Conveying device of automatic mountain tobacco leaf harvesting machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a mountain tobacco leaf automatic harvester conveyer which comprises two conveying parts and movable supports, the two conveying parts are fixedly connected to the movable supports on the corresponding sides, the distance between the two conveying parts is larger than the maximum diameter of tobacco plants and smaller than the average width of tobacco leaves, and the upper ends of the conveying parts are located over a top frame; the conveying part comprises an L-shaped conveying belt and a linear conveying belt; short arms of the L-shaped conveying belts are arranged at the lower parts of the harvesting parts on the corresponding sides, and long arms of the L-shaped conveying belts are arranged on the outer sides of the harvesting parts on the corresponding sides; the linear conveying belt is fixedly connected to the movable support on the corresponding side and is parallel to the long arm, and the distance between the linear conveying belt and the long arm is smaller than the thickness of tobacco leaves. The problem that in the prior art, tobacco leaves cannot be collected from a harvesting part while the tobacco leaves are matched with the harvesting part, and follow-up harvesting work cannot be disturbed is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a conveying device of an automatic mountain tobacco leaf harvester, belonging to the technical field of tobacco leaf harvesting. Background Art

[0002] The tobacco industry plays a vital role in China's national economy, and tobacco leaf harvesting is a crucial step in tobacco production, directly determining its economic profitability. The harvest season coincides with scorching summers, creating extremely harsh working conditions and a heavy workload. The lack of dedicated transport routes within tobacco fields makes transporting tobacco leaves across the fields extremely arduous, while harvesting efficiency is also very low. During a single harvest, approximately two layers of tobacco leaves are harvested, requiring at least four to five hours per person to harvest one acre. With rising labor costs in China, tobacco leaf harvesting costs are also increasing. With the large number of rural laborers migrating to other locations, finding suitable labor for tobacco leaf harvesting and shipping is difficult, resulting in difficulties ensuring timely harvesting and a sharp decline in leaf quality. This has become a major constraint on the development of the tobacco industry. Therefore, developing tobacco leaf harvesters suitable for Chinese tobacco production is an effective way to reduce tobacco farmers' workload and increase their income, and it represents a major issue that needs to be addressed urgently in China's tobacco production.

[0003] Guizhou is a major tobacco-growing province in my country, with the vast majority of its tobacco-growing areas located in hilly and mountainous regions, characterized by complex landforms, diverse soil types, and fragmented soil conditions. Constrained by Guizhou's hilly and mountainous terrain, agricultural mechanization in these regions has long lagged far behind that in plains and flatlands. In 2021, the mechanization rate for planting, harvesting, and harvesting of major crops in the province was only 44%, far below the national average of 71.25%. Sloping land accounts for a staggering 55% of tobacco production, while less than 15% of tobacco fields are suitable for large-scale agricultural machinery. With persistent labor shortages and high labor costs, the lack of mechanization makes it difficult to industrialize specialty crops in hilly and mountainous regions. Many areas are experiencing a gradual erosion of their unique advantages, even leading to industrial decline and abandoned farmland. However, developing agricultural machinery in hilly and mountainous areas, characterized by small, scattered plots, steep slopes, and inadequate infrastructure, is a recognized challenge. Developed countries like Europe and the United States, with their abundant natural resources, generally do not utilize hilly and mountainous areas for agricultural production, resulting in few suitable products and technologies to import and leverage.

