Adjustable internal filtration dialysis device and dialysis system

Abstract

The utility model discloses an adjustable internal filtration dialysis appliance, which belongs to the technical field of blood purification, a dialysis shell is not an integral inner cavity any more and is provided with two independent cavities, namely a first dialysate chamber and a second dialysate chamber, the first dialysate chamber and the second dialysate chamber are identical in appearance and size, a first inlet pipe inputs dialysate into the first dialysate chamber, and a second inlet pipe inputs dialysate into the second dialysate chamber. The first inlet pipe inputs dialysate into the first dialysate chamber, the second inlet pipe inputs dialysate into the second dialysate chamber, the dialysate is discharged from the dialysate outlet pipe, the first inlet pipe and / or the second inlet pipe are / is provided with an elastic area, the first inlet pipe and the second inlet pipe are connected to the same liquid source, and the first inlet pipe or the second inlet pipe is extruded by a flow adjusting device to deform. The liquid inlet flow of the first dialysate chamber and the liquid inlet flow of the second dialysate chamber are adjusted, then the pressure drop in the two dialysate chambers is changed, the membrane inside and outside pressure difference of the hollow fiber membrane bundle is changed, the convection effect is enhanced along with the increase of the internal filtration flow, the fluid transmembrane transportation capacity is enhanced, and the capacity of removing middle and macromolecular toxins is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of blood purification, and further relates to an adjustable internal filtration dialysis device and a dialysis system. Background Art

[0002] During the hemodialysis treatment process, high-flux dialyzers can improve the clearance effect of medium and large molecular toxins (such as β2-microglobulin), so the research on high-flux dialyzers has received the attention of researchers. In the continuous in-depth research, it is found that the internal filtration flow can increase the convective effect between blood and dialysate and increase the clearance rate of medium and large molecular toxins. Based on the fact that the internal filtration phenomenon can significantly improve the clearance rate of medium and large molecular toxins, how to improve the internal filtration in the dialyzer has attracted much attention.

[0003] Increasing the average pore diameter of the hollow fiber membrane, increasing the effective length of the hollow fiber, increasing the inner diameter of the hollow fiber, and increasing the filling rate of the hollow fiber all have the ability to increase the internal filtration flow of the dialyzer, but there are problems such as poor safety, high cost, complex operation, and non-adjustability. During the clinical treatment process, even for the same patient, the toxin clearance requirements will vary each time dialysis is performed. When changing the dialyzer or changing the treatment conditions, the patient's tolerance level also needs to be considered. Therefore, it is of practical significance to design a high-flux dialyzer with safe, convenient, and adjustable internal filtration flow.

[0004] For those skilled in the art, how to adjust the internal filtration flow is a technical problem that needs to be solved currently. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The utility model provides an adjustable internal filtration dialysis device. The dialysis housing is provided with two independent chambers, and the flow rate of each chamber can be adjusted, enhancing the convective effect, strengthening the fluid transmembrane transport ability, and improving the clearance ability of medium and large molecular toxins. The specific scheme is as follows:

[0006] An adjustable internal filtration dialysis device includes a dialysis end cap, a dialysis housing, and a hollow fiber membrane bundle. The dialysis housing is provided with a dialysate inlet pipe and a dialysate outlet pipe for the circulation of dialysate;

[0007] The dialysis housing includes a first dialysate chamber and a second dialysate chamber with the same outer dimensions. The dialysate inlet pipe includes a first inlet pipe provided in the first dialysate chamber and a second inlet pipe provided in the second dialysate chamber;

[0008] The first inlet pipe and / or the second inlet pipe are provided with an elastic region. The first inlet pipe and the second inlet pipe are connected to the same liquid source, and the first inlet pipe and / or the second inlet pipe can be squeezed and deformed by a flow rate adjustment device to adjust the liquid inlet flow rate.

[0009] Optionally, the dialysis housing is a single housing, and a partition baffle is provided in the dialysis fluid chamber formed between the dialysis housing and the sealant at both ends of the hollow fiber membrane bundle. The partition baffle extends along the length direction of the dialysis housing and is used to divide the dialysis fluid chamber into the first dialysis fluid chamber and the second dialysis fluid chamber, and divide the dialysis fluid inlet pipe into the first inlet pipe and the second inlet pipe.

