Height keeping structure for header of harvester

Abstract

A harvester header height keeping structure comprises a header serving as a harvesting part of a harvester, a height adjusting device used for adjusting the height of the header above the ground, a control module used for driving the height adjusting device to adjust the height of the header above the ground in real time according to feedback information, and a horizontal measuring device used for monitoring the inclination degree of the harvester relative to the ground. The angle sensor is used for monitoring the inclination degree of the header relative to the harvester, and the control structure is used for inputting and modifying the preset header height. The height of the header is intelligently and automatically adjusted, so that the harvesting efficiency is improved, and the crop loss is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of harvester manufacturing, and particularly relates to a structure for maintaining the height of a harvester cutting table. Background Art

[0002] As a modern agricultural machine, a harvester is a key device for realizing efficient harvesting of crops, and is widely used in the harvesting operations of grains such as wheat, rice, corn, and specific cash crops. With the acceleration of the agricultural modernization process, harvesters not only greatly improve agricultural production efficiency, reduce the labor intensity of farmers, but also reduce grain losses through precise harvesting technology, ensuring food security. Its application fields cover from small-scale planting of individual farmers to large-scale operations of large farms, and it is an indispensable part of modern agriculture.

[0003] In the overall structure of a harvester, the cutting table plays a crucial role. It is located at the front end of the harvester and is responsible for cutting crops and feeding them into the subsequent conveying, threshing, and cleaning systems. The design of the cutting table is directly related to the harvesting efficiency, crop damage rate, and operation quality.

[0004] Many existing traditional harvesters rely on manual adjustment of the cutting table height, which not only depends on the operator's experience but also has low efficiency in areas where the crop height changes frequently; even if some modern harvesters are equipped with semi-automatic or preliminary automatic adjustment systems, these systems often have a slow response speed or limited adjustment accuracy in complex environments, and it is difficult to adapt to the change of crop height in real time. The automatic cutting table height control system may increase the machine energy consumption due to improper design or have poor stability during long-term operation, affecting the continuity and reliability of the entire harvesting process. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a structure for maintaining the height of a harvester cutting table, which can automatically adjust the cutting table to the optimal cutting position of the crop, reduce the ineffective stroke, speed up the harvesting speed, and avoid the wear of the cutting table.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the specific technical solution of a structure for maintaining the height of a harvester cutting table of the utility model is as follows:

[0007] A structure for maintaining the height of a harvester cutting table includes a cutting table as a harvesting component of the harvester, a height adjustment device for adjusting the height of the cutting table from the ground, a control module for driving the height adjustment device to adjust the height of the cutting table from the ground in real time according to the feedback information, a horizontal measurement device for monitoring the inclination degree of the harvester relative to the ground, an angle sensor for monitoring the inclination degree of the cutting table relative to the harvester, and a control structure for inputting and modifying the preset cutting table height;

[0008] The horizontal measurement device feeds back the tilt angle of the cutter bar to the control module in real time, and the angle sensor feeds back the tilt angle of the harvester to the control module in real time. The control module has a built-in algorithm that calculates the real-time ground clearance of the cutter bar based on the real-time feedback data from the horizontal measurement device and the angle sensor, and compares it with the preset cutter bar height. The ground clearance of the cutter bar is adjusted through the height adjustment device to ensure that the cutter bar maintains the optimal working height.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the ground clearance at the lower end of the cutter bar is H. The cutter bar is respectively adjusted to the lowest ground clearance point and the highest ground clearance point through the height adjustment device to obtain the maximum ground clearance H of the cutter bar max and the minimum ground clearance H of the cutter bar min , and at the same time, the AD value X of the sensing signal of the angle sensor is obtained. Corresponding to H max and H min , the values are X max and X min respectively. The tilt angle θ between the harvester and the ground is obtained through the horizontal measurement device. The distance from the rear end of the crawler in contact with the ground to the vertical projection of the front end of the cutter bar on the extension line of the crawler is L1, and the distance from the front end of the crawler in contact with the ground to the vertical projection of the front end of the cutter bar on the extension line of the crawler is L2. The control module adjusts the value of X to make the ground clearance H of the cutter bar approach the preset cutter bar height;

