Waveguide antenna structure with frequency selective surface structure, waveguide radar and automobile

Abstract

The utility model provides a waveguide antenna structure with a frequency selective surface structure and a waveguide radar, and the structure comprises a waveguide antenna which is provided with a waveguide slot array and a frequency selective surface structure; the waveguide slot array is arranged on the waveguide antenna in a penetrating manner, and the frequency selective surface structures are distributed on the peripheral side of the waveguide antenna; the frequency selective surface structure comprises surface structure units, and the frequency selective surface structure is formed by arranging a plurality of surface structure units. According to the utility model, the frequency selective surface structure absorbs reflection between the top surface of the antenna and the antenna housing and reduces distortion of a directional diagram; surface waves can be reduced, space coupling between the antennas is reduced, and the isolation between the antennas is improved; the beam directivity can be adjusted, and beam performance specific directivity can be shaped.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of waveguide antenna, specifically, a waveguide antenna structure with frequency selective surface structure and waveguide radar. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, microwave, millimeter wave gradually enters people's field of vision, and plays an important role in the communication field.

[0003] At present, in the application of vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar, waveguide antenna is paid more and more attention due to its low loss, high isolation and other advantages; in the application of vehicle-mounted radar 76-81GHz frequency band, the new millimeter wave radio frequency chip technology with waveguide port is gradually mature, and the waveguide chip and waveguide antenna become the hot application products in the field of vehicle-mounted radar.

[0004] In the application of millimeter wave waveguide antenna, especially in the field of automobile radar, due to the wide application of MIMO technology, there are coupling between multiple antennas, antenna cover reflection and other practical situations, which leads to problems such as pattern distortion and antenna isolation deterioration.

[0005] Therefore, a new waveguide antenna structure is needed to improve the above problems. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0006] In view of the defects in the prior art, the utility model aims at providing a waveguide antenna structure with frequency selective surface structure.

[0007] According to the waveguide antenna structure with frequency selective surface structure provided by the utility model, the waveguide antenna is provided with a waveguide slot array and a frequency selective surface structure;

[0008] The waveguide slot array is arranged on the waveguide antenna, and the frequency selective surface structure is arranged on the side of the waveguide antenna.

[0009] The frequency selective surface structure comprises surface structure units, and the frequency selective surface structure is composed of multiple surface structure units.

[0010] Preferably, the surface structure unit comprises a circular unit, an oblong unit and a strip unit.

[0011] The frequency selective surface structure is composed of any one or more of the circular unit, the oblong unit and the strip unit.

[0012] Preferably, a recess is formed in the middle region of the surface structure unit, and a communication slot is formed on the side of the circular unit.

[0013] The two adjacent surface structure units are connected through the communication slit.

[0014] Preferably, the arrangement of the circular units adopts any one or more of the following:

[0015] -adopting quadrilateral arrangement in the longitudinal and transverse directions;

[0016] -adopting hexagonal arrangement;

[0017] -adopting regular polygon arrangement.

[0018] Preferably, the diameter of the recess in the circular unit is 1 / 4 of the working wavelength, the depth is 1 / 4 of the working wavelength, the width of the communication slit is 1 / 10 of the working wavelength, and the center-to-center distance between adjacent circular units is less than the diameter of the recess.

[0019] Preferably, the length direction of the long circular unit is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the slot antenna, the depth of the recess in the long circular unit is 1 / 4 of the working wavelength, the width is less than or equal to 1 / 4 of the working wavelength, and the length is greater than 1 / 4 of the working wavelength and less than 1 / 2 of the working wavelength;

[0020] The communication slit on the long circular unit is arranged on both sides in the length direction, and no communication slit is arranged on both sides in the width direction of the long circular unit. The width of the communication slit is 1 / 10 of the working wavelength, and the transverse center-to-center distance between adjacent long circular units is 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 of the working wavelength.

[0021] Preferably, the length direction of the long strip unit is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the slot antenna, the depth of the long strip unit is 1 / 4 of the working wavelength, the width is less than or equal to 1 / 4 of the working wavelength, and the length is equivalent to the total linear length of the waveguide slot array.

