Backflow type ice wind tunnel capable of simulating sand-containing ice crystal-containing environment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a backflow type icing wind tunnel capable of simulating a sand-containing ice crystal-containing environment, which belongs to the technical field of wind tunnels and comprises a wind tunnel body, a liquid particulate matter injection system, a solid particulate matter injection system, a phase change particulate matter injection system, a temperature control system, a pressure control system and a plurality of power systems. The wind tunnel body is sequentially provided with a stable section, a contraction section, a test section, a first expansion section and a second expansion section, and the liquid particulate matter injection system and the solid particulate matter injection system are both installed on the stable section. According to the backflow type icing wind tunnel capable of simulating the sand-containing and ice-crystal-containing environment, the content of sand and dust, the content of ice crystals and the content of liquid water in the wind tunnel body can be adjusted, and the temperature in the wind tunnel body can be adjusted, so that more complex weather can be simulated in the wind tunnel body, the accuracy of experimental data is ensured, and the experimental efficiency is improved. Therefore, the reliability and the safety of the aircraft in an extreme environment are improved, and the test efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of wind tunnel testing, specifically relating to a recirculating ice wind tunnel that can simulate a sandy and ice-crystal-containing environment. Background Technology

[0002] In many engineering applications, particularly in aerospace, environmental testing, and materials science, simulating and studying the effects of extreme environmental conditions is crucial. These conditions typically involve temperature variations, high wind speeds, and the presence of particulate matter such as dust or ice crystals. In particular, the interactions between ice particles and various materials, including surface erosion and their impact on the aerodynamic properties of components, require accurate simulation in controlled laboratory environments.

[0003] Currently, wind tunnels are widely used to simulate high-speed airflow and study the behavior of objects exposed to such conditions. However, traditional wind tunnels are primarily used to simulate different airflow velocities and temperatures. While they can individually simulate dust storms or ice crystals, they lack integrated systems capable of simultaneously reproducing the backflow environment where dust and ice crystals coexist. This limitation prevents researchers and engineers from conducting more comprehensive studies of materials, equipment, and structures in the laboratory, especially those objects that may operate in extreme dynamic environments, such as outer space, polar regions, or desert environments with high wind speeds and icy precipitation.

[0004] Existing ice wind tunnels typically focus on simulating the effects of low temperatures and ice accumulation on objects, but they fail to simultaneously account for the presence of particulate matter such as dust, which can significantly influence ice crystal formation and airflow patterns. On the other hand, sandblasting chambers simulating dust impacts often fail to account for the presence of ice or the interaction between particulate matter and low temperatures. Therefore, these simulations may not fully reproduce the challenges faced by objects in extreme environments where both ice crystal deposition and dust erosion occur simultaneously.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an advanced wind tunnel system capable of simulating environments containing dust and ice crystals. Such a system would enable researchers to test and evaluate materials, coatings, and designs under more realistic environmental conditions, providing deeper insights into their performance, durability, and behavior in extreme and realistic environments. This invention aims to fill this gap by providing an innovative recirculating ice wind tunnel capable of simulating environments where ice crystals and dust particles coexist, thereby enabling more comprehensive and accurate testing of materials and systems under these challenging conditions. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a recirculating ice wind tunnel that can simulate a sandy and ice-crystal-containing environment, solving the problem that existing wind tunnel platforms are unable to simulate wind tunnel environments with controllable diameters of sand particles, ice crystals, and droplets.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A recirculating ice wind tunnel capable of simulating a sand-containing and ice-crystal-containing environment includes an environmental experimental chamber, a liquid particulate matter injection system, a solid particulate matter injection system, a phase change particulate matter injection system, a temperature control system, a pressure control system, and multiple power systems. The environmental experimental chamber includes a closed-loop recirculating wind tunnel, a sand-spraying device, an annular spray device, a cooling device, an annular spray device, a fan, a guide plate, and a honeycomb device. A model replacement hatch is installed on the top of the test section of the closed-loop recirculating wind tunnel, and a personnel access door is installed on the side of the test section. The honeycomb device is installed at the inlet of the stable section of the closed-loop recirculating wind tunnel. The sandblasting device and the annular spray device are installed in the stable section of the closed-loop wind tunnel and located behind the honeycomb unit. The test section of the closed-loop wind tunnel is located behind the sandblasting device and the annular spray device. The cooling device and the annular spray device are combined to form a phase change particulate matter injection system and are located behind the fan to provide ice crystals in the simulated environment for the test section. The closed-loop wind tunnel is connected to the solid particulate matter injection system and the liquid particulate matter injection system. The solid particulate matter injection system and the liquid particulate matter injection system provide sand and dust particles and liquid particles. The sandblasting device and the annular spray device disperse particles in a flow-oriented manner. The cooling system is used to provide a cooling source.