[0010] When θ≥0°, the control module maintains the ground clearance of the cutter bar according to the following formula:

[0011]

[0012] When θ<0°, the control module maintains the ground clearance of the cutter bar according to the following formula:

[0013]

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the horizontal measurement device is arranged parallel to the crawler movement direction of the harvester.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the height adjustment device extends an adjustment rod towards the cutter bar, and the ground clearance of the cutter bar is adjusted by driving the telescopic movement of the adjustment rod.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the height adjustment device is an oil cylinder structure, the adjustment rod is the piston rod of the oil cylinder structure, the control oil circuit of the oil cylinder structure is connected to the control module, and the control module drives the telescopic movement of the piston rod by controlling the on-off of the solenoid valve in the control oil circuit to adjust the ground clearance of the cutter bar.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the control module has an alarm function. When the ground clearance of the cutter bar exceeds the adjustable range of the control module, the control module sends a warning signal to the control structure.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the control module supports remote communication functions, receiving instructions from the control structure or uploading working status data through a wireless network, facilitating remote monitoring and system maintenance.

[0019] Beneficial effects:

[0020] The structure of the present utility model integrates components such as a control module, a horizontal measurement device, and an angle sensor, realizing intelligent real-time adjustment of the cutter bar height. Without frequent manual intervention, it significantly reduces the labor intensity of the operator and improves the operation efficiency.

[0021] By precisely controlling the ground clearance of the cutter bar, it ensures that it is always in the best position for crop harvesting, reduces crop losses, improves the cleanliness and integrity of crop harvesting, and thus enhances the overall quality and market value of agricultural products.

[0022] The structure of the present utility model can dynamically adjust the cutter bar height according to the real-time tilt angle between the harvester and the cutter bar. Even under uneven terrain conditions, it can maintain good operation performance, enhance the terrain adaptability and operation stability of the equipment, and reduce machine damage caused by improper operation.

[0023] Adopting precise algorithms and an efficient oil cylinder structure, it ensures the accuracy and response speed of cutter bar height adjustment. Compared with traditional manual adjustment methods, it reduces unnecessary energy consumption and meets the requirements of sustainable development of modern agriculture.

[0024] The integrated control structure supports the input and modification of preset cutter bar heights, with simple and intuitive operation. At the same time, the control module has a remote communication function, facilitating remote monitoring of the working status of the harvester, timely fault warning and system maintenance, and improving the management efficiency and service life of the equipment.

[0025] The alarm function of the control module can issue a warning in a timely manner when the cutter bar height exceeds the adjustment range, preventing potential operation risks, ensuring the safety of personnel and equipment, and reflecting the high attention to safety production.

[0026] In summary, the cutter bar height maintaining structure of the present utility model for a harvester effectively solves the limitations of traditional harvesters in height adjustment through a series of innovative designs, achieving high efficiency, high quality, and high adaptability in harvesting operations, and having important practical significance for promoting the process of agricultural mechanization and intelligentization. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the upward tilt of the header of a harvester, which is a height-keeping structure of the header of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the downward tilt of the header of a harvester, which is a height-keeping structure of the header of the present utility model;

[0029] Marking description in the figure: 10, harvester; 11, header; 12, crawler; 20, height adjustment device; 21, adjustment rod; 30, horizontal measurement device; 40, angle sensor. Specific implementation mode

[0030] In order to deepen the understanding of the present utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The embodiments are only used to explain the present utility model and do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0031] Embodiment example:

[0032] As Figure 1-2 shown, a height-keeping structure of the header of a harvester includes a header 11 provided at the front end of the harvester 10 for harvesting crops, a height adjustment device 20 for controlling the height of the header 11 from the ground, a horizontal measurement device 12 arranged in parallel with the crawler 12, an angle sensor 40 for monitoring the inclination degree of the header 11, a control module for driving the height adjustment device 20 to control the height of the header 11 from the ground according to the monitoring information of the horizontal measurement device 30 and the angle sensor 40, and a control structure communicated with the control module.

