Shock-resistant worm

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of worms, in particular to an anti-impact worm which comprises a main shaft body, a buffer layer, a damping assembly and a supporting ring. Arc-shaped reinforcing ribs are arranged on the outer surface of the main shaft body, the buffer layer is composed of a high-elasticity rubber layer and a hard alloy coating, the damping assembly comprises an end cover, a spring ring and a damping fin, and the supporting ring is provided with a flow guide groove and balls. By optimizing the structural design and material selection, the tooth crest strength is enhanced, the impact force in the punching process is dispersed, the dynamic load is absorbed, abrasion and friction loss are reduced, and the operation stability and durability are improved. The worm solves the problems that in the prior art, under the high-load and impact working conditions, fatigue fracture is prone to occurring, tooth surfaces are abraded, and the impact resistance is insufficient, and the high-performance transmission requirement is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of mechanical transmission technology, specifically an impact-resistant worm gear. Background Technology

[0002] Application CN108518406B discloses a worm gear shaft for a window regulator, including a mounting shaft, a square hole, a pressure cap, and mounting screws. The mounting shaft is slidably connected to the worm gear shaft through the square hole, and the pressure cap is fixed to the end of the worm gear shaft by the mounting screws for positioning and protection. The pressure cap is designed to retract inwards to prevent deformation during storage and improve safety. However, this design primarily focuses on ease of installation and convenient partial replacement. Under high-impact conditions, its structure lacks an effective mechanism for dispersing impact forces, making it difficult to fully absorb dynamic load energy, which may lead to damage to the gear surface or overall failure.

[0003] Application CN114080512B discloses a bearing configuration for a worm gear shaft, including a rolling bearing, a housing, and a ring spring. The rolling bearing is connected to the housing via elastic pretensioning, and the ring spring provides support to reduce vibration and friction, thereby improving operational stability. However, this design focuses on improving the operating environment and does not address worm gear material optimization or structural improvements. Therefore, it offers limited improvement in impact resistance under high-impact conditions and may still suffer from insufficient performance under complex operating conditions.

[0004] The aforementioned prior art demonstrates that traditional worm gear designs have limitations when facing high loads and impact conditions, particularly in terms of impact force distribution and structural strength, where room for improvement remains. Therefore, this invention proposes an impact-resistant worm gear that, through optimized material selection and structural design, significantly improves the durability and reliability of the worm gear under high impact conditions, meeting the demands of modern industry for high-performance transmission components. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an impact-resistant worm gear, which solves the problems of fatigue fracture, tooth surface wear, and insufficient impact resistance of existing worm gears under high load and impact conditions by optimizing structural design and material selection.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an impact-resistant worm gear, comprising: a main shaft body, the outer surface of which is provided with multiple sets of helical tooth grooves, each set of helical tooth grooves having an arc-shaped reinforcing rib machined at the tooth tip, the arc-shaped reinforcing ribs being distributed along the tooth tip contour and forming an integral structure therewith;

[0007] The buffer layer is nested on the outer surface of the main spindle. The buffer layer is composed of multiple layers of composite material, with a high-elasticity rubber layer on the side closer to the main spindle and a hard alloy coating on the side farther from the main spindle.

[0008] The damping assembly is installed at both ends of the spindle body. The damping assembly includes end caps, spring rings and damping plates. The end caps are fixed to both ends of the spindle body by threaded connection. The spring rings are nested inside the end caps. The damping plates are attached to the inner surface of the spring rings and contact the end face of the spindle body.

[0009] The support ring is located in the middle of the main spindle body and is fixedly connected to the main spindle body through a keyway. Multiple sets of guide grooves are opened on the outer surface of the support ring, and the guide grooves are evenly distributed along the circumference of the support ring.

[0010] Preferably, the shock absorption assembly further includes a limiting block and a positioning pin. The limiting block is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the end cover, and the inner surface of the limiting block is in contact with the outer surface of the spring ring. The positioning pin passes through the side wall of the end cover and is inserted into the positioning hole of the limiting block. The outer surface of the positioning pin is connected to the inner wall of the positioning hole by an interference fit.

[0011] Preferably, the high-elasticity rubber layer of the buffer layer is embedded with multiple sets of fiber reinforcing strips, the fiber reinforcing strips are arranged along the axial direction of the main shaft, the spacing between two adjacent sets of fiber reinforcing strips is equal, and the thickness of the hard alloy coating is 0.5 mm to 1 mm.