[0010] Optionally, the dialysis fluid outlet pipe is divided by the partition baffle into a first outlet pipe and a second outlet pipe;

[0011] Alternatively, the dialysis fluid outlet pipe is a cavity.

[0012] Optionally, the first dialysis fluid chamber and the second dialysis fluid chamber are respectively formed by two independent housings.

[0013] Optionally, the flow rate adjusting device includes a fixed frame, a sliding rod, and a stud. The fixed frame is fixed to the dialysis housing;

[0014] The stud is threadedly connected to the fixed frame, the end of the stud is rotatably connected to the sliding rod, and the sliding rod is slidably assembled in the fixed frame; the rotation of the stud relative to the fixed frame is used to move the sliding rod closer to or away from the dialysis fluid inlet pipe.

[0015] Optionally, the flow rate adjusting device includes a stepped frame and a support track. The stepped frame is fixed to the dialysis housing;

[0016] The stepped frame is provided with a plurality of stepped blocks, and the support track can be blocked and limited by the stepped blocks.

[0017] Optionally, the stepped surface of the stepped block is inclined to the length extension direction of the stepped frame at its position;

[0018] The support track includes a support beam, a connecting arm, and a limiting hook. Both ends of the support beam are respectively fixedly connected to the two connecting arms, the end of the connecting arm is fixed with the limiting hook, and a blocking block is provided at the end of the limiting hook;

[0019] An elastic track is provided on the support beam, and the elastic track is used to cooperate with the stepped block to generate elastic deformation.

[0020] Optionally, the flow rate adjusting device includes a fixed rod, a sliding rod, and a resistance block. The two fixed rods are parallel to each other, and the fixed rods are fixed to the dialysis housing;

[0021] Resistance blocks are respectively provided at the intersection of the fixed rod and the sliding rod, and the sliding rod slides and positions relative to the fixed rod through the resistance blocks.

[0022] Optionally, the fiber filling density of the hollow fiber membrane bundle is 20% - 80%.

[0023] The present utility model also provides a dialysis system, including the adjustable internal filtration dialysis appliance described in any one of the above, and further including a dialysis machine, which is provided with a blood pump and a dialysis pump. The blood pump is connected through a pipeline to the blood inlet pipe and the blood outlet pipe provided on the dialysis end cover, and the dialysis pump is connected through a pipeline to the dialysis fluid inlet pipe and the dialysis fluid outlet pipe.

[0024] The present utility model provides an adjustable internal filtration dialysis appliance. A dialysis fluid inlet pipe and a dialysis fluid outlet pipe for the circulation of dialysis fluid are provided on the dialysis housing; the dialysis housing is no longer a whole inner cavity, but is provided with two independent chambers, namely a first dialysis fluid chamber and a second dialysis fluid chamber, which have the same external dimensions. The first inlet pipe inputs dialysis fluid into the first dialysis fluid chamber, the second inlet pipe inputs dialysis fluid into the second dialysis fluid chamber, and the dialysis fluid is discharged from the dialysis fluid outlet pipe. An elastic region is provided on the first inlet pipe and / or the second inlet pipe, and the first inlet pipe and the second inlet pipe are connected to the same liquid source. The flow adjustment device is used to squeeze the first inlet pipe or the second inlet pipe to deform, so as to adjust the liquid inlet flow rates of the first dialysis fluid chamber and the second dialysis fluid chamber, and further change the pressure drop in the two dialysis fluid chambers, change the pressure difference across the membrane of the hollow fiber membrane bundle. As the internal filtration flow rate increases, the convective effect is enhanced, the fluid transmembrane transport ability is enhanced, and the ability to remove medium and large molecular toxins is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1A It is the front view of the first embodiment of the adjustable internal filtration dialysis appliance of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 1B It is the top view of the first embodiment of the adjustable internal filtration dialysis appliance of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 2A It is the partial sectional front view of the first embodiment of the adjustable internal filtration dialysis appliance of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 2B It is the partial sectional top view of the first embodiment of the adjustable internal filtration dialysis appliance of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 3AFront view of the second embodiment of the adjustable internal filtration dialysis device of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 3B Top view of the second embodiment of the adjustable internal filtration dialysis device of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 4A Front view of the third embodiment of the adjustable internal filtration dialysis device of the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 4B Top view of the third embodiment of the adjustable internal filtration dialysis device of the present utility model;

[0034] Figure 5A Side view schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the dialysis housing;