[0033] In this embodiment, the horizontal measurement device 30 is a spirit level, which is arranged on the top of the grain bin of the harvester, arranged in parallel with the crawler 12 of the harvester, realizes the monitoring of the inclination angle between the crawler 12 of the harvester and the ground, and feeds back the data to the control module in real time. The angle sensor 40 is arranged on the header 11, realizes the monitoring of the inclination angle of the header 11 relative to the harvester 10, and feeds back the AD value of the angle sensor signal to the control module in real time.

[0034] In this embodiment, the height adjustment device 20 is an oil cylinder structure, or it can be any driving structure that can make the adjusting rod 21 extend and retract according to the instructions of the control module. This oil cylinder structure is located at the lower part of the harvester body, and the piston rod extends from the side and is connected to the cutting table 11. The height of the cutting table 11 is controlled by the extension and retraction of the piston rod. When the actual height of the cutting table is lower than the preset cutting table height, the control module controls the rising solenoid valve in the control valve group of the oil cylinder structure to be energized. The large cavity of the oil cylinder is filled with oil, and the piston rod extends, causing the cutting table 11 to rise. During the rising process of the cutting table 11, the angle of the cutting table changes accordingly, causing the actual height of the cutting table to change. When the actual height of the cutting table is close to the preset cutting table height, the control module controls the rising solenoid valve to be de-energized. When the actual height of the cutting table is higher than the preset cutting table height, the control module controls the cutting table lowering solenoid valve in the control valve group of the oil cylinder structure to be energized. When this solenoid valve is energized, the oil in the large cavity of the oil cylinder flows out, and the piston rod retracts, causing the cutting table to lower. During the lowering process of the cutting table, the cutting table angle sensor changes accordingly, causing the actual height of the cutting table to change. When the actual height of the cutting table is close to the preset cutting table height, the control module controls the cutting table lowering solenoid valve to be de-energized. There is a certain allowable error between the cutting table height value at which the solenoid valve is energized or de-energized and the preset cutting table height.

[0035] The control module calculates the real-time ground clearance height of the cutting table 11 based on the real-time feedback data of the horizontal measurement device 30 and the angle sensor 40, compares it with the preset cutting table height, and adjusts the ground clearance height of the cutting table through the height adjustment device 20. Take the ground clearance height at the front end of the cutting table as H. The cutting table is respectively adjusted to the lowest ground clearance point and the highest ground clearance point through the height adjustment device to obtain the maximum ground clearance height H max at the front end of the cutting table and the minimum ground clearance height H min at the front end of the cutting table. At the same time, obtain the AD value X of the sensing signal of the angle sensor. The corresponding values of H max and H min are X max and X min respectively. Obtain the inclination angle θ between the harvester track and the ground through the horizontal measurement device. The distance from the rear end of the track in contact with the ground to the vertical projection of the front end of the cutting table on the extended line of the track is L1, and the distance from the front end of the track in contact with the ground to the vertical projection of the front end of the cutting table on the extended line of the track is L2. The control module adjusts the cutting table height through the height adjustment device (that is, adjusts the value of X) to make the ground clearance height H of the cutting table approach and be consistent with the preset cutting table height.

[0036] There is a one-to-one linear relationship between the ground clearance height of the cutting table and the AD value of the angle sensor. In this embodiment, the range of the AD value X of the sensing signal of the angle sensor is 500 mV to 4500 mV, and the corresponding monitoring angle range is -55° to 55°. The formula for the ground clearance height of the cutting table on a horizontal ground can be obtained:

[0037] h1 = k1 * X + b1 (1-1)

[0038] h1: The vertical distance from the lower end of the cutting table to the extended line of the crawler, k1: slope, b1: intercept.

[0039] Since the lowest state and the highest state are known, the following two equations can be obtained.