[0004] Most agricultural machinery on the market is developed based on the characteristics of plain land. While bulky and powerful, these machines are difficult to maneuver and make turning between ridges difficult. They are suited for the vast, flat plains and are less suitable for the small, scattered, and steep hilly and mountainous terrain of Guizhou. For example, Bozhou County, with its typical hilly and mountainous terrain, is poorly adapted to mountainous agriculture. The land is less suited for mechanization, and difficulties in accessing and operating the fields are prominent. It is imperative to develop mechanization tailored to local conditions and specific to Guizhou's mountainous regions.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the applicant proposed an automatic mountain tobacco leaf harvester, which mainly improved the harvesting part and simplified the actions of the harvesting part to lifting and rotating cutting, greatly simplifying the structure so that the harvester can be suitable for mountain areas. However, the above improvements also have problems. Although the above devices can cut tobacco leaves, none of them can be adapted to the above harvesting part and collect the tobacco leaves from the harvesting part without interfering with subsequent harvesting work. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a conveying device for an automatic mountain tobacco leaf harvester to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0007] The technical solution of the utility model is: a conveying device for an automatic mountain tobacco harvester, comprising two conveying parts and a movable bracket, wherein the two conveying parts are fixedly connected to the movable bracket on corresponding sides, the distance between the two conveying parts is greater than the maximum diameter of the tobacco plant, the distance between the two conveying parts is less than the average width of the tobacco leaf, and the upper end of the conveying part is located directly above the top bracket;

[0008] The conveying part includes an L-shaped conveyor belt and a straight conveyor belt;

[0009] The short arm of the L-shaped conveyor belt is arranged at the lower part of the harvesting part on the corresponding side, and the long arm is arranged at the outer side of the harvesting part on the corresponding side;

[0010] The linear conveyor belt is fixedly connected to the movable bracket on the corresponding side, the linear conveyor belt is parallel to the long arm, and the distance between the linear conveyor belt and the long arm is less than the thickness of the tobacco leaves;

[0011] Among them, the conveying direction of the L-shaped conveyor belt on the left is counterclockwise, the conveying direction of the straight conveyor belt on the left is clockwise, the conveying direction of the L-shaped conveyor belt on the right is clockwise, and the conveying direction of the straight conveyor belt on the right is counterclockwise.

[0012] Furthermore, the L-shaped conveyor belt includes an L-shaped bracket, a drive motor, a roller, a belt and an angle limiting wheel;

[0013] The rollers are evenly distributed along the length direction of the L-shaped bracket, the rollers protrude from the side of the L-shaped bracket, the belt is sleeved on the rollers, the angle limiting wheel is fixedly connected to the corner of the L-shaped bracket, the center axis of the angle limiting wheel is parallel to the belt at the corner of the L-shaped bracket, the angle limiting wheel constrains the belt position so that the belt contacts the roller surface, and the drive motor is connected to the roller.

[0014] Furthermore, the L-shaped conveyor belt includes a long arm, which is inclined inward from bottom to top.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a harvesting frame, which is detachably connected to the top frame. The harvesting frame includes a frame body and a hanging buckle, which is fixedly connected to the four sides of the frame body and matches the top frame. The harvesting frame is detachably connected to the top frame through the hanging buckle.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: compared with the prior art,

[0017] 1) The utility model uses the short side of the L-shaped conveyor belt to catch the tobacco leaves cut by the harvesting section, and uses the L-shaped conveyor belt to transfer the tobacco leaves between the L-shaped conveyor belt and the linear conveyor belt. The clamping force between the long arm of the L-shaped conveyor belt and the linear conveyor belt is then used to transfer the tobacco leaves to the top of the top frame for collection. Since the tobacco leaves are collected in the upper part of the harvesting section, the collected tobacco leaves will not affect the operation of the harvesting section. Therefore, the utility model can be adapted to the harvesting section and can collect tobacco leaves without affecting subsequent harvesting work.

[0018] 2) The utility model limits the belt on the L-shaped bracket to an L-shape through the angle limiting wheel;

[0019] 3) The utility model connects the harvesting frame to the top frame in a detachable manner through a hook, so that the harvested tobacco leaves are easy to collect and transfer after being harvested. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional view of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional view of the harvesting part of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional view of the mobile bracket of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a motion trajectory diagram of the harvesting part of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 Another motion trajectory diagram of the harvesting part of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional view of the harvesting frame of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional view of the harvesting frame of the utility model when it is installed on the top frame;

[0028] Figure 9 It is a three-dimensional view of the transmission part of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 10 It is a cross-sectional view of the transmission part of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 11 This is a circuit connection block diagram of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1:

[0033] refer to Figure 1-11 A conveying device for an automatic mountain tobacco harvester includes two conveying parts 5 and a movable support 1. The two conveying parts 5 are fixedly connected to the movable support 1 on corresponding sides. The distance between the two conveying parts 5 is greater than the maximum diameter of the tobacco plant, and the distance between the two conveying parts 5 is less than the average width of the tobacco leaf. The upper end of the conveying part 5 is located directly above the top frame 1-5.

