Water heating type biomass civil stove provided with water-cooled anti-slagging fire grate

Abstract

The utility model discloses a water-heating biomass civil stove provided with a water-cooled anti-slagging fire grate, which relates to the technical field of biomass heating stoves and comprises a stove body, a combustion chamber and a heat exchange chamber are arranged in the stove body, an ash chamber is arranged below the combustion chamber, and the ash chamber is provided with an ash discharge door; heat exchange modules are arranged in the heat exchange chamber, and a flue communicated with the combustion chamber and the smoke exhaust pipe is inserted between the heat exchange modules; a fire grate is installed in the combustion chamber and comprises a primary air channel, a water cooling channel and a fire grate upper plate, an inlet of the primary air channel is communicated with an air blower, and a primary air outlet hole facing the fire grate upper plate is formed in the primary air channel. An inlet of the water-cooling channel communicates with the circulating water inlet, an outlet of the water-cooling channel communicates with the heat exchange module, and circulating water is discharged through the circulating water outlet after being heated by the heat exchange module; the fire grate is cooled in a water cooling mode, the phenomenon of high-temperature slagging is avoided, and cooling water can enter circulating water after being used up for secondary heating and utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of biomass heating stoves, in particular to a water-heating biomass civilian stove equipped with a water-cooled anti-slagging grate. Background Art

[0002] Biomass fuels are rich in alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, which has the direct impact that the ash melting point of biomass fuels is often relatively low, which is particularly prone to slagging during direct combustion, gasification and other heat utilization processes. Moreover, if alkali metals enter the flue gas, they will condense on the heating surface and cause hard ash accumulation that is difficult to clean, seriously affecting the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchange tube bundle. Although traditional water-cooled vibrating grates and other equipment have been designed to overcome this pain point, the actual use effect is not satisfactory. This has led to a large number of biomass power plants, industrial boilers and civilian stoves preferring to use high-quality, relatively low-slagging but much more expensive wood biomass fuels, while straw biomass fuels, which are larger in quantity, cheaper but more prone to slagging, are often abandoned in most cases.

[0003] Therefore, in the process of gasification or combustion of biomass fuel (or high-alkali coal fuel), how to suppress the slagging problem in the oxidation zone caused by high alkali metal content has become a pain point and difficult problem in this field.

[0004] The Chinese invention patent application number 202410932298.3 proposes a water-cooled anti-slagging gasification combustion air outlet structure and its control method, such as Figure 2 As shown, the method utilizes a designed single-layer grate and a double-layer grate stacked in combination to reduce direct contact between the ash and the local high-temperature area, and the ash temporarily stored in the groove 21 is cooled by the surface of the water-cooled grate to avoid slagging and expansion; the grate 9 is cooled by a water-cooling cooling method using the water-cooling channel 902 in the grate 9; the gasified air is forced to blow in a direction parallel to the surface of the grate 9 after leaving the outlet of the grate 9, and the downstream concave surface or groove 21 can promote more air to flow through the area below the fuel 22 close to the surface of the grate 9, thereby forcing this area to become the local highest temperature area 23, greatly reducing the local high temperature in the fuel 22, thereby effectively suppressing slagging; the accompanying drawings Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the air flow direction and temperature distribution of a traditional grate. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the air flow direction and temperature after the new grate forces the air to turn.

[0005] The above patent provides a new idea for the air outlet method of the grate, which can better concentrate the combustion area of ​​the fuel in the area close to the surface of the grate, and prevent high-temperature slagging in the combustion area by cooling the grate; however, the cooling method of the grate of this scheme has certain shortcomings. In order to avoid a large amount of cooling water that cannot be collected and reused after use, resulting in heat waste, this scheme uses saturated temperature hot water to spray water on the grate to achieve cooling. The used cooling water is collected and cooled and then used as cooling water again. This saves water resources and avoids heat waste to a certain extent, but its structure is complex and it is not easy to be widely used. It is also not suitable for the use scenario of water-heating type heating furnaces. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a water-heating biomass civilian stove equipped with a water-cooled anti-slagging grate, which cools the grate by water cooling to avoid the phenomenon of high-temperature slagging. After the cooling water is used up, it can enter the circulating water for secondary heating and utilization.