[0035] Figure 5B Side view schematic diagram of another specific embodiment of the dialysis housing;

[0036] Figure 6 Axonometric schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the flow rate adjustment device;

[0037] Figure 7A Axonometric schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the flow rate adjustment device;

[0038] Figure 7B Axonometric schematic diagram of the stepped stop block in the second embodiment of the flow rate adjustment device;

[0039] Figure 8A Axonometric schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the flow rate adjustment device;

[0040] Figure 8B Schematic diagram of the fixed rod in the third embodiment of the flow rate adjustment device;

[0041] Figure 8C Matching schematic diagram of the sliding rod and the resistance block in the third embodiment of the flow rate adjustment device;

[0042] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the dialysis process;

[0043] Figure 10 Pressure drop - flow rate change curve in the dialysis housing.

[0044] The figure includes:

[0045] Dialysis end cap 1, blood inlet tube 11, blood outlet tube 12;

[0046] Dialysis housing 2, first dialysis fluid chamber 201, second dialysis fluid chamber 202, dialysis fluid inlet tube 21, first inlet tube 211, second inlet tube 212, dialysis fluid outlet tube 22, first outlet tube 221, second outlet tube 222;

[0047] hollow fiber membrane bundle 3, partition baffle 4;

[0048] flow adjustment device 5, fixed frame 511, sliding rod 512, stud 513, stepped frame 521, support track 522, support beam 5221, connecting arm 5222, limit hook 5223, blocking block 5224, stepped stop block 523, elastic track 524, fixed rod 531, sliding rod 532, resistance block 533;

[0049] dialysis machine 6, blood pump 61, dialysis pump 62. Specific embodiments

[0050] The core of the present utility model is to provide an adjustable internal filtration dialysis apparatus. The dialysis housing is provided with two independent chambers, which can independently adjust the flow rate of each chamber, enhance the convection effect, enhance the fluid transmembrane transport ability, and improve the ability to remove medium and large molecular toxins.

[0051] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present utility model, the adjustable internal filtration dialysis apparatus of the present utility model will be introduced and described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0052] The adjustable internal filtration dialysis apparatus provided by the present utility model includes a dialysis end cap 1, a dialysis housing 2 and a hollow fiber membrane bundle 3; the dialysis housing 2 is a cylindrical housing structure, and dialysis end caps 1 are respectively installed at both ends of the dialysis housing 2; both ends of the hollow fiber membrane bundle 3 are sealed and cured at both ends of the dialysis housing 2 through a sealant, and a dialysis fluid chamber is formed between the dialysis housing 2 and the sealant for sealing and curing the hollow fiber membrane bundle 3; the hollow fiber membrane bundle 3 is composed of a plurality of hollow fiber membrane filaments, and the cavities of the hollow fiber membrane filaments constituting the hollow fiber membrane bundle 3 can circulate blood as a blood chamber; the flow direction of the dialysis fluid is opposite to the flow direction of the blood.

[0053] A dialysis fluid inlet pipe 21 and a dialysis fluid outlet pipe 22 for the flow of dialysis fluid are provided on the dialysis housing 2. The dialysis fluid enters the inner cavity of the dialysis housing 2 from the dialysis fluid inlet pipe 21, exchanges substances with the blood to complete dialysis, and then flows out from the dialysis fluid outlet pipe 22.

[0054] The dialysis housing 2 includes a first dialysis fluid chamber 201 and a second dialysis fluid chamber 202. The first dialysis fluid chamber 201 and the second dialysis fluid chamber 202 are two independent cavities, and their outer dimensions are the same. A part of the hollow fiber membrane bundle 3 is respectively arranged in the first dialysis fluid chamber 201 and the second dialysis fluid chamber 202. The dialysis fluids in the first dialysis fluid chamber 201 and the second dialysis fluid chamber 202 respectively independently undergo a dialysis process with the corresponding hollow fiber membrane bundle 3.

[0055] The dialysate inlet tube 21 includes a first inlet tube 211 disposed in the first dialysate chamber 201 and a second inlet tube 212 disposed in the second dialysate chamber 202; the first inlet tube 211 and the second inlet tube 212 are independently arranged; the dialysate enters the first dialysate chamber 201 through the first inlet tube 211 and enters the second dialysate chamber 202 through the second inlet tube 212, and finally the dialysate is discharged from the dialysate outlet tube 22.