[0034] The conveying part 5 includes an L-shaped conveyor belt 5-1 and a straight conveyor belt 5-2;

[0035] The short arm of the L-shaped conveyor belt 5-1 is arranged at the lower part of the harvesting part 3 on the corresponding side, and the long arm is arranged at the outer side of the harvesting part 3 on the corresponding side;

[0036] The linear conveyor belt 5-2 is fixedly connected to the movable bracket 1 on the corresponding side, the linear conveyor belt 5-2 is parallel to the long arm, and the distance between the linear conveyor belt 5-2 and the long arm is less than the thickness of the tobacco leaves;

[0037] Among them, the conveying direction of the L-shaped conveyor belt 5-1 on the left is counterclockwise, and the conveying direction of the straight conveyor belt 5-2 on the left is clockwise. The conveying direction of the L-shaped conveyor belt 5-1 on the right is clockwise, and the conveying direction of the straight conveyor belt 5-2 on the right is counterclockwise.

[0038] Furthermore, the L-shaped conveyor belt 5-1 includes an L-shaped bracket 5-1-1, a drive motor, a roller 5-1-2, a belt 5-1-3 and an angle limiting wheel 5-1-4;

[0039] The rollers 5-1-2 are evenly distributed along the length direction of the L-shaped bracket 5-1-1, and the rollers 5-1-2 protrude from the side of the L-shaped bracket 5-1-1. The belt 5-1-3 is sleeved on the rollers 5-1-2. The angle limiting wheel 5-1-4 is fixedly connected to the corner of the L-shaped bracket 5-1-1. The central axis of the angle limiting wheel 5-1-4 is parallel to the belt 5-1-3 at the corner of the L-shaped bracket 5-1-1. The angle limiting wheel 5-1-4 constrains the position of the belt 5-1-3 so that the belt 5-1-3 contacts the surface of the roller 5-1-2, and the drive motor is connected to the roller 5-1-2.

[0040] Furthermore, the L-shaped conveyor belt 5-1 includes a long arm, which is inclined inward from bottom to top.

[0041] Furthermore, it also includes a harvesting frame 4, which is detachably connected to the top frame 1-5. The harvesting frame 4 includes a frame body 4-1 and a hanging buckle 4-2. The hanging buckle 4-2 is fixedly connected to the four sides of the frame body 4-1. The hanging buckle 4-2 matches the top frame 1-5. The harvesting frame 4 is detachably connected to the top frame 1-5 through the hanging buckle 4-2.

[0042] Example 2:

[0043] refer to Figure 1-11 , a mountain tobacco automatic harvester, including a controller 6, a mobile bracket 1 and a harvesting part 3; the mobile bracket 1 includes two support frames and a top frame 1-5, the two support frames are respectively connected to the lower part of the top frame 1-5 symmetrically on the left and right, and the distance between the two support frames matches the width of the ridge; the harvesting part 3 includes two, two lifting mechanisms 3-1 are respectively fixedly connected to the two mobile brackets 1 symmetrically on the left and right, and the harvesting part 3 includes a lifting mechanism 3-1 and a rotary cutting part 3-7; the moving part of the lifting mechanism 3-1 is connected to the connecting rod 3-6, and the lifting mechanism 3-1 is connected to the controller 6 by wire; a rotary cutting part 3-7 is provided on the connecting rod 3-6, and the rotating shaft of the rotary cutting part 3-7 is parallel to the unobstructed direction on both sides of the space enclosed by the two support frames, and the rotary cutting part 3-7 is connected to the controller 6 by wire.

