Pure bending stress simulation-sound load-vibration combined loading test device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of multi-field coupling tests, and particularly relates to a pure bending stress simulation-sound load-vibration combined loading test device. The device comprises a high-sound-intensity traveling wave tube, a static force loading module, a vibration table and a test piece, and the high-sound-intensity traveling wave tube is provided with an opening for accommodating the test piece; the static force loading module is mounted on the vibration table and is used for performing static force loading on the test piece; one end of the test piece extends into the high-sound-intensity traveling wave tube from the opening, and the other end of the test piece is connected with the static force loading module. According to the pure bending stress simulation-sound load-vibration combined loading test device disclosed by the invention, a set of new test device capable of simultaneously simulating pure bending stress, strong noise and strong vibration load is designed based on a four-point bending static loading mode on the basis of a traditional multi-field coupling test device; finally, the pure bending stress simulation-sound load-vibration combined test of the thermal protection structure test piece is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of multi-field coupling tests, and in particular relates to a pure bending stress simulation-acoustic load-vibration combined loading test device. Background Art

[0002] Hypersonic vehicles experience a harsh, coupled thermal, mechanical, vibrational, and noise environment during atmospheric flight. During hypersonic flight, the vehicle's surface, in addition to aerodynamic forces and vibration transmission from surrounding structures, is subjected to intense noise loads and intense aerodynamic loading, including flow separation at high angles of attack, shock wave boundary layer interference, and the induction of turbulent wakes from protrusions. Intense aerodynamic heating can drive surface temperatures to hundreds or even thousands of degrees Celsius. Critical components of hypersonic vehicles, such as wing-rudder structures, nose cones, and air inlets, often face extremely harsh thermal environments. Significant temperature differences induce significant thermal stresses in the structure. Simultaneously, constrained structures experience significant compressive stresses due to thermal expansion in high-temperature environments. The cumulative effect of aerodynamic heating also causes the temperature distribution of the vehicle's structure to change over time, leading to changes in its modal frequencies and vibration shapes. Flexible structural deformation can also cause additional angles of attack, leading to additional aerodynamic uncertainties. Thermal stresses can lead to localized structural instability. Combined with the intense noise loads, this can cause a sudden response, resulting in significant structural damage.

[0003] Ground verification testing is an important means and way to evaluate and confirm the structural performance of hypersonic aircraft, and is an important component of structural reliability. Ground testing for various aircraft at home and abroad requires full-scale strength assessment testing during the design phase as an important way to verify the structural design. Multi-field coupling verification testing is an important stage in evaluating the reliability of thermal structures / thermal protection systems. Ground dynamic strength testing and verification is an important part of aircraft development. Due to the uncertainty of structural response and life analysis in multi-field coupling environments such as force-acoustic-vibration, ground dynamic strength testing is even more important for hypersonic aircraft to ensure aircraft development.

[0004] The static loading method (external force method) in which the load-bearing foundation is located outside the test fixture has a relatively obvious systematic error when conducting static-vibration or static-noise combined tests. There are many static loading methods in general two-field coupling environments, including air chamber loading under noise conditions, hydraulic actuation loading under high temperature environments, etc. However, ground environmental tests need to simulate the multi-field coupling environment such as force-sound-vibration that the thermal protection structure (TPS) is actually subjected to. In complex three-field and four-field coupling environments, there are many restrictions on static loading. Conventional methods such as adhesive tape cannot be used because they cannot adapt to high temperature environments, which greatly increases the difficulty of static loading. Therefore, the design of the static loading device should fully consider the adverse effects of the high temperature environment on the static loading device itself.

[0005] Many tests require simulating the pure bending stress of the structure without generating in-plane tensile and compressive stress. Conventional pure bending stress simulations mostly use three-point bending and four-point bending methods. However, the installation methods in these static test loading methods are not suitable for noise tests and vibration tests. In both noise tests and vibration tests, the test piece needs to be fixed or simply supported at the boundary, which is contrary to the traditional installation methods of three-point bending and four-point bending in static tests. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new test device that can meet the fixed / simply supported installation boundary and realize pure bending stress simulation.

[0006] Furthermore, the use of elastic units for static loading has exposed problems such as low loading accuracy and the impact of added stiffness and mass on the vibration characteristics of the test piece. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new loading test device that can achieve accurate loading, stable load retention, and safe unloading of static loads under harsh environmental conditions such as high temperature, strong vibration, and strong noise, while minimizing the impact on the dynamic characteristics of the tested structure.