[0056] The first inlet tube 211 and / or the second inlet tube 212 are provided with an elastic region, that is, the first inlet tube 211 and the second inlet tube 212 can be provided with an elastic region simultaneously, or an elastic region can be provided only in one of them. The first inlet tube 211 and the second inlet tube 212 are connected to the same liquid source, and the same liquid source simultaneously supplies dialysate to the first inlet tube 211 and the second inlet tube 212. The dialysate is distributed between the first inlet tube 211 and the second inlet tube 212 and enters the first dialysate chamber 201 and the second dialysate chamber 202 respectively. The first inlet tube 211 and / or the second inlet tube 212 are correspondingly provided with a flow rate adjusting device 5. The first inlet tube 211 and / or the second inlet tube 212 can be squeezed and deformed by the flow rate adjusting device 5 so as to adjust the liquid inlet flow rate. When adjusting the flow rate, the flow rate of one of the two chambers of the first dialysate chamber 201 and the second dialysate chamber 202 increases, and the flow rate of the other decreases, and the total flow rate remains basically unchanged. Squeezing the elastic region changes the flow rate of the dialysate entering the first dialysate chamber 201 and the second dialysate chamber 202 at the dialysate inlet of the dialyzer, and further changes the pressure drop between the first dialysate chamber 201 and the second dialysate chamber 202.

[0057] Combined Figure 10 As shown, the pressure drop-flow rate change curve inside the dialysis housing 2 is shown. The pressure drop calculation formula is as follows:

[0058]

[0059] Among them, ∆P: pressure drop (pressure loss); ρ: fluid density; g: acceleration due to gravity;

[0060] L: length of the dialysis device; k: fluid resistance coefficient; v: fluid flow velocity.

[0061] According to the relationship between flow rate and flow velocity:

[0062]

[0063] Q: flow rate; S: cross-sectional area of the dialysate chamber.

[0064] The relationship between fluid flow rate and pressure loss is obtained:

[0065]

[0066] That is

[0067] From the above formula, we can see that the pressure drop ∆P and the fluid flow rate Q show a parabolic relationship as Figure 10 shown.

[0068] When the flow rate adjusting device 5 is not adjusted, the dialysis fluid flow rates in the dialysis fluid chamber 1 and the dialysis fluid chamber 2 are the same, both being Q0, the pressure drops generated in the two dialysis fluid chambers are both ∆P0, and the pressure drop in the dialysis housing 2 is ∆P0. By using the flow rate adjusting device 5 to squeeze the elastic region of the first inlet pipe 211, the flow rate of the dialysis fluid chamber 201 decreases, and the flow rate of the dialysis fluid in the dialysis fluid chamber 1 is Q0 - ∆Q. At this time, the pressure drop in the dialysis fluid chamber 1 is ∆P1, and the pressure drop in the dialysis fluid chamber 1 decreases by │∆P1 - ∆P0│ compared with before the change; the flow rate of the dialysis fluid chamber 202 increases, and the flow rate of the dialysis fluid in the dialysis fluid chamber 2 is Q0 + ∆Q. At this time, the pressure drop in the dialysis fluid chamber 2 is ∆P2, and the pressure drop in the dialysis fluid chamber 2 increases by │∆P2 - ∆P0│ compared with before the change. Therefore, the overall pressure changes by "│∆P2 - ∆P0│ - │∆P1 - ∆P0│" compared with before the adjustment of the flow rate adjusting device 5. Based on the parabolic relationship between the pressure drop ∆P and the fluid flow rate Q, through Figure 10 it can be known that "│∆P2 - ∆P0│ - │∆P1 - ∆P0│" > 0, that is, the overall pressure drop of the dialysis housing 2 increases, so the internal filtration flow rate increases. As the internal filtration flow rate increases, the convective effect is enhanced, the fluid transmembrane transport ability is enhanced, and the ability to remove medium and large molecular toxins is improved.

[0069] The dialysis fluid outlet pipe 22 can be designed in the same way as the dialysis fluid inlet pipe 21, that is, set as the first outlet pipe 221 and the second outlet pipe 222, or can be replaced by a common outlet, and the same purpose can be achieved.