[0044] Furthermore, the harvesting part 3 also includes a center distance adjustment mechanism, and the connecting rod 3-6 is connected to the lifting mechanism 3-1 through the center distance adjustment mechanism; the center distance adjustment mechanism includes a support column 3-2, an adjusting rod 3-3, a reduction servo motor 3-5 and a driven component 3-4; the support column 3-2 is fixedly connected to the moving part of the lifting mechanism 3-1, the support column 3-2 is perpendicular to the lifting direction of the lifting mechanism 3-1 and is parallel to the rotating shaft of the rotating cutting part 3-7, and the reduction servo motor 3-5 is fixedly connected to the support column 3-2; the rotating shaft of the reduction servo motor 3-5 is parallel to the support column 3-2, and the adjusting rod 3-3 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the reduction servo motor 3-5, and the reduction servo motor 3-5 is connected to the controller 6 by wire; the adjusting rod 3-3 is coaxial with the rotating shaft of the reduction servo motor 3-5, and the end of the adjusting rod 3-3 away from the reduction servo motor 3-5 is rotatably connected to the driven component 3-4, the driven component 3-4 is rotatably connected to the support column 3-2, and the adjusting rod 3-3 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 3-6. The rotary cutting part 3-7 includes a rotary cutting tool and a driving motor, and the driving motor drives the rotary cutting tool to rotate to achieve cutting.

[0045] Furthermore, the top frame 1-5 is frame-shaped, and the top frame 1-5 includes two frames parallel to the length direction of the space enclosed by the two support frames, and the frames are provided with a number of fixing holes 1-5-1 with the same spacing and distributed along the length direction of the frames; the support frame includes a cross bar 1-2, two vertical bars 1-1 and two steering wheels 1-3, the middle parts of the two vertical bars 1-1 are fixedly connected to the two ends of the cross bar 1-2 respectively, the lower ends of the two vertical bars 1-1 are connected to the steering wheels 1-3 respectively, and the upper ends of the two vertical bars 1-1 are respectively provided with grooves 1-4 matching the frames, and the grooves 1-4 are provided with two positioning holes 1-4-1 matching the fixing holes 1-5-1, the positioning holes 1-4-1 are connected to the fixing holes 1-5-1 by positioning bolts, and the steering wheels 1-3 are connected to the controller 6 by wires. In order to power electrical appliances, the utility model fixedly connects a battery to one of the mobile brackets 1, and installs a counterweight block symmetrically positioned with the same mass as the battery on the other bracket, and the counterweight block is located on the cross bar 1-2, so that the overall center of gravity of the device is lower and the movement is more stable.

[0046] Furthermore, it also includes a conveying part 5, which includes two conveying parts 5, and the two conveying parts 5 are fixedly connected to the mobile bracket 1 on the corresponding side. The two conveying parts 5 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the harvesting part 3. The distance between the two conveying parts 5 is greater than the maximum diameter of the tobacco plant, and the distance between the two conveying parts 5 is less than the average width of the tobacco leaf. The upper end of the conveying part 5 is located directly above the top frame 1-5; the conveying part 5 includes an L-shaped conveyor belt 5-1 and a straight conveyor belt 5-2. The conveying part 5 is connected to the controller 6 by wires; the short arm of the L-shaped conveyor belt 5-1 is set At the lower part of the harvesting part 3 on the corresponding side, a long arm is arranged on the outside of the harvesting part 3 on the corresponding side; the straight conveyor belt 5-2 is fixedly connected to the movable bracket 1 arranged on the corresponding side, the straight conveyor belt 5-2 is parallel to the long arm, and the distance between the straight conveyor belt 5-2 and the long arm is less than the thickness of the tobacco leaves; wherein, the conveying direction of the L-shaped conveyor belt 5-1 on the left is counterclockwise, and the conveying direction of the straight conveyor belt 5-2 on the left is clockwise, the conveying direction of the L-shaped conveyor belt 5-1 on the right is clockwise, and the conveying direction of the straight conveyor belt 5-2 on the right is counterclockwise.