[0012] Preferably, the guide groove of the support ring is provided with multiple sets of balls, the balls are fixed in the guide groove by a retainer, the outer surface of the retainer is installed with the inner wall of the guide groove by clearance fit, and the outer surface of the balls is flush with the opening of the guide groove.

[0013] Preferably, the two ends of the main shaft are provided with mounting holes, the mounting holes are provided with internal threads, the outer surface of the end cap is provided with external threads, the end cap is screwed into the mounting holes through threaded connection, and a sealing ring is provided between the end face of the end cap and the end face of the main shaft.

[0014] Preferably, a through hole is provided in the middle of the main shaft, the through hole extends through both ends of the main shaft, and multiple sets of lubrication grooves are provided on the inner wall of the through hole. The lubrication grooves extend along the axial direction of the through hole and the depth of the lubrication grooves is 0.2mm to 0.5mm.

[0015] Preferably, the outer surface of the support ring is coated with a wear-resistant coating, the thickness of which is 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm, and the material of the wear-resistant coating is a ceramic matrix composite material.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the technical advantages of this utility model are as follows:

[0017] (1) The impact-resistant worm gear enhances the tooth tip strength of the helical tooth groove through the arc-shaped reinforcing rib design on the outer surface of the spindle body, reducing the risk of tooth surface wear under high load; at the same time, the arc-shaped structure of the arc-shaped reinforcing rib can effectively disperse the impact force and avoid tooth surface damage caused by stress concentration.

[0018] (2) The multi-layer composite material design of the buffer layer combines the advantages of high elastic rubber layer and hard alloy coating. The high elastic rubber layer can absorb the impact energy generated by dynamic load, while the hard alloy coating improves the wear resistance of the tooth surface, thereby significantly improving the durability of the worm under complex working conditions.

[0019] (3) The shock absorption assembly further absorbs the impact force at both ends of the main shaft through the combination of spring rings and damping plates. The design of limit blocks and positioning pins ensures the stability of the shock absorption assembly and avoids loosening or failure of parts caused by vibration.

[0020] (4) The guide groove and ball design of the support ring not only improves the running stability of the spindle, but also achieves uniform distribution of lubricating oil through the balls in the guide groove, reducing friction loss during operation and extending the service life of the worm.

[0021] (5) The through hole and lubrication groove design in the middle of the spindle body facilitates the flow of lubricating oil, ensures the lubrication effect of the worm gear during long-term operation, reduces the risk of wear caused by insufficient lubrication, and at the same time, the through hole reduces the weight of the spindle body and improves the flexibility of the overall structure.

[0022] In summary, this invention solves the problem of insufficient performance of worm gears under high load and impact conditions in the prior art by optimizing the structural design and material selection of the worm gear, significantly improving the impact resistance and durability of the worm gear, and meeting the needs of modern industry for high-performance transmission components. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention, showing the arrangement of the main shaft, helical toothed groove, arc-shaped reinforcing rib, buffer layer, shock absorption component and support ring.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main shaft structure of this utility model, which focuses on the structure and distribution of the arc-shaped reinforcing ribs at the tooth tips of the helical tooth grooves.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the shock-absorbing component of this utility model, which shows in detail the connection method and positional relationship of the end cap, spring ring, damping plate and limiting block.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support ring structure of this utility model, showing the distribution of the guide groove, balls, and cage.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the through hole and lubrication groove in the middle of the main shaft of this utility model, which shows the extension direction and depth design of the lubrication groove on the inner wall of the through hole.

[0028] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0029] 1. Main shaft; 2. Helical toothed groove; 3. Arc-shaped reinforcing rib; 4. Buffer layer; 5. Vibration damping assembly; 6. End cap; 7. Spring ring; 8. Damping plate; 9. Limiting block; 10. Support ring; 11. Guide groove; 12. Ball bearing; 13. Through hole; 14. Lubrication groove. Detailed Implementation

[0030] This invention provides an impact-resistant worm gear, the structural design of which comprehensively considers performance requirements under high load and impact conditions. The specific embodiments of this invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention, showing the arrangement of the main shaft 1, the helical toothed groove 2, the arc-shaped reinforcing rib 3, the buffer layer 4, the shock absorption component 5, and the support ring 10. Figures 2 to 5 The partial structure of the spindle body 1, the internal structure of the shock absorption assembly 5, the design details of the support ring 10, and the cross-sections of the through hole 13 and the lubrication groove 14 in the middle of the spindle body 1 are shown in detail.