[0070] On the basis of the above solution, the present utility model further provides a specific setting form of the dialysis housing 2. As shown in combination with Figure 2B 、 Figure 5A , the dialysis housing 2 is a housing. A partition baffle 4 is arranged at the middle position between the sealing adhesives at both ends of the dialysis housing 2 and the hollow fiber membrane bundle 3. The partition baffle 4 extends along the length direction of the dialysis housing 2. The partition baffle 4 is located on the symmetry axis of the dialysis housing 2. The first dialysis fluid chamber 201 and the second dialysis fluid chamber 202 are symmetrically arranged. The partition baffle 4 divides the dialysis fluid chamber into the first dialysis fluid chamber 201 and the second dialysis fluid chamber 202, and divides the dialysis fluid inlet pipe 21 into the first inlet pipe 211 and the second inlet pipe 212. The dialysis housing 2 is a complete whole, and there is no need to change the traditional dialysis device connection form, which has good versatility.

[0071] The partition baffle 4 is made of the same material as the dialysis housing 2, such as common injection-moldable materials like polycarbonate and polypropylene. The partition baffle 4 and the housing 2 are integrally injection-molded. The elastic region of the dialysate inlet tube 21 is wrapped and sealed by a highly elastic sleeve.

[0072] Taking into comprehensive consideration the economic cost of dialyzer preparation, the treatment effect of the dialyzer, and the convenience of using the dialyzer, adding the partition baffle 4 to the dialysis housing 2 to increase the internal filtration flow has the least impact on the clinical treatment process, the lowest technical difficulty of the solution, the highest feasibility of implementation, and the best safety compared to other solutions. Adding the partition baffle 4 can enhance the internal filtration flow by changing the flow rates of the two paths in the dialysate chamber without changing the patient's treatment conditions. The structure of the blood chamber remains unchanged, ensuring the safety of the patient during treatment while improving the clearance effect of medium and large molecular toxins.

[0073] The dialysate outlet tube 22 can be separated by the partition baffle 4 into a first outlet tube 221 and a second outlet tube 222, or the dialysate outlet tube 22 can also be an independent non-separated pipe. The dialysate outlet tube 22 does not need to be provided with a flow rate adjustment device 5.

[0074] In addition to using a complete cylindrical dialysis housing 2 and partitioning it with a partition baffle 4 in the inner cavity, two completely independent chambers can also be used, such as Figure 5B shown, which shows the structure where the first dialysate chamber 201 and the second dialysate chamber 202 are independently arranged. The first dialysate chamber 201 and the second dialysate chamber 202 are respectively formed by two independent housing structures, and the first dialysate chamber 201 and the second dialysate chamber 202 can be relatively fixedly assembled through a frame structure. These specific setting forms should all be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0075] The flow rate adjustment device 5 can adopt different structures. The following provides three specific setting forms of the flow rate adjustment device 5:

[0076] The first one, in combination with Figure 1A , Figure 1B , Figure 6As shown, the flow rate adjusting device 5 includes a fixed frame 511, a slide rod 512, and a stud 513. The fixed frame 511 is fixed to the dialysis housing 2. The specific form of the fixed frame 511 is not limited, as long as it can support and guide the slide rod 512. The stud 513 is threadedly connected to the fixed frame 511, and the end of the stud 513 is rotatably connected to the slide rod 512. The slide rod 512 is slidably assembled in the fixed frame 511. Specifically, both ends of the slide rod 512 are slidably assembled with two tracks of the fixed frame 511, and the middle of the slide rod 512 is connected to the stud 513. When the stud 513 rotates relative to the fixed frame 511 around the axis of the stud 513, the stud 513 drives the slide rod 512 to translate along the fixed frame 511, so that the slide rod 512 approaches or moves away from the dialysis fluid inlet tube 21, thereby realizing squeezing the elastic region of the dialysis fluid inlet tube 21. The length direction of the slide rod 512 is parallel to the plate surface of the partition baffle 4 to ensure a uniform squeezing effect.

[0077] Second, in combination with Figure 3A , Figure 3B , Figure 7A As shown, the flow rate adjusting device 5 includes a stepped frame 521 and a support track 522. The stepped frame 521 is fixed to the dialysis housing 2 and is used to support and position the support track 522. A number of stepped blocks 523 are provided on the stepped frame 521, and the support track 522 can be blocked and limited by the stepped blocks 523. Specifically, two rows of stepped blocks 523 are provided on the stepped frame 521 to form a wavy blocking and limiting structure, and both ends of the support track 522 are respectively matched and limited with a row of stepped blocks 523. When the support track 522 cooperates with a certain group of steps, its blocking surface can block the support track 522, so that the support track 522 presses the elastic region of the dialysis fluid inlet tube 21.