[0047] Furthermore, the L-shaped conveyor belt 5-1 includes an L-shaped bracket 5-1-1, a drive motor, a roller 5-1-2, a belt 5-1-3 and an angle limit wheel 5-1-4; the rollers 5-1-2 are evenly distributed along the length direction of the L-shaped bracket 5-1-1, the rollers 5-1-2 protrude from the side of the L-shaped bracket 5-1-1, the belt 5-1-3 is sleeved on the roller 5-1-2, and the angle limit wheel 5-1-4 is fixedly connected to the corner of the L-shaped bracket 5-1-1, the central axis of the angle limit wheel 5-1-4 is parallel to the belt 5-1-3 at the corner of the L-shaped bracket 5-1-1, the angle limit wheel 5-1-4 constrains the position of the belt 5-1-3 so that the belt 5-1-3 contacts the surface of the roller 5-1-2, and the drive motor is connected to the roller 5-1-2 by transmission.

[0048] Furthermore, the L-shaped conveyor belt 5-1 includes a long arm that tilts inward from bottom to top.

[0049] Furthermore, it also includes a harvesting frame 4, which is detachably connected to the top frame 1-5. The harvesting frame 4 includes a frame body 4-1 and a hanging buckle 4-2. The hanging buckle 4-2 is fixedly connected to the four sides of the frame body 4-1. The hanging buckle 4-2 matches the top frame 1-5. The harvesting frame 4 is detachably connected to the top frame 1-5 through the hanging buckle 4-2.

[0050] Furthermore, it also includes an operating button 7, which is electrically connected to the controller 6.

[0051] A control method for an automatic mountain tobacco leaf harvester comprises the following steps:

[0052] When t≤2s, the harvester aims to harvest one layer of tobacco leaves, and the controller 6 controls the steering wheel 1-3 to move at an initial speed v0=0.14m / s;

[0053] When 2s<t≤4s, the harvester aims to harvest 2 layers of tobacco leaves, and the controller 6 controls the steering wheels 1-3 to travel at v1=0.08m / s;

[0054] When 4s<t≤6s, the harvester aims to harvest 3 layers of tobacco leaves, and the controller 6 controls the steering wheel 1-3 to travel at v2=0.02m / s;

[0055] When t>6s or other conditions, the controller 6 controls the steering wheels 1-3 to travel at speed 0;

[0056] When t=0, the controller 6 controls the rotary cutting part 3-7 to be powered off; when t≠0, the controller 6 controls the rotary cutting part 3-7 to be powered on;

[0057] Wherein, t is the pressing time of the operating button 7. In addition, the lifting height of the lifting mechanism 3-1 is also related to the pressing time of the operating button, and is consistent with the triggering logic of the speed change.

[0058] Working principle: When the utility model is used, the two support frames are respectively placed on both sides of the ridge body, and the top frame 1-5 is located on the upper part of the ridge body. The reduction servo motor 3-5 is used to rotate and control the adjustment rod 3-3. The rotation of the adjustment rod 3-3 drives the connection rod 3-6 to rotate. The rotation of the connection rod 3-6 changes the distance between the left and right rotating cutting parts 3-7, thereby adjusting the center distance to adapt to different tobacco plant diameters. For the harvesting of tobacco leaves from specific tobacco plants, the controller 6 controls the rotating cutting part 3-7 to cut the ribs connecting the tobacco leaves and the main rod, and then the lifting mechanism 3-1 controls the cutting height, so that tobacco leaves of different tobacco plant heights and different heights of the same tobacco plant can be picked. Since the picking action only requires two actions, lifting and rotating, the structure is relatively simple and compact, easy to move, and suitable for mountainous areas. Due to the short distance between tobacco plants, most of the tobacco leaves grow on both sides of the ridge body. This device also utilizes the characteristic that the tobacco leaves of tobacco plants mainly grow on both sides of the ridge body, and realizes the picking of most of the tobacco leaves in tobacco plants planted in mountainous areas. To centrally collect the tobacco leaves cut from the tobacco plants by the harvesting section 3, the present invention uses the short side of an L-shaped conveyor belt 5-1 to catch the tobacco leaves cut from the harvesting section 3. The L-shaped conveyor belt then transfers the tobacco leaves between the L-shaped conveyor belt 5-1 and the linear conveyor belt 5-2. The clamping force between the long arm of the L-shaped conveyor belt 5-1 and the linear conveyor belt 5-2 then transfers the tobacco leaves to the top of the top frame 1-5 for collection. To facilitate collection and transfer of the harvested tobacco leaves, the present invention uses a harvesting frame 4 detachably connected to the top frame 1-5 to collect the tobacco leaves.