[0031] The main spindle 1 is the core component of this invention. Its outer surface is provided with multiple sets of helical tooth grooves 2, which are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the main spindle 1 for power transmission. Each set of helical tooth grooves 2 has an arc-shaped reinforcing rib 3 machined at its tooth tip. The arc-shaped reinforcing rib 3 is distributed along the tooth tip contour and forms an integral structure with it. The arc-shaped design of the arc-shaped reinforcing rib 3 effectively disperses the impact force on the tooth tip, avoiding tooth surface damage caused by stress concentration. The specific shape and size of the arc-shaped reinforcing rib 3 are determined according to actual application requirements. Generally, its curvature should match the tooth tip contour of the helical tooth groove 2 to ensure that the meshing performance is not affected while enhancing strength. Mounting holes are provided at both ends of the main spindle 1, with internal threads inside for fixing the end caps 6. A through hole 13 is provided in the middle of the main spindle 1, penetrating both ends. Multiple sets of lubrication grooves 14 are provided on the inner wall of the through hole 13, extending axially along the through hole 13 to a depth of 0.2mm to 0.5mm, for the flow and storage of lubricating oil.

[0032] The buffer layer 4 is nested on the outer surface of the main spindle 1 and is composed of multiple layers of composite material. The side closer to the main spindle 1 is a highly elastic rubber layer, while the side further away is a carbide coating. The highly elastic rubber layer absorbs the impact energy generated by dynamic loads, while the carbide coating improves the wear resistance of the tooth surface. Multiple sets of fiber reinforcement strips are embedded in the highly elastic rubber layer, arranged axially along the main spindle 1 with equal spacing between adjacent sets, to enhance the overall rigidity and shear resistance of the buffer layer 4. The carbide coating has a thickness of 0.5 mm to 1 mm, and its coating process can employ thermal spraying or electroplating to ensure coating uniformity and adhesion. The buffer layer 4 is fixed to the outer surface of the main spindle 1 by an interference fit, ensuring that it will not shift or detach during operation.

[0033] The shock-absorbing assembly 5 is installed at both ends of the spindle body 1, including end caps 6, spring rings 7, and damping plates 8. The end caps 6 are fixed to both ends of the spindle body 1 by threaded connections, and their outer surfaces are provided with external threads that mate with the internal threads in the mounting holes at the ends of the spindle body 1. A sealing ring is provided between the end face of the end cap 6 and the end face of the spindle body 1 to prevent dust and impurities from entering the interior of the shock-absorbing assembly 5. The spring ring 7 is nested inside the end cap 6, and its outer surface fits against the inner surface of the limiting block 9, which is fixedly installed on the inner sidewall of the end cap 6. The damping plate 8 fits against the inner surface of the spring ring 7 and contacts the end face of the spindle body 1 to absorb and disperse the impact force received by the spindle body 1. A locating pin passes through the sidewall of the end cap 6 and is inserted into the locating hole of the limiting block 9. The outer surface of the locating pin is connected to the inner wall of the locating hole by an interference fit to ensure the stability of the shock-absorbing assembly 5. The assembly sequence of the above components is as follows: first, nest the spring ring 7 inside the end cover 6, then attach the damping plate 8 to the inner surface of the spring ring 7, then fix the limiting block 9 to the inner wall of the end cover 6, and finally fix the whole assembly by the positioning pin.

[0034] The support ring 10 is located at the center of the spindle body 1 and is fixedly connected to the spindle body 1 via a keyway. Multiple sets of guide grooves 11 are formed on the outer surface of the support ring 10, evenly distributed along the circumference of the support ring 10, for guiding and distributing lubricating oil. Multiple sets of balls 12 are installed within the guide grooves 11, fixed in place by cages. The outer surface of the cages is fitted to the inner wall of the guide grooves 11 with a clearance fit, and the outer surface of the balls 12 is flush with the opening of the guide grooves 11. The outer surface of the support ring 10 is coated with a wear-resistant coating with a thickness of 0.1mm to 0.3mm, made of ceramic matrix composite material, to improve the wear resistance and service life of the support ring 10. The installation process of the support ring 10 is as follows: first, the support ring 10 is initially fixed to the spindle body 1 via the keyway, and then further reinforced with fasteners to ensure that the support ring 10 will not loosen or shift during operation.