[0022] The communication slit on the long circular unit is arranged on both sides in the length direction, and no communication slit is arranged on both sides in the width direction of the long circular unit. The width of the communication slit is 1 / 10 of the working wavelength, and the transverse center-to-center distance between adjacent long strip units is 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 of the working wavelength.

[0023] Preferably, the composition of the frequency selective surface structure includes:

[0024] The circular unit or the long circular unit is arranged near the inner side of the waveguide slot array, and the long strip unit is arranged on the outer side of the waveguide slot array.

[0025] Preferably, the frequency selective surface structure is arranged on the left and right sides of the waveguide slot array, and is arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically on the left and right sides.

[0026] Alternatively, the frequency selective surface structure is arranged on one side of the waveguide slot array.

[0027] The utility model provides a waveguide radar, including the waveguide antenna structure with frequency selective surface structure.

[0028] The utility model provides a car, including the waveguide radar.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects as follows:

[0030] 1, the frequency selective surface structure that the utility model provides, absorbs the reflection between antenna top surface and antenna housing, reduces the distortion of the radiation pattern.

[0031] 2, the frequency selective surface structure that the utility model provides, reduces surface wave, reduces the spatial coupling between antennas, improves the isolation between antennas.

[0032] 3, the frequency selective surface structure that the utility model provides, adjusts beam directivity, can to the beam performance specific direction of the shaping.

[0033] 4, the utility model provides multiple application frequency selective surface structure's mode, according to the flexible selection of use demand, reduces the processing difficulty and manufacturing cost when meeting the use performance demand. DRAWINGS

[0034] Other features, objects and advantages of the utility model will become more apparent through reading the following detailed description of the non-restrictive embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 It is the waveguide antenna perspective drawing with frequency selective surface structure in the utility model;

[0036] Figure 2 It is the frequency selective surface unit perspective drawing in the utility model;

[0037] Figure 3 It is the frequency selective surface unit arrangement example drawing in the utility model;

[0038] Figure 4 It is the waveguide antenna elevation view with frequency selective surface structure in the utility model;

[0039] Figure 5 It is the waveguide antenna perspective drawing with frequency selective surface structure in the utility model;

[0040] Figure 6 It is the waveguide antenna elevation view with frequency selective surface structure in the utility model;

[0041] Figure 7 It is the waveguide antenna perspective drawing with frequency selective surface structure in the utility model;

[0042] Figure 8 Front view of the waveguide antenna with frequency selective surface structure in the utility model;

[0043] Figure 9 Front view of the waveguide antenna with frequency selective surface structure in the utility model (left-right asymmetry);

[0044] Figure 10 Horizontal plane symmetrical beam pattern in the utility model, Azim is azimuth, Elev is elevation angle in the drawing;

[0045] Figure 11 Horizontal plane right deflection shaped beam pattern in the utility model, Azim is azimuth, Elev is elevation angle in the drawing;

[0046] Figure 12 Horizontal plane symmetrical double-peak shaped beam pattern in the utility model, Azim is azimuth, Elev is elevation angle in the drawing.

[0047] Mark explanation:

[0048] Specific implementation

[0049] The utility model will be described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help the person skilled in the art to further understand the utility model, but do not limit the utility model in any form. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the utility model, a number of changes and improvements can be made. These all belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

[0050] The utility model discloses a waveguide antenna structure with frequency selective surface structure, the top surface of the antenna structure has frequency selective surface structure, can effectively reduce the coupling strength between antennas, reduces or eliminates the repeated reflection between the antenna top surface and the antenna cover, thereby reducing the pattern fluctuation or distortion, improves the antenna interval isolation. The surface structure is arranged on the top surface of waveguide antenna, is formed by a plurality of periodic array setting and intercommunication pit, forms the frequency selective surface structure that the certain frequency electromagnetic wave is absorbed.

[0051] The waveguide antenna structure with frequency selective surface structure will be described in further detail below.