[0040] k1*X min +b1 = 0 (1-2)

[0041] k1*X max +b1 = H max (1-3)

[0042] It can be obtained that:

[0043]

[0044] Substitute (1-4) and (1-5) into formula (1-1) to obtain the formula for the height of the cutting table above the ground of the harvester on a horizontal ground:

[0045]

[0046] As Figure 1 shown, when the body of the harvester tilts upward so that the angle θ between the crawler and the ground ≥ 0°, the control module maintains the height of the cutting table above the ground according to the following formula:

[0047]

[0048] Substitute into formula (1-6) to obtain:

[0049]

[0050] As Figure 2 shown, when the body of the harvester tilts downward so that the angle θ between the crawler and the ground < 0°, the control module maintains the height of the cutting table above the ground according to the following formula:

[0051]

[0052] Substitute into formula (1-6) to obtain:

[0053]

[0054] In this embodiment, the control module and the control structure are arranged in the cab. The control structure is a touch screen structure, and the preset cutting table height can be input or adjusted manually. It is also possible to remotely operate the control structure outside the harvester to send control commands or upload working status data through the remote communication function of the control module to adapt to the operation and maintenance under the unmanned operating system. At the same time, when the height of the cutting table above the ground exceeds the adjustable range of the control module, an alarm message appears on the control structure.

[0055] It can be understood that the present utility model is described through some embodiments. Those skilled in the art know that, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model, various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments. Additionally, under the teaching of the present utility model, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the present utility model is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application belong to the scope protected by the present utility model.

Claims

1. A harvester header height maintaining structure, characterized in that: It includes a header as a harvesting component of the harvester, a height adjustment device for adjusting the height of the header from the ground, a control module for driving the height adjustment device to adjust the height of the header from the ground in real time according to feedback information, a level measuring device for monitoring the inclination of the harvester relative to the ground, an angle sensor for monitoring the inclination of the header relative to the harvester, and a control structure for inputting and modifying a preset header height; The horizontal measuring device feeds back the tilt angle of the cutting platform to the control module in real time, and the angle sensor feeds back the tilt angle of the harvester to the control module in real time. The control module has a built-in algorithm, which calculates the real-time ground height of the cutting platform based on the real-time feedback data from the horizontal measuring device and the angle sensor, and compares it with the preset cutting platform height. The ground height of the cutting platform is adjusted by the height adjustment device to ensure that the cutting platform is maintained at the optimal working height.

2. The harvester header height maintaining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the lower end of the header from the ground is H. The header is adjusted to the lowest point and the highest point from the ground by the height adjustment device to obtain the maximum height H of the header from the ground. max The minimum height of the header from the ground H min , and at the same time obtain the sensor signal AD value X of the angle sensor, corresponding to H max and H min The values ​​of are X max and X min , the inclination angle θ between the harvester and the ground is obtained by the horizontal measuring device, the distance from the rear end of the crawler touching the ground to the vertical projection of the front end of the header on the crawler extension line is L1, and the distance from the front end of the crawler touching the ground to the vertical projection of the front end of the header on the crawler extension line is L2, and the control module adjusts the value of X to make the height H of the header from the ground close to the preset header height; When θ≥0°, the control module maintains the height of the header from the ground according to the following formula: When θ<0°, the control module maintains the height of the header from the ground according to the following formula:

3. The harvester header height maintaining structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The horizontal measuring device is arranged parallel to the moving direction of the crawler track of the harvester.

4. The harvester header height maintaining structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The height adjustment device extends an adjustment rod toward the cutting platform, and the height of the cutting platform above the ground is adjusted by driving the adjustment rod to be extended and retracted.

5. The harvester header height maintaining structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The height adjustment device is a cylinder structure, the adjustment rod is the piston rod of the cylinder structure, the control oil circuit of the cylinder structure is connected to the control module, and the control module drives the extension and retraction of the piston rod by controlling the on and off power of the solenoid valve in the control oil circuit to adjust the height of the cutting platform from the ground.

6. The harvester header height maintaining structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control module has an alarm function. When the height of the header from the ground exceeds the adjustable range of the control module, the control module sends a warning signal to the control structure.

7. The harvester header height maintaining structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control module supports remote communication function, receives the control structure instructions or uploads working status data through a wireless network, which is convenient for remote monitoring and system maintenance.

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