[0008] Furthermore, the phase change particulate matter injection system comprises a liquid particulate matter injection system and a refrigeration device located at its front end. The liquid particulate matter injection system includes a high-pressure liquid tank, a bypass valve, a heater, a filter, a high-precision flow meter, a liquid nozzle, a pressure gauge, a pressure regulating valve, and an air compressor. The air compressor is connected to the high-pressure liquid tank via an air circuit, with a pressure regulating valve in between. The water circuit between the air compressor, the filter, and the high-precision flow meter is connected via an air circuit, with a bypass valve in between. The air compressor is connected to the liquid nozzle via an air circuit, with a pressure regulating valve and a pressure gauge in between. The high-pressure liquid tank is connected to the heater, filter, high-precision flow meter, and liquid nozzle via a water circuit.

[0009] Furthermore, the injection system includes a liquid particulate injection system and a solid particulate injection system, which share the same air compressor. The solid particulate injection system includes an air compressor, a solid particulate storage box, a solid particulate inlet valve, and a solid particulate nozzle. The air compressor is connected to the solid particulate storage box and the solid particulate nozzle in sequence through an air circuit. A solid particulate inlet valve is provided above the solid particulate storage box.

[0010] Furthermore, in the aforementioned phase change particulate matter injection system, the injected liquid particles are transformed from liquid to solid before reaching the test section through the fan, guide plate, honeycomb device, stabilization section, and contraction section. Together with the sand and dust sprayed by the sandblasting device and the annular spraying device installed in the stabilization section, they reach the test section to simulate icing tests under extreme environments.

[0011] Furthermore, the annular spray device is based on the axis of the test section of the closed-loop wind tunnel, with liquid nozzles evenly distributed in an annular shape.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0013] 1. Unlike existing wind tunnel technologies, which typically simulate only a single ice or dust environment, this invention can simultaneously introduce ice crystals and dust particles into the airflow. This dual simulation capability provides a more comprehensive testing environment for industries such as aerospace, automotive, and materials science, especially in these industries where objects or components may be subjected to multiple harsh environmental conditions simultaneously. It can simulate natural environments where ice and sand coexist (e.g., conditions in arid or high-altitude regions), filling a gap in existing technologies.

[0014] 2. A major benefit of this invention is its ability to precisely control air and particulate matter. In traditional wind tunnels, controlling the dynamics of particulate matter is a challenge, often leading to inaccurate and unreliable test results. This invention provides a precise mechanism to simulate icing in a mixture of ice and sand, ensuring that the flow dynamics within the wind tunnel better simulate real-world turbulence conditions. This precise control improves the accuracy of material testing and performance evaluation.