[0052] Referring to Figure 1 As shown in the utility model discloses a waveguide antenna structure with frequency selective surface structure includes: waveguide antenna 1, the waveguide antenna contains waveguide slit array 2 and frequency selective surface structure 3.

[0053] The waveguide slot array 2 comprises a plurality of radiating slots for transmitting or receiving electromagnetic signals to the outside.

[0054] The frequency selective surface structure 3 comprises a plurality of surface structure units, including but not limited to: circular units 31, long circular units 32, long strip units 33, etc. The frequency selective surface structure 3 is composed of any one or more of the circular units 31, long circular units 32, and long strip units 33.

[0055] Referring to Figure 2 , the middle region of the surface structure unit is formed with a recess hole 311, and a communication slot 312 is formed on the circumferential side of the recess hole 311 on the circular unit 31; the adjacent two surface structure units are communicated through the communication slot 312

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, taking the circular unit 31 as an example, it comprises the recess hole 311 in the central region and the communication slot 312 for communicating the adjacent circular units 31; referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , a plurality of circular units 31 are arranged in a quadrilateral or hexagonal honeycomb pattern, or other forms, to form the frequency selective surface structure 3.

[0057] The diameter of the recess hole 311 of the circular unit 31 is about 1 / 4 of the working wavelength, and the depth is about 1 / 4 of the working wavelength. The center-to-center distance between adjacent circular units 31 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the recess hole 311, so that the communication slot 312 has a small width of about 1 / 10 of the working wavelength.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , considering that the waveguide slot antenna is more commonly used in horizontal polarization, the long circular unit 32 can be used to replace the circular unit 31 to reduce the processing complexity; the length direction of the long circular unit 32 is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the slot antenna; the depth of the long circular unit 32 is about 1 / 4 of the working wavelength, the width can be less than or equal to 1 / 4 of the working wavelength, and the length can be greater than 1 / 4 but generally less than 1 / 2 of the working wavelength; the longitudinal center-to-center distance between adjacent long circular units 32 is slightly smaller than the length, so that the communication slot 312 has a small width of about 1 / 10 of the working wavelength; the transverse center-to-center distance between adjacent long circular units 32 is greater than the width, about 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 of the working wavelength, so that the adjacent long circular units 32 in the transverse direction are not provided with the communication slot 312.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment, referring to Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, considering that the surface current, or the surface wave or the reflected (radome) energy is low far away from the waveguide slot array 2, long strip units 33 can be used instead of the combination of the circular units 31 or the long circular units 32 to form the combination of the inner circular unit 31+ the outer long strip unit 33 or the combination of the inner long circular unit 32+ the outer long strip unit 33 to reduce the manufacturing difficulty to a greater extent. The depth of the long strip unit 33 is 1 / 4 of the working wavelength, the width is less than or equal to 1 / 4 of the working wavelength, and the length is equivalent to the total linear length of the waveguide slot array 2.

[0060] The waveguide antenna in the utility model can be manufactured by using metal materials or surface metallized plastic materials, and the surface structure proposed by the utility model has high manufacturing feasibility based on the metal materials or surface metallized plastic materials.

[0061] The frequency selective surface structure 3 is arranged on both sides of the waveguide slot array 2, is symmetrically arranged, or is asymmetrically arranged on the left and right (refer to Figure 9 As shown), or is arranged on one side to obtain different horizontal beam pointing directions. By applying the frequency selective surface structure 3, the beam pointing property can be adjusted, and the beam performance can be specifically directed to the shaping; generally, the frequency selective surface structure 3 arranged symmetrically on the left and right can generate horizontally symmetric horizontal plane beam shapes, refer to Figure 10 Or Figure 12 As shown; the frequency selective surface structure 3 is not arranged on one side of the waveguide slot array 2 or the frequency selective surface structure 3 arranged on the side is farther away from the waveguide slot array 2 than the frequency selective surface structure 3 on the other side, so that a horizontal plane pattern deviated to the other side can be formed, refer to Figure 11 As shown; at the same time, the depth of the frequency selective surface structure 3 closest to the waveguide slot array 2 can be adjusted to further adjust the shape of the beam, such as the high and low of the peak gain.