[0035] In actual operation, the spindle 1 meshes with other transmission components through the helical tooth groove 2 to transmit power. When the worm is subjected to impact load, the arc-shaped reinforcing rib 3 can effectively disperse the impact force on the tooth tip, avoiding tooth surface damage caused by stress concentration. The high-elasticity rubber layer in the buffer layer 4 absorbs the impact energy generated by dynamic loads, while the hard alloy coating improves the wear resistance of the tooth surface, thus significantly improving the durability of the worm under complex working conditions. The spring ring 7 and damping plate 8 in the shock absorption assembly 5 work together to further absorb the impact force on both ends of the spindle 1. The design of the limit block 9 and the positioning pin ensures the stability of the shock absorption assembly 5, preventing component loosening or failure caused by vibration. The design of the guide groove 11 and ball bearing 12 in the support ring 10 not only improves the running stability of the spindle 1, but also achieves uniform distribution of lubricating oil through the ball bearing 12 in the guide groove 11, reducing friction loss during operation and extending the service life of the worm. The through hole 13 and lubrication groove 14 in the middle of the spindle body 1 are designed to facilitate the flow of lubricating oil, ensuring the lubrication effect of the worm gear during long-term operation and reducing the risk of wear due to insufficient lubrication. At the same time, the through hole 13 reduces the weight of the spindle body 1 and improves the flexibility of the overall structure.

[0036] The above content describes in detail the connection relationship, positional relationship and mutual cooperation relationship between the various components of this utility model, ensuring the integrity and feasibility of the technical solution.

[0037] To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and implement this utility model, the following supplementary explanation of the specific implementation principle of this utility model is provided in conjunction with a specific application scenario.

[0038] In a certain industrial machinery, the worm gear, as a key transmission component, needs to withstand high-frequency impact loads and long-term high-load operation. To verify the practical effect of this invention, it was applied to the transmission system of a heavy-duty lifting device. This device operates in a complex environment, frequently facing sudden starts, emergency braking, or external impacts, thus placing high demands on the worm gear's impact resistance and durability.

[0039] First, during installation, the spindle body 1 is fixedly connected to the bearing seats of the equipment through the mounting holes at both ends. The internal threads in the mounting holes engage with the external threads of the end caps 6, ensuring that the end caps 6 can be securely tightened to both ends of the spindle body 1. The sealing ring between the end caps 6 and the spindle body 1 effectively prevents dust and impurities from entering the damping assembly 5, thereby ensuring the long-term reliability of the damping assembly 5. Subsequently, the support ring 10 is initially fixed to the middle of the spindle body 1 through a keyway and further reinforced with fasteners to ensure that the support ring 10 will not loosen or shift during operation.

[0040] When the equipment starts, the main shaft 1 meshes with other transmission components through the helical gear 2 to transmit power. During this process, if the equipment experiences an impact load due to sudden start-up or emergency braking, the arc-shaped reinforcing rib 3 can quickly disperse the impact force on the tooth tip. The design of the arc-shaped reinforcing rib 3, distributed along the tooth tip contour, ensures that the impact force is evenly guided to the entire tooth surface, avoiding stress concentration. This structure not only improves the impact resistance of the tooth surface but also significantly reduces the risk of damage to the tooth surface due to excessive local stress.

[0041] Meanwhile, the highly elastic rubber layer in buffer layer 4 begins to function. The fiber reinforcement strips embedded in the highly elastic rubber layer are arranged axially along the main shaft 1, enhancing the overall rigidity and shear resistance of buffer layer 4. When the impact energy generated by dynamic loads is transmitted to buffer layer 4, the highly elastic rubber layer absorbs most of the impact energy through its own elastic deformation, thereby reducing the instantaneous load on the main shaft 1. Furthermore, the presence of the carbide coating further improves the wear resistance of the tooth surface, making it less prone to wear due to friction during long-term operation and extending the service life of the worm gear.

[0042] Under impact loads, the spring ring 7 and damping plate 8 in the damping assembly 5 work together to further absorb the impact force received at both ends of the main shaft 1. The spring ring 7 converts some of the impact energy into potential energy through elastic deformation and stores it, while the damping plate 8 converts the remaining energy into heat energy and dissipates it through the internal friction characteristics of the material. The design of the limiting block 9 and the positioning pin ensures the stability of the damping assembly 5 and avoids component loosening or failure caused by vibration. This multi-stage damping mechanism effectively reduces the impact load on the main shaft 1, thereby improving the overall impact resistance of the worm gear.