[0078] Specifically, in combination with Figure 7A , the stepped surface of the stepped block 523 is inclined to the length extension direction of the stepped frame 521 at its position. The stepped surface can form a guiding effect on the support track 522. When it is necessary to squeeze more tightly, the support track 522 can be guided to move towards the dialysis fluid inlet tube 21.

[0079] In combination with Figure 7B, the support rail 522 includes a support beam 5221, connecting arms 5222, and limit hooks 5223. Both ends of the support beam 5221 are fixedly connected to two connecting arms 5222 respectively. The connecting arms 5222 are perpendicular to the support beam 5221. The end of the connecting arm 5222 is fixedly provided with a limit hook 5223. The limit hook 5223 is perpendicular to the connecting arm 5222. A blocking block 5224 is arranged at the end of the limit hook 5223; the blocking block 5224, the limit hook 5223, the connecting arm 5222, and the support beam 5221 form a semi-surrounding structure, so as to be clamped onto the stepped frame 521. An elastic rail 524 is arranged on the support beam 5221. The elastic rail 524 can be compressed when being squeezed. The elastic rail 524 is used to cooperate with the stepped block 523 to generate elastic deformation, which is convenient for moving between different steps.

[0080] The third type, combined with Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 8A , the flow rate adjusting device 5 includes a fixed rod 531, a sliding rod 532, and a resistance block 533. The two fixed rods 531 are parallel to each other, and the fixed rod 531 is fixed to the dialysis housing 2; combined with Figure 8B As shown, a convex block structure arranged on the side wall of the fixed rod 531 can be fixedly connected to the dialysis housing 2 relatively. Resistance blocks 533 are respectively arranged at the intersection of the fixed rod 531 and the sliding rod 532. The sliding rod 532 slides and positions relative to the fixed rod 531 through the resistance block 533. Only one sliding rod 532 can be provided, or two sliding rods 532 can be provided, and corresponding setting forms are adopted according to actual needs.

[0081] In the present utility model, the membrane filament filling density of the hollow fiber membrane bundle 3 is 20% - 80%, preferably 40% - 70%. The filling density is the ratio of the total cross-sectional area of the hollow fiber membrane bundle 3 to the cross-sectional area of the dialysis housing 2.

[0082] The present utility model also provides a dialysis system, including the adjustable internal filtration dialysis appliance described above. Combined with Figure 9 As shown, it further includes a dialysis machine 6. The dialysis machine 6 is provided with a blood pump 61 and a dialysis pump 62. The blood pump 61 is connected to a blood inlet tube 11 and a blood outlet tube 12 arranged on the dialysis end cap 1 through pipelines. The dialysis pump 62 is connected to a dialysis fluid inlet tube 21 and a dialysis fluid outlet tube 22 through pipelines, and dialysis filtration can be realized.

[0083] According to Figure 9Connection is made to form a dialysis circuit with the patient, where blood and dialysate flow in a countercurrent manner in the directions indicated by the arrows in the figure. After the treatment has been running stably for 1 hour, samples are taken at the blood inlet and blood outlet positions of the dialyzer to test the solute clearance rate. If the test result of the clearance rate does not reach the expected clearance effect, the internal filtration is increased by squeezing with the flow adjustment device 5 to enhance the treatment effect; and during the treatment process, if the patient has no adverse feelings, the flow adjustment device 5 can be further squeezed according to the above steps to achieve a higher level of treatment effect. The utility model does not need to be connected to other external devices and can achieve the same treatment effect as the hemodiafiltration treatment mode under a simple hemodialysis treatment mode.

[0084] Through the design of the partition baffle 4, the dialysate chamber of the dialysis housing 2 is divided into two parts, namely the first dialysate chamber 201 and the second dialysate chamber 202; by changing the flow rate of the dialysate in the two dialysate chambers of the first dialysate chamber 201 and the second dialysate chamber 202 through the flow adjustment device 5, the pressure drop in the dialysate chamber is further changed, so as to increase the internal filtration flow rate in the dialyzer, thereby enhancing the convective effect and achieving the purpose of increasing the clearance rate of medium and large molecular toxins; and the position of the flow adjustment device 5 can be adjusted to control the effect of increasing the internal filtration to meet the treatment needs of different patients.