[0007] The utility model includes a furnace body, which is provided with a combustion chamber and a heat exchange chamber, an ash chamber is provided below the combustion chamber, and the ash chamber is provided with an ash discharge door; a heat exchange module is provided in the heat exchange chamber, and a flue connecting the combustion chamber and the smoke exhaust pipe is interspersed between the heat exchange modules; it also includes a hopper, which is connected to a feeding device; a grate is installed in the combustion chamber, and the grate is provided with a primary air channel, a water cooling channel and a grate upper plate, the inlet of the primary air channel is connected to the blower, and the primary air channel is provided with a primary air outlet hole opening toward the upper surface of the grate upper plate; the inlet of the water cooling channel is connected to the circulating water inlet, and the outlet of the water cooling channel is connected to the heat exchange module, and the circulating water is heated by the heat exchange module and discharged through the circulating water outlet.

[0008] Preferably, an air guide plate is provided above the primary air outlet, and the air guide plate is arranged parallel to the grate upper plate.

[0009] Preferably, there are a plurality of grates which are arranged in parallel at intervals in the combustion chamber, and an ash dropout opening is formed between two adjacent grates.

[0010] Preferably, the upper plate of the grate is tilted toward the ash outlet.

[0011] Preferably, a secondary air duct is further installed on the side of the combustion chamber, and a secondary air outlet hole communicating with the combustion chamber is provided on the secondary air duct, and an inlet of the secondary air duct is connected to the blower.

[0012] Preferably, an induced draft fan is installed on the smoke exhaust pipe.

[0013] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The primary air channel is blown parallel to the grate surface, forcing more air to flow through the area below the fuel close to the grate surface, thus forcing this area to become the local highest temperature area. This avoids blowing air upward from the bottom of the grate like traditional stoves, which causes the fuel above to burn, generating high temperatures in the upper part and unable to dissipate heat in time, resulting in high-temperature slagging.

[0015] After the high-temperature area is gathered on the grate surface, the grate is cooled by the cooling water in the water-cooling channel. The used cooling water enters the heat exchange module of the water-heating furnace and is further heated. After reaching the set water temperature, it leaves through the circulating water outlet and then enters the user's heating system to provide heating for the user. Combining the cooling water and the water circulation of the heating furnace can effectively reuse the cooling water and the heat it carries, avoiding waste.

[0016] At the same time, the cooling water fills the entire water-cooling channel, and heating return water is used. The return water after heating is the water with the lowest temperature in the circulation pipeline of the entire heating system. The water temperature of the cooling water is lower and the cooling effect is better. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the air flow direction and temperature distribution of the traditional grate mentioned in the background technology;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the air flow direction and temperature after the new grate forced air to turn as cited in this patent in the background technology;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a front view of a water-heating biomass civilian stove equipped with a water-cooled anti-slagging grate according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a top cross-sectional view of a water-heating biomass civilian stove equipped with a water-cooled anti-slagging grate according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0022] In the figure: 1. Furnace body; 2. Combustion chamber; 3. Heat exchange chamber; 4. Heat exchange module; 5. Flue; 6. Exhaust pipe; 7. Hopper; 8. Feeding device; 9. Grate; 901. Primary air channel; 902. Water cooling channel; 903. Grate upper plate; 904. Primary air outlet; 905. Air guide plate; 10. Ash chamber; 11. Ash discharge door; 12. Blower; 13. Circulating water inlet; 14. Circulating water outlet; 15. Ash drop outlet; 16. Secondary air duct; 17. Secondary air outlet; 18. Induced draft fan; 19. Circulating return water supply main; 20. Furnace cover; 21. Groove; 22. Fuel; 23. High temperature area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] The directions mentioned in this specification are based on the directions of the water-heating biomass civilian stove equipped with a water-cooled anti-slagging grate of the present invention during normal operation, and do not limit the directions during storage and transportation. They only represent relative positions, not absolute positions.