[0015] 3. It provides the ability to simulate complex meteorological phenomena, such as sandstorms, which typically occur in extreme environments, such as high-altitude arid regions. This capability makes this invention valuable in fields such as climate research, materials science, and environmental testing. It helps researchers better understand the icing behavior of objects in these special environments. By simultaneously simulating ice and sand environments in the same wind tunnel system and precisely controlling the temperature, this invention provides more accurate, flexible, and efficient extreme environmental condition testing than existing technologies. It significantly enhances the research capabilities of materials and systems facing complex and harsh environments, providing significant benefits for the development and application of related industries. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2Figures of the solid particulate matter injection device and the liquid particulate matter injection device provided by this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 A nozzle distribution diagram of the annular spray device provided by this utility model.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0021] 1. Stabilization section; 2. Sandblasting device; 3. First annular spray device; 4. Contraction section; 5. Test section; 6. First diffusion section; 7. Second diffusion section; 8. Refrigeration device; 9. Second annular spray device; 10. Fan; 11. Guide plate; 12. Honeycomb unit; 13. High-pressure liquid tank; 14. Bypass valve; 15. Heater; 16. Filter; 17. High-precision flow meter; 18. Liquid nozzle; 19. Pressure gauge; 20. Pressure regulating valve; 21. Solid nozzle; 22. Solid particle inlet valve; 23. Solid particle storage box; 24. Air compressor. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0023] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Example:

[0025] See attached document Figure 1 and Figure 2A recirculating ice wind tunnel capable of simulating sandy and ice-crystal-containing environments includes an environmental experimental chamber, a liquid particulate matter injection system, a solid particulate matter injection system, a phase change particulate matter injection system, a temperature control system, a pressure control system, and multiple power systems. The environmental experimental chamber comprises a closed-loop recirculating wind tunnel, a sand-spraying device 2, a first annular spray device 3, a first diffusion section 6, a second diffusion section 7, a cooling device 8, a second annular spray device 9, a fan 10, a guide plate 11, and a honeycomb device 12. The fan 10, with adjustable wind speed, is installed at the power section of the closed-loop recirculating wind tunnel. A model replacement hatch is installed on the top of the test section 5 of the closed-loop recirculating wind tunnel for easy model replacement. A personnel entrance / exit is installed on the side of the test section 5 of the closed-loop recirculating wind tunnel. The honeycomb device 12 is installed at the inlet of the stable section of the closed-loop recirculating wind tunnel, allowing airflow to reach... The test section is more stable. The sand spraying device 2 and the first annular spraying device 3 are installed in the stable section of the closed-loop wind tunnel and are located behind the honeycomb unit 12 to simulate the sand-containing and supercooled large droplet environment. The test section 5 of the closed-loop wind tunnel is located behind the sand spraying device 2 and the first annular spraying device 3. The test model is installed inside the test section 5 at the required angle for icing test. The refrigeration device 8 and the second annular spraying device 9 are combined to form a phase change particulate matter injection system and are located behind the fan 10 to provide the test section with ice crystals in the simulated environment and the low temperature of the test section. The closed-loop wind tunnel is connected to the solid particulate matter injection system and the liquid particulate matter injection system. The solid particulate matter injection system and the liquid particulate matter injection system provide sand and dust particles and liquid particles. The sand spraying device 2 and the first annular spraying device 3 disperse particles in a downflow manner.

[0026] See attached document Figure 1 and Figure 2 The phase change particulate matter injection system consists of a second annular spray device 9 and a refrigeration device 8 located in front of it. The liquid particulate matter injection system includes a high-pressure liquid tank 13, a bypass valve 14, a heater 15, a filter 16, a high-precision flow meter 17, a liquid nozzle 18, a pressure gauge 19, a pressure regulating valve 20, and an air compressor 24. The air compressor 24 is connected to the high-pressure liquid tank 13 through an air circuit, with a pressure regulating valve in between. The water circuit between the air compressor 24, the filter 16, and the high-precision flow meter 17 is connected through an air circuit, with a bypass valve in between. The air compressor 24 is connected to the liquid nozzle 18 through an air circuit, with a pressure regulating valve 20 and a pressure gauge 19 in between. The high-pressure liquid tank 13 is connected to the heater 15, the filter 16, the high-precision flow meter 17, and the liquid nozzle 18 through a water circuit.

[0027] See attached document Figure 1 and Figure 2The spraying system includes a liquid particulate spraying system and a solid particulate spraying system, which share the same air compressor 24. The solid particulate spraying system includes an air compressor 24, a solid particulate storage box 23, a solid particulate inlet valve 22, and a solid particulate nozzle 21. The air compressor 24 is connected to the solid particulate storage box 23 and the solid particulate nozzle 21 through an air circuit. The solid particulate inlet valve 22 is located above the particulate storage box 23 and uses high-pressure gas to drive the solid particulates out.

