure is a simple diagram, and the adjustable structure of the tripod 2 is not drawn).

[0047] A central axis 4 is vertically fixed at the center of the upper end of the bottom plate 1, a bearing is rotatably sleeved outside the central axis 4, and a rotating drum 5 is rotatably sleeved outside the bearing. Specifically, the bearing includes a bottom bearing 3 and a top bearing 9, the bottom bearing 3 is arranged at the bottom of the rotating drum 5, and the top bearing 9 is arranged at the top of the rotating drum 5.

[0048] An adjusting bolt 22 is also threaded from outside to inside on the side wall of the rotating drum 5. A brake plate 7 is also provided in the gap between the central shaft 4 and the rotating drum 5. The end of the adjusting bolt 22 is rotatably connected to the brake plate 7. The rotatable connection between the end of the adjusting bolt 22 and the brake plate 7 can be achieved by various technical means. Figure 3 The connection method in the figure is only a kind of rotation connection method that can be realized. Those skilled in the art can also use other technical means to realize the rotation connection. A screw handle 8 is also provided on the bolt head of the adjusting bolt 22.

[0049] Specifically, the side wall of the brake plate 7 facing the central axis 4 is the inner side wall of the brake plate 7, and the side wall of the brake plate 7 facing away from the central axis 4 is the outer side wall of the brake plate 7. A slide bar 23 is fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the brake plate 7. The slide bar 23 is parallel to the adjustment bolt 22, and the slide bar 23 is slidably arranged in the side wall of the rotating drum 5. The brake plate 7 is an arc-shaped plate, and an arc-shaped brake shoe 21 is arranged on the inner side wall of the brake plate 7. The brake shoe 21 is made of a rubber block, and the side wall of the central axis 4 opposite to the brake shoe 21 is also roughened to form a rough wall 6 in the shape of a grid protrusion.

[0050] A horizontal compass 12 is also provided on the top of the central axis 4 .

[0051] Specifically, a top screw 10 is further provided at the top of the central axis 4, a screw sleeve 11 is screwed onto the top screw 10, and a horizontal compass 12 is fixedly arranged on the top of the screw sleeve 11. The horizontal compass 12 is an integrated instrument of a level and a compass.

[0052] A mounting seat 14 is also provided on the side wall of the rotating drum 5, and an outer tube 17 with a rectangular cross-section is detachably fixedly installed on the mounting seat 14. The cross-section of the inner tube wall of the outer tube 17 is rectangular, and the outer tube 17 is perpendicular to the central axis 4. An inner rod 18 with a rectangular cross-section is slidably inserted in the outer tube 17. The inner rod 18 is perpendicular to the central axis 4, and a benchmark 19 is vertically fixed above the end of the inner rod 18. The outer tube 17 is also provided with a locking structure for fixing the inner rod 18. A target rod 13 is also vertically provided on the top of the mounting seat 14, and the target rod 13 is located on the periphery of the horizontal compass 12.

[0053] Specifically, the locking structure includes a locking bolt 20 threadedly connected and penetrated through the top wall of the outer tube 17 , and the end of the locking bolt 20 is connected to the top wall of the outer tube 17 for tightening the inner rod 18 .

[0054] Specifically, a slot 25 with a rectangular cross-section is vertically opened at the top of the mounting seat 14, and a plug rod 24 with a rectangular cross-section is also provided at the bottom of one end of the outer tube 17 facing the rotating drum 5. The plug rod 24 is perpendicular to the outer tube 17, and the plug rod 24 is inserted into the slot 25 by sliding from top to bottom. A tightening bolt 15 is also threaded from the outside to the inside on the side wall of the mounting seat 14 facing away from the rotating drum 5, and the end of the tightening bolt 15 is connected to the slot 25 for tightening the plug rod 24.

[0055] Preferably, a first through slot 26 communicating with the insertion slot 25 is vertically opened on the side wall of the mounting seat 14 facing away from the drum 5 , and the outer tube 17 and the insertion rod 24 are connected by a support rod 16 to form a triangular structure, and the support rod 16 is slidably connected in the first through slot 26 .

[0056] Preferably, a second through slot 27 is further provided on the side wall of the outer tube 17 , the second through slot 27 and the inner rod 18 are parallel to each other, and a scale for measuring length is further provided on the tube wall of the outer tube 17 next to the second through slot 27 .

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fixed-point device for surveying and mapping, comprising a base plate and a tripod arranged at the bottom of the base plate and having adjustable level, characterized in that: A central axis is vertically fixed to the upper end of the base plate, a bearing is rotatably sleeved outside the central axis, a rotating drum is rotatably sleeved outside the bearing, an adjusting bolt is threaded from the outside to the inside on the side wall of the rotating drum, a brake plate is provided in the gap between the central axis and the rotating drum, the end of the adjusting bolt is rotatably connected to the brake plate, a horizontal compass is also provided on the top of the central axis, a mounting seat is provided on the side wall of the rotating drum, an outer tube is detachably fixedly installed on the mounting seat, the outer tube is perpendicular to the central axis, an inner rod is slidably inserted in the outer tube, the inner rod is perpendicular to the central axis, a benchmark is vertically fixed above the end of the inner rod, a locking structure for fixing the inner rod is provided on the outer tube, a target rod is vertically provided on the top of the mounting seat, and the target rod is located at the periphery of the horizontal compass.

2. A fixed-point device for surveying and mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing comprises a bottom bearing and a top bearing, wherein the bottom bearing is arranged at the bottom of the rotating drum, and the top bearing is arranged at the top of the rotating drum.

3. A fixed-point device for surveying and mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the brake plate facing the central axis is the inner wall of the brake plate, and the side wall of the brake plate away from the central axis is the outer wall of the brake plate. A slide bar is fixed on the outer wall of the brake plate, and the slide bar is parallel to the adjusting bolt and slides through the side wall of the rotating drum.

4. A fixed-point device for surveying and mapping according to claim 3, characterized in that: The brake plate is an arc-shaped plate, and an arc-shaped brake pad is arranged on the inner side wall of the brake plate. The side wall of the central axis opposite to the brake pad is also roughened to form a rough wall.

5. A fixed-point device for surveying and mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking structure comprises a locking bolt which is threadedly connected and penetrates the tube wall of the outer tube, and the end of the locking bolt is connected to the inner part of the outer tube for tightening the inner rod.

6. A fixed-point device for surveying and mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slot is provided vertically downward at the top of the mounting seat, and an insertion rod is provided at the bottom of the end of the outer tube facing the rotating drum. The insertion rod is perpendicular to the outer tube, and the insertion rod is inserted into the slot by sliding from top to bottom. A tightening bolt is also threaded from the outside to the inside on the side wall of the mounting seat away from the rotating drum, and the end of the tightening bolt is connected to the slot for tightening the insertion rod.

7. A fixed-point device for surveying and mapping according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second through slot is also provided on the side wall of the outer tube, the second through slot is parallel to the inner rod, and a scale for measuring length is also provided on the tube wall of the outer tube beside the second through slot.

8. A fixed-point device for surveying and mapping according to claim 7, characterized in that: The side wall of the mounting seat facing away from the rotating drum is also vertically provided with a first through slot communicating with the slot. The outer tube and the insertion rod are also connected by a support rod to form a triangular structure. The support rod is slidably connected in the first through slot.

9. A fixed-point device for surveying and mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: A screw handle is also provided on the bolt head of the adjusting bolt.

10. A fixed-point device for surveying and mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: A top screw is also provided on the top of the central axis, a screw sleeve is screwed on the top screw, and the horizontal compass is fixed on the top of the screw sleeve.

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