[0059] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and the specific implementation of the present invention cannot be considered to be limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art of the present invention, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made, which should be considered to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A conveying device for an automatic mountain tobacco leaf harvester, characterized in that: The utility model comprises two conveying parts (5) and a movable support (1), wherein the two conveying parts (5) are fixedly connected to the movable support (1) on the corresponding side, the distance between the two conveying parts (5) is greater than the maximum diameter of the tobacco plant, the distance between the two conveying parts (5) is less than the average width of the tobacco leaf, and the upper end of the conveying part (5) is located directly above the top frame (1-5); The conveying part (5) comprises an L-shaped conveyor belt (5-1) and a linear conveyor belt (5-2); The short arm of the L-shaped conveyor belt (5-1) is arranged at the lower part of the harvesting part (3) on the corresponding side, and the long arm is arranged at the outer side of the harvesting part (3) on the corresponding side; The linear conveyor belt (5-2) is fixedly connected to the movable bracket (1) on the corresponding side, the linear conveyor belt (5-2) is parallel to the long arm, and the distance between the linear conveyor belt (5-2) and the long arm is less than the thickness of the tobacco leaves; Among them, the conveying direction of the L-shaped conveyor belt (5-1) on the left is counterclockwise, and the conveying direction of the straight conveyor belt (5-2) on the left is clockwise. The conveying direction of the L-shaped conveyor belt (5-1) on the right is clockwise, and the conveying direction of the straight conveyor belt (5-2) on the right is counterclockwise.

2. The automatic mountain tobacco harvester conveying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The L-shaped conveyor belt (5-1) comprises an L-shaped bracket (5-1-1), a drive motor, a roller (5-1-2), a belt (5-1-3) and an angle limiting wheel (5-1-4); The rollers (5-1-2) are evenly distributed along the length direction of the L-shaped bracket (5-1-1), the rollers (5-1-2) protrude from the side of the L-shaped bracket (5-1-1), the belt (5-1-3) is sleeved on the rollers (5-1-2), the angle limiting wheel (5-1-4) is fixedly connected to the corner of the L-shaped bracket (5-1-1), the central axis of the angle limiting wheel (5-1-4) is parallel to the belt (5-1-3) at the corner of the L-shaped bracket (5-1-1), the angle limiting wheel (5-1-4) constrains the position of the belt (5-1-3) so that the belt (5-1-3) contacts the surface of the rollers (5-1-2), and the drive motor is connected to the rollers (5-1-2) in a transmission manner.

3. The automatic mountain tobacco harvester conveying device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The L-shaped conveyor belt (5-1) comprises a long arm, which is inclined inward from bottom to top.

4. The conveying device of the automatic mountain tobacco harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The invention also includes a harvesting frame (4), which is detachably connected to the top frame (1-5). The harvesting frame (4) includes a frame body (4-1) and a hanging buckle (4-2). The hanging buckle (4-2) is fixedly connected to the four sides of the frame body (4-1). The hanging buckle (4-2) matches the top frame (1-5). The harvesting frame (4) is detachably connected to the top frame (1-5) via the hanging buckle (4-2).

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