[0028] See attached document Figure 1 and Figure 2 The phase change particulate matter spraying system described above transforms the sprayed liquid particles from liquid to solid before reaching the test section 5 via the fan 10, guide plate 11, honeycomb device 12, stabilizing section 1, and contraction section 4. Combined with the sand and dust sprayed by the sand spraying device 2 and the first annular spraying device 3 installed in the stabilizing section 1, the liquid particles reach the test section 5 together, thus simulating an icing test under a sand-containing and ice-crystal-containing environment.

[0029] See attached document Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The first annular spray device 3 is based on the axis of the test section of the closed-loop wind tunnel, with liquid nozzles 18 evenly distributed in an annular shape.

[0030] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A recirculating ice wind tunnel capable of simulating sandy and ice-crystal-containing environments, comprising an environmental experimental chamber, a liquid particulate matter injection system, a solid particulate matter injection system, a phase change particulate matter injection system, a temperature control system, a pressure control system, and multiple power systems, characterized in that: The environmental test chamber includes a closed-loop wind tunnel, a stabilization section (1), a contraction section (4), a test section (5), a sandblasting device (2), a first annular spray device (3), a first diffusion section (6), a second diffusion section (7), a cooling device (8), a second annular spray device (9), a fan (10), a guide plate (11), and a honeycomb device (12). The fan (10) is installed in the power section of the closed-loop wind tunnel. The honeycomb device (12) is installed at the inlet of the stabilization section (1) of the closed-loop wind tunnel. The sandblasting device (2) 2) The first annular spray device (3) is installed in the stable section (1) of the closed-loop wind tunnel and is located behind the honeycomb unit (12). The test section (5) of the closed-loop wind tunnel is located behind the sand spraying device (2) and the first annular spray device (3). The cooling device (8) and the second annular spray device (9) are combined to form a phase change particulate matter spraying system and are located behind the fan (10). The closed-loop wind tunnel is connected to the solid particulate matter spraying system and the liquid particulate matter spraying system. The cooling device (8) is used to provide a cooling source.

2. The recirculating ice wind tunnel that can simulate a sandy and ice-crystal-containing environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change particulate matter injection system includes a second annular spray device (9), a high-pressure liquid tank (13), a bypass valve (14), a heater (15), a filter (16), a high-precision flow meter (17), a liquid nozzle (18), a pressure gauge (19), a pressure regulating valve (20), and an air compressor (24). The air compressor (24) is connected to the high-pressure liquid tank (13) via an air circuit. The water circuit between the air compressor (24), the filter (16), and the high-precision flow meter (17) is connected via an air circuit. The bypass valve (14) is located between the air compressor (24), the filter (16), and the high-precision flow meter (17). The air compressor (24) is connected to the liquid nozzle (18) via an air circuit. A pressure regulating valve (20) and a pressure gauge (19) are installed in the middle. The high-pressure liquid tank (13) is connected to the heater (15), the filter (16), the high-precision flow meter (17), and the liquid nozzle (18) via a water circuit.

3. A recirculating ice wind tunnel capable of simulating a sandy and ice-crystal-containing environment, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that: The liquid particulate matter injection system and the solid particulate matter injection system share the same air compressor (24). The solid particulate matter injection system includes an air compressor (24), a solid particulate matter storage box (23), a solid particulate matter inlet valve (22), and a solid particulate matter nozzle (21). The air compressor (24) is connected to the solid particulate matter storage box (23) and the solid particulate matter nozzle (21) through an air circuit. The solid particulate matter inlet valve (22) is located above the solid particulate matter storage box (23).

4. The recirculating ice wind tunnel that can simulate a sandy and ice-crystal-containing environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first annular spray device (3) is based on the axis of the test section (5) of the closed-loop wind tunnel, with annularly distributed liquid nozzles (18).

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