[0085] The following provides three groups of experimental data, corresponding respectively to Figure 6 、 Figure 7A 、 Figure 8A shown flow adjustment device 5.

[0086] Experiment 1:

[0087] According to the Figure 9 connection device, the flow adjustment device 5 adopts the Figure 6 shown structure, the slide bar 512 remains in the original position (not squeezed), using pig blood as the simulation liquid, and setting the blood flow rate Q B = 200 mL / min, the dialysate flow rate Q D = 500 mL / min, the ultrafiltration volume Q F = 10 mL / min. After dialysis preparation, the patient is connected. After running stably for 60 minutes, samples are taken at the inlet and outlet of the blood chamber to test the clearance rate of β2-microglobulin; by rotating the stud 513, the slide bar 512 is pushed in to change the flow rate of the dialysate chamber, and continue to run for 60 minutes, and samples are taken at the inlet and outlet of the blood chamber to test the clearance rate of β2-microglobulin. The experimental data are shown in Table 1.

[0088] Experiment 2:

[0089] According to the Figure 9 connection device, the flow adjustment device 5 is Figure 7AAs shown, the support track 522 remains in its original position (not squeezed). Using pig blood as the simulated fluid, the blood flow rate Q is set on the dialysis machine. B = 200 mL / min, the dialysis fluid flow rate Q D = 500 mL / min, the ultrafiltration rate Q F = 10 mL / min. After dialysis preparation, the patient is connected. After running stably for 60 minutes, blood samples are taken at the inlet and outlet of the blood chamber to test the β2-microglobulin clearance rate. By pushing in the support track 522 to change the dialysis fluid chamber flow rate, continue running for 60 minutes, take blood samples at the inlet and outlet of the blood chamber, and test the β2-microglobulin clearance rate. The experimental data are shown in Table 1.

[0090] Experiment 3:

[0091] According to Figure 9 the connection device, the flow rate adjustment device 5 is Figure 8A as shown. The sliding rod 512 remains in its original position (not squeezed). Using pig blood as the simulated fluid, the blood flow rate Q is set on the dialysis machine. B = 200 mL / min, the dialysis fluid flow rate Q D = 500 mL / min, the ultrafiltration rate Q F = 10 mL / min. After dialysis preparation, the patient is connected. After running stably for 60 minutes, blood samples are taken at the inlet and outlet of the blood chamber to test the β2-microglobulin clearance rate. By pushing in the sliding rod 512 to change the dialysis fluid chamber flow rate, continue running for 60 minutes, take blood samples at the inlet and outlet of the blood chamber, and test the β2-microglobulin clearance rate. The experimental data are shown in Table 1.

[0092] Table 1 β2-microglobulin clearance rate (mL / min)

[0093] Un-extruded After extrusion Experiment 1 47.39 51.88 Experiment 2 47.42 53.26 Experiment 3 47.26 49.99

[0094] It can be seen from the data in Table 1 that after the flow rate adjustment device 5 changes the flow rate distribution in the dialysis fluid chamber, the β2-microglobulin clearance rate increases. This is because the flow rates in the two dialysis fluid chambers change, causing changes in the pressure drops in the two dialysis fluid chambers, resulting in an overall increase in the pressure drop, effectively increasing the internal filtration flow rate of the filter, thereby promoting the improvement of the convection effect and further increasing the removal effect of the medium and large molecular protein β2-microglobulin. This application can effectively improve the treatment effect through simple operations without changing the filter membrane filament process and treatment plan.

[0095] In summary, by changing the internal structure of the dialysis housing 2 and adding a partition baffle 4, the present utility model changes the transmembrane pressure between the dialysate chamber and the blood chamber without changing the patient's treatment conditions, thereby enhancing internal filtration. The position and number of the partition baffle 4 include but are not limited to the forms mentioned above. The shape of the flow adjustment device 5 can be the one depicted in the attached drawings or other shapes that meet the requirements. The dialysate outflow tube 22 can be the same as the dialysate inflow tube 21 or have the structure of a common dialyzer outlet. This device is applicable to different blood purification techniques, especially hemodialysis and hemodiafiltration.