[0043] The design of the support ring 10 also plays a crucial role in actual operation. The balls 12 within the guide groove 11 are fixed by a cage, allowing them to roll freely as the spindle 1 rotates. This design not only reduces frictional loss between the support ring 10 and the spindle 1 but also ensures uniform distribution of lubricating oil. Lubricating oil flows in from the through hole 13 in the center of the spindle 1 and extends to the entire surface of the spindle 1 through the lubrication groove 14, ensuring effective lubrication of the worm gear during long-term operation. Simultaneously, the through hole 13 reduces the overall weight of the spindle 1, improves the worm gear's flexibility, and makes it more stable during high-speed operation.

[0044] Through practical application of the above steps, the impact-resistant worm gear of this invention exhibits excellent performance under complex working conditions. The synergistic effect of the arc-shaped reinforcing rib 3, buffer layer 4, shock-absorbing component 5, and support ring 10 significantly improves the impact resistance and durability of the worm gear, meeting the demands of modern industry for high-performance transmission components. The above content details the operating principle and implementation method of this invention in practical scenarios, ensuring the completeness and feasibility of the technical solution.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An impact resistant worm, characterized in that, include: The main shaft (1) has multiple sets of helical tooth grooves (2) on its outer surface. Each set of helical tooth grooves (2) has an arc-shaped reinforcing rib (3) machined at the tooth tip. The arc-shaped reinforcing rib (3) is distributed along the tooth tip contour and forms an integral structure with it. A buffer layer (4) is nested on the outer surface of the spindle body (1). The buffer layer (4) is made of multiple composite materials. The side closer to the spindle body (1) is a high-elasticity rubber layer, and the side away from the spindle body (1) is a hard alloy coating. A damping assembly (5) is installed at both ends of the spindle body (1). The damping assembly (5) includes an end cap (6), a spring ring (7), and a damping plate (8). The end cap (6) is fixed to both ends of the spindle body (1) by a threaded connection. The spring ring (7) is nested inside the end cap (6). The damping plate (8) is attached to the inner surface of the spring ring (7) and contacts the end face of the spindle body (1). A support ring (10) is located in the middle of the main shaft (1). The support ring (10) is fixedly connected to the main shaft (1) through a keyway. Multiple sets of guide grooves (11) are opened on the outer surface of the support ring (10). The guide grooves (11) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the support ring (10).

2. An impact resistant worm in accordance with claim 1, wherein: The shock absorption assembly (5) also includes a limiting block (9) and a positioning pin. The limiting block (9) is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the end cover (6). The inner surface of the limiting block (9) is in contact with the outer surface of the spring ring (7). The positioning pin passes through the side wall of the end cover (6) and is inserted into the positioning hole of the limiting block (9). The outer surface of the positioning pin is connected to the inner wall of the positioning hole by an interference fit.

3. An impact resistant worm in accordance with claim 1 wherein: The buffer layer (4) has multiple sets of fiber reinforcing strips embedded in its highly elastic rubber layer. The fiber reinforcing strips are arranged along the axial direction of the main shaft (1), and the spacing between two adjacent sets of fiber reinforcing strips is equal. The thickness of the hard alloy coating is 0.5 mm to 1 mm.

4. An impact resistant worm in accordance with claim 1 wherein: The support ring (10) has multiple sets of balls (12) in the guide groove (11). The balls (12) are fixed in the guide groove (11) by a retainer. The outer surface of the retainer is installed with the inner wall of the guide groove (11) through a clearance fit. The outer surface of the balls (12) is flush with the opening of the guide groove (11).

5. An impact resistant worm in accordance with claim 1 wherein: The main shaft (1) has mounting holes at both ends, and internal threads are provided in the mounting holes. The outer surface of the end cover (6) is provided with external threads. The end cover (6) is screwed into the mounting hole through a threaded connection. A sealing ring is provided between the end face of the end cover (6) and the end face of the main shaft (1).

6. An impact resistant worm in accordance with claim 1 wherein: The main shaft (1) has a through hole (13) in the middle, which passes through both ends of the main shaft (1). The inner wall of the through hole (13) is provided with multiple sets of lubrication grooves (14), which extend along the axial direction of the through hole (13) and have a depth of 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm.

7. An impact resistant worm in accordance with claim 1 wherein: The outer surface of the support ring (10) is coated with a wear-resistant coating with a thickness of 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm, and the material of the wear-resistant coating is a ceramic matrix composite material.

8. An impact resistant worm in accordance with claim 1 wherein: The outer surface of the main shaft (1) is connected to the buffer layer (4) by an interference fit, and the high elastic rubber layer of the buffer layer (4) is bonded to the hard alloy coating by thermal spraying or electroplating.

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