Underground lysimeter device
By designing an underground lysimeter device, combined with an automatic irrigation system and a sand and gravel filter layer, the problem of existing lysimeters being unable to accurately simulate soil moisture evaporation was solved, enabling precise control and monitoring of infiltrated water, improving monitoring accuracy, and reducing operating costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520260507.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-05
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-02-18
AI Technical Summary
Existing lysimeters lack automatic irrigation systems, and infiltration water needs to be manually operated, making it impossible to accurately simulate the actual evaporation of soil moisture. Furthermore, there are problems with infiltration water retention and low monitoring accuracy.
An underground euryptomography device was designed, comprising a cultivation box, drip irrigation pipe, drainage pump and controller, combined with a sand and gravel filter layer and a diversion plate, to achieve automatic irrigation and precise control and collection of infiltration water, ensuring the cleanliness and smooth flow of infiltration water.
It enables precise control of automatic irrigation and drainage of infiltrated water by lysimeter devices, improves the accuracy of soil moisture monitoring and the stability of equipment, reduces operating costs and extends service life.
Smart Images
Figure CN223637319U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to soil moisture monitoring technical field especially relates to a underground lysimeter device. BACKGROUND
[0002] Water-saving irrigation of crops is very important in the related industry of agriculture and forestry. Lysimeter can monitor the effective irrigation amount of crops in real time, measure the water absorption amount of plants, the water holding capacity of soil and the water infiltration amount of soil, and other parameters. By determining the soil infiltration water amount, i.e. the ineffective irrigation, the effective irrigation amount, i.e. the total amount of water absorption and water holding of soil, can be determined, so as to realize water-saving irrigation and reduce the waste of water resources.
[0003] The current lysimeter usually does not have an automatic irrigation system, and the irrigation and drainage of the lysimeter need to be operated manually. Some lysimeters are arranged outdoors, so that the cultivation conditions of crops are greatly different from the actual cultivation conditions, and the actual evapotranspiration of soil moisture cannot be accurately simulated. Meanwhile, the lysimeter is often accompanied by soil flowing with the infiltration water, the infiltration water cannot be effectively filtered, the lysimeter also has the problem of infiltration water storage, and the collection of the infiltration water is not complete, so that the monitoring accuracy is not high. SUMMARY
[0004] The utility model provides a underground lysimeter device, this device can simulate crop actual cultivation condition, accurate control irrigation amount and collection infiltration water, collection infiltration water is fast and clean, whole structure is stable, configuration is flexible, cost and operation cost are lower, it is convenient for maintenance and maintenance, long service life.
[0005] The above-mentioned purpose of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:
[0006] A underground lysimeter device, including setting up in the cultivation box of underground room, the cultivation box is the cylinder of upper opening, the top of cultivation box protrudes ground and is linked with outside, be equipped with soil in the cultivation box, plant crops in the soil, the bottom of cultivation box one side is equipped with the drainage cylinder that communicates with its inner chamber, the bottom of cultivation box is equipped with the drainage passage of drainage to drainage cylinder, the bottom of drainage cylinder is equipped with the drain pipe, is connected drainage pump on the drain pipe, the upper opening of cultivation box is equipped with drip irrigation pipe, drip irrigation pipe connects water inlet valve, water inlet valve and drainage pump are electrically connected controller respectively.
[0007] The above-mentioned underground lysimeter device, wherein the drainage passage is the drainage plate that the inside bottom of cultivation box is inclined to the direction of drainage cylinder, the periphery of drainage plate is sealedly connected with the inside wall of cultivation box.
[0008] The above-mentioned underground lysimeter device, wherein the drainage plate is paved with sandstone filter layer.
[0009] The underground evapotranspiration instrument device, wherein the sand filtering layer comprises a large-granularity sand layer, a medium-granularity sand layer and a small-granularity sand layer which are sequentially laid from top to bottom.
[0010] The underground evapotranspiration instrument device, wherein the drainage cylinder is cylindrical and horizontally arranged.
[0011] The underground evapotranspiration instrument device, wherein a drainage pipe is arranged between the cultivation box and the drainage cylinder, the drainage pipe is provided with two inlets which are arranged at two sides of the drainage cylinder along the length direction of the drainage cylinder, the inlet of the drainage pipe is opposite to the small-granularity sand layer, and a screen is arranged at the inlet of the drainage pipe.
[0012] The underground evapotranspiration instrument device, wherein the drainage cylinder is provided with an upper through hole and a lower through hole which are arranged at one side of the drainage cylinder along the vertical direction, and a transparent seepage indicating pipe is sealingly and communicatively arranged between the upper through hole and the lower through hole.
[0013] The underground evapotranspiration instrument device, wherein the lower part of the cultivation box is provided with a supporting base, the upper part of the supporting base is abutted against the cultivation box, and the lower part of the supporting base is abutted against the base surface of the basement.