[0025] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown in common, a water-heating biomass civilian stove equipped with a water-cooled anti-slagging grate includes a furnace body 1, a furnace cover 20 is provided above the furnace body 1, a combustion chamber 2 and a heat exchange chamber 3 are provided in the furnace body 1, a heat exchange module 4 is provided in the heat exchange chamber 3, the heat exchange module 4 is filled with circulating water, and a flue 5 is interspersed between the heat exchange modules 4, one end of the flue 5 is connected to the combustion chamber 2, and the other end of the flue 5 is connected to the exhaust pipe 6, and a draft fan 18 is installed on the exhaust pipe 6; the high-temperature flue gas generated in the combustion chamber 2 passes through the flue 5 of the heat exchange chamber 3, exchanges heat with the circulating water in the heat exchange chamber 3, and is finally discharged through the exhaust pipe 6 under the action of the draft fan 18; it also includes a hopper 7, the hopper 7 is used to store fuel, the hopper 7 is connected to the feeding device 8, the feeding device 8 is equipped with an auger, and the auger sends the fuel placed in the hopper 7 in advance to the grate 9 in the combustion chamber 2 for combustion according to a certain feeding speed.

[0026] A grate 9 is installed in the combustion chamber 2. The grate 9 is provided with a primary air channel 901, a water cooling channel 902 and a grate upper plate 903. There are several grates 9, which are arranged in parallel at intervals in the combustion chamber 2, thereby dividing the combustion chamber 2 into two upper and lower spaces. The upper part of the grate 9 is used to burn fuel, and the lower part of the grate 9 is provided with an ash chamber 10. The ash chamber 10 is used to temporarily store the ash produced by combustion. The ash chamber 10 is provided with an ash discharge door 11. The ash discharge door 11 is used to remove the ash in the ash chamber 10; an ash outlet 15 is formed between two adjacent grates 9, and the ash produced by fuel combustion falls into the ash chamber 10 through the ash outlet 15 between adjacent grates 9. The ash discharge door 11 is opened regularly to manually remove the ash in the ash chamber 10; the grate upper plate 903 is inclined toward the ash outlet 15. The inclined grate upper plate 903 is more conducive to the ash moving to the ash outlet 15 under the action of gravity, and finally discharged through the ash outlet 15.

[0027] The primary air channel 901 and the water-cooling channel 902 are arranged side by side, and the grate upper plate 903 is arranged above the water-cooling channel 902; the primary air channel 901 is provided with a primary air outlet hole 904 with an opening toward the upper surface of the grate upper plate 903, and a plurality of primary air outlet holes 904 are provided, which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the primary air channel 901. The inlet of the primary air channel 901 is connected to the blower 12, and the natural wind generated by the blower 12 passes through the primary air channel 901 and is blown out from the primary air outlet hole 904 to assist the combustion of the fuel in the combustion chamber 2.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the surface of the grate 9 is provided with grooves 21, and the grooves 21 are arranged along the air outlet direction of the primary air outlet hole 904; an air guide plate 905 is provided above the primary air outlet hole 904, and the air guide plate 905 is arranged parallel to the grate upper plate 903, so that the wind blown out from the primary air outlet hole 904 is parallel to the surface direction of the grate 9, and is blown out along the grooves 21 on the surface of the grate 9, so as to promote more air to flow through the area close to the surface of the grate 9 below the fuel, thereby forcing this area to become the local highest temperature area 23, which is convenient for the cooling water below the grate upper plate 903 to quickly cool down and prevent the generation of high-temperature slagging.