[0062] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0063] The specific embodiments of the utility model have been described above. It should be understood that the utility model is not limited to the specific implementation described above, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which does not affect the essential content of the utility model. The embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other in any way without conflict.

Claims

1. A waveguide antenna structure with a frequency selective surface structure, characterized in that, The application relates to a waveguide antenna (1) provided with a waveguide slot array (2) and a frequency selective surface structure (3). The waveguide slot array (2) is arranged on the waveguide antenna (1), and the frequency selective surface structure (3) is arranged on the side of the waveguide antenna (1). The frequency selective surface structure (3) comprises surface structure units, and is composed of a plurality of surface structure units. The surface structure units comprise round units (31), long round units (32) and long strip units (33).

2. The waveguide antenna structure with a frequency selective surface structure of claim 1, wherein, The frequency selective surface structure (3) is composed of any one or more of the round units (31), the long round units (32) and the long strip units (33). The middle part of the surface structure unit is provided with a recess (311), and a communication slot (312) is arranged on the side of the surface structure unit near the recess (311).

3. The waveguide antenna structure with a frequency selective surface structure of claim 2, wherein, The adjacent two surface structure units are communicated through the communication slot (312). The arrangement mode of the round unit (31) is any one or more of the following modes:

4. The waveguide antenna structure with a frequency selective surface structure of claim 2, wherein, The round unit (31) is arranged in a quadrilateral mode along the longitudinal and transverse directions; The round unit (31) is arranged in a hexagonal mode; The round unit (31) is arranged in a regular polygon mode. The diameter of the recess (311) in the round unit (31) is 1 / 4 of the working wavelength, the depth is 1 / 4 of the working wavelength, the width of the communication slot (312) is 1 / 10 of the working wavelength, and the center distance between the adjacent round units (31) is less than the diameter of the recess (311).

5. The waveguide antenna structure with a frequency selective surface structure of claim 3, wherein, The length direction of the long round unit (32) is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the slot antenna, the depth of the recess (311) in the long round unit (32) is 1 / 4 of the working wavelength, the width is less than or equal to 1 / 4 of the working wavelength, and the length is greater than 1 / 4 of the working wavelength and less than 1 / 2 of the working wavelength; 6. The waveguide antenna structure with a frequency selective surface structure of claim 3, wherein, The communication slot (312) on the long round unit (32) is arranged on both sides in the length direction, and no communication slot (312) is arranged on both sides in the width direction of the long round unit (32), the width of the communication slot (312) is 1 / 10 of the working wavelength, and the transverse center distance between the adjacent long round units (32) is 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 of the working wavelength; The length direction of the long strip unit (33) is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the slot antenna, the depth of the long strip unit (33) is 1 / 4 of the working wavelength, the width is less than or equal to 1 / 4 of the working wavelength, and the length is equal to the total linear length of the waveguide slot array (2); The communication slot (312) on the long round unit (32) is arranged on both sides in the length direction, and no communication slot (312) is arranged on both sides in the width direction of the long round unit (32), the width of the communication slot (312) is 1 / 10 of the working wavelength, and the transverse center distance between the adjacent long strip units (33) is 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 of the working wavelength. The composition mode of the frequency selective surface structure (3) comprises:

7. The waveguide antenna structure with a frequency selective surface structure of claim 2, wherein, The round unit (31) or the long round unit (32) is arranged on the inner side near the waveguide slot array (2), and the long strip unit (33) is arranged on the outer side of the waveguide slot array (2). ​ 8. The waveguide antenna structure with a frequency selective surface structure of claim 2, wherein, The frequency selective surface structure (3) is arranged on the left and right sides of the waveguide slot array (2) and is symmetrically arranged or asymmetrically arranged on the left and right sides. Alternatively, the frequency selective surface structure (3) is arranged on one side of the waveguide slot array (2).

9. A waveguide radar, characterized by The waveguide antenna structure with the frequency selective surface structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An automobile characterized by comprising: The waveguide radar according to claim 9.

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