[0014] The underground evapotranspiration instrument device, wherein the distance between the top of the cultivation box and the ground is 15-20 cm, the top of the cultivation box is covered with a rainproof cloth, the crops extend out of the rainproof cloth, and the drip irrigation pipes are arranged inside the rainproof cloth.
[0015] The underground evapotranspiration instrument device, wherein the drip irrigation pipes are provided with two, and the two drip irrigation pipes are arranged at two sides of the crops and parallel to each other.
[0016] In conclusion, the underground evapotranspiration instrument device has the following beneficial technical effects:
[0017] The main device is arranged in the underground environment, the cultivation conditions of the crops in the actual soil and environment can be simulated, the soil water movement process and the crop transpiration water consumption law can be accurately monitored, the drip irrigation water amount of the drip irrigation pipes is controlled by the controller, the seepage water is discharged at the set time and weighed, and the monitoring of the soil evapotranspiration amount is realized.
[0018] The drainage channel and the sand filtering layer are arranged, the soil and sand particles can be filtered, the seepage water flowing into the drainage cylinder is clean and smooth, and the storage of the seepage water in the cultivation box is avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0019] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the basement of the underground evapotranspiration instrument device;
[0020] Figure 2It is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model is buried in the ground.
[0021] Fig. shows, 1, basement;12, ground;2, cultivation box;21, soil;22, crop;23, drainage plate;24, sand filter layer;241, large-grained sand layer;242, medium-grained sand layer;243, small-grained sand layer;3, drainage cylinder;31, liquid-permeation indicating pipe;4, drain pipe;41, drainage pump;5, drip irrigation pipe;6, drainage pipe;61, screen;7, support seat;8, rain cloth;9, escalator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The following will be combined with the attached Figure 1 、 2 The utility model is further explained in detail.
[0023] As Figure 1 shown, a kind of underground lysimeter device, including being arranged in the cultivation box 2 of basement 1, cultivation box 2 is the cylinder of upper opening, the top of cultivation box 2 is out of ground 12 and is communicated with outside, cultivation box 2 is equipped with soil 21, crop 22 is planted in soil 21, the bottom of cultivation box 2 side is equipped with the drainage cylinder 3 being communicated with its inner cavity, the bottom of cultivation box 2 is equipped with the drainage passage of drainage to drainage cylinder, the bottom of drainage cylinder 3 is equipped with drain pipe 4, and drain pipe 4 is connected drainage pump 41;Upper opening of cultivation box 2 is equipped with drip irrigation pipe 5, and drip irrigation pipe 5 is connected inlet valve;Inlet valve and drainage pump 41 are electrically connected controller respectively.
[0024] The controller can control the irrigation amount of drip irrigation pipe 5 by controlling the flow size and time of inlet valve, and the controller can control drainage pump 41 to open at set time, to realize the discharge of liquid permeation in drainage cylinder 3 and the weighing of liquid permeation. The setting can realize automatic drip irrigation water replenishment and discharge of permeation water of lysimeter.
[0025] Two roots of drip irrigation pipe 5 in the embodiment are provided, and the two drip irrigation pipes 5 are located on the two sides of crop 22 and are arranged in parallel.
[0026] In order to ensure that the permeation water after drip irrigation can flow smoothly into drainage cylinder 3, the drainage passage of the embodiment is drainage plate 23 inclined to the direction of drainage cylinder 3 at the inner bottom of cultivation box 2, and the periphery of drainage plate 23 is sealingly connected with the inner side wall of cultivation box 2. The side wall of cultivation box 2 and the upper surface of drainage plate 23 are coated with a corrosion-resistant coating.
[0027] In order to prevent soil 21 in cultivation box 2 from entering drainage cylinder 3 with liquid permeation, sand filter layer 24 is laid on drainage plate 23.
[0028] Specifically, the sand filter layer 24 of the embodiment includes, from top to bottom, a large-grained sand layer 241, a medium-grained sand layer 242, and a small-grained sand layer 243. By arranging the three-layer sand filter layer 24, soil flowing with the seepage liquid can be filtered out, and clean seepage liquid can be uniformly infiltrated to the drainage cylinder 3.
[0029] The drainage cylinder 3 of the embodiment is in a cylindrical shape and arranged horizontally.
[0030] The drainage pipe 6 is arranged between the cultivation box 2 and the drainage cylinder 3. In the embodiment, two drainage pipes 6 are arranged along the two sides of the length direction of the drainage cylinder 3. The inlet of the drainage pipe 6 is opposite to the small-grained sand layer 243. A screen 61 is arranged at the inlet of the drainage pipe 6, which can effectively prevent sand particles from entering the drainage cylinder 3.