[0007] Therefore, it is desired to have a technical solution to overcome or at least alleviate at least one of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of the present application is to provide a pure bending stress simulation-acoustic load-vibration combined loading test device to solve at least one problem existing in the prior art.

[0009] The technical solution of this application is:

[0010] A pure bending stress simulation-acoustic load-vibration combined loading test device, comprising: a high-acoustic-intensity traveling wave tube, a static loading module, a vibration table, and a test piece, wherein:

[0011] The high-intensity traveling wave tube is provided with an opening for accommodating the test piece;

[0012] The static loading module is installed on the vibration table and is used to statically load the test piece;

[0013] One end of the test piece extends into the high-intensity traveling wave tube through the opening, and the other end is connected to the static loading module.

[0014] In at least one embodiment of the present application, the high acoustic intensity traveling wave tube has a square cross section or a circular cross section.

[0015] In at least one embodiment of the present application, a microphone is installed on the high-intensity traveling wave tube, and the microphone is connected to an acoustic control system, through which the acoustic control system performs closed-loop control of the sound field in the high-intensity traveling wave tube.

[0016] In at least one embodiment of the present application, the static loading module includes: a support component, a loading component, and a static loading module controller, wherein:

[0017] The support assembly includes an electric cylinder support plate, a triangular support, a crossbeam, a high-strength mechanical hinge and a base;

[0018] The base is fixedly mounted on the vibration table, and four mounting bosses are provided on the base. The mounting bosses are grouped in pairs, and a loading assembly mounting space is formed between each group of mounting bosses.

[0019] The electric cylinder support plates include two, the electric cylinder support plates are fixedly overlapped between two mounting bosses in the same group, and the loading assembly mounting space is formed on the electric cylinder support plates;

[0020] The crossbeam is fixedly mounted on the base, and the crossbeam and the end structure of the base together form an opening frame;

[0021] The triangular supports are fixedly connected to the electric cylinder support plate and the crossbeam respectively;

[0022] One end of the high-strength mechanical hinge is fixedly connected to the mouth frame, and the other end is fixedly connected to the test piece, and the two sides of the test piece are connected to the mouth frame through the two high-strength mechanical hinges;

[0023] The loading assembly includes four groups, each of which is fixedly installed in the loading assembly installation space. The loading assembly includes a servo motor, an electric cylinder, a universal ball joint, and a force sensor. The servo motor is connected to the electric cylinder, and the telescopic end of the electric cylinder is connected in series with the force sensor and the universal ball joint.

[0024] The static loading module controller receives the signal from the force sensor and performs closed-loop control on the servo motor.

[0025] In at least one embodiment of the present application, a water cooling channel is provided inside the beam.

[0026] In at least one embodiment of the present application, four holes for static loading are opened in the middle of the test piece, and the test piece is connected to the universal ball joint through bolts.

[0027] In at least one embodiment of the present application, an accelerometer is installed on the vibration table, and the accelerometer is connected to a vibration controller, and the vibration table is closed-loop controlled by the vibration controller.

[0028] The utility model shall have at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0029] The pure bending stress simulation-acoustic load-vibration combined loading test device of the present application is based on the traditional multi-field coupling test device and the four-point bending static loading method. A new test device that can simultaneously load static, strong noise, and strong vibration loads is designed, and finally the pure bending stress simulation-acoustic load-vibration combined test of the thermal protection structure test piece is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a pure bending stress simulation-acoustic load-vibration combined loading test apparatus according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a pure bending stress simulation-acoustic load-vibration combined loading test device according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0032] in:

[0033] 1-High-intensity traveling wave tube; 2-Static loading module; 3-Vibration table; 4-Static loading module controller; 5-Servo motor; 6-Electric cylinder support plate; 7-Electric cylinder; 8-Triangular support; 9-Beam; 10-High-strength mechanical hinge; 11-Test piece; 12-Universal ball joint; 13-Force sensor; 14-Base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the implementation of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain this application, and should not be understood as limitations on this application. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application. The embodiments of this application are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0035] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0036] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 2This application is described in further detail.

[0037] The present application provides a pure bending stress simulation-acoustic loading-vibration combined loading test device, comprising: a high-acoustic-intensity traveling wave tube 1, a static loading module 2, a vibration table 3, and a test piece 11.