[0096] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present utility model. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the present utility model will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An adjustable inner filtration dialysis apparatus, comprising a dialysis end cap (1), a dialysis housing (2) and a hollow fiber membrane bundle (3), characterized in that: The dialysis housing (2) is provided with a dialysis fluid inlet tube (21) and a dialysis fluid outlet tube (22) for circulating the dialysis fluid; The dialysis housing (2) comprises a first dialysis fluid chamber (201) and a second dialysis fluid chamber (202) having the same external dimensions; the dialysis fluid inlet tube (21) comprises a first inlet tube (211) arranged in the first dialysis fluid chamber (201) and a second inlet tube (212) arranged in the second dialysis fluid chamber (202); The first inlet pipe (211) and / or the second inlet pipe (212) are provided with an elastic region, the first inlet pipe (211) and the second inlet pipe (212) are connected to the same liquid source, and the first inlet pipe (211) and / or the second inlet pipe (212) can be squeezed and deformed by the flow adjustment device (5), thereby adjusting the inlet flow rate.

2. The adjustable inner filtration dialysis apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dialysis shell (2) is a shell, and a dialysate chamber formed between the dialysis shell (2) and the sealant at both ends of the hollow fiber membrane bundle (3) is provided with a partition baffle (4), and the partition baffle (4) extends along the length direction of the dialysis shell (2), and is used to separate the dialysis chamber into the first dialysis chamber (201) and the second dialysis chamber (202), and to separate the dialysis inlet tube (21) into the first inlet tube (211) and the second inlet tube (212).

3. The adjustable inner filtration dialysis apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dialysate outflow tube (22) is divided into a first outflow tube (221) and a second outflow tube (222) by the dividing baffle (4); Alternatively, the dialysate outflow tube (22) is a cavity.

4. The adjustable inner filtration dialysis apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first dialysate chamber (201) and the second dialysate chamber (202) are respectively formed by two mutually independent shells.

5. The adjustable inner filtration dialysis apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The flow adjustment device (5) comprises a fixed frame (511), a sliding rod (512) and a stud (513); the fixed frame (511) is fixed to the dialysis housing (2); The stud (513) is threadedly connected to the fixed frame (511), and the end of the stud (513) is rotatably connected to the sliding rod (512), and the sliding rod (512) is slidably assembled on the fixed frame (511); the stud (513) rotates relative to the fixed frame (511) to make the sliding rod (512) approach or move away from the dialysate inlet tube (21).

6. The adjustable inner filtration dialysis apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The flow adjustment device (5) comprises a step frame (521) and a support rail (522); the step frame (521) is fixed to the dialysis housing (2); The step frame (521) is provided with a plurality of step stops (523), and the support rail (522) can be blocked and limited by the step stops (523).

7. The adjustable inner filtration dialysis apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step surface of the step stopper (523) is inclined to the length extension direction of the step frame (521) at which the step stopper (523) is located; The support track (522) comprises a support beam (5221), a connecting arm (5222), and a limiting hook (5223); the two ends of the support beam (5221) are respectively fixedly connected to the two connecting arms (5222); the ends of the connecting arms (5222) are fixed to the limiting hooks (5223); and a blocking block (5224) is provided at the ends of the limiting hooks (5223); An elastic track (524) is provided on the support beam (5221), and the elastic track (524) is used to cooperate with the step stopper (523) to generate elastic deformation.

8. The adjustable inner filtration dialysis apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The flow adjustment device (5) comprises a fixed rod (531), a sliding rod (532) and a resistance block (533), wherein the two fixed rods (531) are parallel to each other, and the fixed rods (531) are fixed to the dialysis housing (2); The resistance blocks (533) are respectively arranged at the intersections of the fixed rod (531) and the sliding rod (532), and the sliding rod (532) slides and is positioned relative to the fixed rod (531) via the resistance blocks (533).

9. The adjustable inner filtration dialysis apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The membrane fiber filling density of the hollow fiber membrane bundle (3) is 20% to 80%.

10. A dialysis system, characterized in that: The adjustable inner filtration dialysis apparatus comprises the adjustable inner filtration dialysis apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, and further comprises a dialysis machine (6), which is provided with a blood pump (61) and a dialysis pump (62), wherein the blood pump (61) is connected to a blood inlet tube (11) and a blood outflow tube (12) provided on the dialysis end cover (1) through a pipeline, and the dialysis pump (62) is connected to the dialysate inlet tube (21) and the dialysate outflow tube (22) through a pipeline.

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