[0029] The inlet of the water-cooling channel 902 is connected to the circulating water inlet 13, and the outlet of the water-cooling channel 902 is connected to the heat exchange module 4; the return water after heating is the water with the lowest temperature in the circulation pipeline of the entire heating system. After the return water is pressurized by the water pump, it first enters the circulating return water supply main 19 through the circulating water inlet 13, and then dispersed into the water-cooling channel 902 of each grate 9 to cool the grate 9; after the cooling water absorbs the heat of the grate 9, it enters the heat exchange module 4 of the stove through the other end outlet on the grate 9 to continue absorbing heat. After reaching the set water temperature, it leaves through the circulating water outlet 14, and then enters the user's heating system to dissipate heat. The cooling water of the grate 9 is collected in the water circulation of the heating furnace itself for secondary heating and utilization to save water resources and heat and avoid waste.

[0030] Because biomass fuel has the characteristic of high volatility, a secondary air duct 16 is also installed on the upper side of the combustion chamber 2. The secondary air duct 16 is provided with a secondary air outlet hole 17 connected to the combustion chamber 2, and the inlet of the secondary air duct 16 is connected to the blower 12; the air generated by the blower 12 is divided into two streams. The first stream of air first enters the primary air channel 901 of each grate 9, and then is sprayed into the combustion chamber 2 through the primary air outlet hole 904 in a direction parallel to the surface of the grate 9 to assist the combustion of the fuel. The flue gas generated by the combustion flows upward along the combustion chamber 2, and then leaves the stove through the heat exchange chamber 3, the flue 5, the induced draft fan 18 and the exhaust pipe 6 in turn; the second stream of air first enters the secondary air duct 16, and then is evenly sprayed into the space in the combustion chamber 2 through a row of secondary air outlet holes 17 thereon to assist the combustion.

[0031] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-heating biomass civilian stove equipped with a water-cooled anti-slagging grate, comprising a stove body (1), wherein a combustion chamber (2) and a heat exchange chamber (3) are provided in the stove body (1), an ash chamber (10) is provided below the combustion chamber (2), and the ash chamber (10) is provided with an ash discharge door (11); a heat exchange module (4) is provided in the heat exchange chamber (3), and a flue (5) connecting the combustion chamber (2) and the exhaust pipe (6) is interspersed between the heat exchange modules (4); and further comprising a hopper (7), wherein the hopper (7) is connected to a feeding device (8), and is characterized in that: A grate (9) is installed in the combustion chamber (2), and the grate (9) is provided with a primary air channel (901), a water cooling channel (902) and a grate upper plate (903); the inlet of the primary air channel (901) is connected to the blower (12), and the primary air channel (901) is provided with a primary air outlet (904) opening toward the upper surface of the grate upper plate (903); the inlet of the water cooling channel (902) is connected to the circulating water inlet (13), and the outlet of the water cooling channel (902) is connected to the heat exchange module (4); the circulating water is heated by the heat exchange module (4) and then discharged through the circulating water outlet (14).

2. A water-heating biomass civilian stove equipped with a water-cooled anti-slagging grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air guide plate (905) is provided above the primary air outlet hole (904), and the air guide plate (905) is arranged parallel to the grate upper plate (903).

3. A water-heating biomass civilian stove equipped with a water-cooled anti-slagging grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of grates (9) are provided and arranged in parallel at intervals in the combustion chamber (2), and an ash drop opening (15) is formed between two adjacent grates (9).

4. A water-heating biomass civilian stove equipped with a water-cooled anti-slagging grate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The grate upper plate (903) is tilted toward the ash drop opening (15).

5. A water-heating biomass civilian stove equipped with a water-cooled anti-slagging grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: A secondary air duct (16) is also installed on the side of the combustion chamber (2). The secondary air duct (16) is provided with a secondary air outlet hole (17) connected to the combustion chamber (2). The inlet of the secondary air duct (16) is connected to the blower (12).

6. A water-heating biomass civilian stove equipped with a water-cooled anti-slagging grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: An induced draft fan (18) is installed on the smoke exhaust pipe (6).

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