[0038] Specifically, a high-intensity traveling wave tube 1 is provided with an opening for accommodating a test piece 11. A static loading module 2 is mounted on a vibration table 3 and is used to statically load the test piece 11. One end of the test piece 11 extends through the opening into the high-intensity traveling wave tube 1, and the other end is connected to the static loading module 2. The high-intensity traveling wave tube 1 is used to load the test piece 11 with noise, the static loading module 2 is used to load the test piece 11 with static load, and the vibration table 3 is used to load the test piece 11 with vibration, ultimately achieving a combined static, acoustic, and vibration loading system.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the high-intensity traveling wave tube 1 is open on both sides, allowing a test piece 11 to be inserted into the tube and excited by the noise load. In this embodiment, the high-intensity traveling wave tube 1 can be designed with either a square or circular cross-section, depending on the shape of the test piece 11. A microphone is mounted on the high-intensity traveling wave tube 1 and connected to an acoustic control system, which provides closed-loop control of the sound field within the high-intensity traveling wave tube 1.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, in this embodiment, the static loading module 2 includes: a support component, a loading component and a static loading module controller 4 .

[0041] Among them, the support assembly includes an electric cylinder support plate 6, a triangular support 8, a crossbeam 9, a high-strength mechanical hinge 10 and a base 14; the base 14 is fixedly installed on the vibration table 3, and the two sides of the test piece 11 are connected to the base 14. Four mounting bosses are provided on the base 14, and the mounting bosses are grouped in pairs, and a loading assembly installation space is formed between each group of mounting bosses; the electric cylinder support plate 6 includes two, and the electric cylinder support plate 6 is fixedly overlapped between the two mounting bosses in the same group, and a loading assembly installation space is formed on the electric cylinder support plate 6; the crossbeam 9 is fixedly installed on the base 14, and the end structure of the crossbeam 9 and the base 14 jointly form a mouth frame. The crossbeam 9 is designed to be an internal hollow structure to form a water-cooling channel. During the test, in order to prevent the electric cylinder 7 from overheating, cooling water can be introduced into it to cool the static loading module 2 so that the electric cylinder 7 will not be damaged due to overheating. The triangular support 8 is fixedly connected to the electric cylinder support plate 6 and the crossbeam 9 respectively; one end of the high-strength mechanical hinge 10 is fixedly connected to the mouth frame, and the other end is fixedly connected to the test piece 11, and the two sides of the test piece 11 are connected to the mouth frame through two high-strength mechanical hinges 10.

[0042] The loading assembly includes four groups, which are fixedly installed in the loading assembly installation space. The loading assembly includes a servo motor 5, an electric cylinder 7, a universal ball joint 12 and a force sensor 13. The servo motor 5 is connected to the electric cylinder 7, and the telescopic end of the electric cylinder 7 is connected in series with the force sensor 13 and the universal ball joint 12.

[0043] The static loading module controller 4 receives the signal from the force sensor 13 and performs closed-loop control on the servo motor 5 .

[0044] The base 14 of the static loading module 2 is a sturdy load-bearing structure. The two sides of the test piece 11 can be installed on the base 14 to serve as two external pressure heads for four-point bending. Because the external pressure heads should not limit the local rotational freedom of the test piece 11, a high-strength mechanical hinge 10 can be used to realize the simply supported boundary. For four-point bending static loading, the area between the two internal pressure heads of the test piece 11 is the strain response control area. The area between the internal and external pressure heads actually provides a mechanical boundary, which can be understood as a supporting fixture. The displacement loading of the internal pressure head is realized by an electric cylinder 7. The electric cylinder 7 is firmly fixed on the base 14, and the servo motor 5 drives the electric cylinder 7 to extend and retract to realize point displacement loading. A force sensor 13 is installed at the front end of the electric cylinder 7 to measure the real-time force size of the current action point. There are also 4 reserved holes for static loading in the middle of the test piece 11. The test piece 11 and the universal ball joint 13 are firmly screwed together by M6 bolts. The threads of universal ball joint 13 and force sensor 14 are screwed together, and this mechanism transmits the force generated by the extension and contraction of servo motor 5 to test specimen 11. By designing static loading module 2 as described above, four independent electric cylinders 7 can be used to apply a static load to the back of test specimen 11, achieving a four-point bending method for loading pure bending displacement boundaries.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, a static loading module 2 is mounted on a vibration table 3. Lateral and vertical vibration loads can be applied via the vibration table 3. The vibration loads generated by the vibration table 3 are transmitted to the test piece 11 via the static loading module 2. An accelerometer is mounted on the vibration table 3, which is connected to a vibration controller, which performs closed-loop control of the vibration table 3.