[0031] As shown in Figure 1 In order to intuitively understand the amount of seepage liquid in the drainage cylinder 3, an upper through hole and a lower through hole are arranged on one side of the drainage cylinder 3 in the up-down direction. The upper through hole and the lower through hole are respectively sealed and communicated with a transparent seepage liquid indicating pipe 31. The seepage liquid indicating pipe 31 is arranged vertically. Since the seepage liquid indicating pipe 31 is communicated with the drainage cylinder 3, the seepage liquid in the drainage cylinder 3 is at the same height as the seepage liquid in the seepage liquid indicating pipe 31. The amount of seepage liquid in the drainage cylinder 3 can be intuitively and conveniently understood through the transparent seepage liquid indicating pipe 31. When the drainage pipe 6 is blocked, it can be found in time. The change of the amount of water for crop drip irrigation and the amount of seepage water can also be monitored in real time.
[0032] The lower part of the cultivation box 2 is provided with a support seat 7. The upper part of the support seat 7 abuts against the cultivation box 2, and the lower part of the support seat 7 abuts against the base surface of the basement 1. The support seat 7 can isolate the cultivation box 2 from the base surface of the basement 1, thereby reducing the rust of the cultivation box 2.
[0033] The distance between the top of the cultivation box 2 and the ground 12 is 15-20 cm. The top opening of the cultivation box 2 is covered with a rainproof cloth 8. The crop 22 extends out of the rainproof cloth 8, and the drip irrigation pipe 5 is located inside the rainproof cloth 8. The rainproof cloth 8 can prevent the entry of external rainwater and the falling of sundries, and can also reduce the evaporation of water in the cultivation box 2, thereby ensuring the monitoring accuracy.
[0034] The basement 1 is provided with a staircase 9 for facilitating personnel to enter and exit the basement 1, so as to observe the change of the seepage water in the drainage cylinder 3 and weigh the seepage water after discharge. The staircase 9 is also convenient for the maintenance and repair of the lysimeter.
[0035] As shown in Figure 2 In order to reduce the construction cost of the lysimeter, the lysimeter device can also be buried in the ground, and the drainage pipe 4 can be led to the ground.
[0036] The infiltration instrument buried in the ground can control the irrigation amount of the drip irrigation pipe 5 by controlling the flow size and time of the water inlet valve through the controller, the controller can control the drainage pump 41 to be opened at a set time, the infiltration water in the drainage cylinder 3 is pumped to above the ground, and the infiltration water is weighed.
[0037] The embodiments of the specific embodiment are the preferred embodiments of the utility model, and do not limit the protection scope of the utility model, so that: equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the utility model should be covered in the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. An underground lysimeter apparatus, characterized in that, The application relates to a cultivation box arranged in a basement, which is a top-open cylinder, the top of the cultivation box extends out of the ground and communicates with the outside, soil is arranged in the cultivation box, crops are planted in the soil, a drainage cylinder which communicates with the inner cavity of the cultivation box is arranged at the bottom of one side of the cultivation box, a drainage channel which drains water to the drainage cylinder is arranged at the bottom of the cultivation box, a drainage pipe is arranged at the bottom of the drainage cylinder, and the drainage pipe is connected with a drainage pump; a drip irrigation pipe is arranged at the top opening of the cultivation box, and the drip irrigation pipe is connected with a water inlet valve; and the water inlet valve and the drainage pump are respectively electrically connected with a controller.
2. The lysimeter apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The drainage channel is a drainage plate which is inclined to the drainage cylinder at the bottom of the inner side of the cultivation box, and the periphery of the drainage plate is sealingly connected with the inner side wall of the cultivation box.
3. The lysimeter apparatus of claim 2, wherein, A sandstone filtering layer is arranged on the drainage plate.
4. The lysimeter apparatus of claim 3, wherein, The sandstone filtering layer comprises a large-granularity sandstone layer, a medium-granularity sandstone layer and a small-granularity sandstone layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.
5. The lysimeter apparatus of claim 4, wherein, A drainage pipe is arranged between the cultivation box and the drainage cylinder, the drainage pipe is provided with two inlets and is distributed along the two sides of the length direction of the drainage cylinder, the inlet of the drainage pipe is opposite to the small-granularity sandstone layer, and a screen is arranged at the inlet of the drainage pipe.
6. The lysimeter apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The drainage cylinder is in a cylindrical shape and is horizontally arranged.
7. The lysimeter apparatus of claim 1, wherein, An upper through hole and a lower through hole are arranged on one side of the drainage cylinder in the up-down direction, and a transparent liquid permeation indicating pipe is sealingly and communicatively arranged between the upper through hole and the lower through hole.
8. The lysimeter apparatus of claim 1, wherein, A supporting seat is arranged at the lower part of the cultivation box, the upper part of the supporting seat abuts against the cultivation box, and the lower part of the supporting seat abuts against the base surface of the basement.
9. The lysimeter apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The distance between the top of the cultivation box and the ground is 15-20 cm, a rainproof cloth covers the top opening of the cultivation box, the crops extend out of the rainproof cloth, and the drip irrigation pipes are arranged inside the rainproof cloth.
10. The lysimeter apparatus of claim 9, wherein, The drip irrigation pipes are provided with two, and the two drip irrigation pipes are arranged on the two sides of the crops and are parallelly arranged.