[0046] The pure bending stress simulation-acoustic-vibration combined loading test device of this application uses closed-loop control to achieve precise control of noise load, static load, and vibration load. Moreover, each load is applied independently without mutual interference.

[0047] The pure bending stress simulation-acoustic-vibration combined loading test device proposed in this application can conduct tests under the combined action of static load, acoustic load, and vibration on key parts of hypersonic aircraft, such as the wing-rudder structure, nose cone, and air inlet. It can achieve precise control of the three loads and combined loading. Compared with traditional multi-field coupling test devices, the static loading module proposed in this application has significantly improved the accuracy of static loading control and the reduction of additional mass. It can simulate the pure bending stress of the structure without generating average stress, and has technical characteristics such as load controllability, simple structure, and easy operation.

[0048] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A pure bending stress simulation-acoustic load-vibration combined loading test device, characterized in that: include: A high-intensity traveling wave tube (1), a static loading module (2), a vibration table (3), and a test piece (11), wherein: The high-intensity traveling wave tube (1) is provided with an opening for accommodating the test piece (11); The static loading module (2) is installed on the vibration table (3) and is used to statically load the test piece (11); One end of the test piece (11) extends from the opening into the high-intensity traveling wave tube (1), and the other end is connected to the static loading module (2).

2. The pure bending stress simulation-acoustic load-vibration combined loading test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The high-acoustic-intensity traveling wave tube (1) has a square cross section or a circular cross section.

3. The pure bending stress simulation-acoustic load-vibration combined loading test device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A microphone is installed on the high-intensity traveling wave tube (1), and the microphone is connected to an acoustic control system, through which the acoustic control system performs closed-loop control on the sound field in the high-intensity traveling wave tube (1).

4. The pure bending stress simulation-acoustic load-vibration combined loading test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The static loading module (2) comprises: a support component, a loading component and a static loading module controller (4), wherein: The support assembly includes an electric cylinder support plate (6), a triangular support (8), a crossbeam (9), a high-strength mechanical hinge (10) and a base (14); The base (14) is fixedly mounted on the vibration table (3), and four mounting bosses are provided on the base (14), wherein the mounting bosses are grouped in pairs, and a loading component mounting space is formed between each group of mounting bosses; The electric cylinder support plates (6) include two, the electric cylinder support plates (6) are fixedly overlapped between two mounting bosses in the same group, and a loading component mounting space is formed on the electric cylinder support plates (6); The crossbeam (9) is fixedly mounted on the base (14), and the end structure of the crossbeam (9) and the base (14) together form an opening frame; The triangular support (8) is fixedly connected to the electric cylinder support plate (6) and the crossbeam (9) respectively; One end of the high-strength mechanical hinge (10) is fixedly connected to the mouth frame, and the other end is fixedly connected to the test piece (11), and the two sides of the test piece (11) are connected to the mouth frame through the two high-strength mechanical hinges (10); The loading assembly comprises four groups, each of which is fixedly mounted in the loading assembly installation space. The loading assembly comprises a servo motor (5), an electric cylinder (7), a universal ball joint (12), and a force sensor (13). The servo motor (5) is connected to the electric cylinder (7), and the telescopic end of the electric cylinder (7) is connected in series with the force sensor (13) and the universal ball joint (12). The static loading module controller (4) receives the signal from the force sensor (13) and performs closed-loop control on the servo motor (5).

5. The pure bending stress simulation-acoustic load-vibration combined loading test device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A water cooling channel is provided inside the crossbeam (9).

6. The pure bending stress simulation-acoustic load-vibration combined loading test device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Four holes for static loading are provided in the middle of the test piece (11), and the test piece (11) is connected to the universal ball joint (12) via bolts.

7. The pure bending stress simulation-acoustic load-vibration combined loading test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An accelerometer is installed on the vibration table (3), and the accelerometer is connected to a vibration controller, and closed-loop control is performed on the vibration table (3) through the vibration controller.

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